CN103755503B - A kind of the mixed loading emulsion explosive macromolecule emulsifier and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of the mixed loading emulsion explosive macromolecule emulsifier and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of the mixed loading emulsion explosive macromolecule emulsifier, obtained by the following starting material of parts by weight: polyolefine 35-45 part, dicarboxylic acid or acid anhydrides 4-7 part, amino acid ester 6-13 part, additive 7-10 part, basic cpd 3-6 part, thinning oil 25-35 part; The invention also discloses the preparation method of this kind of macromolecule emulsifier.The present invention is different from those known emulsifying agents containing the novel the mixed loading emulsion explosive macromolecule emulsifier of amino acid ester structure, due to the introducing of amino acid ester compounds, show anti-jolt performance and the stable storing performance more superior than other emulsifying agents, be more suitable for the long-range dispensing of emulsion matrix, be applied in the mixed loading emulsion explosive.
Description
Technical field
A kind of the mixed loading emulsion explosive macromolecule emulsifier of the present invention and preparation method thereof, belongs to polymeric material field.
Background technology
Emulsion explosive macromolecule emulsifier originates from the polyisobutene succinimide class ashless dispersant in lubricating oil additive, and the various macromolecule emulsifiers of follow-up research and development are mostly based on this.
Disclosing a kind of in US20060223945A1, CN1158833A etc. take glycerine as the polyisobutylene succinic acid ester emulsifying agent of esterifying reagent.
Disclosing a kind of in CN1186078, US4225589, US6770605, US4119553 etc. take tetramethylolmethane as the polyisobutylene succinic acid ester emulsifying agent of esterifying reagent.
Disclosing a kind of in US3381022 take ethylene glycol as the polyisobutylene succinic acid ester emulsifying agent of esterifying reagent.
A kind of polyisobutylene succinic acid ester emulsifying agent being esterifying reagent with terminal hydroxy group Soxylat A 25-7 is disclosed in CN101152993A.
Disclosing a kind of in US6527885, US4919179, CN1415588A etc. take alcohol amine compound as the polyisobutylene butanedioic anhydride class emulsifying agent of derivatization reagent.
Along with the rise of emulsion matrix " concentrate pharmacy, long-range dispensing " industrial model, the requirement of emulsifier for emulsion explosive is more and more stricter, and current emulsifying agent is anti-, and jolt performance and stable storing performance can not meet the demands.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention be to provide a kind of emulsification pretreatment performance, anti-jolt performance and storge quality superior, be applicable to the mixed loading emulsion explosive macromolecule emulsifier of the long-range dispensing of emulsion matrix.Present invention also offers the preparation method of this kind of emulsifying agent
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a kind of the mixed loading emulsion explosive macromolecule emulsifier, is obtained by the following starting material of parts by weight: polyolefine 35-45 part, dicarboxylic acid or acid anhydrides 4-7 part, amino acid ester 6-13 part, additive 7-10 part, basic cpd 3-6 part, thinning oil 25-35 part;
Wherein said polyolefine is selected from the one in polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polyisobutene, polypenthylene, polystyrene, ethylene-propylene copolymer and propylene-isobutylene copolymers;
Described dicarboxylic acid or acid anhydrides are selected from the one in maleic acid, FUMARIC ACID TECH GRADE, propene dicarboxylic acid, maleic anhydride;
Described amino acid ester is selected from glycine, L-alanyl-glycine, D-pHPG, L-phenylglycine, D-PG, Serine, D-Ser, the o-tertiary butyl-Serine, the o-tertiary butyl-D-Ser, L-threonine, D-Thr, halfcystine, tyrosine, l-asparagine, glutamine, Methionin, arginine, Histidine, aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid, L-Ala, α-amino-isovaleric acid, leucine, Isoleucine, proline(Pro), phenylalanine, tryptophane, one in the methyl esters of methionine(Met) or ethyl ester compound and corresponding hydrochloride thereof,
Described additive is selected from the one in Thinz-Span, N, N`-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, 1-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-3-ethyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride, N-(triethyl ammonium sulphonyl) Urethylane;
Described basic cpd is selected from the one in sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, salt of wormwood, sodium ethylate, sodium methylate, triethylamine.
In technique scheme: described thinning oil is mineral oil.
In technique scheme: described thinning oil is 220N base oil.
Be preferably: described dicarboxylic acid or acid anhydrides are maleic acid or maleic anhydride, described amino acid ester is the o-tertiary butyl-Serine methyl ester hydrochloride, the o-tertiary butyl-D-Ser methyl ester hydrochloride, L-threonine methyl ester hydrochloride, D-Thr methyl ester hydrochloride, described additive is N, N`-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, 1-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-3-ethyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride, described basic cpd is triethylamine.
In technique scheme: described polyolefinic carbonatoms is 50 ~ 200, end alkene content is greater than 85%
Another object of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of method preparing the mixed loading emulsion explosive macromolecule emulsifier, completes in accordance with the following steps:
(1) by claim 1, polyolefine is added in reactor; open and stir and heating; be warming up to 70 ~ 80 DEG C; add dicarboxylic acid or acid anhydrides, insulated and stirred 1 ~ 2h, under nitrogen protection condition, add initiator; be warming up to 180 ~ 240 DEG C; reaction 3 ~ 7h, stopped reaction, filters and obtains polyolefin carboxylic acid or polyolefin carboxylic acid's acid anhydride.
(2) by the polyolefin carboxylic acid of above-mentioned synthesis or polyolefin carboxylic acid's acid anhydride is counter throws back reactor, add thinning oil, heat while stirring, be warming up to 60 ~ 70 DEG C, add amino acid ester and basic cpd, insulated and stirred 0.5 ~ 1h, add additive and catalyzer DMAP again, insulated and stirred 0.5 ~ 1h, be warming up to 100 ~ 120 DEG C, reaction 4 ~ 6h, filters to obtain finished product emulsifying agent.
In technique scheme: described initiator is superoxide.
As preferably: described initiator is the Benzoyl Peroxide tert-butyl ester.
In technique scheme: according to mass fraction, the amount of described initiator is 0.3-0.4 part, and the amount of described catalyzer is 0.5-1 part.
Beneficial effect: the present invention is different from those known emulsifying agents containing the novel the mixed loading emulsion explosive macromolecule emulsifier of amino acid ester structure, due to the introducing of amino acid ester compounds, show anti-jolt performance and the stable storing performance more superior than other emulsifying agents, be more suitable for the long-range dispensing of emulsion matrix, be applied in the mixed loading emulsion explosive.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described:
Comparative example: the preparation of emulsifying agent A
The preparation method of contrast emulsifying agent A is with reference to preparation method disclosed in US6527885, and the acid number of gained emulsifying agent A is 26.6mgKOH/g, and viscosity is 197.50mm2/s, and nitrogen content is 0.91%.
Embodiment 1: the preparation of emulsifying agent I
There-necked flask installs stirring, thermometer and nitrogen protection device; add 160g (Mn=800; end alkene content is greater than 85%) polyisobutene; stirring is warming up to 70 DEG C, adds 25g maleic anhydride and the 1.6g Benzoyl Peroxide tert-butyl ester, maintains 70 DEG C and stirs 2h; be warming up to 180 DEG C; reaction 7h, terminates reaction, filters and obtains polyisobutylene butanedioic anhydride.
Gained polyisobutylene butanedioic anhydride is dropped in former there-necked flask, add 140g220N base oil, stirring is warming up to 60 DEG C, add the 42.3go-tertiary butyl-Serine methyl ester hydrochloride and 20.2g triethylamine, insulated and stirred 0.5h, add 40gN again, N`-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and 3.4g4-Dimethylamino pyridine, insulated and stirred 0.5h, is warming up to 110 DEG C, insulated and stirred 6h, terminate reaction, filter to obtain 354g emulsifying agent I, acid number is 36.9mgKOH/g, viscosity is 142.11mm2/s, and nitrogen content is 1.12%.
Embodiment 2: the preparation of emulsifying agent II
There-necked flask installs stirring, thermometer and nitrogen protection device; add 200g (Mn=1000; end alkene content is greater than 85%) polybutene; stirring is warming up to 70 DEG C, adds 28.6g maleic acid and the 1.6g Benzoyl Peroxide tert-butyl ester, maintains 70 DEG C and stirs 1h; be warming up to 200 DEG C; reaction 3h, terminates reaction, filters and obtains polybutene succinic acid.
Gained polybutene succinic acid is dropped in former there-necked flask, add 148g220N base oil, stirring is warming up to 70 DEG C, add the 50.8go-tertiary butyl-Serine carbethoxy hydrochloride and 24g triethylamine, insulated and stirred 0.5h, add 30.8g1-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-3-ethyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride and 4.2g4-Dimethylamino pyridine again, insulated and stirred 0.5h, be warming up to 110 DEG C, insulated and stirred 4h, terminate reaction, filter to obtain 392g emulsifying agent II, acid number is 32.5mgKOH/g, and viscosity is 275.05mm2/s, and nitrogen content is 1.05%.
Embodiment 3: the preparation of emulsifying agent III
There-necked flask installs stirring, thermometer and reflux condensing tube, and add 240g (Mn=1200, end alkene content is greater than 85%) polyisobutene, stirs and is warming up to 80 DEG C, add 27.4g maleic acid and the 2.1g Benzoyl Peroxide tert-butyl ester, maintain 80 DEG C and stir 1.5h, be warming up to 240 DEG C, reaction 3h, terminate reaction, filter and obtain polyisobutylene succinic acid.
Gained polyisobutylene succinic acid is dropped in former there-necked flask, add 171.2g220N base oil, stirring is warming up to 70 DEG C, add 41.1gL-threonine methyl ester hydrochloric salt and 20.6g triethylamine, insulated and stirred 1h, add 47.9g1-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-3-ethyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride and 3.9g4-Dimethylamino pyridine again, insulated and stirred 1h, be warming up to 120 DEG C, insulated and stirred 6h, terminate reaction, filter to obtain 434g emulsifying agent III, acid number is 29.3mgKOH/g, and viscosity is 196.09mm2/s, and nitrogen content is 1.19%.
Embodiment 4: emulsification experiment
Emulsifying agent A carries out emulsification experiment with emulsifying agent I ~ III of the present invention under identical emulsification pretreatment condition, and tests water-soluble value and the viscosity of emulsion matrix, and observe emulsion matrix state, experimental result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 emulsifying agent low sheraing emulsification experiment result
As can be seen from Table 1, the emulsification pretreatment performance that the emulsifying agent optimized shows, low is water-solublely worth the emulsifying stability represented, low matrix viscosity represents and is easy to pumping, is more suitable for the mixed loading emulsion explosive field.
Embodiment 5: centrifugation is tested
Under identical emulsification condition, prepare the emulsion matrix of emulsifying agent A and emulsifying agent I ~ III of the present invention, and carry out centrifugation experiment, measure oil yield and water rate, experimental result is as shown in table 2.
Table 2 emulsion matrix centrifugation experimental result
| Emulsifier | State after centrifugation | Oil yield | Water rate |
| Emulsifying agent A | Occur without obvious ammonium nitrate crystal | 3.12 | 0 |
| Emulsifying agent I | Occur without obvious ammonium nitrate crystal | 13.81 | 0 |
| Emulsifying agent II | Occur without obvious ammonium nitrate crystal | 29.91 | 0 |
| Emulsifying agent III | Occur without obvious ammonium nitrate crystal | 2.85 | 0 |
As can be seen from Table 2, relative emulsifier A, the emulsifying agent III optimized shows better survivability.
Embodiment 6: long-range experiment of jolting
The emulsion matrix of emulsifying agent A and emulsifying agent I ~ III of the present invention is prepared under identical emulsification condition, after encapsulation, long-distance transport is carried out in entrucking together, carry out experiment of jolting, haulage track is chosen to be ten thousand states to Fengdu to In The Urban Area of Chongqing, transport the state of rear observation emulsion matrix, and carry out room temperature storage experiment, experimental result is as shown in table 3.
Table 3 emulsifying agent jolts experimental result
As can be seen from Table 3, relative emulsifier A, the emulsifying agent I ~ III optimized show better anti-ability of jolting, and are more suitable for the long-range dispensing of emulsion matrix.
Embodiment 7: stability in storage is tested
Under identical emulsification condition and sensitization condition, prepare the emulsion explosive that emulsifying agent A and emulsifying agent III of the present invention is corresponding, carry out high/low temperature circulation experiment and room temperature storage experiment, experimental result is as shown in table 4.
The stability in storage experimental result of the corresponding emulsion explosive of table 4 emulsifying agent
Note: the emulsion explosive room temperature storage prepared by emulsifying agent A can proper detonation after 3 days, and explosion velocity is 2941m/s, continue to store, after 7 days, explosive is hardening solid, cannot proper detonation.
As can be seen from Table 4, relative emulsifier A, the emulsifying agent III optimized shows better stability in storage.
Embodiment 8: the preparation of emulsifying agent IV
There-necked flask installs stirring, thermometer and reflux condensing tube, and add 240g polystyrene (Mn=1200, end alkene content is greater than 85%), stirring is warming up to 80 DEG C, adds 28.3g propene dicarboxylic acid and the 2.1g Benzoyl Peroxide tert-butyl ester, maintains 80 DEG C and stirs 1.5h, be warming up to 240 DEG C, reaction 3h, terminates reaction, filters and obtains polystyrene propene dicarboxylic acid.
The polystyrene propene dicarboxylic acid of gained is dropped in former there-necked flask, adds 155.6g220N base oil, stir and be warming up to 70 DEG C, add 38.9g acthiol-J hydrochloride and 20.3g sodium hydroxide, insulated and stirred 1h, then add 45.7gN, N`-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and 3.9g4-Dimethylamino pyridine, insulated and stirred 1h, is warming up to 120 DEG C, insulated and stirred 6h, terminate reaction, filter to obtain 492g emulsifying agent IV, acid number is 30.7mgKOH/g, viscosity is 167.52mm2/s, and nitrogen content is 0.86%.
The present invention is not limited to specific embodiment, wherein said polyolefine be selected from polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polyisobutene, polypenthylene, polystyrene, ethylene-propylene copolymer and propylene-isobutylene copolymers any one, as long as polyolefinic carbonatoms is 50 ~ 200, end alkene content is greater than 85% and just can, described dicarboxylic acid or acid anhydrides be selected from maleic acid, FUMARIC ACID TECH GRADE, propene dicarboxylic acid, maleic anhydride any one, described amino acid ester is selected from glycine, L-alanyl-glycine, D-pHPG, L-phenylglycine, D-PG, Serine, D-Ser, the o-tertiary butyl-Serine, the o-tertiary butyl-D-Ser, L-threonine, D-Thr, halfcystine, tyrosine, l-asparagine, glutamine, Methionin, arginine, Histidine, aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid, L-Ala, α-amino-isovaleric acid, leucine, Isoleucine, proline(Pro), phenylalanine, tryptophane, any one hydrochloride in the methyl esters of methionine(Met) or ethyl ester compound and corresponding hydrochloride thereof can select the o-tertiary butyl-Serine methyl ester hydrochloride, the o-tertiary butyl-D-Ser methyl ester hydrochloride, L-threonine methyl ester hydrochloride, described in any one in D-Thr methyl ester hydrochloride, additive is selected from Thinz-Span, N, N`-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, 1-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-3-ethyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride, any one in N-(triethyl ammonium sulphonyl) Urethylane, described basic cpd be selected from sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, salt of wormwood, sodium ethylate, sodium methylate, triethylamine any one.All can reach the identical effect of embodiment of the present invention 1-3.At this, we do not enumerate totally.
Claims (9)
1. a mixed loading emulsion explosive macromolecule emulsifier, is characterized in that: obtained by the following starting material of parts by weight: polyolefine 35-45 part, dicarboxylic acid or acid anhydrides 4-7 part, amino acid ester 6-13 part, additive 7-10 part, basic cpd 3-6 part, thinning oil 25-35 part;
Wherein said polyolefine is selected from the one in polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polyisobutene, polypenthylene, polystyrene, ethylene-propylene copolymer and propylene-isobutylene copolymers;
Described dicarboxylic acid or acid anhydrides are selected from the one in maleic acid, FUMARIC ACID TECH GRADE, propene dicarboxylic acid, maleic anhydride;
Described amino acid ester is selected from glycine, L-alanyl-glycine, D-pHPG, L-phenylglycine, D-PG, Serine, D-Ser, the o-tertiary butyl-Serine, the o-tertiary butyl-D-Ser, L-threonine, D-Thr, halfcystine, tyrosine, l-asparagine, glutamine, Methionin, arginine, Histidine, aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid, L-Ala, α-amino-isovaleric acid, leucine, Isoleucine, proline(Pro), phenylalanine, tryptophane, one in the methyl esters of methionine(Met) or ethyl ester compound and corresponding hydrochloride thereof,
Described additive is selected from the one in Thinz-Span, N, N`-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, 1-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-3-ethyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride, N-(triethyl ammonium sulphonyl) Urethylane;
Described basic cpd is selected from the one in sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, salt of wormwood, sodium ethylate, sodium methylate, triethylamine.
2. the mixed loading emulsion explosive macromolecule emulsifier according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described thinning oil is mineral oil.
3. the mixed loading emulsion explosive macromolecule emulsifier according to claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described thinning oil is 220N base oil.
4. the mixed loading emulsion explosive macromolecule emulsifier according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described dicarboxylic acid or acid anhydrides are maleic acid or maleic anhydride, described amino acid ester is the o-tertiary butyl-Serine methyl ester hydrochloride, the o-tertiary butyl-D-Ser methyl ester hydrochloride, L-threonine methyl ester hydrochloride, D-Thr methyl ester hydrochloride, described additive is N, N`-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, 1-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-3-ethyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride, described basic cpd is triethylamine.
5. the mixed loading emulsion explosive macromolecule emulsifier according to claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described polyolefinic carbonatoms is 50 ~ 200, and end alkene content is greater than 85%.
6. prepare a method for the mixed loading emulsion explosive macromolecule emulsifier, it is characterized in that: complete in accordance with the following steps:
(1) by claim 1, polyolefine is added in reactor, open and stir and heating, be warming up to 70 ~ 80 DEG C, add dicarboxylic acid or acid anhydrides, insulated and stirred 1 ~ 2h, under nitrogen protection condition, add initiator, be warming up to 180 ~ 240 DEG C, reaction 3 ~ 7h, stopped reaction, filters and obtains polyolefin carboxylic acid or polyolefin carboxylic acid's acid anhydride;
(2) by the polyolefin carboxylic acid of above-mentioned synthesis or polyolefin carboxylic acid's acid anhydride is counter throws back reactor, add thinning oil, heat while stirring, be warming up to 60 ~ 70 DEG C, add amino acid ester and basic cpd, insulated and stirred 0.5 ~ 1h, add additive and catalyzer DMAP again, insulated and stirred 0.5 ~ 1h, be warming up to 100 ~ 120 DEG C, reaction 4 ~ 6h, filters to obtain finished product emulsifying agent.
7. prepare the method for the mixed loading emulsion explosive macromolecule emulsifier according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described initiator is superoxide.
8. prepare the method for the mixed loading emulsion explosive macromolecule emulsifier according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described initiator is the Benzoyl Peroxide tert-butyl ester.
9. according to any one of claim 6-8, prepare the method for the mixed loading emulsion explosive macromolecule emulsifier, it is characterized in that: according to mass fraction, the amount of described initiator is 0.3-0.4 part, and the amount of described catalyzer is 0.5-1 part.
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| CN105272784B (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2017-09-01 | 浏阳金科新材料有限公司 | A kind of composite oil phase for being used to prepare the bulk emulsifying explosive of upward hole powder charge |
| CN105348416B (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2017-12-08 | 葛洲坝易普力股份有限公司 | Emulsion macromolecule emulsifier and preparation method thereof |
| CN110981658A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-10 | 江西吉润花炮新材料科技有限公司 | Safe smokeless and sulfur-free firecracker and firecracker nitrate medicament and preparation method thereof |
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