CN103754996A - Method for deeply treating cyanided gold extraction waste water by electro-adsorption technology - Google Patents

Method for deeply treating cyanided gold extraction waste water by electro-adsorption technology Download PDF

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CN103754996A
CN103754996A CN201410014314.7A CN201410014314A CN103754996A CN 103754996 A CN103754996 A CN 103754996A CN 201410014314 A CN201410014314 A CN 201410014314A CN 103754996 A CN103754996 A CN 103754996A
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electro
coal
adsorption
waste water
gold extraction
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CN103754996B (en
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宋永辉
屈学化
兰新哲
党晓娥
周军
张秋利
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Xian University of Architecture and Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for deeply treating cyanided gold extraction waste water by an electro-adsorption technology. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a coal-based electro-adsorption material by treating low-deterioration pulverized coal serving as a raw material through molding, pyrolyzing and activating processes; and comprehensively recovering ions such as free cyanogen, metal complexes and thiocyanogen radicals from the cyanided gold extraction waste water by taking the coal-based electro-adsorption material as a cathode and an anode through an electro-adsorption technology till the concentration of each ion in the waste water is up to the national secondary discharge standard (GB8978-2002) of industrial waste water, wherein metal ions can be recovered from ash after an adsorption-saturated coal-based polar plate material is taken as fuel, and a chemical method can be adopted for desorption. The low-deterioration coal, which is abundant in the resource storage of China, is taken as a raw material for preparing the coal-based electro-adsorption material, and is applied to deep treatment of the gold extraction cyanided waste water, so that the method has the advantages of low treatment cost and remarkable economic benefit, and plays an important role in comprehensive treatment and recovery of cyanided waste water in the gold industry.

Description

A kind of method that adopts electro-adsorption technology advanced treatment cyaniding gold extraction waste water
Technical field
The invention belongs to Metallurgical Waste Water process for comprehensively treating field, be specifically related to a kind of method that adopts electro-adsorption technology advanced treatment cyaniding gold extraction waste water.
Background technology
In coal resources in China, low-disintegration coal (long-flame coal, non-caking coal, weakly caking coal) reserves are very abundant, account for 51% left and right of national coal resources total amount.Approximately more than 5,000 hundred million tons of the Shan of China, Shanxi, peaceful, illiteracy, sweet contiguous areas coal reservess, account for the more than 72% of the whole nation, have the advantages that low ash, low-sulfur, low-phosphorous, low ash smelting point and golf calorific value, high inertinite divide content, high oxidation calcium contents, mainly for the production of blue charcoal and steam coal.Therefore, Efficient Conversion and this coal resource of comprehensive utilization have significant development prospect and tremendous economic interests.
Electro adsorption technology is a kind of new type water treatment technology growing up in recent years, can be used for water desalination, go hard, desalination and drinking water deep processing, electroplating wastewater processing etc.Under the effect of an extra electric field, on the interface of electrode and solution, form an electrostatic double layer, under the effect of electrostatic force by the ion storage in solution in electrostatic double layer, once and electric field removes, adion can turn back to again in solution, electrode is regenerated.Due to this reversibility, electro-adsorption method has advantages of that other water treatment method do not have.Compare with ion exchange method, the electrode surface of electro-adsorption method does not need acid, alkali and salts solution while regenerating, so reduced secondary pollution; Compare with heat treatment processes such as distillation method, the energy consumption of electro-adsorption method is lower; Compare with reverse osmosis method with electroosmose process, electro-adsorption method does not need film, more easily operation.In electro-adsorption process, sorbent material is one of key factor of electro-adsorption technology, and coal-based carbon due to its wide material sources and conventionally have that porosity is high, specific surface area is large, features such as active site is relatively many on molecular structure of coal, so be widely used in water treatment.
In the world today, having more than 85% gold output is to adopt Cyanide Leaching method to extract, and prussiate is a kind of good chemical agent, but is again a kind of very harmful highly toxic substance simultaneously.In the effluent of cyanide plant institute, conventionally contain CN -, CNS -, and the cyanide complex of Zn, Cu, Fe, Au, Ag, CN -concentration can be up to 500~1000mg/L.The toxicity of its waste water is very large, slightly deals with improperly and can bring significant damage to man and nature, and wherein have the precious metals such as a considerable amount of gold and silver and other metals, has potential economic benefit.
The existing patented technology of cyanide wastewater comprehensive treating process aspect: Shandong Humon Melt Stock Ltd. discloses " a kind of method of processing cyaniding gold extraction waste water " patent (ZL200810157629), directly in cyanidation gold-extracted waste liquid, add a kind of shell composite assistant with the form of precipitation, to remove the various detrimental impurity of the golden Cyanide Leaching of impact, then by solid-liquid separation, filtrate is all returned to cyanidation gold-extracted system and is used.Chen Guoqi discloses the patent (CN1370749) of " entirely reclaiming Treatment of cyanogen-contained wastewater and device thereof ", technical characteristics is that cyanide wastewater is after precipitation agent precipitation, carry out multistage solid-liquid separation, the HCN gas producing is empty row after absorbing, supernatant liquor produces precipitation and water, water standard discharge or reuse after special purpose device electric sieve removes.Sun Guangchao discloses the patent (CN1260327) of " a kind of purification process of cyanide-contained solution and have the recovery method of valence component ", with activated carbon filtration, be adjusted to acid cyanide-contained solution, due to the absorption of gac in acid cyanide-contained solution, filter, adhewsive action, can be effectively by heavy metal, precious metal separates with undesired impurities, realization has the highly enriched of valence component, recycling dilute sulphuric acid acidifying magnesium oxide/absorbent charcoal surface attachments, carbon surface is departed from completely because adhering to the epiphragma of formation, gac is reused, reach simultaneously and reclaim the object that has valence component in cyanide-contained solution, and after being purified, cyanide-contained solution reuses, therefore can reduce prussiate consumption, reduce source of pollution, reduce production costs.Chen Zhengshu discloses the patent (CN1403385A) of " cyanogen system and the double back that contains heavy metal-containing electroplating effluent are received the method for circulation ", by cyanogen, be that electroplating wastewater is by the retrieving arrangement made from ion exchange resin, make poisonous prussiate heavy metal substance be adsorbed in resin completely, clean water circulation after separation is as washing water, again with anion regeneration agent, toxic cyanide heavy metal substance is departed from from resin, resin is recycling, and the prussiate heavy metal substance departing from is again with the electrolysis of positive and negative electricity.
From current production practice, above patented technology does not really realize large-area applying, and still needs and further studies and improves.The existing comprehensive regulation of cyaniding gold extraction waste water and recovery process mainly contain following three kinds: the first is cyanide oxidation digestion or direct destroy method.These class methods mainly, by adding oxygenant and adjusting medium potential of hydrogen and to make hypertoxic cyanide oxidation be nontoxic or the discharge of low toxicity product, belong to the consumption-type passive type method of improvementing, maturation but cost is high, and manufacturer is often because Cost Problems is reluctant acceptance.This method still has larger market at China's gold mine, but is not the main direction of development in the long run.The second is the comprehensive absorption method of prussiate.Mainly contain acidization, active carbon adsorption, ion exchange adsorption, extraction process and contain cyanogen tail washings direct electrowinning method etc.On the whole, except acidization, these technology and equipment aspect China reach a standard not yet completely, substantially still in half industrial experiment stage.The third is that cyanide wastewater, tail washings or ore pulp return to leaching through press filtration, i.e. so-called zero release.Although this design is fine, also keep away unavoidable wash water and containing the outer row of cyanogen solids, have potentially contaminated, furthermore the continuous accumulation along with various ions in service, also there are many new problems.Especially the many difficult-treating gold mines of detrimental impurity content are difficult to fully effective circulation, situation is particularly outstanding.
Therefore, the present invention be take low rotten fine coal and is prepared novel coal-based electro-adsorption material as raw material, and take this material and as electrode adopts electro-adsorption technology, cyaniding gold extraction waste water is processed.Processing cost is low, not only can reduce wastewater toxicity and reach discharge index, can also reclaim as precious metal useful matter in waste water.There is huge environmental effect and economic benefit.Improvement to the potentially contaminated of gold industry cyanide wastewater has important practical significance.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of method that adopts electro-adsorption technology advanced treatment cyaniding gold extraction waste water, have that gold extraction waste water processing technological flow is short, difficulty is little, cost is low and waste water in the feature that can fully recycle of useful resources.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A method that adopts electro-adsorption technology advanced treatment cyaniding gold extraction waste water, comprises the steps:
Step 1, the low rotten fine coal of take are raw material, by ore grinding, screening, moulding, pyrolysis, activating process, prepare coal-based electro-adsorption material;
Step 2, using the coal-based electro-adsorption material prepared as negative electrode or anode, adopt electro-adsorption technology by the free Cyanide in waste water, metal complex and thiocyanate adsorption and enrichment in coal-based electrode material surface;
Step 3, the saturated coal-based electro-adsorption material of absorption can be used as fuel to separation and Extraction in the ashes of the metal of load from burning it on; Or the further Separation and Recovery of the method that adopts chemical desorb or Positive-going Desorption.
In described step 1, low rotten fine coal is long-flame coal, weakly caking coal or non-caking coal.
In described step 1, the preparation technology of coal-based electro-adsorption material is: low rotten pulverized coal particle size 50-150 order, forming pressure 5-10MPa, pyrolysis temperature 600-800 ℃, activation temperature 800-900 ℃.Particularly, raw material for example, can be mixed with additive (liquefied residue) at the coal sample after fragmentation, fine grinding, screening, after adding suitable quantity of water to stir, be placed in mould compression moulding under the pressure of 5-10MPa, dry being placed in gas retort, isolated atmosphere temperature rising is to 600-800 ℃, about insulation 60min, naturally cool to room temperature, obtain active carbon from coal.The active carbon from coal of gained is placed in to certain density potassium hydroxide solution and adsorbs 1h, dry being placed in gas retort activates 60min at 800-900 ℃, cools to room temperature with the furnace and obtains coal-based electro-adsorption material.
In described step 2, coal-based electro-adsorption material is simultaneously as negative electrode and anode, or only as anode, and when coal-based electro-adsorption material is during only as anode, negative electrode adopts stainless steel plate or titanium plate.
In described step 2, electro-adsorption processing condition are: absorption voltage 0.5-1.5V, adsorption time 1-12h under normal temperature.
Can adopt a plurality of tools coal-based electro-adsorption material at regular intervals to carry out continuous electro-adsorption as pole plate.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is:
(1) solved the problem of utilizing of a large amount of low rotten fine coal (comprising long-flame coal, weakly caking coal and non caking coal) resources in the peaceful regional blue charcoal industry in current China Jin, Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia;
(2) using low rotten fine coal as body material, the active carbon from coal electrode materials pore size distribution of making is more even, micropore conventionally at least 95% of accounting surface-area, and absorption property is good, can meet the requirement of different capacity density, discharges and recharges good reversibility;
(3) compare with conventional process technology, adopt electro-adsorption art breading cyaniding gold extraction waste water, without former water is carried out to pre-treatment, in operational process, need not add any medicament, operate simplyr, during system regeneration, without soda acid, only electric field is removed and rinse with former water, regeneration effect is good, and long-term operation performance is stable.As can be seen here, electro-adsorption technology has a good application prospect in gold industry recycling sewage generated by making.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with example, the present invention is described in further details.
Embodiment 1:
By low-disintegration coal and liquefied residue fragmentation, fine grinding, screening to 80 orders, ratio with mass ratio 7:3 is mixed, after adding water to stir by raw materials quality 1%, compression moulding under 6MPa pressure, oven dry is placed in gas retort, with the speed of 4 ℃/min, is warming up to 600 ℃ of carbonization 1h, and it is that the potassium hydroxide solution of 100g/L adsorbs 1h that the active carbon from coal of gained is placed in to mass concentration, dry being placed in gas retort activates 60min at 800 ℃, cools to room temperature with the furnace and obtains coal-based electro-adsorption material.Its specific surface area reaches 1256m 2/ g, iodine sorption value reaches 955mg/g.
Get coal-based electro-adsorption material and make two plate electrodes, the positive and negative electrode that connects respectively direct supply, fixed polar plate spacing is 6mm, this device is put in cyanide wastewater stoste, normal temperature Static Adsorption 300min under 0.5V voltage, the clearance 78% of final Cu in waste water, the clearance of iron is 100%, the clearance of thiocyanate reaches 23.96%, the clearance of free Cyanide is 90.3%, and the clearance of total cyanogen is 80.53%, and the clearance of gold is 96.5%, the clearance of zinc is 93.58%, and electrical conductivity of solution is down to 859 μ s/cm from 8.26ms/cm.
Embodiment 2:
By low-disintegration coal and liquefied residue fragmentation, fine grinding, screening to 150 orders, ratio with mass ratio 7:3 is mixed, after adding water to stir by raw materials quality 1%, compression moulding under 8MPa pressure, oven dry is placed in gas retort, with the speed of 4 ℃/min, is warming up to 800 ℃ of carbonization 1h, the active carbon from coal of gained is placed in to certain density potassium hydroxide solution and adsorbs 1h, dry being placed in gas retort activates 60min at 900 ℃, cools to room temperature with the furnace and obtains coal-based electro-adsorption material.Specific surface area reaches 1051m 2/ g, iodine sorption value reaches 805mg/g.
Get coal-based electro-adsorption material and make two plate electrodes, the positive and negative electrode that connects respectively direct supply, fixed polar plate spacing is 6mm, this device is put in in the cyanide wastewater after copper sulfate precipitation to normal temperature Static Adsorption 300min under 1.5V voltage, the clearance 85% of final cyanogen Cu in waste water, the clearance of iron is 100%, and the clearance of thiocyanate reaches 58.9%, and the clearance of free Cyanide is 92%, the clearance of total cyanogen is 89.6%, and electrical conductivity of solution is down to 530.26 μ s/cm from 8.26ms/cm.。
Embodiment 3:
By low-disintegration coal and liquefied residue fragmentation, fine grinding, screening to 100 orders, ratio with mass ratio 7:3 is mixed, after adding water to stir by raw materials quality 1%, compression moulding under 10MPa pressure, oven dry is placed in gas retort, with the speed of 4 ℃/min, is warming up to 800 ℃ of carbonization 1h, the active carbon from coal of gained is placed in to certain density potassium hydroxide solution and adsorbs 1h, dry being placed in gas retort activates 60min at 900 ℃, cools to room temperature with the furnace and obtains coal-based electro-adsorption material.Specific surface area reaches 951m 2/ g, iodine sorption value reaches 859mg/g.
Get coal-based electro-adsorption material and make three plate electrodes, put the middle negative pole that connects direct supply for one, all the other two are placed in cathode sheets both sides, the positive pole that connects direct supply, adjacent electrode spacing is 6mm, this device is put in cyanide wastewater stoste, normal temperature Static Adsorption 300min under 2.0V voltage, the clearance 90.63% of final Cu in waste water, the clearance of iron is 100%, the clearance of thiocyanate reaches 68.54%, the clearance of free Cyanide is 95%, the clearance of total cyanogen is 93.31%, the clearance of gold is 97.3%, electrical conductivity of solution is down to 320.52 μ s/cm from 8.26ms/cm.
Embodiment 4:
The preparation of coal-based electro-adsorption material is as embodiment 1;
Get coal-based electro-adsorption material and make three plate electrodes, put the middle negative pole that connects direct supply for one, all the other two are placed in cathode sheets both sides, the positive pole that connects direct supply, each interelectrode distance is 6mm, this device is put in in the cyanide wastewater after zinc sulfate precipitation, normal temperature Static Adsorption 300min under 1.5V voltage, the clearance 95.63% of final Cu in waste water, the clearance of iron is 100%, the clearance of thiocyanate reaches 80.96%, the clearance of free Cyanide is 98.2%, the clearance of total cyanogen is 97.51%, the clearance of gold is 97.5%, the clearance of zinc is 30.58%, electrical conductivity of solution is down to 199.54 μ s/cm from 8.26ms/cm.
Above example can be found out, with coal-based electrode materials, is electrode, adopts the electro-adsorption technology not only can Treatment of Cyanide-containing Wastewater stoste, and better to precipitating the adsorption effect of rear liquid, is more suitable for the cyanide wastewater that ionic concn is low.And electrode slice quantity is more, adsorption effect is better.Therefore, according to practical situation, according to the situation flexible combination electrode of actual waste water, process waste water, make each ionic concn in waste water can reach trade effluent country secondary discharge standard (GB8978-2002).

Claims (8)

1. a method that adopts electro-adsorption technology advanced treatment cyaniding gold extraction waste water, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step 1, the low rotten fine coal of take are raw material, by ore grinding, screening, moulding, pyrolysis, activating process, prepare coal-based electro-adsorption material;
Step 2, using the coal-based electro-adsorption material prepared as negative electrode or anode, adopt electro-adsorption technology by the free Cyanide in waste water, metal complex and thiocyanate adsorption and enrichment in coal-based electrode material surface;
Step 3, the saturated coal-based electro-adsorption material of absorption can be used as fuel to separation and Extraction in the ashes of the metal of load from burning it on; Or the further Separation and Recovery of the method that adopts chemical desorb or Positive-going Desorption.
2. the method that adopts according to claim 1 electro-adsorption technology advanced treatment cyaniding gold extraction waste water, is characterized in that, adopts electro-adsorption technology to carry out the comprehensive treating process of cyaniding gold extraction waste water.
3. the method that adopts according to claim 1 electro-adsorption technology advanced treatment cyaniding gold extraction waste water, is characterized in that, in described step 1, low rotten fine coal is long-flame coal, weakly caking coal or non-caking coal.
4. adopt according to claim 1 the method for electro-adsorption technology advanced treatment cyaniding gold extraction waste water, it is characterized in that, in described step 1, the preparation technology of coal-based electro-adsorption material is: low rotten pulverized coal particle size 50-150 order, forming pressure 5-10MPa, pyrolysis temperature 600-800 ℃, activation temperature 800-900 ℃.
5. the method that adopts according to claim 1 electro-adsorption technology advanced treatment cyaniding gold extraction waste water, is characterized in that, in described step 2, coal-based electro-adsorption material is simultaneously as negative electrode and anode, or only as anode.
6. the method that adopts according to claim 5 electro-adsorption technology advanced treatment cyaniding gold extraction waste water, is characterized in that, when coal-based electro-adsorption material is during only as anode, negative electrode adopts stainless steel plate or titanium plate.
7. the method that adopts according to claim 1 electro-adsorption technology advanced treatment cyaniding gold extraction waste water, is characterized in that, in described step 2, electro-adsorption processing condition are: absorption voltage 0.5-1.5V, adsorption time 1-12h under normal temperature.
8. the method that adopts according to claim 1 electro-adsorption technology advanced treatment cyaniding gold extraction waste water, is characterized in that, adopts a plurality of tools coal-based electro-adsorption material at regular intervals to carry out continuous electro-adsorption as pole plate.
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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108217854A (en) * 2018-01-23 2018-06-29 西安建筑科技大学 A kind of method using Novel electric adsorption technology processing coking/semi-coke wastewater
CN110028137A (en) * 2019-04-25 2019-07-19 郑州大学 A kind of Electro Sorb material and application removing water body low price ion and COD
CN116177659A (en) * 2023-03-24 2023-05-30 中南大学 Treatment method of heavy metal sulfate wastewater

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CN1485465A (en) * 2003-09-02 2004-03-31 中国铝业股份有限公司 Method for producing semi-graphite prebaked anode
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108217854A (en) * 2018-01-23 2018-06-29 西安建筑科技大学 A kind of method using Novel electric adsorption technology processing coking/semi-coke wastewater
CN110028137A (en) * 2019-04-25 2019-07-19 郑州大学 A kind of Electro Sorb material and application removing water body low price ion and COD
CN110028137B (en) * 2019-04-25 2021-11-30 郑州大学 Electro-adsorption material for removing low-valent ions and COD in water body and application
CN116177659A (en) * 2023-03-24 2023-05-30 中南大学 Treatment method of heavy metal sulfate wastewater

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