Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of luffing mechanism and luffing mechanism full power speed regulating method, can realize luffing mechanism automatic full power speed governing with the load of suspension hook.
To achieve these goals, according to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of luffing mechanism full power speed regulating method, comprise the following steps: the resultant force delta F obtaining first variable amplitude rope corresponding with current lifting weight and the second variable amplitude rope; And the actual speed of adjustable frequency motor is regulated according to △ F.
Further, the resultant force delta F obtaining first variable amplitude rope corresponding with current lifting weight and the second variable amplitude rope comprises the following steps: obtain the first electric signal that the first variable amplitude rope produces due to tension force effect, obtain the tension force F1 of the first variable amplitude rope based on the first electric signal; Obtain the second electric signal that the second variable amplitude rope produces due to tension force effect, obtain the tension force F2 of the second variable amplitude rope based on the second electric signal; And obtain △ F according to F1 and F2.
Further, the resultant force delta F obtaining first variable amplitude rope corresponding with current lifting weight and the second variable amplitude rope comprises the following steps: obtain the 3rd electric signal that suspension hook produces due to the effect of current lifting weight, obtain △ F based on the 3rd electric signal.
Further, the actual speed of adjustable frequency motor is regulated to comprise the following steps according to △ F: to calculate according to △ F the maximum operational speed that amplitude variation trolley under current lifting weight allows; The theoretical rotational speed of adjustable frequency motor is calculated according to maximum operational speed; The theoretic frequency of adjustable frequency motor is calculated according to the theoretical rotational speed of adjustable frequency motor; And the actual speed of adjustable frequency motor is regulated according to the theoretic frequency of adjustable frequency motor.
Further, maximum operational speed draws based on following formula: P=Δ Fv=|F
1-F
2| v; Wherein, P is the power of adjustable frequency motor, and △ F is making a concerted effort of the first variable amplitude rope and the second variable amplitude rope, and F1 is the tension force of the first variable amplitude rope, and F2 is the tension force of the second variable amplitude rope, and v is maximum operational speed.
Further, the theoretic frequency of adjustable frequency motor draws based on following formula:
wherein, n is the theoretical rotational speed of adjustable frequency motor, and f is the theoretic frequency of adjustable frequency motor, and s is revolutional slip, and p is the magnetic pole logarithm of adjustable frequency motor.
Further, the actual speed of adjustable frequency motor is regulated to comprise the following steps according to the theoretic frequency of adjustable frequency motor: to send frequency conversion instruction according to the theoretic frequency of adjustable frequency motor; According to frequency conversion instruction for adjustable frequency motor provides corresponding actual frequency and virtual voltage.
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of luffing mechanism, comprising: acquisition device, acquisition device is for obtaining first variable amplitude rope corresponding with current lifting weight and the resultant force delta F of the second variable amplitude rope; And frequency converter, frequency converter is electrically connected with acquisition device, and frequency converter is used for the actual speed regulating adjustable frequency motor according to △ F.
Further, acquisition device comprises: the first mechanics sensor, and the first mechanics sensor is arranged on the arm point pulley of luffing mechanism, the first electric signal that the first mechanics sensor produces due to tension force effect for obtaining the first variable amplitude rope, second mechanics sensor, the second mechanics sensor is arranged on the arm root pulley of luffing mechanism, the second electric signal that the second mechanics sensor produces due to tension force effect for obtaining the second variable amplitude rope, and PLC, PLC respectively with the first mechanics sensor, second mechanics sensor and frequency converter electrical connection, PLC is used for the tension force F1 obtaining the first variable amplitude rope according to the first electric signal, the tension force F2 of the second variable amplitude rope is obtained according to the second electric signal, △ F is obtained according to F1 and F2, the maximum operational speed that amplitude variation trolley under current lifting weight allows is calculated according to △ F, calculate the theoretic frequency of adjustable frequency motor according to maximum operational speed and send frequency conversion instruction according to theoretic frequency to frequency converter and provide corresponding actual frequency and virtual voltage to control frequency converter for adjustable frequency motor.
Further, acquisition device comprises: the 3rd mechanics sensor, and the 3rd mechanics sensor is arranged on suspension hook, the 3rd electric signal that the 3rd mechanics sensor produces due to the effect of current lifting weight for obtaining suspension hook; And PLC, PLC is electrically connected with frequency converter and the 3rd mechanics sensor respectively, PLC is used for obtaining current lifting weight according to the 3rd electric signal, obtain △ F according to current lifting weight, calculate current lifting weight according to △ F under the amplitude variation trolley maximum operational speed, the theoretic frequency calculating adjustable frequency motor according to maximum operational speed that allow and send frequency conversion instruction according to theoretic frequency to frequency converter and provide corresponding actual frequency and virtual voltage to control frequency converter for adjustable frequency motor.
Apply technical scheme of the present invention, according to the mathematical relation had between the lifting weight of luffing mechanism and the tension force of one or two variable amplitude rope of luffing mechanism, first obtain the tension force of the first variable amplitude rope of luffing mechanism and the tension force of the second variable amplitude rope, the rotating speed of adjustable frequency motor correspondingly can be regulated according to the tension force of the first obtained variable amplitude rope and the tension force of the second variable amplitude rope, thus the rotating speed of adjustable frequency motor is adapted to automatically according to the change of lifting weight, achieve heavy-duty low-speed, underloading full power speed governing at a high speed, solve the problem of invariable power section adjustable frequency motor power dissipation practically.
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to the accompanying drawings and describe the present invention in detail in conjunction with the embodiments.It should be noted that, when not conflicting, the embodiment in the application and the feature in embodiment can combine mutually.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, according to first embodiment of the invention, provide a kind of luffing mechanism, wherein amplitude-changing drum 10 is driven by adjustable frequency motor, amplitude-changing drum 10 is arranged with the first variable amplitude rope 40 and the second variable amplitude rope 70, first variable amplitude rope 40 is from pile warp support roller 20 after amplitude-changing drum 10 overlap and arm point pulley 30, and be fixed on the first side of amplitude variation trolley 60, second variable amplitude rope 70 is from pile warp arm root pulley 80 after amplitude-changing drum 10 overlap, and be fixed on second side relative with its first side of amplitude variation trolley 60, by the first variable amplitude rope 40 and the second folding and unfolding of variable amplitude rope 70 on reel 10, realize the motion of amplitude variation trolley 60 between the arm point and arm root of crane arm, and then drive the weight of suspension hook 50 and suspension hook 50 loads that amplitude variation trolley 60 hangs to realize luffing.Arm point pulley 30 is provided with the first mechanics sensor 31, the first electric signal that first mechanics sensor 31 produces due to tension force effect for obtaining the first variable amplitude rope 40, arm root pulley 80 is provided with the second mechanics sensor 81, the second electric signal that second mechanics sensor 81 produces due to tension force effect for obtaining the second variable amplitude rope 70, first mechanics sensor 31 and the second mechanics sensor 81 are electrically connected with PLC respectively, first electric signal and the second electric signal are passed to PLC respectively, first transform electrical signals is the first digital signal by PLC, be the second digital signal by the second transform electrical signals, then PLC calculates the tension force F of the first variable amplitude rope 40 according to the first digital signal
1, the tension force F of the second variable amplitude rope 70 is calculated according to the second digital signal
2, F here
1and F
2all corresponding with the lifting weight of suspension hook 50 current institute load weight, then according to F
1and F
2calculate the resultant force delta F between the first variable amplitude rope 40 and the second variable amplitude rope 70, be the luffing pulling force of amplitude variation trolley 60, then calculate according to △ F the maximum operational speed v that amplitude variation trolley 60 allows when adjustable frequency motor full power, this maximum operational speed v is also the maximum operational speed that under current lifting weight, amplitude variation trolley 60 allows, thus the theoretical rotational speed of current lifting weight down coversion electrical motor can be calculated according to this maximum operational speed v, the theoretic frequency of current wherein weight down coversion electrical motor can be calculated according to theoretical rotational speed, after obtaining the theoretic frequency of this adjustable frequency motor, PLC sends frequency conversion instruction to frequency converter, after frequency converter receives frequency conversion instruction by according to the control law required by PLC automatically for adjustable frequency motor provides corresponding actual frequency and virtual voltage, regulate the actual speed of adjustable frequency motor, realize actual speed automatic full power adjustment with the lifting weight of the weight of load of adjustable frequency motor, solve the problem of adjustable frequency motor in invariable power section power dissipation practically, and structure is simple, be convenient to control.
Preferably, the first mechanics sensor 31 is the first bearing pin sensor, and be arranged on the pivotal axis of arm point pulley 30, the second mechanics sensor 81 is the second bearing pin sensor, is arranged on the pivotal axis of arm root pulley 80.
Preferably, PLC has two kinds of modes to control frequency converter, the first is the analog input end of D/A module output analog signals to frequency converter of PLC, and the second is the mode adopting communication between PLC and frequency converter, and during practical application, these two kinds of modes are chosen any one kind of them.
In conjunction with see Fig. 3, corresponding with the structure of the luffing mechanism of first embodiment, luffing mechanism full power speed regulating method comprises the following steps:
The resultant force delta F of S100, acquisition first variable amplitude rope 40 corresponding with current lifting weight and the second variable amplitude rope 70;
S200, regulate the actual speed of adjustable frequency motor according to △ F.
Preferably, the resultant force delta F of step S100, acquisition first variable amplitude rope 40 corresponding with current lifting weight and the second variable amplitude rope 70 comprises the following steps:
First, obtain by the first mechanics sensor 31 the first electric signal that first variable amplitude rope 40 produces due to tension force effect, then obtain F based on the first electric signal
1, the first mechanics sensor 31 is here as the tension data acquisition elements of the first variable amplitude rope 40;
Secondly, obtain by the second mechanics sensor 81 the second electric signal that second variable amplitude rope 70 produces due to tension force effect, then obtain F based on the second electric signal
2, the second mechanics sensor 81 is here as the tension data acquisition elements of the second variable amplitude rope 70;
Finally, according to F
1and F
2calculate △ F.
Further preferably, process is carried out to the first electric signal and obtain F
1comprise the following steps: first by the A/D module of the first electric signal input PLC, then the first transform electrical signals is the first digital signal by PLC, obtains F finally by the computing of PLC internal processes
1.
Further preferably, process is carried out to the second electric signal and obtain F
2comprise the following steps: first by the A/D module of the second electric signal input PLC, then the second transform electrical signals is the second digital signal by PLC, obtains F finally by the computing of PLC internal processes
2.
Preferably, S200, the actual speed of adjustable frequency motor is regulated to comprise the following steps according to △ F: first PLC calculates according to the △ F drawn the maximum operational speed v that amplitude variation trolley 60 allows under current lifting weight, the theoretical rotational speed of adjustable frequency motor when then calculating full power according to maximum operational speed v, the theoretic frequency of adjustable frequency motor is calculated according to theoretical rotational speed, PLC just can send frequency conversion instruction according to the theoretic frequency obtained to frequency converter, frequency converter is made to export corresponding actual frequency and virtual voltage, finally realize the adjustment of the actual speed of adjustable frequency motor.
Wherein, maximum operational speed v draws based on following formula:
P=ΔF·v=|F
1-F
2|·v;①
In formula, P is the power of adjustable frequency motor, and △ F is making a concerted effort of the first variable amplitude rope 40 and the second variable amplitude rope 70, F
1be the tension force of the first variable amplitude rope 40, F
2be the tension force of the second variable amplitude rope 70, the maximum operational speed that v allows for amplitude variation trolley 60 under current lifting weight.
The frequency of adjustable frequency motor draws based on following formula:
②
In formula, n is the theoretical rotational speed of adjustable frequency motor, and f is the theoretic frequency of adjustable frequency motor, and s is revolutional slip, and p is the magnetic pole logarithm of adjustable frequency motor.
Formula 1. in v and formula 2. in n between there is mathematical relation, can draw n by obtaining v, and then draw f, wherein the mathematical relation of v and n is general equation, does not repeat them here.
As shown in Figure 4, according to second embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of luffing mechanism, wherein amplitude-changing drum 10 is driven by adjustable frequency motor, amplitude-changing drum 10 is arranged with the first variable amplitude rope 40 and the second variable amplitude rope 70, first variable amplitude rope 40 is from pile warp support roller 20 after amplitude-changing drum 10 overlap and arm point pulley 30, and be fixed on the first side of amplitude variation trolley 60, second variable amplitude rope 70 is from pile warp arm root pulley 80 after amplitude-changing drum 10 overlap, and be fixed on second side relative with its first side of amplitude variation trolley 60, by the first variable amplitude rope 40 and the second folding and unfolding of variable amplitude rope 70 on reel, realize the motion of amplitude variation trolley 60 between the arm root and arm point of crane arm, and then drive the weight of suspension hook 50 loads that amplitude variation trolley 60 hangs to realize luffing.Owing to there is mathematical relation between the resultant force delta F of the first variable amplitude rope 40 and the second variable amplitude rope 70 and lifting weight, so arrange the 3rd mechanics sensor 51 on suspension hook 50, the 3rd electric signal that suspension hook 50 produces is acted on for obtaining current lifting weight, 3rd mechanics sensor 51 is electrically connected with PLC, by the 3rd electric signal transmission to PLC, 3rd telecommunications is converted into the 3rd digital signal by PLC, then current lifting weight is drawn according to the 3rd digital signal, △ F is drawn again according to current lifting Weight computation, then calculate according to △ F the maximum operational speed v that amplitude variation trolley 60 allows when adjustable frequency motor full power, this maximum operational speed v is also the maximum operational speed that under current lifting weight, amplitude variation trolley 60 allows, thus the theoretical velocity of current lifting weight down coversion electrical motor can be calculated according to this maximum operational speed v, the theoretic frequency of adjustable frequency motor is calculated according to theoretical velocity, after obtaining this theoretic frequency, PLC sends frequency conversion instruction to frequency converter, after frequency converter receives frequency conversion instruction by according to the control law required by PLC automatically for adjustable frequency motor provides corresponding actual frequency and virtual voltage, realize actual speed automatic full power adjustment with load of variable-frequency motor, solve the problem of adjustable frequency motor in invariable power section power dissipation practically, and structure is simple, be convenient to control.
Preferably, the 3rd mechanics sensor 51 is the first bearing pin sensor, is arranged on the pivotal axis of suspension hook 50.
Preferably, PLC has two kinds of modes to control frequency converter, the first is the analog input end of D/A module output analog signals to frequency converter of PLC, and the second is the mode adopting communication between PLC and frequency converter, and during practical application, these two kinds of modes are chosen any one kind of them.
In conjunction with see Fig. 5, corresponding with the structure of the luffing mechanism of second embodiment, luffing mechanism full power speed regulating method comprises the following steps:
The resultant force delta F of S100, acquisition first variable amplitude rope 40 corresponding with current lifting weight and the second variable amplitude rope 70;
S200, regulate the actual speed of adjustable frequency motor according to △ F.
Preferably, the resultant force delta F of step S100, acquisition first variable amplitude rope 40 corresponding with current lifting weight and the second variable amplitude rope 70 comprises the following steps:
First obtain current lifting weight by the 3rd mechanics sensor 51 and act on the 3rd electric signal that suspension hook 50 makes suspension hook 50 produce;
Then process is carried out to the 3rd electric signal and obtain current lifting weight;
Finally obtain △ F according to current lifting weight.Here the 3rd mechanics sensor 51 is as the data acquisition element of current lifting weight.
Further preferably, carry out process to the 3rd electric signal to obtain current lifting weight and comprise the following steps: first by the A/D module of the 3rd electric signal input PLC, then the 3rd transform electrical signals is the 3rd digital signal by PLC, obtains current lifting weight finally by the computing of PLC internal processes.
Obtaining △ F according to current lifting weight is by the mathematical relation between current lifting weight and △ F, and this mathematical relation is that general equation derivation draws, does not repeat them here.
Preferably, S200, the actual speed of adjustable frequency motor is regulated to comprise the following steps according to △ F: first PLC calculates according to the △ F drawn the maximum operational speed v that amplitude variation trolley 60 allows under current lifting weight, the theoretical rotational speed of adjustable frequency motor when then calculating full power according to maximum operational speed v, the theoretic frequency of adjustable frequency motor is calculated according to theoretical rotational speed, PLC just can send frequency conversion instruction according to the theoretic frequency obtained to frequency converter, frequency converter is made to export corresponding actual frequency and virtual voltage, finally realize the adjustment of the actual speed of adjustable frequency motor.
Wherein, maximum operational speed v is undertaken by following formula:
P=ΔF·v=|F
1-F
2|·v; ①
In formula, P is the power of adjustable frequency motor, and △ F is making a concerted effort of the first variable amplitude rope 40 and the second variable amplitude rope 70, F
1be the tension force of the first variable amplitude rope 40, F
2be the tension force of the second variable amplitude rope 70, the maximum operational speed that v allows for amplitude variation trolley 60 under current lifting weight.
The frequency of adjustable frequency motor is undertaken by following formula:
②
In formula, n is the theoretical rotational speed of adjustable frequency motor, and f is the theoretic frequency of adjustable frequency motor, and s is revolutional slip, and p is the magnetic pole logarithm of adjustable frequency motor.
Formula 1. in v and formula 2. in n between there is mathematical relation, can draw n by obtaining v, and then draw f, mathematical relation is wherein general equation, does not repeat them here.
As can be seen from the above description, the above embodiments of the present invention achieve following technique effect:
1, with carrying with speed, the acceleration and deceleration performance that speed adjustable range is large and level and smooth, reduces luffing action to the impact of tower crane, improves the stationarity of tower crane running;
2, adjustable frequency motor full power uses, and improves the load factor of adjustable frequency motor;
3, realize luffing mechanism heavy-duty low-speed, underloading full power speed governing at a high speed, improve tower crane work efficiency and reduce operating cost.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.