CN103754119B - The straight electric locomotive brake unit of a kind of friendship - Google Patents

The straight electric locomotive brake unit of a kind of friendship Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103754119B
CN103754119B CN201410017470.9A CN201410017470A CN103754119B CN 103754119 B CN103754119 B CN 103754119B CN 201410017470 A CN201410017470 A CN 201410017470A CN 103754119 B CN103754119 B CN 103754119B
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braking
energy
braking energy
feedback module
pwm converter
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CN103754119A (en
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张志学
孙璐
刘可安
陈涛
马伯乐
李小平
罗继光
郭建
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CRRC Zhuzhou Institute Co Ltd
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CSR Zhuzou Institute Co Ltd
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Abstract

The open one of the present invention hands over straight electric locomotive brake unit, including braking energy modular converter and braking energy feedback module, the kinetic energy of traction motor during braking is converted into braking electric energy by braking energy modular converter, and the braking electric energy that braking energy modular converter is exported by braking energy feedback module carries out changing and being fed back to auxiliary device or the AC network of locomotive.The present invention have be capable of braking energy feedback, to reduce energy consumption, thermal pollution little and without the advantage changing locomotive circuit structure.

Description

The straight electric locomotive brake unit of a kind of friendship
Technical field
The present invention relates to hand over straight electric locomotive technical field, particularly relate to the straight electric locomotive brake unit of a kind of friendship.
Background technology
Resistive braking is a kind of mode of braking that railway locomotive is conventional, and its ultimate principle is the reversibility utilizing traction electric machine to run, and generally can be divided into conventional resistive mode of braking and back up resistive braking mode.When braking, traction motor is changed into electromotor, utilizes the inertia of train to rotate driving electric machine rotor and generate electricity by taking turns, thus produces torque reaction to consume the kinetic energy of train, reaching the purpose of braking, the electric current that motor sends then is dissipated with the form of heat energy by the special braking resistor arranged.Although resistive braking implementation method is simple, action effect is reliable, but its braking energy cannot recycling, and to need strength air cooler be that resistance provides heat radiation, further increases energy consumption.
AC-DC locomotive with Shaoshan SS4B type electric locomotive as representative uses traditional DC-drive form, uses series excitation formula pulsating current traction motor, and electric braking mode is back up resistive braking.The rectification circuit of locomotive is three sections of half control rectifier bridges of not decile of high-power thyristor and diode composition, being merely able to the one-way transmission realizing electric energy by Traction networks to locomotive, the electric energy therefore produced when locomotive brake is also merely able to change into heat energy by braking resistor and is melt in air.
As shown in Figure 1, the SS4B type electric locomotive main circuit when resistive braking operating mode simplifies structure, including handing over straight electric locomotive main circuit and braking resistor 31, handing over rectification circuit 11, smoothing reactor 12, direct current generator 13 and position changeover switch 14 that straight electric locomotive main circuit includes being sequentially connected with, wherein rectification circuit 11 is connected with tractive winding side a2-x2 and rectification circuit 11 is the three sections of half control rectifier bridges of not decile being made up of the first diode D3, the second diode D4 and the first IGCT T5, the second IGCT T6.Locomotive operation is when damped condition, position changeover switch 14 is placed in " braking " position, when locomotive speed is higher than 33km/h, it is in pure resistance on-position, the path of stalling current is: Up Highway UHW → smoothing reactor 12 → direct current generator, 13 armatures → position changeover switch 14 → braking resistor, 31 → Down Highway → the second diode D4 → the first diode D3 → Up Highway UHW, braking energy is merely able to change into thermal energy consumption by braking resistor 31 and dissipates.
Locomotive brake force is proportional to armature electric current, and after motor main excitation maximum constant, armature supply (i.e. stalling current) reduces along with the reduction of locomotive speed.Therefore, conventional resistive is braked when locomotive running speed is relatively low, retardation efficiency can decline to a great extent and even lose efficacy, for overcoming this situation, back up resistive braking absorbs electric energy from electrical network, it is that rotor feeds certain electric current and keeps constant, to obtain preferable maximum braking force steady state value when low speed is braked.When locomotive speed is less than 33km/h, locomotive is in back up resistive braking state, current path during back up resistive braking is: during the positive half cycle of power supply, and electric current is from a2 → the first diode D3 → Up Highway UHW → smoothing reactor 12 → direct current generator, 13 armatures → position changeover switch 14 → braking resistor, 31 → Down Highway → the second IGCT T6 → x2 → a2;During power supply negative half period, electric current is from x2 → the first IGCT T5 → Up Highway UHW → smoothing reactor 12 → direct current generator, 13 armatures → position changeover switch 14 → braking resistor, 31 → Down Highway → the second diode D4 → a2 → x2.
The braking electric energy produced when braking for AC-DC locomotive, can feed back to recycle in electrical network, with the pollution reducing heat energy that economizes on resources simultaneously.Regenerative braking is exactly the mode of braking grown up further on the basis of resistive braking, and the back electrical energy sent by braking procedure returns electrified railway power supply net, makes the kinetic energy become by electric energy be regenerated as electric energy rather than be converted into thermal energy consumption and dissipate.
As shown in Figure 2, the SS7 type possessing braking energy feedback function hands over straight electric locomotive main circuit to simplify structure, the 3rd IGCT TG1, the 4th IGCT TG2 is used to replace original first diode D3, the second diode D4, two articles of current paths are respectively constituted by the 3rd IGCT TG1 and the second IGCT T6, the 4th IGCT TG2 and the first IGCT T5, realize active inversion when braking, deliver to tractive transformer time limit winding by counter for braking energy.IGCT is used to replace original diode yet with the program so that its power factor is on the low side, harmonic wave is relatively big and pollutes electrical network, additionally needs electric power system to carry out suitable accessories rebuilding.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that the technical problem existed for prior art, the present invention provide a kind of simple and compact for structure, with low cost, be capable of the feedback of braking energy, to reduce energy consumption, thermal pollution little and without changing the friendship of locomotive circuit structure straight electric locomotive brake unit.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme that the present invention proposes is:
The straight electric locomotive brake unit of a kind of friendship, including braking energy modular converter and braking energy feedback module, the kinetic energy of traction motor during braking is converted into braking electric energy by described braking energy modular converter, and the braking electric energy that braking energy modular converter is exported by described braking energy feedback module carries out changing and being fed back to auxiliary device or the AC network of locomotive.
As a further improvement on the present invention: described braking energy feedback module uses at least one PWM converter.
As a further improvement on the present invention: described PWM converter uses Current-type PWM rectifier.
As a further improvement on the present invention: also include the braking energy consumable module with braking energy feedback wired in parallel, described braking energy consumable module consumes the braking electric energy of braking energy modular converter output when braking energy feedback module breaks down.
As a further improvement on the present invention: described braking energy consumable module uses braking resistor.
As a further improvement on the present invention: also include at least one cooling fan and at least one controller being connected with braking energy feedback module;Braking energy feedback module is dispelled the heat by described cooling fan, and described controller controls braking energy feedback module and is braked the conversion of energy.
As a further improvement on the present invention: described braking energy feedback module includes that 2 PWM converter in parallel, a controller and a cooling fan are connected with 2 PWM converter respectively.
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the current invention that:
1) present invention substitutes the dissipation of braking energy in traditional resistive braking mode by braking energy carries out feedback, when damped condition, the kinetic energy handing over straight electric locomotive is converted into braking electric energy, and electric energy feedback will be braked to locomotive auxiliary device or AC network, realize feedback and the recycling of braking energy, on the one hand can economize on resources, reduce energy consumption, and owing to the use of braking energy feedback module can also reduce the power of heat abstractor, reduce energy consumption further;On the other hand eliminate or reduce the thermal pollution caused by braking resistor and sound pollution that heat abstractor causes.
2) present invention uses PWM converter to realize the feedback of braking energy, a braking resistor in resistive braking AC-DC locomotive is replaced by a current transformer, implementation method is simple, it is capable of the transmitted in both directions of energy, can control ac-side current is sinusoidal wave and it is controlled with the phase relation of voltage, and then realize unity power factor inversion, effectively optimize the quality of power supply;Control to reduce further harmonic content by the misphase between current transformer, reduce the pollution to electrical network.
3) present invention uses Current-type PWM rectifier to realize the feedback of braking energy, when stalling current reduces with the reduction of locomotive speed, reduce the most accordingly, therefore, it is possible to realize electric energy feedback in the gamut of current fluctuation through the inverter current of Current-type PWM rectifier loopback.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the SS4B type electric locomotive main circuit when resistive braking operating mode simplifies structural representation.
Fig. 2 is that the SS7 type possessing braking energy feedback function hands over straight electric locomotive main circuit to simplify structural representation.
Fig. 3 is that the present invention hands over straight electric locomotive brake device structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the first concrete structure schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 5 is the first particular circuit configurations schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 6 is the second concrete structure schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 7 is the control principle structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1 the second concrete structure middle controller.
Fig. 8 is to hand over straight electric locomotive brake device structure schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 9 is to hand over straight electric locomotive brake unit particular circuit configurations schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Marginal data:
1, braking energy modular converter;11, rectification circuit;12, smoothing reactor;13, direct current generator;131, the first direct current generator;132, the second direct current generator;14, position changeover switch;2, braking energy feedback module;21, PWM converter;211, Current-type PWM rectifier;3, braking energy consumable module;31, braking resistor;4, cooling fan;5, controller.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and concrete preferred embodiment, the invention will be further described, but protection domain not thereby limiting the invention.
As shown in Figure 3, the present invention hands over straight electric locomotive brake device structure, including braking energy modular converter 1, braking energy feedback module 2, the kinetic energy of traction motor during braking is converted into braking electric energy by braking energy modular converter 1, and the braking electric energy that braking energy modular converter 1 is exported by braking energy feedback module 2 carries out changing and being fed back to auxiliary device or the AC network of locomotive.
The present invention substitutes the dissipation of braking energy in traditional resistive braking mode by braking energy carries out feedback, when damped condition, the kinetic energy handing over straight electric locomotive is converted into braking electric energy, and electric energy feedback will be braked to locomotive auxiliary device or AC network, realize feedback and the recycling of braking energy, on the one hand can economize on resources, reduce energy consumption, on the other hand eliminate the thermal pollution caused by braking resistor 31.
The present invention hands over straight electric locomotive braking energy device to can apply in the straight electric locomotive of multiple friendship, hands over by SS4B type below and illustrates as a example by straight electric locomotive.
Embodiment 1 :
As shown in Figure 4, the first concrete structure in the embodiment of the present invention 1, including the braking energy modular converter 1 being handed over straight electric locomotive main circuit to constitute by SS4B type, braking energy feedback module 2.SS4B type hands over straight electric locomotive main circuit to include rectification circuit 11, smoothing reactor 12, direct current generator 13 and the position changeover switch 14 being sequentially connected with, wherein the other end of rectification circuit 11 connects tractive winding a2-x2, and rectification circuit 11 is the three sections of half control rectifier bridges of not decile being made up of the first diode D3, the second diode D4, the first IGCT T5 and the second IGCT T6.Braking energy feedback module 2 uses a PWM converter 21, and one end of PWM converter 21 input connects the outfan of direct current generator 13, and the other end connects Down Highway, and the AC outfan of PWM converter 21 is then connected to tractive winding a2-x2.
During work, SS4B type handing over straight electric locomotive main circuit that the kinetic energy of traction motor during braking is converted into braking electric energy, the braking electric energy that main circuit exports is converted to alternating current and is fed back to tractive winding by PWM converter 21.
In the present embodiment, the AC outfan of PWM converter 21 may also connect to locomotive auxiliary device, is recycled by the braking energy of feedback.
The present invention uses PWM converter 21 to realize the feedback of braking energy, a braking resistor 31 in resistive braking mode is replaced by a current transformer, it is capable of the transmitted in both directions of energy, AC side of converter electric current can be realized for sine wave by control, the phase relation of ac-side current and voltage can be controlled simultaneously, and then realize unity power factor inversion, effectively optimize the quality of power supply.
In the present embodiment, PWM converter 21 uses Current-type PWM rectifier 211, as shown in Figure 5, the first particular circuit configurations in the embodiment of the present invention 1, PWM converter 21 uses single-phase electricity flow pattern PWM converter, one end of Current-type PWM rectifier 211 input connects the outfan of direct current generator 13, and the other end connects Down Highway, and the AC of Current-type PWM rectifier 211 is then connected to tractive winding a2-x2.Current-type PWM rectifier 211 includes the direct current energy storage inductor L being sequentially connected withdc, on-off circuit, filter circuit and chopper.Single-phase electricity flow pattern PWM converter, compared to single-phase electricity die mould PWM converter circuit, adds filter capacitor C, filter capacitor C at AC and forms filter circuit together with net side inductance L.On-off circuit is made up of four power switch pipe V1 ~ V4 and four diode VD1 ~ VD4, and each power switch pipe is forward connected a diode, blocks reverse current and improves the resistance to back-pressure ability of power switch pipe simultaneously.
In the present embodiment, status information is sent to network system by the control system of Current-type PWM rectifier 211, so that it can be monitored by drivers' cab.When Current-type PWM rectifier 211 occurs minor failure, blocking pwm pulse, drivers' cab can be sent out reset instruction and be resetted;When there is significant trouble, such as IGBT device damage etc., Current-type PWM rectifier 211 cut-off breaker, deactivate.
Locomotive operation is when traction working condition, and position changeover switch 14 is placed in " traction " position, and Current-type PWM rectifier 211 does not puts into operation;Locomotive enters damped condition, position changeover switch 14 is placed in " braking " position, sent instruction by controller 5 simultaneously and control chopper adhesive, starting current type PWM converter 211, Current-type PWM rectifier 211 is fed back to tractive winding after the braking electric energy of generation is converted to alternating current, it is achieved the feedback of braking energy.
The present invention uses Current-type PWM rectifier 211 to realize the feedback of braking energy, when stalling current reduces with the reduction of locomotive speed, the inverter current being recycled to tractive winding through Current-type PWM rectifier 211 reduces the most accordingly, therefore, it is possible to realize electric energy feedback in the gamut of current fluctuation.
In the present embodiment, Current-type PWM rectifier 211 uses direct current energy storage inductor Ldc, direct current energy storage inductor L in other embodimentsdcAlso can directly utilize smoothing reactor 12 existing in circuit to realize.
In this enforcement, PWM converter 21 is directly connected with tractive winding, can also be connected with tractive winding by a transformator in other embodiments, PWM converter 21 AC is connected to the former limit of transformator, the secondary of transformator is connected to tractive winding, is isolated by transformator between PWM converter 21 and tractive winding.
As shown in Figure 6, the second concrete structure in the embodiment of the present invention 1, including by the braking energy modular converter 1 handing over straight electric locomotive main circuit to constitute and braking energy feedback module 2, also include a cooling fan 4 and a controller 5, wherein braking energy modular converter 1 is essentially identical with the structure of braking energy modular converter 1 in embodiment 1, difference is to include two by smoothing reactor 12, direct current generator 13, the current branch of position changeover switch 14 composition, and direct current generator 13 is respectively adopted first direct current generator 131 of 1M in two branch roads, second direct current generator 132 of 2M.Braking energy feedback module 2 includes 2 PWM converter 21 in parallel, each one end of PWM converter 21 input is connected with the outfan of a current branch, the other end connects Down Highway, and 2 PWM converter 21 AC outfans are respectively connecting to tractive winding a1-x1 side, a2-x2 side.2 PWM converter 21 are connected with cooling fan 4, controller 5 respectively, by cooling fan 4,2 PWM converter 21 are dispelled the heat, controller 5 sends control instruction, pwm pulse to 2 PWM converter 21 respectively, controlling 2 PWM converter 21 by pwm pulse and change and be fed back to tractive winding to braking electric energy, control instruction controls cut-offfing of 2 PWM converter 21.In the present embodiment, a controller 5 control 21,2 PWM converter 21 of 2 PWM converter simultaneously and use a cooling fan 4 to dispel the heat, compared in traditional resistive braking mode, decrease the use of cooling fan 4, further reduce energy consumption.
As shown in Figure 7, the control principle of the embodiment of the present invention 1 the second concrete structure middle controller, controller 5 input exported by the direct current generator 13 of sensor acquisition DC current, the ac-side current of PWM converter 21, the voltage at tractive winding two ends, through internal algorithm and logic control program, output pwm pulse and control instruction are to PWM converter 21, pwm pulse controls PWM converter 21 to be changed braking electric energy, is controlled PWM converter 21 by control instruction simultaneously.
In the present embodiment, determined whether to put PWM converter 21 into operation according to external status and condition etc. by controller 5, PWM converter 21 if it is determined that put into operation and now is in normal Standby state, sends and closes chopper and start the control instruction of PWM converter 21;When there is minor failure, logic control program sends the control instruction of block pwm pulse after judging;When there is the significant trouble such as IGBT device damage, send the control instruction of cut-off breaker while block pwm pulse.
The present embodiment use a controller 5 control 2 PWM converter 21, a controller 5 can also be used in other embodiments to control three or more PWM converter 21, it is adjusted also dependent on the radiating requirements of PWM converter 21 and the performance of cooling fan 4, uses a cooling fan 4 for the heat radiation of three or more PWM converter 21.
The present embodiment connects under same tractive transformer 2 PWM converter 21, multiple PWM converter 21 under the most same tractive transformer, can also be connected.Connect 2 under same tractive transformer or during multiple PWM converter 21, control to carry out misphase operation between each PWM converter 21, i.e. control the carrier wave in each PWM converter 21 and be staggered mutually certain phase place, to reduce harmonics level further.
In the present invention, braking energy feedback module 2 uses air-cooled structure and without increasing heat abstractor, can dispel the heat to directly utilize cooling fan 4 existing in resistive braking mode, even can reduce the power of cooling fan 4, thus reduce energy consumption further and sound pollution that cooling fan 4 causes.
Embodiment 2 :
As shown in Figure 8, the embodiment of the present invention 2 is handed over straight electric locomotive brake device structure, including braking energy modular converter 1 and braking energy feedback module 2, also include the braking energy consumable module 3 in parallel with braking energy feedback module 2.The kinetic energy of traction motor during braking is converted into braking electric energy by braking energy modular converter 1, and the braking electric energy that braking energy modular converter 1 is exported by braking energy feedback module 2 carries out changing and being fed back to auxiliary device or the AC network of locomotive;Braking energy consumable module 3 consumes braking electric energy when braking energy feedback module 2 breaks down.
Owing to once handing over the braking energy feedback module 2 of straight electric locomotive to break down, permutation car can lose partial brake power so that reliability can not get ensureing.
The present invention under normal circumstances time; the braking electric energy exported by braking energy modular converter 1 by braking energy feedback module 2 carries out feedback; when braking energy feedback module 2 occurs emergency to shut down; start braking energy consumable module 3; consume the braking electric energy of braking energy modular converter 1 output, it is ensured that the normal braking operation of locomotive.
As shown in Figure 9, the embodiment of the present invention 2 is handed over straight electric locomotive brake unit particular circuit configurations, braking energy modular converter 1 is handed over straight electric locomotive main circuit to constitute and identical with the structure of braking energy modular converter 1 in embodiment 1 by SS4B type, braking energy feedback module 2 uses a PWM converter 21, and braking energy consumable module 3 uses braking resistor 31.
In the present embodiment, braking resistor 31 and PWM converter 21 are installed simultaneously, start PWM converter 21 in the ordinary course of things, perform regenerative braking, the braking energy produced in braking procedure is carried out feedback;When PWM converter 21 occurs emergency to shut down, braking resistor 31 is come into operation, it is ensured that the normal braking operation of locomotive.
Above-mentioned simply presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not makees any pro forma restriction to the present invention.Although the present invention is disclosed above with preferred embodiment, but it is not limited to the present invention.Any those of ordinary skill in the art, in the case of without departing from technical solution of the present invention scope, technical solution of the present invention is made many possible variations and modification by the technology contents that all may utilize the disclosure above, or is revised as the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations.Therefore, every content without departing from technical solution of the present invention, according to the technology of the present invention essence to any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent variations and modification, all should fall in the range of technical solution of the present invention is protected.

Claims (6)

1. hand over straight electric locomotive brake unit for one kind, it is characterized in that: include braking energy modular converter (1) and braking energy feedback module (2), the kinetic energy of traction motor during braking is converted into braking electric energy by described braking energy modular converter (1), and the braking electric energy that braking energy modular converter (1) is exported by described braking energy feedback module (2) carries out changing and being fed back to auxiliary device or the AC network of locomotive;Described braking energy feedback module (2) uses at least one PWM converter (21), one end of described PWM converter (21) input connects the outfan of direct current generator (13) by position changeover switch (14), the other end connects Down Highway, and the AC outfan of PWM converter (21) is then connected to the auxiliary device of tractive winding or locomotive.
Friendship the most according to claim 1 straight electric locomotive brake unit, it is characterised in that: described PWM converter (21) uses Current-type PWM rectifier (211).
Friendship the most according to claim 1 and 2 straight electric locomotive brake unit, it is characterized in that: also include the braking energy consumable module (3) in parallel with braking energy feedback module (2), described braking energy consumable module (3) consumes the braking electric energy that braking energy modular converter (1) exports when braking energy feedback module (2) breaks down.
Friendship the most according to claim 3 straight electric locomotive brake unit, it is characterised in that: described braking energy consumable module (3) uses braking resistor (31).
Friendship the most according to claim 4 straight electric locomotive brake unit, it is characterised in that: also include at least one cooling fan (4) and at least one controller (5) being connected with braking energy feedback module (2);Braking energy feedback module (2) is dispelled the heat by described cooling fan (4), and described controller (5) controls braking energy feedback module (2) and is braked the conversion of energy.
Friendship the most according to claim 5 straight electric locomotive brake unit, it is characterized in that: described braking energy feedback module (2) includes that 2 PWM converter in parallel (21), a controller (5) and a cooling fan (4) are connected with 2 PWM converter (21) respectively.
CN201410017470.9A 2014-01-15 2014-01-15 The straight electric locomotive brake unit of a kind of friendship Active CN103754119B (en)

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CN105730251B (en) * 2014-12-09 2018-08-21 株洲南车时代电气股份有限公司 Over-pressed copped wave energy consumption balance control system applied to train
CN108750838A (en) * 2018-08-24 2018-11-06 重庆迈高电梯有限公司 A kind of elevator control system
CN113361835B (en) * 2020-03-03 2023-07-07 中车时代电动汽车股份有限公司 Method and device for evaluating comprehensive efficiency of electric drive product

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