CN103746646B - Improve the structure of solar panel generating efficiency and utilize the ecological house of this mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of structure improving solar panel generating efficiency of the present invention and utilize the ecological house of this mechanism, roof is provided with some east-west rotary shafts, and in each rotary shaft, weld solar-cell panel support and mirror surface support, cell panel face on solar-cell panel support is mutually perpendicular to the minute surface on mirror surface support, so that direct reflection sunlight is to cell panel face, spacing is had between the mirror surface support that the present invention is adjacent, can ensure that cell panel part sunlight between the four seasons all can receive sufficient sunlight and make divide spring and autumn leaks into room for plantation or cultivation, utilize the present invention, the generated energy of solar panel can be improved, and photovoltaic industry is combined with agricultural, to utilize solar energy in maximum efficiency, cost of investment is greatly reduced simultaneously, achieve the multiple utilization in soil.

Description

Improve the structure of solar panel generating efficiency and utilize the ecological house of this mechanism

Technical field

The invention belongs to technical field of new energy application, improve solar panel generating effect particularly to one The structure of rate and utilize the ecological house of this mechanism.

Background technology

Ecologic structure room has another name called ecological photovoltaic plant, is basis based on photovoltaic plant, is supporting that photovoltaic is sent out The structure of the green environmental protection that Support agriculture produces while Electricity Functional.

At present the installation method of photovoltaic plant mainly takes two ways:

One is that constant tilt face is installed: solar panel faces direction, due south, forms an angle with ground, Its value is about local latitude value.

Two be tracking axis install: utilize electric machine rotation tracking axis, make as far as possible solar panel just to the sun, Uniaxiality tracking and double-axis tracking can be divided into.

For first kind of way, it has the drawback that 1, specific investment is expensive, and period of cost recovery is long；2、 The production process of solar panel is seriously polluted；3, the floor space of unit power is huge.

For the second way, it has the drawback that 1, install with constant tilt face compared with, initially throw Money cost is bigger；2, operation stability is poor, and maintenance cost is high.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of raising solar-electricity The structure of pond plate generating efficiency and utilize the ecological house of this mechanism, can improve the generated energy of solar panel, And photovoltaic industry is combined with agricultural, to utilize solar energy in maximum efficiency.

To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is:

A kind of structure improving solar panel generating efficiency, including for reflexing to the sun by sunlight The mirror surface structure of energy cell panel, described mirror surface structure and solar panel share a rotary shaft, utilize Motor controls rotary shaft and adjusts the angle of minute surface and incident ray, and then adjustment reflexes to solar panel Light.Can be used in the engineerings such as distributed photovoltaic power station, photovoltaic water-raising, and twin shaft tracing system day by day, Only need to keep the angle of minute surface and incident ray, can further improve generated energy.

Described rotary shaft is trunnion axis, is connected on longitudinal swinging strut, by swinging strut and rotation Rotating freely so that the solar panel in rotary shaft is towards the position of amount of radiation maximum of axle, improves and sends out Electricity, wherein the anglec of rotation of swinging strut is consistent with solar azimuth.

Structure based on above-mentioned raising solar panel generating efficiency, the invention provides a kind of ecological house, Roof is provided with some east-west rotary shafts, and in each rotary shaft, welds solaode Board mount and mirror surface support, the cell panel face on solar-cell panel support and the minute surface phase on mirror surface support It is the most vertical, so that direct reflection sunlight is to cell panel face.

Preferably, between adjacent mirror surface support, there is spacing,WithEnsure that cell panel all can receive in the four seasons Sufficient sunlight is alsoMakeBetween spring and autumn dividesPart sunlight leaks into room for plantation or cultivation。

Preferably, described specular reflectivity is more than 0.9.

Preferably, described rotary shaft connects motor, props up with minute surface controlling solar-cell panel support Frame is with the angle between sunlight.

Preferably,Described solar-cell panel support is enclosed within described rotary shaft, solar-cell panel support Connecting and have a stand-by motor, stand-by motor controls the rotation of cell panel face and fits to minute surface.

Preferably, the angle of described minute surface and incident sunlight is controlledSo that direct reflection Sunlight arrives on cell panel face equably, the angle on sunlight and ground projected angle in North and South directionMinute surface and the included angle X 2=λ 1-λ on ground；Wherein L is that cell panel face is being perpendicular to rotation Length in rotor shaft direction, L1 is minute surface in the length being perpendicular on rotary shaft direction, and φ is for installing ground weft Degree, δ for installing declination angle,N is the natural law in a year.

Preferably, when declination angle δ spends for-23.45, the beeline of adjacent rotary shaft

L2=L1cos λ 2+Lsin λ 2-(L1sin λ 2-Lcos λ 2) cot λ 1, leaks into the length of sunlight in room

L3=L2+L1(sinλ2cotλ1-cosλ2)-L(sinλ2+cosλ2cotλ1)。

Preferably, described motor connects processor, under the control of a processor, makes rotary shaft every It work twice, before sunrise, rotation makes minute surface and ground angle be that λ 2 is to accept the maximum amount of radiation, sunset Rear rotation makes solar panel enter in room.

Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

1, specific investment reduces, and period of cost recovery shortens.

2, needed for unit power, solar panel is greatly decreased, and alleviates it and produces pollution.

3, compared with installing with constant tilt face, unit are cell panel generated energy many 30% when installing is followed the tracks of day by day To 40%, the present invention then many about 80%, and generating efficiency is high.

4, good operation stability, can Artificial Control risk.

5, agricultural production industry is introduced, it is achieved the multiple utilization in soil.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is present configuration schematic diagram (in terms of direction, due south).

Fig. 2 is present configuration schematic diagram (in terms of direction, due east).

Fig. 3 is that sunlight irradiates and rotary shaft anglec of rotation relation schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is cell panel rotary structure schematic diagram of the present invention.

The sunlight incidence figure of (δ=0) when Fig. 5 is present invention Summer Solstice or the Winter Solstice in spring and autumn, diagonal line hatches part is not for insert electricity During machine, the cell panel at the night region built when position A.After some dash area is for inserting motor, night is electric Pond plate when position B, the region built having more.

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that cell panel of the present invention enters in room.

Fig. 7 is the structural representation removing mirror surface support with battery board bracket.

Fig. 8 is that rotary shaft of the present invention makes the minute surface included angle X 2 with horizontal plane equal to sun altitude α by rotation Deduct the schematic diagram of the difference of λ.

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings with embodiment.

A kind of structure improving solar panel generating efficiency of the present invention, including for reflecting sunlight To the mirror surface structure of solar panel, described mirror surface structure and solar panel share a rotary shaft, Utilize motor to control rotary shaft and adjust the angle of minute surface and incident ray, and then adjustment reflexes to solar-electricity The light of pond plate.

Invention also provides a kind of ecological house utilizing this mechanism, on roof: utilize mirror reflective Characteristic, suitably controls the angle of mirror and solar panel, makes cell panel accept the more substantial sun Radiation, improves generated energy.In room: the sunlight utilizing roof to leak into carries out planting or aquaculture industry.

Specifically, Fig. 1 is the ecological house front view looked over from direction, due south, and thing both sides are contour Body of wall 1, distance is w, and the rotary shaft 2 that height is h is installed at the top of body of wall 1 at a certain distance, Controlled to rotate by motor.Solar-cell panel support 3 and mirror surface support 4, battery is welded in rotary shaft 2 Plate face 5 on solar-cell panel support 3, minute surface 6 on mirror surface support 4, cell panel face 5 and mirror Face 6 is mutually perpendicular to, and two faces are relative, so that sunlight can be reflexed to cell panel face 5 by minute surface 6.

As illustrated in fig. 2, it is assumed that the length in cell panel face 5 (direction being perpendicular to rotary shaft 2 is its length Direction) it is L, the length (direction being perpendicular to rotary shaft 2 is its length direction) of minute surface 6 is L1, So step motor control rotary shaft 2, when to make minute surface 6 and sunlight angle be λ, the sun of minute surface 6 reflection Light can arrive on cell panel face 5 equably, and λ is obtained by formula (1).It is φ when installing ground latitude, declination angle During for δ, sunlight can be obtained by formula (2) at the projected angle λ 1 in North and South direction of the angle with ground, mirror The included angle X 2 on face 6 and ground can be obtained by formula (3).

$\mathrm{\λ}=\arctan \frac{L}{L1}---\left(1\right)$

$\mathrm{\λ}1=\frac{\mathrm{\π}}{2}+\mathrm{\δ}-\mathrm{\φ}---\left(2\right)$

λ 2=λ 1-λ (3)

Wherein, declination angle δ can be obtained by formula (4), and n is the natural law in a year

$\mathrm{\δ}=23.45\sin \frac{360(n+284)}{365}---\left(4\right)$

When included angle X 1 is minimum, i.e., when declination angle δ is-23.45 degree (before and after the winter solstice), can calculate Go out beeline L2 of adjacent rotary shaft, such as formula (5).

L2=L1 cos λ 2+L sin λ 2-(L1 sin λ 2-L cos λ 2) cot λ 1 (5)

Again as it is shown on figure 3, when rotary shaft distance is for L2, then leak into the length of sunlight in photovoltaic ecological house Degree L3 can be calculated by formula (6).

L3=L2+L1 (sin λ 2 cot λ 1-cos λ 2)-L (sin λ 2+cos λ 2 cot λ 1) (6)

The length of L3 is the longest in summer, and spring and autumn takes second place, and winter is the shortest.If the spacing of actual rotary shaft is L2+x (x is length nargin), it is proposed that during with the Summer Solstice or the Winter Solstice in spring and autumn (δ=0), with a length of standard of L3+x, Suitable spring, summer, the crops of three seasonal growths of autumn are planted on ground.

Utilize the principle of the present invention, also can open a position the building such as storehouse, house at non-planting area.The most permissible Utilize land resource fully.It is intended to build when building, in rotary shaft 2, preferably inserts a stand-by motor more, Solar-cell panel support 3 is then socketed in rotary shaft 2, it is possible to rotate about.So can be first by electricity Pond plate rotates to pressing close to minute surface, then minute surface is threaded to level, can save height space, such as Fig. 4.In Fig. 4 The part that cell panel intersects with mirror surface support can be realized by dislocation supporting structure.

The sunlight incidence figure of (δ=0) when being the Summer Solstice or the Winter Solstice in spring and autumn such as Fig. 5, diagonal line hatches part is not for insert electricity During machine, the cell panel at the night region built when position A.After some dash area is for inserting motor, night Cell panel when position B, the region built having more.Wherein can planting area starting point to the level of rotary shaft Distance L4 can be obtained by formula (7)

L4=L (sin λ 2+cos λ 2 cot λ 1)+h cot λ 1 (7)

Generally, rotary shaft 2 can be made to work twice every day, i.e. when sunrise, rotary shaft 2 works, Making minute surface 6 and ground angle is λ 2, in order to accept the maximum amount of radiation.When sunset, rotary shaft 2 works, Making cell panel face 5 enter in room, in order to avoid being affected by strong wind at night etc., reaching to protect the effect of cell panel, As shown in Figure 6.If weather display will have blast to wreak havoc, cell panel can be made in advance to rotate in room, it is to avoid Loss.Implementation method is as follows, builds a control room, by the movement time of computer for analysis motor in structure room With movement range, direction etc., finally by wired or wireless signal, the signal that motor action is relevant is issued electricity Machine, it is achieved in big region, motor is uniformly controlled.It is preferably provided an anemobiagraph, if the adopting of anemobiagraph Sample value display wind speed reaches warning value, or weather forecast display vile weather occurs, even artificial observation has Vile weather will occur, can control motor by computer (can be manually) automatically and rotate, it is to avoid loss.Also A baffle plate can be added at panel backside certain angle, take shelter from rain for it.

In setting on structural parameters, the height h of rotary shaft 2 should be greater than cell panel length L and building height Sum.Rotary shaft width w and cell panel length L determine the weight of rotational structure, should be in conjunction with power of motor Set, meet the condition that motor normally works.

Can analyzing examples correlative connection from above-mentioned principle.Owing to fine day is maximum on the impact of generated energy, and photovoltaic The addressing in power station, in the many place of fine day, discusses the situation of annual fine day at this.If specular reflectivity is 0.9, Minute surface 6 length is n times of cell panel face 5 length, i.e. L1=nL, and the amount of radiation that at this moment cell panel accepts is solid During Dingan County's dress m times, then the relation of n Yu m such as table 1.Owing to cell panel generated energy almost accepts with it Amount of radiation proportional, it is seen that this structure of ecological house can be substantially improved cell panel generated energy, and ratio is fixing Can the multiple electricity of about 80% during installation.

The relation table of table 1 n Yu m

As a example by L1=2.75L, the shortest spacing L2 of rotary shaft can be calculated, and during fixed installation cell panel Shortest spacing, makees to compare such as table 2.From table 2 it can be seen that the minimum spacing of ecological house rotary shaft is with fixing The minimum spacing of dress becomes 2 times of relations, it is contemplated that the reception amount of radiation of ecological house is also about the latter 2 times, then single The land area change that position power takies is little.

Table 2 ecological house and the comparison fixedly mounting cell panel shortest spacing

If carrying out plant husbandry in photovoltaic ecological house, with spring and autumn to time L3 for the shortest planting area length, that The shortest planting area length such as table 3 of each latitude such as shows.Finding from table 3, the ratio of L3 with L2 is the most not enough Enough height, if improving row pond-culture industry, available region is bigger.

The shortest planting area length of each latitude of table 3

The present invention is expansible to be applied in the engineerings such as distributed photovoltaic power station, photovoltaic water-raising, logical in technical scheme Cross direct reflection and rotary shaft to control to improve the method for cell panel generating efficiency and can be applicable to twin shaft and follow the trail of system day by day System, only need to keep the angle of minute surface and incident ray, can further improve generated energy.

As Fig. 7 is the structure chart removing mirror surface support with battery board bracket, by swinging strut 7 and rotary shaft 2 Rotate freely cell panel 5 in rotary shaft 2 can be made towards the maximum position of amount of radiation, improve generated energy. The anglec of rotation of swinging strut 7 should be consistent with solar azimuth, and such cell panel can rely on rotary shaft 2 Rotate just to the sun.And in the technical program, as shown in Figure 8, rotary shaft 2 should make minute surface 6 by rotation It is equal to sun altitude α with the included angle X 2 of horizontal plane and deducts the difference of λ.

This expanded application can make same area cell panel generated energy be about 2.25 times during the installation of constant tilt face, But relatively costly as traditional method for tracing day by day, stability is not enough, but than traditional tracking side day by day Method generated energy is big.

Claims (3)

1. utilize the ecological house of structure improving solar panel generating efficiency, described structure include for Sunlight reflexes to the mirror surface structure of solar panel, and described mirror surface structure is with solar panel altogether By a rotary shaft, cell panel face is mutually perpendicular to minute surface, and two faces are relative, utilizes motor to control rotation Rotating shaft adjusts the angle of minute surface and incident ray, and then adjusts the light reflexing to solar panel；

It is characterized in that, roof is provided with some east-west rotary shafts, and in each rotary shaft Upper welding solar-cell panel support and mirror surface support, the cell panel face on solar-cell panel support and mirror Minute surface on the support of face is mutually perpendicular to, so that direct reflection sunlight is to cell panel face；

Spacing is had, to ensure that cell panel all can receive sufficient sunlight in the four seasons between adjacent mirror surface support And part sunlight leaks into room for plantation or cultivation between making divide spring and autumn；

Described rotary shaft connects motor, to control solar-cell panel support and the same sunlight of mirror surface support Between angle, control the angle of minute surface and incident sunlightSo that the sunlight of direct reflection Arrive equably on cell panel face, the angle on sunlight and ground projected angle in North and South directionMinute surface and the included angle X 2=λ 1-λ on ground；L is that cell panel face is being perpendicular to rotary shaft Length on direction, L1 is minute surface in the length being perpendicular on rotary shaft direction, and φ is for installing ground latitude, δ For installing declination angle, ground,N is the natural law in a year, when declination angle δ is-23.45 When spending, beeline L2=L1cos λ 2+Lsin λ 2-(L1sin λ 2-Lcos λ 2) the cot λ 1 of adjacent rotary shaft, leak in room Length L3=L2+L1 (sin λ 2cot λ 1-cos the λ 2)-L (sin λ 2+cos λ 2cot λ 1) of sunlight, institute State motor connection and have processor, under the control of a processor, make rotary shaft work twice every day, day Rotate before going out make minute surface and ground angle be λ 2 to accept the maximum amount of radiation, post sunset rotation makes solar energy Cell panel enters in room.

Ecological house the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described specular reflectivity is 0.9 Above.

Ecological house the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described solar-cell panel support Being enclosed within described rotary shaft, solar-cell panel support connects a stand-by motor, and stand-by motor controls Cell panel face rotates fits to minute surface.