CN103746185B - A kind of miniaturized fractal ultra-wideband symmetrical ring-element combination antenna - Google Patents
A kind of miniaturized fractal ultra-wideband symmetrical ring-element combination antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN103746185B CN103746185B CN201410035461.2A CN201410035461A CN103746185B CN 103746185 B CN103746185 B CN 103746185B CN 201410035461 A CN201410035461 A CN 201410035461A CN 103746185 B CN103746185 B CN 103746185B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of pocket super-broadband symmetrical ring-element combination antenna with fractal structure, the present invention is the top layer radiating element arranged of identical, the antisymmetry of project organization and bottom radiating element respectively on medium substrate within the scope of 2-20 at dielectric constant, and top layer, bottom radiating element form by anti-pode half loop radiation unit, polygon oscillator unit; By metallization via hole, top layer anti-pode half loop radiation unit and bottom anti-pode half loop radiation unit are coupled together, form a symmetrical ring, be combined into complete antenna element with symmetrical dipole.The present invention has the advantages such as novel structure, volume is little, cost of manufacture is cheap, and it is insensitive to installation occasion, can directly and the radio circuit of differential configuration integrate, and do not add fractal symmetrical ring-element combination antenna and contrast, fractal structure used reduces the size of antenna.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of miniaturized fractal ultra-wideband symmetrical ring-element combination antenna, belong to microwave technical field.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the development of wireless communication technology, Ultra-wideband Communication Technology attention.It is generally acknowledged, the antenna of relative bandwidth more than 25% belongs to ultra-wideband antenna, Ultra-wideband Communication Technology has that transmission rate is high, strong anti-interference performance, very bandwidth are wide, good confidentiality, the feature such as with low cost, has broad application prospects at the numerous areas such as radio communication, microwave imaging.On the other hand, for ultra-wideband communications, not only require that ultra-wideband antenna has good impedance matching property, stable radiation directivity, the gain characteristic of relatively flat and polarization characteristic in its working band, and wish that antenna volume is enough little, with low cost, be convenient to processing and install.
Traditional ultra-wideband antenna, as helical antenna, logarithm periodic antenna and cone antenna etc., although all have ultra broadband characteristic, they have plenty of stereochemical structure, are unfavorable for compact applications.In order to realize the miniaturization of antenna, under ensureing that antenna has good impedance matching property, stable radiation directivity, the gain characteristic of relatively flat and polarization characteristic condition in working band, in order to improve the gain of antenna, make its greatest irradiation beam position be parallel to (that is: end-fire characteristic) on the direction of antenna place plane, to meet the needs of " point-to-point " application (as: short-range high speed document read-write system), the present invention is by a kind of miniaturized fractal ultra wide band antenna structure newly of proposition.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved of the present invention is for background technology Problems existing, a kind of combined antenna by the fractal symmetrical dipole that forms and anti-pode line of rabbet joint radiating element is proposed, the contrast of this combined antenna does not add fractal structural antenna, there is better low frequency characteristic, its novel structure, volume are little, section size is extremely low and be convenient to make realize, can directly and front radio-frequency circuit integrate.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme for solving above technical problem:
A kind of miniaturized fractal ultra-wideband symmetrical ring-element combination antenna, comprises medium substrate (1), top layer anti-pode line of rabbet joint radiating element (2), bottom anti-pode line of rabbet joint radiating element (3), top layer oscillator unit (4), bottom oscillator unit (5), described top layer anti-pode line of rabbet joint radiating element (2) and top layer oscillator unit (4) form the top layer that the printing of top layer radiating element is arranged on medium substrate (1), described bottom anti-pode line of rabbet joint radiating element (3) and bottom oscillator unit (5) form the bottom that the printing of bottom radiating element is arranged on medium substrate (1), wherein top layer radiating element and bottom radiative unit structure and measure-alike, and arrange relative to medium substrate (1) antisymmetry, described top layer oscillator unit (4) and bottom oscillator unit (5) all have fractal structure (7), described fractal structure (7) comprises the horizontal fractal structure in upper edge (8), the horizontal fractal structure in lower edge (9), vertical fractal structure (10), the horizontal fractal structure in described upper edge (8) is symmetrical along oscillator unit center line with the horizontal fractal structure in lower edge (9), the horizontal fractal structure in described upper edge (8) comprising: respectively dig three rectangles in bottom oscillator unit (4) with the upper edge of top layer oscillator unit (5) and form the first spill district (11) respectively, second spill district (12), 3rd spill district (13), three limits in the second spill district (12) respectively add a square area (15), on the edge of the first spill district (11) towards the second spill district (12), second spill district (12) is towards on the edge in the 3rd spill district (13), and the 3rd spill district (13) on the edge of oscillator unit vertical side edge, respectively add a square area (15), described vertical fractal structure (10) comprising: respectively add two square area (14), in the centre of two square area (14) along vertical line adding a square area (15) in top layer oscillator unit (4) and the vertical edges place of bottom oscillator unit (5), a square area (15) is respectively added below in the upper of two square area (14), described top layer anti-pode line of rabbet joint radiating element (2) and bottom anti-pode line of rabbet joint radiating element (3) are anti-pode half loop radiation unit, be communicated with up and down, form a symmetrical ring by metallization via hole (6), described top layer anti-pode line of rabbet joint radiating element (2) and bottom anti-pode line of rabbet joint radiating element (3) respectively have a upper hypotenuse, cut out a rectangular region (16) in the midpoint of upper hypotenuse.
Further optimize as pocket super-broadband symmetrical ring-element combination antenna of the present invention: the dielectric constant range of described medium substrate (1) is 2-20.
Described first spill district (11), the 3rd spill district (13) are of a size of: long: 1-1.5mm, wide: 0.3-0.5mm; The length in described second spill district (12): 1-2mm, wide: 0.5-1mm; The length of side of square area (14): 0.8-1.2mm in vertical fractal structure (10); Square (15) length of side: 0.2-0.5mm; The length of rectangular region (16): 2.5-3.5mm, wide: 0.5-1.5mm.
Further optimize as pocket super-broadband symmetrical ring-element combination antenna of the present invention: there is between the grading structure of described bottom anti-pode half loop radiation unit (3) and the grading structure of top layer anti-pode half loop radiation unit (2) angle of declination (17) and top rade (18) respectively; The scope of wherein said angle of declination (17) is: 86 ° to 90 °, and the scope of described top rade (18) is: 21 ° to 31 °; Described top layer oscillator unit (4) and bottom oscillator unit (5) all have distributing point inclination angle (19); The scope of wherein said distributing point inclination angle (19) is: 13 ° to 81 °.
Further optimize as pocket super-broadband symmetrical ring-element combination antenna of the present invention: the number of described metallization via hole is 1-5.
Further optimize as pocket super-broadband symmetrical ring-element combination antenna of the present invention: described top layer oscillator unit (4) and bottom oscillator unit (5) adopt symmetrical dual feed structure to carry out feed.
The present invention adopts technique scheme, has following technique effect:
The present invention is by adopting fractal structure, effectively increase the electrical length of antenna, the impedance bandwidth of antenna be 2.8GHz-11.69GHz(by return loss lower than-10dB), ratio reaches 4.17:1, and there is same volume, do not add the contrast antenna of fractal structure, lowest operating frequency is 3.28GHz, and bandwidth ratio is 3.7:1, and in working band, fractal structure improves 1.5dBi than the gain flatness not adding fractal structure.While this antenna realizes wideband operation characteristic, also adopt the structure of full symmetric, size is little, novel structure, and manufacture craft is simple, and cost of manufacture is cheap.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is Facad structure and the reference coordinate schematic diagram of antenna.
Fig. 2 is side structure and the reference coordinate schematic diagram of antenna.
Fig. 3 is the antenna return loss characteristic curve utilizing IE3D software to calculate.
Fig. 4 is the antenna pattern adopting IE3D software to calculate.
Fig. 5 is the antenna gain curve adopting IE3D software to calculate.
Number in the figure: 1 is medium substrate, 2 is top layer anti-pode half loop radiation unit, 3 is bottom anti-pode half loop radiation unit, 4 is top layer oscillator unit, 5 is bottom oscillator unit, 6 is metallization via holes, 7 is fractal structures of oscillator unit entirety, 8 is the horizontal fractal structures in upper edge, 9 is the horizontal fractal structures in lower edge, 10 is vertical fractal structures, 11, 12, 13 is three rectangles that upper edge and lower edge cut out respectively, 14 is added squares in vertical edges, 15 is added squares on multiple limit, 16 is rectangles that hypotenuse digs on anti-pode half loop radiation unit, 17, 18 is angle of declinations of top layer anti-pode half loop radiation unit 2 and bottom anti-pode half loop radiation unit 3, top rade, 19 is distributing point inclination angles of top layer oscillator unit 4 and bottom oscillator unit 5.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail:
Contrast accompanying drawing 1, Fig. 2, the present invention proposes a kind of miniaturized fractal ultra-wideband symmetrical ring-element combination antenna, its structure is: antenna is produced on medium substrate 1, and radiating element is made up of top layer radiating element and bottom radiating element, and both structures, size are identical; Top layer radiating element is made up of top layer anti-pode half loop radiation unit 2 and top layer oscillator unit 4 respectively, and bottom radiating element is made up of bottom anti-pode half loop radiation unit 3 and bottom oscillator unit 5 respectively; Top layer radiating element and bottom radiating element are coupled together by the via hole 6 that metallizes.
The center on top layer anti-pode half loop radiation unit 2 and bottom anti-pode half loop radiation unit 3 hypotenuse edge thereon cuts rectangular region 16; This structure adopts an iteration, and when antenna size is constant, near making 7.5GHz corresponding to anti-pode half loop inner side slot line length, frequency range return loss is less than-10dB, reaches broadband characteristic.
Top layer oscillator unit 4 and bottom oscillator unit 5 have fractal structure 7; This structure adopts twice iteration, concave regions 11,12,13 and square area 14 form an iteration, added square area 15 forms second iteration, more effectively takes up space, and makes the energy that it can effectively be coupled from feeding transmission line to free space in very little space.The fractal space filling size of antenna that makes is reduced, and effectively increases the electrical length of antenna, makes the comparatively conventional aerial reduction by more than 10% of lower limit operating frequency, maintains the characteristic of small sized wide-band.
Described fractal structure 7 comprises the horizontal fractal structure in upper edge 8, the horizontal fractal structure 9 in lower edge, vertical fractal structure 10; The horizontal fractal structure in described upper edge 8 is symmetrical along oscillator unit center line with the horizontal fractal structure 9 in lower edge.
The horizontal fractal structure 8 in described upper edge comprises: respectively cut out three rectangles in bottom oscillator unit 4 with the upper edge of top layer oscillator unit 5 and form the first spill district 12 of spill district 11, second, the 3rd spill district 13 respectively, three limits in the second spill district 12 respectively add a square area 15, lead on the edge in the second spill district 12 in the first spill district 11, second spill district 12 leads on the edge in the 3rd spill district 13, and the 3rd spill district 13 respectively adds a square area 15 on the edge of oscillator unit vertical side edge.
Described vertical fractal structure 10 comprises: respectively add two square area 14, in the centre of two square area 14 along vertical line adding a square area 15 in top layer oscillator unit 4 and the vertical edges place of bottom oscillator unit 5; A square area 15 is respectively added below in the upper of two square area 14;
Top layer anti-pode half loop radiation unit 2 and bottom anti-pode half loop radiation unit 3 all adopt approximate inverted L-shaped grading structure and all contain angle of declination structure 17 and top rade structure 18, and its scope is respectively 86 °-90 °, 21 °-31 °; Top layer oscillator unit 4 and bottom oscillator unit 5 on common printing vibrator, cut part drift angle and formed, and they all contain distributing point inclination angle 19, and its scope is 13 °-81 °.
Contrast accompanying drawing 3, accompanying drawing 3 are medium substrates 1 according to relative dielectric constant be 2.2, thick be 1 millimeter, the number of metallization via hole 6 according to 4, the radius of via hole is 0.2 millimeter of design, in fractal structure 7, the length of rectangle 11 and 13: 1mm, wide: 0.5mm; Rectangle 12 is long: 2mm, wide: 1mm; Square 14 length of sides: 1mm; Square 15 length of sides: 0.5mm; Rectangle 16 is long: 3mm, wide: 1mm; In top layer and bottom anti-pode half loop radiation unit angle of declination 17 according to 86.5 °, top rade 18 is according to 26.4 °, when distributing point inclination angle 19 in top layer and bottom oscillator unit is implemented according to 80 °, utilize the antenna return loss characteristic that IE3D Software simulation calculation obtains.Visible according to the result of Fig. 3, this antenna has wider impedance bandwidth.
Reference frame in contrast accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 4,5, accompanying drawing 4 (a)-(f) sets forth two main working face directional diagrams (xy-plane and zy-plane) of 3.875GHz, 6.125GHz and 9.875GHz, solid line in figure is main polarization component, and chain-dotted line is cross polar component; Figure 5 provides the gain characteristic in working frequency range.From Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, in whole working frequency range, antenna has metastable directional radiation properties (its main beam pointing+y direction), cross polarization level in main beam is lower than main polarization more than 20dB, and there is the gain-frequency characterisitic of relatively flat, therefore can think that the directional diagram bandwidth of this antenna, gain bandwidth and impedance bandwidth are basically identical.
The present invention utilizes printed circuit board technology or integrated circuit technology, and medium substrate designs top layer radiating element and bottom radiating element, and utilizes metallization via hole they to be coupled together.
Described top layer oscillator unit 4 and bottom oscillator unit 5 adopt symmetrical dual feed structure to carry out feed.The symmetrical configuration of this antenna, can realize the Integration Design that antenna and difference/symmetry drive microwave circuit.
In sum, miniaturized fractal ultra-wideband symmetrical ring-element combination antenna, utilizes metallization via hole antisymmetric radiating element to be coupled together the structure of a formation symmetric annular.The fractal structure adopted, effectively increases the electrical length of antenna, makes the comparatively conventional aerial reduction by more than 10% of lower limit operating frequency, maintains the characteristic of small sized wide-band; The balanced structure of symmetrical ring-element combination, eliminates the dependency characteristic of antenna to other radio circuit ground plates, makes its antenna be applicable to different installation occasions, improve versatility.In addition, this antenna volume is light and handy, novel structure, with low cost, is also applicable to the label type antenna made in mini-plant.
Claims (6)
1. miniaturized fractal ultra-wideband symmetrical ring-element combination antenna, is characterized in that: comprise medium substrate (1), top layer anti-pode line of rabbet joint radiating element (2), bottom anti-pode line of rabbet joint radiating element (3), top layer oscillator unit (4), bottom oscillator unit (5); Described top layer anti-pode line of rabbet joint radiating element (2) and top layer oscillator unit (4) form the top layer that the printing of top layer radiating element is arranged on medium substrate (1), described bottom anti-pode line of rabbet joint radiating element (3) and bottom oscillator unit (5) form the bottom that the printing of bottom radiating element is arranged on medium substrate (1), wherein top layer radiating element and bottom radiative unit structure and measure-alike, and arrange relative to medium substrate (1) antisymmetry; Described top layer oscillator unit (4) and bottom oscillator unit (5) all have fractal structure (7);
Described fractal structure (7) comprises the horizontal fractal structure in upper edge (8), the horizontal fractal structure in lower edge (9), vertical fractal structure (10); The horizontal fractal structure in described upper edge (8) is symmetrical along oscillator unit center line with the horizontal fractal structure in lower edge (9);
The horizontal fractal structure in described upper edge (8) comprising: respectively dig three rectangles in bottom oscillator unit (4) with the upper edge of top layer oscillator unit (5) and form the first spill district (11) respectively, second spill district (12), 3rd spill district (13), three limits in the second spill district (12) respectively add a square area (15), on the edge of the first spill district (11) towards the second spill district (12), second spill district (12) is towards on the edge in the 3rd spill district (13), and the 3rd spill district (13) on the edge of oscillator unit vertical side edge, respectively add a square area (15),
Described vertical fractal structure (10) comprising: respectively add two square area (14), in the centre of two square area (14) along vertical line adding a square area (15) in top layer oscillator unit (4) and the vertical edges place of bottom oscillator unit (5); A square area (15) is respectively added below in the upper of two square area (14);
Described top layer anti-pode line of rabbet joint radiating element (2) and bottom anti-pode line of rabbet joint radiating element (3) are anti-pode half loop radiation unit, be communicated with up and down, form a symmetrical ring by metallization via hole (6); Described top layer anti-pode line of rabbet joint radiating element (2) and bottom anti-pode line of rabbet joint radiating element (3) respectively have a upper hypotenuse, cut out a rectangular region (16) in the midpoint of upper hypotenuse.
2. miniaturized fractal ultra-wideband symmetrical ring-element combination antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the dielectric constant range of described medium substrate (1) is 2-20.
3. miniaturized fractal ultra-wideband symmetrical ring-element combination antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described first spill district (11), the 3rd spill district (13) are of a size of: long: 1-1.5mm, wide: 0.3-0.5mm; The length in described second spill district (12): 1-2mm, wide: 0.5-1mm; The length of side of square area (14): 0.8-1.2mm in vertical fractal structure (10); Square (15) length of side: 0.2-0.5mm; The length of rectangular region (16): 2.5-3.5mm, wide: 0.5-1.5mm.
4. miniaturized fractal ultra-wideband symmetrical ring-element combination antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that: have angle of declination (17) and top rade (18) between the grading structure of top layer anti-pode line of rabbet joint radiating element (2) and bottom anti-pode line of rabbet joint radiating element (3) respectively; The scope of wherein said angle of declination (17) is: 86 ° to 90 °, and the scope of described top rade (18) is: 21 ° to 31 °; Described top layer oscillator unit (4) and bottom oscillator unit (5) all have distributing point inclination angle (19); The scope of wherein said distributing point inclination angle (19) is: 13 ° to 81 °.
5. miniaturized fractal ultra-wideband symmetrical ring-element combination antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the number of described metallization via hole is 1-5.
6. miniaturized fractal ultra-wideband symmetrical ring-element combination antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described top layer oscillator unit (4) and bottom oscillator unit (5) adopt symmetrical dual feed structure to carry out feed.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101895009A (en) * | 2010-06-13 | 2010-11-24 | 南京邮电大学 | Double-frequency broad-band antenna with symmetrical dipole-tapered slot line combined structure |
| CN103107420A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-05-15 | 南京邮电大学 | Mini-type ultra wide band symmetrical ring-vibrator combined antenna |
| CN203085761U (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2013-07-24 | 厦门大学嘉庚学院 | Multi-frequency fractal folding dipole antenna for radio frequency identification system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101895009A (en) * | 2010-06-13 | 2010-11-24 | 南京邮电大学 | Double-frequency broad-band antenna with symmetrical dipole-tapered slot line combined structure |
| CN103107420A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-05-15 | 南京邮电大学 | Mini-type ultra wide band symmetrical ring-vibrator combined antenna |
| CN203085761U (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2013-07-24 | 厦门大学嘉庚学院 | Multi-frequency fractal folding dipole antenna for radio frequency identification system |
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