CN103743054A - Bottom vacuum control heating system and method for super-large space buildings - Google Patents
Bottom vacuum control heating system and method for super-large space buildings Download PDFInfo
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- CN103743054A CN103743054A CN201410014379.1A CN201410014379A CN103743054A CN 103743054 A CN103743054 A CN 103743054A CN 201410014379 A CN201410014379 A CN 201410014379A CN 103743054 A CN103743054 A CN 103743054A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bottom vacuum control heating system and method for super-large space buildings. The system comprises at least one ventilator mounted in a building above the ground and below the building top. The ventilators are connected with a temperature control system through an air volume regulator. The air volume regulator and the temperature control system are both connected with a microcomputer controller. The ventilators supply indoor cold air entering the indoor from the side of the upper middle of the building; a low temperature air area forms in the upper portion of super-large space; after the cold air enters, both quality of the upper air and indoor pressure increase, and the bottom pressure of the super-large space turns into positive pressure. A principle of the bottom vacuum control heating system and method for super-large space buildings is simple, equipment investment is low, and the system and method is easy to carry out; for the super-large space building with a heat source, the bottom negative pressure is controlled and good heating effect is achieved; the indoor waste heat is utilized, and heating energy consumption is saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of winter heating system and method thereof, relate in particular to a kind of superelevation volumed space building and control winter heating system and the method thereof of bottom negative pressure.
Background technology
Superelevation volumed space building refers to the area of space that interior of building is not cut off, and its short transverse size is greater than the length and width in plane, the building of diameter equidimension.The in the situation that, outdoor temperature identical in indoor radiating amount being identical, building is higher, and bottom negative pressure value is larger.
To superelevation volumed space building, room is higher, and the negative pressure of bottom is larger, and it is just larger that cold air enters indoor amount by room bottom.Conventional heating method cannot reduce the negative pressure of bottom, also entering with regard to a large amount of cold wind of uncontrollable bottom.Because zone of positive pressure, the high-temperature region short transverse scope of superelevation volumed space building are larger, the position of ventilation equipment, the requirement of air supply direction unlike volumed space building strict like that and lack selective.
There is following difference in superelevation volumed space building compared with general volumed space building:
1. geometric properties difference, the height dimension of general volumed space building is less than length and width, the diameter equidimension of its in-plane; And its short transverse size of superelevation volumed space building is greater than length and width, diameter equidimension in plane.Therefore, superelevation volumed space building inside is cylindrical space, and general volumed space building inside is not cylindrical space, but broad and smooth space.
2. the difference of geometric properties has caused the difference of bottom negative pressure value.Visibly different with general volumed space building, under stack effect effect, the negative pressure value of superelevation volumed space building bottom is larger, and the sense of blowing a cold wind over is stronger, and temperature is more wayward, even there will be temperature lower than 0 ℃, the situation of freezing indoor equipment and pipeline.
3. the height of high-temperature region, general volumed space building top is less, and the height of high-temperature region, superelevation volumed space building top is larger.
The problem that superelevation volumed space building and general volumed space building are encountered in heating is in the winter time identical in many aspects, as top temperature drift, temperature of lower is on the low side, heating heat dissipation capacity and technique heat dissipation capacity majority have all concentrated on top, room, bottom, room enters with a large amount of cold wind, makes workspace, bottom be difficult to reach design temperature etc.But visibly different with general volumed space building, under stack effect effect, the negative pressure value of superelevation volumed space building bottom is larger, the sense of blowing a cold wind over is stronger, and temperature is more wayward.Due to the difference of the geometric properties of building own, the heating method of general volumed space building is not also suitable for superelevation volumed space building, because the height of high-temperature region, general volumed space building top is less, and is broad and smooth space, so air-supply must be close to edge under roofing, to guarantee that air-supply mixes in high-temperature region.If air-supply is not along entering under roofing, but enter in lower position, also blow and enter in the low region of temperature, the air entering the like this intensification of just can not fully absorbing heat, still just cryogenic gas, will sink rapidly, enter bottom workspace, so just not reach the object that improves bottom workspace temperature.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly in order to address the above problem, a kind of heating system and method thereof of the control bottom negative pressure that is applicable to superelevation volumed space building have been proposed, this system architecture is simple, easy to use, utilize waste heat, can effectively control bottom, room negative pressure value, make workspace, bottom temperature reach designing requirement.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of heating system of superelevation volumed space building control bottom negative pressure, comprise and be arranged on that building neutral plane is above, at least one ventilation equipment below top, described ventilation equipment are connected with temperature control system by volume adjusting apparatus, volume adjusting apparatus is connected with microcomputer controller respectively with temperature control system, ventilation equipment are sent into indoor cold wind and by side, building middle and upper part, are entered indoorly, and described ventilation equipment are blown or horizontal direction air-supply obliquely; On superelevation large space top, form Cryogenic air region, this region is if same Cryogenic air plug is on top, room, and it has stoped the rising of bottom hot-air, makes hot-air stay bottom, has also destroyed stack effect; After cold wind enters, upper air increase in density, become heavy, and room pressure all increases, make the bottom of superelevation large space become malleation.
The air outlet that described ventilation equipment comprise blower fan and are connected with blower fan.
Described ventilation equipment comprise air box, the airduct being connected with air box, and air outlet; Described air outlet is connected with air box through airduct.
Described blower fan or air box, airduct are arranged on indoor or outdoor, and described air outlet is arranged on indoor.
Described air outlet is provided with air outlet obliquely, to make all cold wind of sending into be evenly distributed on top, room.
Described temperature control system comprises indoor temperature transmitter, outdoor temperature sensor and microcomputer controller; Described indoor temperature transmitter is for detection of the variation of indoor near-bottom temperature, and described indoor temperature transmitter, outdoor temperature sensor are connected with microcomputer controller respectively, and microcomputer controller is connected respectively with ventilation equipment and volume adjusting apparatus.
Described volume adjusting apparatus is the air door driver being arranged on ventilation equipment air-valve, and it lowers rectification campaign door folding degree in the control of microcomputer controller, controls intake.
Described volume adjusting apparatus is the converter plant being arranged on blower fan, and it is at the rotating speed control intake of the effect downward rectification campaign machine of microcomputer controller.
A control method for the heating system of superelevation volumed space building control bottom negative pressure, the hot air rising that winter, indoor thermal source produced is gathered in indoor top, under stack effect effect, at room bottom, forms a negative pressuren zone; Now temperature control system control ventilation equipment incessantly in the scope more than neutral plane, below roof top to the indoor cold wind of sending into; After cold wind fully mixes with indoor top zone of positive pressure air, on superelevation large space top, form Cryogenic air region, make room upper air than bottom air weight, destroy original stack effect; Under the acting in conjunction that increases the weight of to increase with room pressure in upper air, the negative pressure of bottom is reduced, finally become malleation.
Temperature control system control indoor temperature transmitter, the temperature value of bottom in sensing chamber, microcomputer controller compares detected value and setting value, if met the demands, ventilation equipment stop to indoor air-supply, if do not reach requirement, microcomputer controller control ventilation equipment continue to indoor air-supply, until near-bottom temperature meets the demands.
The process of specific works of the present invention is:
Cold wind is entered indoor by side, middle and upper part, room, at zone of positive pressure, mix with high temperature air, at the zone of positive pressure on top, room, forms a Cryogenic air region, and this region is in superelevation large space top as same large Cryogenic air plug.This situation is impossible occur in general volumed space building.Because the temperature of the air on cylindrical space top is low, unit weight is large, so this Cryogenic air plug has destroyed the mechanism of original stack effect, has also reduced the negative pressure of bottom.Because Cryogenic air region is that cold wind enters formation, when entering, cold wind also make room pressure increase, and under the acting in conjunction that increases the weight of to increase with room pressure of upper air quality, just can make the negative pressure of bottom reduce, until become malleation.
The blower fan of superelevation volumed space building does not need to be arranged in edge under roof or roof, and air-supply also needn't be along forming wall attachment jet under roof, and because superelevation volumed space building inner space is cylindrical space, the zone of positive pressure on top is higher, and namely the thickness of high-temperature region, top is larger; So more than blower fan is arranged in building neutral plane, below top, air-supply can level be sent or send obliquely.Cold wind is entered indoor by side, middle and upper part, room, at zone of positive pressure, mix with high temperature air, at the zone of positive pressure on top, room, forms a Cryogenic air region, and this region is in superelevation large space top as same large Cryogenic air plug.
For general volumed space building, even if edge under roofing is close in air-supply, air-supply mixes in high-temperature region, and it also can not form the such Cryogenic air plug of superelevation volumed space building.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The principle of the invention is simple and clear, and equipment investment is few, easily implements; To there being the superelevation volumed space building of thermal source, not only controlled the negative pressure of bottom, obtained good heating effect, also utilized indoor waste heat, save heating energy consumption; To there is no the superelevation volumed space building of thermal source, the in the situation that of identical heating energy consumption, can obtain the heating effect that other heating system does not reach.
The inventive method can form Cryogenic air region on superelevation large space top, this region is if same Cryogenic air plug is on top, room, and it has stoped the rising of bottom hot-air, makes hot-air stay bottom, has also destroyed stack effect.After cold wind enters, upper air increase in density, change weigh, and room pressure increases, and makes the bottom of superelevation large space become malleation.
Compared with the heating method of method of the present invention and general volumed space building: blower fan does not need to be arranged in edge under roof or roof, air-supply also needn't be along forming wall attachment jet under roof, because superelevation volumed space building inner space is cylindrical space, the zone of positive pressure on top is higher, and namely the thickness of high-temperature region, top is larger; So more than blower fan is arranged in building neutral plane, below top, air-supply can level be sent or send obliquely.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is general volumed space building and super large space buildings contrast schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention two.
Wherein, 1. blower fan, 2. air outlet one, 3. temperature sensor, 4. window, 5., 6. air box, 7. air feed shutter, 8. volume adjusting apparatus, 9. air outlet two, 10. airduct, 11. general volumed space buildings, 12. super large space buildings.
The specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention will be further described:
As shown in Figure 1, superelevation volumed space building 12 and the generally difference of volumed space building 11:
(1) geometric properties difference, the height dimension of general volumed space building 11 is less than length and width, the diameter equidimension of its in-plane; And superelevation volumed space building 12 short transverse sizes are greater than length and width, diameter equidimension in its plane.Therefore, superelevation volumed space building 12 inside are cylindrical spaces, and general volumed space building 11 inside are not cylindrical spaces, but broad and smooth space.
(2) difference of geometric properties has caused the difference of bottom negative pressure value.Visibly different with general volumed space building 11, under stack effect effect, the negative pressure value of superelevation volumed space building 12 bottoms is larger, and the sense of blowing a cold wind over is stronger, and temperature is more wayward, even there will be temperature lower than 0 ℃, the situation of freezing indoor equipment and pipeline.
(3) height of general volumed space building 11 high-temperature regions, top is less, and the height of superelevation volumed space building 12 high-temperature regions, top is larger.
(4), due to above several differences, control bottom negative pressure, the method that guarantees near-bottom temperature and mechanism also different.
The heating method of general volumed space building 11 is: cold wind enters indoor from the top in room.If roof ventilator air-supply, cold wind, under the airflow distribution device effects such as air diffuser, mixes with hot-air in high-temperature region, top along roof wall attachment jet.As formed wall attachment jet without air diffuser, can, because high-temperature region thickness is too little, cause cold air unmixed just to enter bottom negative pressuren zone, near-bottom temperature is reduced.If from side wall to indoor air-supply, blower fan also should be arranged in edge under roof with blower fan, allow air-supply along roof wall attachment jet, reason is the same.The mechanism that general volumed space building 11 is controlled bottom negative pressure is from the air-supply of top, room, by increasing Interior Space tolerance, increases room pressure, increases indoor bottom pressure simultaneously.
The method of superelevation volumed space building 12 is just obviously different:
Ventilation equipment do not need to be arranged in edge under roof or roof, and air-supply also needn't be along forming wall attachment jet under roof.Because superelevation volumed space building inner space is cylindrical space, the zone of positive pressure on top is higher, and namely the thickness of high-temperature region, top is larger.So blower fan is arranged in that building neutral plane is above, top below.Air-supply can level be sent, or send obliquely just.
General volumed space building 11 is the Data Control air outputs with differential pressure pickup.And superelevation volumed space building 12 is Data Control blower fan number of units or air output with temperature sensor.
The cold wind of superelevation volumed space building 12 is entered indoor by side, middle and upper part, room, at zone of positive pressure, mix with high temperature air, at the zone of positive pressure on top, room, forms a Cryogenic air region, and this region is in superelevation large space top as same large Cryogenic air plug.This situation is impossible occur in general volumed space building 11.Because the temperature of the air on cylindrical space top is low, unit weight is large, so this Cryogenic air plug has destroyed the mechanism of original stack effect, has also reduced the negative pressure of bottom.Because Cryogenic air region is that cold wind enters formation, when entering, cold wind also make room pressure increase, and under the acting in conjunction that increases the weight of to increase with room pressure of upper air quality, just can make the negative pressure of bottom reduce, until become malleation.
Embodiment mono-:
As shown in Figure 2, more than building neutral plane, below top, arrange at least one ventilation equipment, the air outlet 1 that ventilation equipment comprise blower fan 1 and are connected with blower fan 1 herein.Blower fan 1 send into indoor cold wind by side, building middle and upper part, entered indoor, superelevation large space top form Cryogenic air region, after cold wind enters, upper air quality and room pressure all increase, and make the bottom of superelevation large space become malleation.
The hot air rising that winter, indoor thermal source produced is gathered in indoor top, under stack effect effect, forms a zone of positive pressure on top, room, forms a negative pressuren zone in bottom, room.Room is higher, and the negative pressure of bottom is larger, and it is just larger that cold air enters indoor amount by room bottom.At least one Fans 1 of now temperature control system control incessantly, roof top above by neutral plane is following to the indoor cold wind of sending into.Temperature control system comprises indoor temperature transmitter, outdoor temperature sensor and microcomputer controller, and indoor temperature transmitter is arranged on indoor bottom, as places such as door 5 or windows 4, in order to detect the variation of bottom indoor temperature; Outdoor temperature sensor is arranged on outdoor.
Because superelevation volumed space building 12 inner spaces are cylindrical spaces, the zone of positive pressure on top is higher, after cold wind fully mixes with indoor top zone of positive pressure air, just make air themperature more than neutral plane reduce, it is large that density becomes, even if also room upper air is than bottom air weight, thereby destroys and reduce original stack effect.When cold wind enters, also make room pressure increase, under the acting in conjunction that increases the weight of to increase with room pressure in upper air, just can make the negative pressure of bottom reduce, until become malleation.When bottom negative pressure value becomes malleation, outdoor cold wind just cannot enter indoor, and now the gap of bottom is air draft from inside to outside, is also that heat flows from the top down, and indoor temperature has also just reached requirement.If near-bottom temperature sensor 3 detected temperatures do not reach required value, the microcomputer controller number of units that just continuation increase blower fan 1 is opened is to indoor air-supply, until near-bottom temperature reaches requirement.
Embodiment bis-:
As shown in Figure 3, arrange at least one ventilation equipment more than building neutral plane, below top, ventilation equipment comprise air box 6 herein, the airduct 10 being connected with air box 6, and air outlet 29; Described air outlet 29 is connected with air box 6 through airduct 10.Air box 6 is connected with temperature control system by volume adjusting apparatus 8, volume adjusting apparatus 8 is connected with microcomputer controller respectively with temperature control system, air box 6 is sent into indoor cold wind and is entered indoor by side, building middle and upper part, on superelevation large space top, form Cryogenic air region, after cold wind enters, upper air quality and room pressure all increase, and make the bottom of superelevation large space become malleation.
The hot air rising that winter, indoor thermal source produced is gathered in indoor top, under stack effect effect, forms a zone of positive pressure on top, room, forms a negative pressuren zone in bottom, room.Room is higher, and the negative pressure of bottom is larger, and it is just larger that cold air enters indoor amount by room bottom.At least one typhoon cabinet 6 supply air systems of now temperature control system control are by airduct 10, air outlet 29 etc. incessantly by more than neutral plane, and roof top is following to the indoor cold wind of sending into.Temperature control system comprises indoor temperature transmitter, outdoor temperature sensor and microcomputer controller, and indoor temperature transmitter is arranged on indoor bottom, as places such as door 5 or windows 4, in order to detect the variation of bottom indoor temperature; Outdoor temperature sensor is arranged on outdoor.
Because superelevation volumed space building 12 inner spaces are cylindrical spaces, the zone of positive pressure on top is higher, after cold wind fully mixes with indoor top zone of positive pressure air, just make air themperature more than neutral plane reduce, it is large that density becomes, even if also room upper air is than bottom air weight, thereby destroys and reduce original stack effect.When cold wind enters, also make room pressure increase, under the acting in conjunction that increases the weight of to increase with room pressure of upper air, just can make the negative pressure of bottom reduce, until become malleation.When bottom negative pressure value becomes malleation, outdoor cold wind just cannot enter indoor, and now the gap of bottom is air draft from inside to outside, is also that heat flows from the top down, and indoor temperature has also just reached requirement.If near-bottom temperature sensor 3 detected temperatures do not reach required value, microcomputer controller just continues to control the aperture of volume adjusting apparatus 8, increases air output, until near-bottom temperature reaches requirement.
Although above-mentioned, by reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described; but not limiting the scope of the invention; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various modifications that creative work can make or distortion still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the heating system of a superelevation volumed space building control bottom negative pressure, it is characterized in that, more than comprising and being arranged on building neutral plane, at least one ventilation equipment below top, described ventilation equipment are connected with temperature control system by volume adjusting apparatus, volume adjusting apparatus is connected with microcomputer controller respectively with temperature control system, ventilation equipment are sent into indoor cold wind and are entered indoor by side, building middle and upper part, described ventilation equipment are blown or horizontal direction air-supply obliquely, on superelevation large space top, form Cryogenic air region, destroyed stack effect, after cold wind enters, upper air quality and room pressure all increase, make the bottom of superelevation large space become malleation.
2. the heating system of a kind of superelevation volumed space building control bottom negative pressure as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the air outlet that described ventilation equipment comprise blower fan and are connected with blower fan.
3. the heating system of a kind of superelevation volumed space building control bottom negative pressure as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described ventilation equipment comprise air box, the airduct being connected with air box, and air outlet; Described air outlet is connected with air box through airduct.
4. a kind of heating system of superelevation volumed space building control bottom negative pressure as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, is characterized in that, described blower fan or air box, airduct are arranged on indoor or outdoor, and described air outlet is arranged on indoor.
5. the heating system of a kind of superelevation volumed space building control bottom negative pressure as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described air outlet is provided with air outlet obliquely, makes the cold wind of sending into be evenly distributed on top, room.
6. the heating system of a kind of superelevation volumed space building control bottom negative pressure as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described temperature control system comprises indoor temperature transmitter, outdoor temperature sensor and microcomputer controller; Described indoor temperature transmitter is for detection of the variation of indoor near-bottom temperature, and described indoor temperature transmitter, outdoor temperature sensor are connected with microcomputer controller respectively, and microcomputer controller is connected respectively with ventilation equipment and volume adjusting apparatus.
7. the control method of the heating system of a superelevation volumed space building control bottom negative pressure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the hot air rising that winter, indoor thermal source produced is gathered in indoor top, under stack effect effect, at room bottom, forms a negative pressuren zone; Now temperature control system control ventilation equipment incessantly in the scope more than neutral plane, below roof top to the indoor cold wind of sending into; After cold wind fully mixes with indoor top zone of positive pressure air, on superelevation large space top, form Cryogenic air region, make room upper air than bottom air weight, destroy original stack effect; Under the acting in conjunction that increases the weight of to increase with room pressure in upper air, the negative pressure of bottom is reduced, finally become malleation.
8. the control method of the heating system of a kind of superelevation volumed space building control bottom negative pressure as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described temperature control system control indoor temperature transmitter, the temperature value of bottom in sensing chamber, microcomputer controller compares detected value and setting value, if met the demands, ventilation equipment stop to indoor air-supply, if do not reach requirement, microcomputer controller control ventilation equipment continue to indoor air-supply, until near-bottom temperature meets the demands.
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| CN108800300A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-11-13 | 中铁第勘察设计院集团有限公司 | The automatic device and method for reducing large space indoor heating temperature gradient |
| CN111561759A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-08-21 | 中南大学 | High and large space hot-pressing ventilation calculation method based on thermal stratification |
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| CN103743054B (en) | 2017-01-25 |
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