CN103742378A - Radial plunger hydraulic pump adopting slide valves for flow distribution - Google Patents

Abstract

A radial plunger hydraulic pump using slide valves for flow distribution. The pump is equipped with five plunger groups in the radial direction, and the flow distribution slide valves that work with the plunger groups are arranged side by side on one side of the plunger. The connection of the pump body is realized by the flow channel opened on the pump body, which makes full use of the space in the pump body; the rotation of the eccentric shaft is converted into the linear motion of the plunger through the five-star wheel, and the friction surface is lubricated by hydrodynamic force, which is small in friction, simple and reliable; The high-pressure oil output from the discharge valve is drawn out, and the plunger is returned by hydraulic pressure, with stable return force, low noise and long service life; the plunger group of the pump is installed on the pump body from the outside, which can be quickly disassembled and easy to install and maintenance; a damping hole is processed on the central shaft of the plunger, which can guide the high-pressure oil to the bottom surface, and the bottom surface of the plunger is provided with a sealing belt and an oil chamber. A lubricating oil film is formed between the bottom surfaces of the plunger to reduce friction.

Description

A Radial Piston Hydraulic Pump Using Slide Valve Flow Distribution

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of radial plunger hydraulic pumps, and in particular relates to a radial plunger hydraulic pump using slide valves for flow distribution.

Background technique

Designing a hydraulic pump with better pressure and flow performance is an important means to develop hydraulic transmission technology.

Radial piston pump is a kind of hydraulic pump with advantages of large flow, low wear and high volumetric efficiency, and is widely used in hydraulic systems such as die casting, injection molding and forging. The oil distribution method of common radial piston pumps is mostly one-way valve oil distribution or shaft oil distribution. Spring parts are needed in the one-way valve oil distribution method. Since the spring needs to be deformed frequently during the working process, it is easy to Fatigue damage occurs, and the noise and vibration are large during operation; while the hydraulic pump using shaft oil distribution has the disadvantages of difficult processing, and the flow distribution part is not easy to achieve good sealing. In addition, in the existing radial piston pumps, the return stroke of the plunger generally adopts a return disc structure or a return spring. As for the return disc, since it is a rigid structure, a certain gap must be left between it and the pressed surface to prevent To ensure the smooth movement of the plunger, it is necessary to introduce additional elastic elements to make up the gap, otherwise oil leakage will easily occur; for the spring return method, like the spring in the one-way valve, it is also vulnerable to damage and loud noise. Shortcomings.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to propose a radial plunger hydraulic pump using slide valve flow distribution, which has the advantages of compact structure, simple transmission, stable return force, reliable sealing, good lubrication performance and easy maintenance. advantage.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:

A radial plunger hydraulic pump adopting slide valve flow distribution, including a pump body 2, five plunger groups 29 are installed on the pump body 2, and they are evenly distributed on the same plane in the radial direction, and each plunger group 29 includes The plunger 4 and the plunger gland 1, the return guide column 31 on the plunger 4 is inserted into the return guide sleeve 27 on the plunger gland 1, and can move in the axial direction. The center of the plunger 4 is provided with a damping hole 30, and the column The bottom of the plug 4 is provided with more than two arc-shaped sealing bands 33, which divide the bottom surface of the plunger 4 into several oil chambers 32, the plunger 4 is inserted into the plunger cylinder hole 3 on the pump body 2, and the plunger gland 1 Fixedly installed on the pump body 2, the return pressure oil passage on the plunger gland 1 communicates with the pressure oil flow passage 34, the slide valve installation hole 26 and the upper cavity of the return guide sleeve 27;

The first pump end cover 18 and the second pump end cover 6 are fixedly installed on both sides of the pump body 2 respectively, and the first shaft end gland 21 and the second shaft end gland 7 are fixedly installed on the first pump end cover 18 and the second shaft end gland 7 respectively. On the second pump end cover 6;

The eccentric shaft 9 is provided with a first eccentric part 17 and a second eccentric part 8, and their eccentric azimuths differ by 90°;

The eccentric shaft 9 is installed in the pump body 2, and more than two first rolling bearings 20 are installed on the non-eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft 9 inside the pump body 2, and the first rolling bearings 20 are separated by the first sleeve 19, The inner ring of the first rolling bearing 20 is against the shoulder of the eccentric shaft 9 , the first shaft end gland 21 is pressing against the outer ring of the first rolling bearing 20 , and more than two second rolling bearings 15 are installed on the second eccentric shaft of the eccentric shaft 9 . On the part 8, the second rolling bearings 15 are separated by the second sleeve 14, the inner ring on one side of the second rolling bearing 15 is against the shoulder on the eccentric shaft 9, and the inner ring on the other side is covered by the fourth sleeve 5 Compression, the fourth sleeve 5 and more than two third rolling bearings 11 are installed on the non-eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft 9, the inner ring of the third rolling bearing 11 presses the fourth sleeve 5, and the adjacent third rolling bearing 11 The outer ring of the outermost third rolling bearing 11 is pressed by the second shaft end gland 7, and the first rolling bearing 20 and the third rolling bearing 11 are respectively supported on the first pump end cover 18. and the inner cylindrical surface of the second pump end cover 6;

The five-star wheel 13 is installed on the outer ring of the second rolling bearing 15, and the first five-star wheel gland 16 and the second five-star wheel gland 12 are fixedly installed on both sides of the five-star wheel 13 respectively, and their spigots press the corresponding side respectively. 2. On the outer ring of the rolling bearing 15, the plunger 4 is pressed against the corresponding side of the five-star wheel 13 by hydraulic pressure;

There are five spool valve installation holes 26 uniformly distributed in the radial direction on the pump body 2, and the distribution orientation is the same as that of the plunger cylinder hole 3. Each spool valve installation hole 26 is equipped with an oil distribution spool valve 22 inside. The bottom of the oil distribution slide valve 22 is against the first eccentric part 17 of the eccentric shaft 9;

One side of the pump body 2 is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction with five plunger chamber inlet and outlet holes 24, and its distribution orientation is the same as that of the plunger cylinder hole 3. Each plunger chamber inlet and outlet hole 24 connects the plunger cylinder at the corresponding position The hole 3 communicates with the slide valve installation hole 26, and the other side of the pump body 2 is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction with five plunger chamber oil inlet holes 23 and five plunger chamber oil outlet holes 25, and their distribution orientation is the same as that of the plunger chamber. The cylinder holes 3 are identical and appear in pairs. One of the distribution circle radii is smaller than the distribution radius of the plunger chamber inlet and outlet oil holes 24, and the other is larger than the distribution radius of the plunger chamber inlet and outlet oil holes 24. They are all communicated with the slide valve installation hole 26. The oil inlet holes 23 of each plunger chamber communicate with each other through the oil suction flow channel 36 on the pump body 2, and the oil is sucked in from the outside through the total oil suction port 37, and the oil outlet holes 25 of each plunger chamber pass through the pressure oil flow channel on the pump body 2 34 communicate with each other, and the oil is discharged through the main oil discharge port 35. At the same time, the pressure oil flow channel 34 on the pump body 2 communicates with the return pressure oil flow channel 28 on the plunger gland 1, so that the high pressure oil can act The plunger 4 and the oil distribution slide valve 22 , and the high-pressure oil enters the oil chamber 32 at the bottom of the plunger 4 through the damping hole 30 .

Guidance and sealing are realized by installing a guide ring and a sealing ring between the plunger 4 and the plunger cylinder hole 3 .

Guidance and sealing are realized by installing a guide ring and a sealing ring between the return guide column 31 and the return guide sleeve 27 .

The part where the plunger gland 1 is inserted into the pump body 2 is sealed by an O-ring.

Balls or rollers are installed between the oil distribution slide valve 22 and the first eccentric portion 17 on the eccentric shaft 9 to reduce friction.

The present invention has the following advantages:

1) Compact structure and simple transmission. The pump is provided with five plunger groups 29 in the radial direction, and the flow distribution slide valves that cooperate with the plunger groups 29 are arranged side by side on one side of the plunger 4, and the communication between the flow distribution slide valves is determined by the flow channel opened on the pump body Realize, make full use of the space in the pump body 2 like this. The rotation of the eccentric shaft 9 is transformed into the linear motion of the plunger 4 through the five-star wheel 13, and the friction surface is lubricated by hydrodynamic force, so the friction force is small, simple and reliable.

2) Using hydraulic pressure to return, the return force is stable, the noise is small, and the service life is long. The traditional radial plunger hydraulic pump usually relies on the spring to provide the return force to realize the return stroke of the plunger 4. The structure is complex, the spring design is difficult, and because the spring needs frequent reciprocating motion, it is prone to fatigue damage. The radial plunger in the present invention The plug hydraulic pump eliminates the spring structure, draws out the high-pressure oil output from the discharge valve, and acts on the plunger 4, relying on the hydraulic pressure to make the plunger 4 return, the return force is stable, and it has the advantages of low noise and long life.

3) Easy maintenance. The plunger group 29 of the pump is installed on the pump body 2 from the outside by screws, which can be disassembled quickly and is convenient for installation and maintenance.

4) The frictional force between the plunger 4 and the star wheel 13 is small. A damping hole 30 is processed on the central axis of the plunger 4, which can guide the high-pressure oil to the bottom surface. The bottom surface of the plunger 4 is provided with a sealing belt 33 and an oil chamber 32. The oil chamber 32 is filled with the depressurized oil, which can A lubricating oil film is formed between the five-star wheel 13 and the bottom surface of the plunger 4 to reduce friction.

5) Sealing is reliable. The movable part of the pump's oil circuit is sealed with a standard combination of guide ring and sealing ring, which is reliable and helps to improve the volumetric efficiency of the pump.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is an axial sectional view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the A-A section of Fig. 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an axial sectional view of the plunger 4 in the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a bottom view of the plunger 4 in the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a radial view of the eccentric shaft 9 in the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the B-B section in Fig. 1 of the present invention. .

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the C-C section in Fig. 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the D-D section in Fig. 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an axial sectional view of the eccentric shaft 9 in FIG. 1 rotated by 90° according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, a radial plunger hydraulic pump adopting slide valve flow distribution includes a pump body 2, and five plunger groups 29 are installed on the pump body 2, and they are radially Evenly distributed on the same plane, each plunger group 29 includes a plunger 4 and a plunger gland 1, the return guide post 31 on the plunger 4 is inserted into the return guide sleeve 27 on the plunger gland 1, and can move along the axial direction movement, the center of the plunger 4 is provided with a damping hole 30, and the bottom of the plunger 4 is provided with more than two arc-shaped sealing strips 33, which divide the bottom surface of the plunger 4 into several oil chambers 32, and the plunger 4 is inserted into the pump body 2 In the plunger cylinder hole 3, the plunger gland 1 is fixed on the pump body 2 by screws, the return pressure oil passage and pressure oil flow passage 34 on the plunger gland 1, the slide valve installation hole 26 and the return guide sleeve 27 The upper cavity is connected;

Referring to Fig. 1, the first pump end cover 18 and the second pump end cover 6 are respectively fixed and installed on both sides of the pump body 2 with screws, and the first shaft end gland 21 and the second shaft end gland 7 are respectively fixed and installed with screws On the first pump end cover 18 and the second pump end cover 6;

Referring to Fig. 5, the eccentric shaft 9 is provided with a first eccentric part 17 and a second eccentric part 8, and their eccentric azimuths differ by 90°;

Referring to Fig. 1, the eccentric shaft 9 is installed in the pump body 2, and more than two first rolling bearings 20 are installed on the non-eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft 9 inside the pump body 2, and the first rolling bearings 20 are connected by a first sleeve 19, the inner ring of the first rolling bearing 20 is against the shoulder of the eccentric shaft 9, the first shaft end gland 21 is pressing the outer ring of the first rolling bearing 20, and more than two second rolling bearings 15 are installed on the eccentric shaft 9 On the second eccentric part 8, the second rolling bearings 15 are separated by the second sleeve 14, the inner ring on one side of the second rolling bearing 15 is against the shoulder on the eccentric shaft 9, and the inner ring on the other side is held by the second sleeve 14. The four sleeves 5 are compressed, the fourth sleeve 5 and more than two third rolling bearings 11 are installed on the non-eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft 9, the inner ring of the third rolling bearing 11 presses the fourth sleeve 5, and the adjacent The third rolling bearings 11 are separated by the third sleeve 10, and the outer ring of the outermost third rolling bearing 11 is pressed by the second shaft end gland 7. The above-mentioned parts jointly realize the axial positioning of the eccentric shaft 9, The first rolling bearing 20 and the third rolling bearing 11 are respectively supported on the inner cylindrical surfaces of the first pump end cover 18 and the second pump end cover 6 to jointly realize the support for the eccentric shaft 9;

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the five-star wheel 13 is installed on the outer ring of the second rolling bearing 15, the first five-star wheel gland 16 and the second five-star wheel gland 12 are respectively fixed and installed on both sides of the five-star wheel 13 with screws, and The spigots respectively press the outer rings of the second rolling bearings 15 on the corresponding sides to realize the axial positioning of the five-star wheel 13, and the plunger 4 is pressed against the corresponding side of the five-star wheel 13 by hydraulic pressure;

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 6, five spool valve mounting holes 26 are evenly distributed in the radial direction on the pump body 2, and the distribution orientation thereof is the same as that of the plunger cylinder hole 3, and the inside of each spool valve mounting hole 26 is An oil distribution slide valve 22 is installed, and the bottom of the oil distribution slide valve 22 is against the first eccentric part 17 of the eccentric shaft 9;

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, one side of the pump body 2 is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction with five plunger cavity oil inlet and outlet holes 24, and the distribution orientation is the same as that of the plunger cylinder hole 3, and each plunger chamber enters and exits oil. The holes 24 communicate with the plunger cylinder hole 3 at the corresponding position and the slide valve installation hole 26 respectively, and the other side of the pump body 2 is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction with five plunger chamber oil inlet holes 23 and five plunger chamber oil outlet holes. The holes 25 have the same distribution orientation as the plunger cylinder hole 3 and appear in pairs. One of the distribution circle radii is smaller than the distribution radius of the plunger chamber inlet and outlet oil holes 24, and the other is larger than the distribution radius of the plunger chamber inlet and outlet oil holes 24. They are all communicated with the slide valve mounting hole 26, and the oil inlet holes 23 of each plunger cavity communicate with each other through the oil suction flow channel 36 on the pump body 2, and the oil is sucked in from the outside through the total oil suction port 37, and the oil outlet holes 25 of each plunger cavity The pressure oil flow channel 34 on the pump body 2 communicates with each other, and the oil is discharged through the main oil discharge port 35. At the same time, the pressure oil flow channel 34 on the pump body 2 and the return pressure oil flow channel on the plunger gland 1 28, so that the high-pressure oil can act on the plunger 4 and the oil distribution slide valve 22, and the high-pressure oil enters the oil chamber 32 at the bottom of the plunger 4 through the damping hole 30.

Guidance and sealing are realized by installing a guide ring and a sealing ring between the plunger 4 and the plunger cylinder hole 3 .

Guidance and sealing are realized by installing a guide ring and a sealing ring between the return guide column 31 and the return guide sleeve 27 .

The part where the plunger gland 1 is inserted into the pump body 2 is sealed by an O-ring.

Balls or rollers can be installed between the oil distribution slide valve 22 and the first eccentric portion 17 on the eccentric shaft 9 to reduce friction.

Working principle of the present invention:

1 and 2, when the eccentric shaft 9 is driven by the prime mover, the power is transmitted to the five-star wheel 13 through the second rolling bearing 15. Since the bottom surface of the plunger 4 is close to the sides of the five-star wheel 13, the movement of the five-star wheel 13 is limited. Autorotation, so the five-star wheel 13 only moves in translation around the center of rotation, and the plunger 4 is driven by the five-star wheel 13 to do linear reciprocating motion in the plunger cylinder hole 3 respectively, and the contact surface between the plunger 4 and the five-star wheel 13 can be Relative sliding; during the movement, when the plunger 4 moves into the plunger cylinder hole 3, the power is provided by the sides of the star wheel 13, and when the plunger 4 moves outward from the plunger cylinder hole 3, the driving force is provided by The high-pressure oil on the return guide post 31 provides.

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 5 and Fig. 9, the oil distribution of the present invention is realized by the oil distribution slide valve 22, which presses against the first eccentric part 17 under the action of high-pressure oil, and the eccentric direction of the first eccentric part 17 and the second eccentric part 8 The difference is 90°, which makes when the second eccentric part 8 drives the plunger 4 to move upward, the first eccentric part 17 just makes the oil distribution slide valve 22 in the upper position, that is, the cavity on the upper part of the plunger cylinder hole 3 and the plunger cavity come out. The oil hole 25 is connected so that the oil can be discharged. When the second eccentric part 8 drives the plunger 4 to move downward, the first eccentric part 17 is just at the lower position of the oil distribution slide valve 22, that is, the upper part of the plunger cylinder hole 3 The cavity communicates with the oil inlet hole 23 of the plunger cavity, so as to suck the oil into the cylinder hole 3 of the plunger.

The oil inlet holes 23 of each plunger cavity communicate with each other through the oil suction flow channel 36 on the pump body 2, and oil is sucked in from the outside through the total oil suction port 37; the oil outlet holes 25 of each plunger cavity pass through the pressure oil flow channel on the pump body 2 34 communicate with each other, and the oil is discharged through the main oil discharge port 35. At the same time, the pressure oil flow channel 34 on the pump body 2 communicates with the return pressure oil flow channel 28 on the plunger gland 1, and the high pressure oil acts on the return guide On the column 31, press the oil distribution slide valve 22 on the first eccentric part 17 of the eccentric shaft 9, press the plunger 4 on the five-star wheel 13, and the high-pressure oil can enter the bottom of the plunger 4 through the damping hole 30 The oil chamber 32 is filled with the depressurized oil, which can form a lubricating oil film between the five-star wheel 13 and the bottom surface of the plunger 4 to reduce friction.

Claims (5)

1. A radial plunger hydraulic pump adopting slide valve flow distribution, including a pump body (2), characterized in that five plunger groups (29) are installed on the pump body (2), and they are evenly distributed in the radial direction. Distributed on the same plane, each plunger group (29) includes a plunger (4) and a plunger gland (1), and the return guide post (31) on the plunger (4) is inserted into the plunger gland (1) Inside the return guide sleeve (27), it can move in the axial direction. The center of the plunger (4) is provided with a damping hole (30), and the bottom of the plunger (4) is provided with more than two arc-shaped sealing bands (33). They divide the bottom surface of the plunger (4) into several oil chambers (32), the plunger (4) is inserted into the plunger cylinder hole (3) on the pump body (2), and the plunger gland (1) is fixedly installed on the pump On the body (2), the return pressure oil channel on the plunger gland (1) communicates with the pressure oil flow channel (34), the slide valve installation hole (26) and the upper cavity of the return guide sleeve (27); The first pump end cover (18) and the second pump end cover (6) are respectively fixedly installed on both sides of the pump body (2), and the first shaft end gland (21) and the second shaft end gland (7) are respectively Fixedly installed on the first pump end cover (18) and the second pump end cover (6); The eccentric shaft (9) is provided with a first eccentric part (17) and a second eccentric part (8), and their eccentric azimuths differ by 90°; The eccentric shaft (9) is installed in the pump body (2), more than two first rolling bearings (20) are installed on the non-eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft (9) inside the pump body (2), the first rolling bearings (20 ) are separated by the first sleeve (19), the inner ring of the first rolling bearing (20) touches the shoulder of the eccentric shaft (9), and the first shaft end gland (21) presses the first rolling bearing (20 ), more than two second rolling bearings (15) are installed on the second eccentric part (8) of the eccentric shaft (9), and the second rolling bearings (15) are separated by the second sleeve (14) , the inner ring on one side of the second rolling bearing (15) bears against the shoulder on the eccentric shaft (9), and the inner ring on the other side is pressed by the fourth sleeve (5), the fourth sleeve (5) and the two More than three third rolling bearings (11) are installed on the non-eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft (9), the inner ring of the third rolling bearing (11) presses the fourth sleeve (5), and the adjacent third rolling bearing (11) separated by the third sleeve (10), the outer ring of the outermost third rolling bearing (11) is compressed by the second shaft end gland (7), the first rolling bearing (20) and the third rolling bearing (11 ) are respectively supported on the inner cylindrical surfaces of the first pump end cover (18) and the second pump end cover (6); The five-star wheel (13) is installed on the outer ring of the second rolling bearing (15), the first five-star wheel gland (16) and the second five-star wheel gland (12) are respectively fixedly installed on both sides of the five-star wheel (13), The spigots respectively press the outer ring of the second rolling bearing (15) on the corresponding side, and the plunger (4) is pressed against the corresponding side of the five-star wheel (13) by hydraulic pressure; There are five spool valve mounting holes (26) evenly distributed in the radial direction on the pump body (2), and their distribution orientation is the same as that of the plunger cylinder hole (3). The inside of each spool valve mounting hole (26) Both are equipped with an oil distribution slide valve (22), and the bottom of the oil distribution slide valve (22) is against the first eccentric part (17) of the eccentric shaft (9); One side of the pump body (2) has five oil inlet and outlet holes (24) evenly distributed along the circumference, and the distribution orientation is the same as that of the plunger cylinder hole (3). Each oil inlet and outlet hole (24) of the plunger chamber Connect the plunger cylinder hole (3) at the corresponding position with the slide valve installation hole (26), and the other side of the pump body (2) is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction with five plunger cavity oil inlet holes (23) and five The oil outlet holes (25) of the plunger cavity have the same distribution orientation as the plunger cylinder hole (3) and appear in pairs. One of the distribution circle radii is smaller than that of the oil inlet and outlet holes (24) of the plunger cavity, and Larger than the distribution radius of the oil inlet and outlet holes (24) of the plunger chamber, they are all connected with the slide valve installation hole (26), and each oil inlet hole (23) of the plunger chamber passes through the oil suction flow channel (36) on the pump body (2) They communicate with each other, suck oil from the outside through the main oil suction port (37), and the oil outlet holes (25) of each plunger chamber communicate with each other through the pressure oil passage (34) on the pump body (2), 35) Drain the oil, and at the same time, the pressure oil passage (34) on the pump body (2) communicates with the return pressure oil passage (28) on the plunger gland (1), so that the high pressure oil can act On the plunger (4) and the oil distribution slide valve (22), and the high-pressure oil enters the oil chamber (32) at the bottom of the plunger (4) through the damping hole (30). 2. A radial plunger hydraulic pump using a slide valve for flow distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: between the plunger (4) and the plunger cylinder hole (3), a guide ring and a The sealing ring realizes the guiding and sealing. 3. A radial plunger hydraulic pump using slide valve flow distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: the return guide column (31) and the return guide sleeve (27) are installed between the guide ring and the return guide sleeve (27). The sealing ring realizes guiding and sealing. 4. A radial plunger hydraulic pump using slide valve flow distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: the part of the plunger gland (1) inserted into the pump body (2) is sealed by an O-ring . 5. A radial piston hydraulic pump adopting slide valve flow distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: said oil distribution slide valve (22) and the first eccentric part (17) on the eccentric shaft (9) ) to reduce friction by installing balls or rollers.

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