CN103741039B - The preparation method of the locomotive braking resistance belt that a kind of resistance homogeneity is good - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of locomotive braking resistance belt and preparation method thereof, each predominant quantity degree that its resistive band comprises is: chromium: 13.5-14.5%, aluminium: 3.5-4.5%, titanium: 0.25-0.35%, carbon :≤0.04%, rare earth: 0.05-0.10%, iron: surplus.The preparation method of this resistive band comprises successively: vacuum melting, esr, forge, hot rolling, annealing thermal treatment, pickling, polishing deburring, cold rolling, gas shield annealing, itemize be shaping.Locomotive braking resistance belt in the present invention is Alfer, does not re-use metallic nickel, significantly can reduce production cost.Have employed titanium elements, the resistance homogeneity of resistive band can be improved, the temperature coefficient of resistance of this resistive band can be reduced simultaneously, and then improve product quality.This preparation method comprises vacuum melting operation, the abundant content of the air in the resistive band of generation can be made less, ensure that the purity of product.

Description

The preparation method of the locomotive braking resistance belt that a kind of resistance homogeneity is good

The application is divisional application, the application number of original application: 201110230208.9, the applying date: 2011-08-11, invention and created name " locomotive braking resistance belt and preparation method thereof ".

Technical field

The present invention relates to alloy and manufacture craft thereof, specifically a kind of locomotive braking resistance belt and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Trunk railway diesel-electric locomotive all adopts resistive braking device, because locomotive is power with diesel engine, is connected with main generator through flexible coupling, the electricity sent through electrical control cubicles for traction electric machine on train wheel provides electrical source of power; Traction electric machine is passed to wheel through driving toothed gear and drives wheel train operation to upper follower gear, whole process be mechanical energy--electric energy--mechanical energy turn over journey.Locomotive is when braking, because the rotor speed of traction electric machine is higher than stator rotatingfield rotating speed, traction electric machine becomes electromagnetic power output state (that is: generator condition) by electromagnetic power input state, to be the damping force of train to the locomotive power of having the opposite effect, this part alternating-current is after the rectification of thermal change device, directly add to braking resistor and convert heat energy to, the cooling air be blown into through blower fan is taken away and is consumed.This is the conversion process of mechanical energy--electric energy--heat energy.

The resistive band adopted in braking resistor of the prior art, often adopt nickel alloy material to make, cost is higher.Such as: the trade mark conventional is in the market the locomotive brake braking resistance alloy of N40, its main composition and content are: Ni:34.0-37.O%, Cr:18.0-21.0%, Si:1.0-3.0%, C≤0.10%, Mn≤1.00%, Al≤0.05%, Fe: surplus, but due to the content of nickel higher, cause its price too high; A kind of trade mark is also had to be the stainless steel materials of 310S, its main composition is: Ni:19.0-22.0%, Cr:24.0-26.0%, Si :≤1.5%, C≤0.08%, Mn≤2.00%, Fe: surplus, although the usage quantity which reducing Ni, overall cost is still higher, and resistivity only has 0.95uQm, be not suitable as locomotive brake braking resistive band.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide locomotive braking resistance belt of a kind of lower cost and preparation method thereof.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of locomotive braking resistance belt, it each predominant quantity degree comprised is: chromium: 13.5-14.5%, aluminium: 3.5-4.5%, titanium: 0.25-0.35%, carbon :≤0.04%, rare earth: 0.05-0.10%, iron: surplus.

The preparation method of above-mentioned locomotive braking resistance belt, comprises following operation: vacuum melting successively; Esr; Forge; Hot rolling; Annealing thermal treatment; Pickling; Polishing deburring; Cold rolling; Gas shield is annealed; Itemize is shaping.

Technique scheme of the present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology: the locomotive braking resistance belt in (1) the present invention is Alfer, do not re-use metallic nickel, significantly can reduce production cost, but the performance that the locomotive brake braking resistance alloy that the trade mark can be kept to be N40 has.(2) have employed titanium elements in locomotive braking resistance belt of the present invention, the resistance homogeneity of resistive band can be improved, the temperature coefficient of resistance of this resistive band can be reduced simultaneously, avoid the considerable influence of temperature variation to resistive band resistance, and then improve product quality.In addition, also added rare earth element, it is suitable for making the alloying performance of resistive band better.(3) preparation method of locomotive braking resistance belt comprises vacuum melting operation, the abundant content of the air in the resistive band of generation can be made less, ensure that the purity of product.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

Each predominant quantity degree that the locomotive braking resistance belt of the present embodiment comprises is: chromium: 13.5%, aluminium: 4.5%, titanium: 0.35%, carbon :≤0.04%, rare earth: 0.05%, iron: surplus.

Embodiment 2

Each predominant quantity degree that the locomotive braking resistance belt of the present embodiment comprises is: chromium: 14%, aluminium: 4.0%, titanium: 0.30%, carbon :≤0.03%, rare earth: 0.07%, iron: surplus.

Embodiment 3

Each predominant quantity degree that the locomotive braking resistance belt of the present embodiment comprises is: chromium: 14.5%, aluminium: 3.5%, titanium: 0.25%, carbon :≤0.02%, rare earth: 0.10%, iron: surplus.

Embodiment 4

The preparation method of the locomotive braking resistance belt in the various embodiments described above comprises following operation successively:

Vacuum melting; Esr; Forge; Hot rolling; Annealing thermal treatment; Pickling; Polishing deburring; Cold rolling; Gas shield is annealed; Itemize is shaping.

Wherein: the vacuum induction melting furnace that vacuum melting operation adopts east, Jinzhou metallurgical technology research company limited to produce, model ZG-0.5LB.Smelting temperature is 1500-1650 DEG C (the best is 1580 DEG C); Vacuum tightness≤0.13Pa.

Described gas shield annealing operation comprises: adopt continous way gas shield bright heat treatment electric furnace, for final annealing and the destressing process of resistive band, product enters burner hearth reach gas shield effect at (mol ratio: hydrogen 75%, the nitrogen 25%) mixed gas through constituents, whole annealing furnace take before, during and after three districts temperature controls operations, product enters boiler tube by a district and heats up, length is 3 meters, temperature control 850 DEG C; Two section length are 2 meters, and temperature control 800 DEG C, carries out heat preservation hot process; 3rd district, length is 3 meters of temperature controls 750 DEG C, carries out preserving temperature and reducing temperature process; Whole production line carries out under the linear velocity of 5-6 m/min, product after this equipment thermal treatment, surface-brightening, non-oxidation phenomenon, handled good product consistency.

The semicontinuous vacuum induction melting furnace of ZG-0.5LB is mainly used in all kinds of superalloy, Precise Alloy; iron-based, nickel-base alloy and some non ferrous metal and their alloy, under vacuum state or protection of inert gas, utilize the principle of Frequency Induction Heating to carry out melting, smelt, cast molding.This stove is except possessing the whole feature of general vacuum induction furnace, in feeding chamber and melting storehouse, separate with valve between melting storehouse and ingot mould storehouse, therefore can to carry out under vacuum condition feeding in raw material (thermometric), melting, ingot casting cooling and going out ingot not destroying, realize semi-successive cultivation.

The use temperature of the semicontinuous vacuum induction melting furnace of ZG-0.5LB generally depends on crucible material, and when doing crucible material with magnesium oxide, smelting temperature can reach 1800 DEG C; Can reach 1900 DEG C when doing crucible material with zirconium white, and when reaching 2500 DEG C with plumbago crucible, user can select crucible material kind according to the material of oneself melting.

The semicontinuous vacuum induction furnace of ZG-0.5LB by electric furnace body, intermediate frequency (IF) smelting power supply, electric control system, vacuum system, enter electric system, furnace tilting mechanism, inductor block, segregaion valve, hydraulic efficiency system, pneumatic system, water-cooling system form, and is provided with workplatform etc. in addition.

Described esr operation comprises:

1, the allotment of striking agent and remelting electroslag system: prepare striking agent with fluorite and titanium dioxide, use CaF ₂, Al ₂o ₃remelting electroslag system is made with CaO;

2, shove charge: chassis, striking agent, crystallizer and electrode are installed;

3, striking slag making: reduce electrode and electrode is contacted with striking agent, complete striking work, striking agent is melted, add remelting electroslag system;

4, smelt: control electric current 2400-2800A, voltage 38-41V, makes electrode melting, until crystallizer is filled;

5, cool: after having smelted, de-ingot air cooling after remelted ingot cools 30 minutes in a crystallizer;

The described operation that forges comprises:

1, heat: charging temperature :≤850 DEG C, heating-up time: >=60 minutes, Heating temperature: 1180-1250 DEG C, soaking time: >=50 minutes, initial forging temperature: >=1150 DEG C, final forging temperature: >=950 DEG C;

2, forging: forging adopts the second light industry bureau one weight, and two even methodologys, namely start to touch with less deflection, improve rear bang of taking the circumstances into consideration etc. plasticity, touch when closing on final forging temperature, deformation requirements is even again, avoid repeatedly clashing at same position, each feed should be less than bore wide, each feed should be greater than draught, avoid produce folding, when steel ingot forges, first forge microcephaly, microcephaly forges size qualification, then turns forging major part around;

Described hot-rolled process comprises:

Charging temperature :≤850 DEG C;

Heating-up time: >=50 minutes;

Heating temperature: 1180-1250 DEG C;

Soaking time: >=50 minutes;

Initial forging temperature: >=1150 DEG C;

Final forging temperature: >=950 DEG C;

Described annealing heat treatment step: thermal treatment temp is 780 DEG C, is incubated 5 hours;

Described pickling process: with sulfuric acid immersion, salt acid rinse to white, pickling temperature 50-80 DEG C, pickling time 20-30min.

Performance test table:

Test event	310S	N40	Example 1	Example 2	Example 3	Example 4	Example 5
								Resistance temperature variation factor (1000 DEG C)	1.295	1.219	1.13	1.13	1.13	1.12	1.13
Elongation	≥21	≥22	22	23	22	23	23
								Resistivity	0.95	1.04	1.24	1.24	1.25	1.23	1.24
Element maximum operation (service) temperature	950	1000	1200	1200	1200	1200	1200

Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for example of the present invention is clearly described, and is not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all embodiments.And these belong to spirit institute's apparent change of extending out of the present invention or change and are still among protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a preparation method for locomotive braking resistance belt, is characterized in that:

Each predominant quantity degree of described locomotive braking resistance belt is:

Chromium: 13.5-14.5%,

Aluminium: 3.5-4.5%,

Titanium: 0.25-0.35%,

Carbon :≤0.04%,

Rare earth: 0.05-0.10%,

Iron: surplus;

The preparation method of above-mentioned locomotive braking resistance belt comprises following operation successively:

Vacuum melting;

Esr;

Forge;

Hot rolling;

Annealing thermal treatment;

Pickling;

Polishing deburring;

Cold rolling;

Gas shield is annealed;

Itemize is shaping;

Adopt continous way gas shield bright heat treatment electric furnace, product entered burner hearth at the mixed gas through constituents, to reach gas shield effect, whole annealing furnace take before, during and after the temperature controls operation of 3rd district; Product is 3 meters by a section length, temperature control 850 DEG C; Two section length are 2 meters, temperature control 800 DEG C, to carry out heat preservation hot process; Three section length are 3 meters, temperature control 750 DEG C, to carry out preserving temperature and reducing temperature process; Whole production line carries out under the linear velocity of 5-6 m/min;

Described esr operation comprises:

(1), the allotment of striking agent and remelting electroslag system: prepare striking agent with fluorite and titanium dioxide, use CaF ₂, Al ₂o ₃remelting electroslag system is made with CaO;

(2), shove charge: chassis, striking agent, crystallizer and electrode are installed;

(3), striking slag making: reduce electrode and electrode is contacted with striking agent, complete striking work, striking agent is melted, add remelting electroslag system;

(4), smelt: control electric current 2400-2800A, voltage 38-41V, makes electrode melting, until crystallizer is filled;

(5), cooling: after having smelted, take off ingot air cooling after remelted ingot cools 30 minutes in a crystallizer.