CN103739806A - Polyurethane rigid foam plastic - Google Patents
Polyurethane rigid foam plastic Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103739806A CN103739806A CN201310710235.5A CN201310710235A CN103739806A CN 103739806 A CN103739806 A CN 103739806A CN 201310710235 A CN201310710235 A CN 201310710235A CN 103739806 A CN103739806 A CN 103739806A
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- polyether
- foam plastic
- rigid foam
- polyurethane
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4804—Two or more polyethers of different physical or chemical nature
- C08G18/4808—Mixtures of two or more polyetherdiols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/16—Catalysts
- C08G18/161—Catalysts containing two or more components to be covered by at least two of the groups C08G18/166, C08G18/18 or C08G18/22
- C08G18/163—Catalysts containing two or more components to be covered by at least two of the groups C08G18/166, C08G18/18 or C08G18/22 covered by C08G18/18 and C08G18/22
- C08G18/165—Catalysts containing two or more components to be covered by at least two of the groups C08G18/166, C08G18/18 or C08G18/22 covered by C08G18/18 and C08G18/22 covered by C08G18/18 and C08G18/24
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/16—Catalysts
- C08G18/18—Catalysts containing secondary or tertiary amines or salts thereof
- C08G18/1808—Catalysts containing secondary or tertiary amines or salts thereof having alkylene polyamine groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/16—Catalysts
- C08G18/22—Catalysts containing metal compounds
- C08G18/24—Catalysts containing metal compounds of tin
- C08G18/242—Catalysts containing metal compounds of tin organometallic compounds containing tin-carbon bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0025—Foam properties rigid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0083—Foam properties prepared using water as the sole blowing agent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/014—Additives containing two or more different additives of the same subgroup in C08K
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of polyurethane foam rigid plastic and particularly relates to polyurethane rigid foam plastic. The polyurethane rigid foam plastic material provided by the invention is prepared from isocyanate and a polyether composition in a mixed foaming manner, wherein the polyether composition is composed of 70-85 parts of raw material composite polyether, 3-7 parts of dimethyl ether, 8-15 parts of mullite and 4-8 parts of silicon carbide fine powder. The polyurethane rigid foam plastic provided by the invention can overcome the defect of bad mechanical property of existing rigid foam plastic and has good strength and toughness while ensuring the original high temperature resistance, fire resistance and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to polyurethane foam duroplasts technical field, more particularly relate to a kind of rigid polyurethane foams.
Background technology
Rigid polyurethane foams has the premium propertiess such as light weight, insulation, cold-resistant resistance to solvent, sound-absorbing and buffering antidetonation, be widely used in the thermal insulation material of the casing insulation thermospheres such as refrigerator, refrigerator-freezer, freezer, refrigerator car, buildings, storage tank and pipe insulation material, on a small quantity for nonadiabatic occasion, as the timber of walking back and forth, wrapping material etc., but because its mechanical property is poor, do not reach the service requirements of structured material.
As structured material, require to have certain intensity, rigidity and toughness etc.For improving polyurethane rigid foam plastic mechanical property, conventional method is improve density of material or add toughener, and wherein toughener has become one of focus of current research on the impact of polyurethane rigid foam plastic mechanical property.The toughener of having reported has mineral filler and fortifying fibre, and organic filler is mainly silicon-dioxide, calcium carbonate and double glazing particulate etc., and fortifying fibre is mainly glass fibre, organic fibre and carbon fiber etc.
Mullite is that a series of mineral that are comprised of aluminosilicate are referred to as, and because being found at first Mo Laidao, gains the name, and it seldom exists at occurring in nature, mainly adopts aluminosilicate at high temperature to carry out synthetic, and its main component is 3Al
2o
32SiO
2or 2 Al
2o
3siO
2.Mullite is mainly used in making high-performance ceramic, fire-resistant, high temperature resistant, Electronic Packaging and optical material etc. now, also can meet with other material and become the matrix material of superior performance.
Chinese patent (application number: 201210427347.5) disclose a kind of friction material composition for ceramic brake, it is mainly made by following compositions in weight percentage: Mullite Ceramic Fibres 14-18%, glue spraying aluminum silicate fiber 10-13%, aramid pulp 10-12%, red copper fiber 8-9%, potassium titanate crystal whisker 8-10%, nano-sized iron oxide 3-5%, aluminium hydroxide 0.8-1%, barite 7-12%, potassium felspar sand 8-10%, chromite 3-5%, magnesium hydroxide 1-1.5%, zinc oxide 0.2-0.5%, graphite granule 7-11%, expanded graphite 6-9%, paracril 1-2%, cashew nut oil modified alkyd resin 6-10%.Mullite Ceramic Fibres in this invention is a kind of fibrous light refractory materials, there is lightweight, high temperature resistant, Heat stability is good, thermal conductivity is low, specific heat is little and the advantage such as resistance to mechanical shock, after reasonably combined with other materials, brake facing surface hardness, frictional coefficient have effectively been improved, also heat transfer property and processing characteristics have been improved, with respect to existing ceramic brake, machinery and braking ability during this brake facing high temperature are better.
Chinese patent (application number: 200710131655.2) disclose a kind of abrasion-proof fire-resistant moldable refractory, it is by 60-80wt% corundum and/or mullite and/or Al2O3 >=80% bauxite clinker, 5-10wt%≤4 μ m alumina powder, 6-15wt%≤0.025mm chromium corundum fine powder, 2-6wt%≤1 μ m silicon powder, 5-10w% kyanite or andaluzite or sillimanite composition, additional 12-15wt% dihydro aluminum phosphate or Tai-Ace S 150 bonding agent, and 0.5-3wt% calcium aluminate or luminite cement setting accelerator.Compared with prior art, it is high that this abrasion-proof fire-resistant moldable refractory has density, and compressive strength is high, and wear resisting property is good, and slag resistance and corrosion resistance are strong, uses temperature high, greatly extended work-ing life, can meet requirements at the higher level and use.
But, in the available data retrieving, still do not have a kind of scheme that material mullite is applied in polyurethane rigid foam plastic preparation field, by the rational proportion of the each component of composition, make the polyurethane rigid foam plastic with superperformance.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a kind of rigid polyurethane foams with excellent mechanical performances, and this material can be used as prevention lumber, anti-stone material material, has the performances such as high temperature resistant, fire-resistant, also has good strength and toughness.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of rigid polyurethane foams, is obtained by component isocyanic ester and polyether composition mixed foaming, and wherein polyether composition comprises the component of following parts by weight: 70～85 parts of combined polyethers; 3～7 parts of dme; 8～15 parts of mullites; 4～8 parts of carbide fine powder.Described polyether composition and isocyanic ester obtain described rigid polyurethane foams for after 1:1～1:1.4 mixed foaming in mass ratio.
The present invention's isocyanic ester used mainly contains tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), diphenylmethanediisocyanate (MDI), polymethine polyphenyl polyisocyanate (PAPI) etc. and does on a small quantity other aliphatics and the aromatic organic isocyanate of special purpose.
The above combined polyether adopts the main raw material of following parts by weight to be mixed: 5～7 parts of glycerin polyether resins, 3～5 parts of glycol ether resins, 0.2～0.3 part of suds-stabilizing agent water-soluble silicon oil, 0.2～0.4 part of catalyzer pentamethyl-diethylenetriamine, 0.1～0.3 part of solidifying agent dibutyl tin laurate, 2～4 parts of deionized waters.
Material of the present invention preparation method's preparation routinely: at normal temperatures, isocyanate material is mixed and is poured in mould with polyether composition, be crushed to model, after material solidifies, take out, then carry out subsequent handling and for example spray pigment etc., obtain described rigid polyurethane foams.
Above-mentioned reaction adopts CO
2for whipping agent, or the CO that utilizes isocyanic ester and water reaction to produce
2(water foaming) as whipping agent, have advantages of nontoxic, safe, there is not recycling problem and do not need invest in the transformation of real estate foaming machine, be a kind of more satisfactory whipping agent at present.
Dme (DME) is a kind of colourless gas or compressed liquid at normal temperatures and pressures, has inertia, non-corrosiveness, non-carcinogenesis, also has good compatibility, soluble in water, can be miscible with most of polarity and non-polar organic solvent; Boiling point is low, inflammable, but after mixing with water, can obtain the characteristic of high boiling point and incombustible; Stable chemical nature, can standing storage and do not decompose or transform, and the life-span in atmospheric layer is very short, about approximately 10 days, can be degraded to carbonic acid gas and water, and ODP value is 0, thereby can not cause environmental pollution and damage the ozone layer.Due to water in prior art during as whipping agent, there is the defect that foamy body is low in polyurethane hard foam, Some Enterprises is by improving the consumption of isocyanate material or improving foam density and solve the problems referred to above, and this will cause production cost to raise, and hinders the popularization of full water foamed technology.The characteristic that dme can dissolve each other with water is easy to for full water foamed technology it, contributes to improve that full water foamed polyurethane hard foam intensity is low, poor stability, the poor defect of heat insulating ability, and can reduce isocyanic ester consumption; In addition, due to low viscosity and the characteristic of low surface tension of dme, for full water foamed system, can significantly reduce system viscosity, and improve each mixing property of component in system, the foaming thermal-insulating hole bubble of moulding is evenly distributed, heat-insulating property is stable; The mutual solubility of dme and polyether glycol is conducive to improve foaming efficiency and the dimensional stability of polyurethane hard foam simultaneously; Add that dme price is low, the wide advantage of originating, it can be used as the production of frothing aid for various polyurethane hard foams, and can effectively improve the use properties of polyurethane hard foam.
Mullite is a kind of refractory materials of high-quality, and it has the features such as expansion is even, thermal shock resistance is fabulous, load softening point is high, high temperature creep value is little, hardness is large, resistance to chemical corrosion is good.As the reinforcing filler of blown rigid plastics, can improve the mechanical property of plastics.
Silicon carbide be with quartz sand, refinery coke (or coal tar), wood chip be that raw material forms by resistance furnace pyrotic smelting.It has high temperature resistant, the advantage such as intensity is large, heat conductivility is good, shock resistance.Material carbon SiClx fine powder particle diameter of the present invention is between 1～7 micron.
Compared with prior art, rigid polyurethane foams of the present invention adopts mullite as reinforcing filler, can improve well the mechanical property of material, guaranteeing outside original performance such as high temperature resistant, fire-resistant, also there is good strength and toughness, reach the requirement of anti-true stone material, timber.And owing to adopting the whipping agent CO that ODP value is 0
2, avoided the harm of traditional whipping agent to environment.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the scope that embodiment represents.
embodiment 1
By mass fraction, take 5 parts of glycerin polyether resins, 5 parts of glycol ether resins, 0.2 part of suds-stabilizing agent water-soluble silicon oil, 0.2 part of catalyzer pentamethyl-divinyl, 0.3 part of solidifying agent dibutyl tin laurate, 2 parts of water, after mixing, form material combination polyethers, then according to 80 kilograms of combined polyethers, add 5 kilograms of dme, 10 kilograms of mullites and 5 kilograms of carbide fine powder, mix formation polyether composition, then in container with isocyanic ester in mass ratio 1:1.4 mix, pressing plate, solidify after obtain polyurethane rigid foam plastic.
embodiment 2
By mass fraction, take 6 parts of glycerin polyether resins, 4 parts of glycol ether resins, 0.3 part of suds-stabilizing agent water-soluble silicon oil, 0.3 part of catalyzer pentamethyl-divinyl, 0.2 part of solidifying agent dibutyl tin laurate, 3 parts of water, after mixing, form material combination polyethers, then according to 80 kilograms of combined polyethers, add 5 kilograms of dme, 8 kilograms of mullites and 7 kilograms of carbide fine powder, mix formation polyether composition, then in container with isocyanic ester in mass ratio 1:1.3 mix, pressing plate, solidify after obtain polyurethane rigid foam plastic.
embodiment 3
By mass fraction, take 7 parts of glycerin polyether resins, 3 parts of glycol ether resins, 0.2 part of suds-stabilizing agent water-soluble silicon oil, 0.4 part of catalyzer pentamethyl-divinyl, 0.2 part of solidifying agent dibutyl tin laurate, 3 parts of water, after mixing, form material combination polyethers, then according to 70 kilograms of combined polyethers, add 7 kilograms of dme, 15 kilograms of mullites and 8 kilograms of carbide fine powder, mix formation polyether composition, then in container with isocyanic ester in mass ratio 1:1.4 mix, pressing plate, solidify after obtain polyurethane rigid foam plastic.
embodiment 4
By mass fraction, take 6 parts of glycerin polyether resins, 4 parts of glycol ether resins, 0.3 part of suds-stabilizing agent water-soluble silicon oil, 0.3 part of catalyzer pentamethyl-divinyl, 0.3 part of solidifying agent dibutyl tin laurate, 4 parts of water, after mixing, form material combination polyethers, then according to 85 kilograms of combined polyethers, add 3 kilograms of dme, 8 kilograms of mullites and 4 kilograms of carbide fine powder, mix formation polyether composition, then in container with isocyanic ester in mass ratio 1:1.1 mix, pressing plate, solidify after obtain polyurethane rigid foam plastic.
embodiment 5
By mass fraction, take 5 parts of glycerin polyether resins, 5 parts of glycol ether resins, 0.2 part of suds-stabilizing agent water-soluble silicon oil, 0.2 part of catalyzer pentamethyl-divinyl, 0.3 part of solidifying agent dibutyl tin laurate, 2 parts of water, after mixing, form material combination polyethers, then according to 75 kilograms of combined polyethers, add 4 kilograms of dme, 15 kilograms of mullites and 6 kilograms of carbide fine powder, mix formation polyether composition, then in container with isocyanic ester in mass ratio 1:1.0 mix, pressing plate, solidify after obtain polyurethane rigid foam plastic.
embodiment 6
By mass fraction, take 6 parts of glycerin polyether resins, 4 parts of glycol ether resins, 0.3 part of suds-stabilizing agent water-soluble silicon oil, 0.3 part of catalyzer pentamethyl-divinyl, 0.3 part of solidifying agent dibutyl tin laurate, 3 parts of water, after mixing, form material combination polyethers, then according to 80 kilograms of combined polyethers, add 4 kilograms of dme, 12 kilograms of mullites and 4 kilograms of carbide fine powder, mix formation polyether composition, then in container with isocyanic ester in mass ratio 1:1.2 mix, pressing plate, solidify after obtain polyurethane rigid foam plastic.
Claims (2)
1. a rigid polyurethane foams, by component isocyanic ester and polyether composition mixed foaming and obtain, is characterized in that, described polyether composition comprises the component of following parts by weight:
70～85 parts of combined polyethers;
3～7 parts of dme;
8～15 parts of mullites;
4～8 parts of carbide fine powder;
Described polyether composition and isocyanic ester obtain described rigid polyurethane foams for after 1:1～1:1.4 mixed foaming in mass ratio.
2. rigid polyurethane foams according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described combined polyether adopts the main raw material of following parts by weight to be mixed:
5～7 parts of glycerin polyether resins;
3～5 parts of glycol ether resins;
0.2～0.3 part of suds-stabilizing agent water-soluble silicon oil;
0.2～0.4 part of catalyzer pentamethyl-diethylenetriamine;
0.1～0.3 part of solidifying agent dibutyl tin laurate;
2～4 parts of deionized waters.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310710235.5A CN103739806A (en) | 2013-12-22 | 2013-12-22 | Polyurethane rigid foam plastic |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310710235.5A CN103739806A (en) | 2013-12-22 | 2013-12-22 | Polyurethane rigid foam plastic |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103739806A true CN103739806A (en) | 2014-04-23 |
Family
ID=50496884
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310710235.5A Pending CN103739806A (en) | 2013-12-22 | 2013-12-22 | Polyurethane rigid foam plastic |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103739806A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105906780A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-08-31 | 安徽三彩工贸有限责任公司 | Low temperature resistant polyurethane rigid foamed plastic |
| CN109851740A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-06-07 | 安徽中科都菱商用电器股份有限公司 | The foamed heat-insulating material and preparation method thereof of medical ultra low temperature freezer |
| CN114085515A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-02-25 | 安能(广州)科学技术有限公司 | Heat-resistant, flame-retardant and wear-resistant tire containing nano inorganic mullite alumina hollow microspheres |
-
2013
- 2013-12-22 CN CN201310710235.5A patent/CN103739806A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105906780A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-08-31 | 安徽三彩工贸有限责任公司 | Low temperature resistant polyurethane rigid foamed plastic |
| CN109851740A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-06-07 | 安徽中科都菱商用电器股份有限公司 | The foamed heat-insulating material and preparation method thereof of medical ultra low temperature freezer |
| CN114085515A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-02-25 | 安能(广州)科学技术有限公司 | Heat-resistant, flame-retardant and wear-resistant tire containing nano inorganic mullite alumina hollow microspheres |
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Application publication date: 20140423 |
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| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |