CN103731030A - Synchronous rectification buck-boost converter - Google Patents
Synchronous rectification buck-boost converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN103731030A CN103731030A CN201210388715.XA CN201210388715A CN103731030A CN 103731030 A CN103731030 A CN 103731030A CN 201210388715 A CN201210388715 A CN 201210388715A CN 103731030 A CN103731030 A CN 103731030A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a synchronous rectification buck-boost converter. The synchronous rectification buck-boost converter at least comprises a controller, a first transistor, a second transistor, an inductor and a capacitor. The controller is connected with the grid electrode of the first transistor and the grid electrode of the second transistor so as to control breakover of the first transistor and the second transistor and then control current of the inductor and charging and discharging of the capacitor. The first transistor and the second transistor are connected in series and are further connected to the controller and the inductor. The inductor can be further connected with a first external power supply unit or a first external loading device. The drain electrode of the first transistor can be connected to a second external loading device or a second external power supply unit, so that the low-voltage input power of the first external power supply unit is converted to the high-voltage output power, or the high-voltage input power of the second external power supply unit is converted to the low-voltage output power. Therefore, synchronous rectification boost-buck conversion functions are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of type of voltage step-up/down converter, especially utilize the transistor of low on-resistance to replace diode, and there is synchronous rectification, to reach the power conversion demand of two-way (buck) direct current to direct current (DC/DC).
Background technology
For general electronic product or electric equipment products, need different DC power supply for electric operation, such as general integrated circuit needs 5V, the 3V of low pressure or even lower 1.8V, operate, and the lamp bar with the light-emitting diode of a plurality of series/parallel connections combinations also needs the power supply of tens of volts to light the light-emitting diode of all or part.In addition, electro-motor often needs the power supply of 12V and drives, and especially also needs higher drive current.
In general prior art, can utilize synchronous rectification boost or reduction voltage circuit to realize boosting or step-down conversion of DC power supply, produce the power supply with required voltage size.In practice, conventional mode is to utilize two diodes, coordinates electric capacity and single or two inductance, is suitably controlled the conducting of diode by controller, and then controls discharging and recharging of inductance and electric capacity, and produces out-put supply.
Yet, the shortcoming of prior art is that the conducting resistance of diode is larger, while being applied in large current applications, can cause the power loss of change-over circuit itself excessive, especially under the agitation of carbon reduction at present, European Union has formulated the lowest range of relevant power consumption, and clearly sets the concrete implementation date, uses and eliminates unaccommodated electronics or electric commodity.Therefore, need a kind of synchronous rectification type of voltage step-up/down converter, there is very low power consumption, use the problem that solves above-mentioned prior art.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of synchronous rectification type of voltage step-up/down converter, mainly comprise: controller, the first transistor, transistor seconds, inductance, electric capacity, boost resistor and dropping resistor, can be in order to realize boosting (Boost) and step-down (Buck) translation function of synchronous rectification, wherein the emitter-base bandgap grading of the first transistor and the drain electrode of transistor seconds interconnect, and be further connected to one end of controller and inductance, controller connects the grid of the first transistor and transistor seconds to control the conducting of the first transistor and transistor seconds or to cut out, the other end of inductance can be connected to boost resistor, electric capacity and the first external power source unit/the second external loading device, and the drain electrode of the first transistor can be connected to dropping resistor and the first external loading device/the second external power source unit, boost resistor and dropping resistor are also connected to respectively controller so that feedback loop to be provided.
Controller can be controlled discharging and recharging of inductance and electric capacity and operate to realize boost conversion, and the low pressure input power that the first external power source unit is provided converts high-voltage output power supply to, and through the drain electrode of the first transistor and export the first external loading device to, or realize step-down conversion, and convert the high input voltage power supply from the second external power source unit to low pressure out-put supply, and through the other end of inductance and export the second external loading device to.
The first transistor and transistor seconds have low on-resistance, can reduce slewing distortion and reduce power consumption, and especially controller can operate according to built-in firmware program.Therefore, synchronous rectification type of voltage step-up/down converter of the present invention can, according to practical application request, be upgraded required firmware program and can reach easily different electrical characteristic demands.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is for showing the boost operations schematic diagram of first embodiment of the invention synchronous rectification type of voltage step-up/down converter;
Fig. 2 is for showing the reduced pressure operation schematic diagram of first embodiment of the invention synchronous rectification type of voltage step-up/down converter;
Fig. 3 is for showing the boost operations schematic diagram of second embodiment of the invention synchronous rectification type of voltage step-up/down converter;
Fig. 4 is for showing the reduced pressure operation schematic diagram of second embodiment of the invention synchronous rectification type of voltage step-up/down converter;
Fig. 5 is for showing the function block schematic diagram of controller of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is for showing the boost operations oscillogram of synchronous rectification type of voltage step-up/down converter of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is for showing the reduced pressure operation oscillogram of synchronous rectification type of voltage step-up/down converter of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is for showing the oscillogram of transistor gate in first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 9 is for showing the oscillogram of transistor gate in second embodiment of the invention.
Wherein, description of reference numerals is as follows:
10 controllers
11 choose unit
13 pulse width modulations (PWM) control unit
15 driving control unit
17 driver elements
20 the first transistors
22 the first transistors
30 transistor secondses
40 inductance
50 electric capacity
60 boost resistors
70 dropping resistors
80 first external power source unit
82 second external power source unit
90 first external loading devices
92 second external loading devices
The Boost_VFB feedback end that boosts
Buck_VFB step-down feedback end
DRVH the first drive end
DRVL the second drive end
ON_OFF switch-over control signal
Embodiment
Those of ordinary skill in the art below coordinate graphic and component symbol to do more detailed description to embodiments of the present invention, so that can implement according to this after studying this specification carefully.
With reference to figure 1 and Fig. 2, be respectively boosting and reduced pressure operation schematic diagram of synchronous rectification type of voltage step-up/down converter of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, the synchronous rectification type of voltage step-up/down converter of first embodiment of the invention comprises controller 10, the first transistor 20, transistor seconds 30, inductance 40, electric capacity 50, boost resistor 60 and dropping resistor 70, can have boosting (Boost) and step-down (Buck) translation function of synchronous rectification characteristic in order to realize.
Particularly, controller 10 at least has input Enable Pin Enable, the first drive end DRVH, the second drive end DRVL, feedback end Boost_VFB and step-down feedback end Buck_VFB boost, wherein inputting Enable Pin Enable is to transmit the enable signal of being inputted by outside, the first drive end DRVH and the second drive end DRVL connect respectively the grid of the first transistor 20 and transistor seconds 30, and boost feedback end Boost_VFB and step-down feedback end Buck_VFB connect respectively one end of boost resistor 60 and one end of dropping resistor 70.Be noted that controller 10 can be carried out specific firmware program and be realized required function by microprocessor mat, or directly utilize particular electrical circuit and realize.
The drain electrode of the first transistor 20 connects the other end of dropping resistor 70, and the emitter-base bandgap grading of the first transistor 20 connects the drain electrode of transistor seconds 30 and one end of inductance 40, and the emitter-base bandgap grading of transistor seconds 30 is ground connection.In addition, the other end of inductance 40 connects one end of electric capacity 50 and the other end of boost resistor 60, and the other end of electric capacity 50 is ground connection.
In addition, the other end of inductance 40 connects the first external power source unit 80, and the drain electrode of the first transistor 20 further connects the first external loading device 90, use the low-voltage input power that the first external power source unit 80 is provided and convert high voltage out-put supply to and export the first external loading device 90 to, thereby realize boost conversion function.Another way is, the other end of inductance 40 connects the second external loading unit 92, and the drain electrode of the first transistor 20 further connects the second external power source device 82, use the high voltage input power that the second external power source unit 82 is provided and convert low-voltage output power supply to and export the second external loading device 92 to, thereby realize step-down translation function.The first above-mentioned external power source unit 80 and the second external power source device 82 are DC power supply, can comprise primary cell, secondary cell or solar panels.
With reference to figure 3 and Fig. 4, be respectively boosting and reduced pressure operation schematic diagram of second embodiment of the invention synchronous rectification type of voltage step-up/down converter, wherein the second embodiment of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is similar to respectively the first embodiment of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, its Main Differences is that the first transistor 20 and the transistor seconds 30 in the first embodiment is all to realize with N-type transistor, but in a second embodiment, the first transistor 20 is to use P transistor npn npn and transistor seconds 30 is to use N-type transistor, wherein N-type transistor can comprise N-type metal oxide semiconductor transistor (NMOS), and P transistor npn npn can comprise P-type mos transistor (PMOS).Therefore, the characteristic of all the other elements repeats no more.
The concrete operations of above-mentioned controller 10 are described as follows the mode with hardware circuit unit.
With reference to figure 5, be the function block schematic diagram of controller of the present invention, its middle controller 10 comprises chooses unit 11, pulse width modulation (PWM) control unit 13, driving control unit 15 and driver element 17.Choose unit 11 and connect input Enable Pin Enable, feedback end Boost_VFB and step-down feedback end Buck_VFB boost, use when the enable signal of input Enable Pin Enable is high levels, to be sent to pulse width modulation control unit 13 from boost resistor 60 and dropping resistor 70 feedback signal inputted via boosting feedback end Boost_VFB and step-down feedback end Buck_VFB, and according to the feedback signal receiving, produce specific pulse width modulation (PWM) control signal by pulse width modulation control unit 13, that is the pulse duration in pwm control signal is that appropriate modulation becomes greater or lesser according to feedback signal.
Then, driving control unit 15 receives pwm control signal, and the filtering that utilizes schmidt trigger (Schmitt Trigger) circuit or filter circuit to carry out high-frequency noise or dither signal (Glitch) is processed, when enable signal is high levels, output drive control signal is to driver element 17.Finally, driver element 17 is according to drive control signal, and coordinates switch-over control signal ON_OFF, produces and export corresponding pwm signal, in order to drive the first transistor 20 and transistor seconds 30.In addition, switch-over control signal ON_OFF can input by internal preset or by outside.
Be noted that the above-mentioned operation of choosing unit 11, pulse width modulation (PWM) control unit 13, driving control unit 15 and driver element 17 also can mat execution firmware program realize.
For further illustrating practical operation of the present invention, please refer to Fig. 6 to Fig. 9, wherein Fig. 6 is boost operations oscillogram, and Fig. 7 is reduced pressure operation oscillogram, Fig. 8 is the oscillogram of transistor gate in the first embodiment, and Fig. 9 is the oscillogram of transistor gate in the second embodiment.
As shown in Figure 6, when the present invention be utilize Fig. 1 or Fig. 3 be configured to carry out boost operations time, the opening the opening that sequential (Q2 on) staggers under with the control of PWM mode mutually at controller 10 of sequential (Q1 on) and transistor seconds 30 of the first transistor 20 and not overlapping, makes the input voltage (Vi) of the first external power source unit 80 can be via the electric current (i on inductance 40
l) and coordinate the operation of electric capacity 50 and raise, thereby the average voltage (Vi/ (1-D)) of the first output voltage (Vout) on external loading device 90 is greater than input voltage (Vi), to reach the object of boosting, wherein D is less than 1, is defined as the ratio of opening sequential (Q1 on) and system PWM switching cycle (Ts) of the first transistor 20.
Similar in addition, as shown in Figure 7, when the present invention be utilize Fig. 2 or Fig. 4 be configured to carry out reduced pressure operation time, under the control of controller 10, the sequential (Q1 on) of opening of the first transistor 20 is and the opening sequential (Q2 on) and can allow electric current (i on inductance 40 of transistor seconds 30
l) and coordinate the operation of electric capacity 50 and make the input voltage (Vi) of the second external power source unit 82 be lowered to average voltage (DVi) and export the second external loading device 92 to, use the step-down object that reaches required.
In addition, the corresponding waveform of grid voltage (VG1 or the Vgs1) waveform of the grid voltage of above-mentioned the first transistor 20 (VG1 or Vgs1) and transistor seconds 30 and the grid voltage (VG2 or Vgs2) of the first transistor 22 and transistor seconds 30 is respectively as shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, wherein the first transistor 20 and transistor seconds 30 are NMOS, and the first transistor 22 is PMOS, and the NCH-ON in figure represents that NMOS is opened, NCH-OFF represents that NMOS is closed, PCH-ON represents that PMOS is opened, and PCH-OFF represents that PMOS is closed.
In sum, feature of the present invention is to utilize single inductance, and coordinate two N-type transistors, and under the suitable control of controller, realize the buck translation function of synchronous rectification, especially also can utilize a P transistor npn npn and a N-type transistor to realize congenerous, thereby can simplify circuit structure, and then improve integrated operation stability.
Another feature of the inventive method is that controller is to realize with digit manipulation substantially, therefore can reduce the susceptibility to system noise or external noise, reduce annoyance level, and the electric operation of controller can mat firmware program be realized, therefore can mat renewal firmware program change operating characteristic, to correspond to actual needs, improve adaptability, expand application.
The foregoing is only to explain preferred embodiment of the present invention, not attempt is done any pro forma restriction to the present invention according to this.Therefore, all have under identical invention spirit, do relevant any modification of the present invention or change, all must be included in the category that the invention is intended to protection.
Claims (7)
1. a synchronous rectification type of voltage step-up/down converter, in order to realize, there is boosting (Boost) and step-down (Buck) translation function of synchronous rectification characteristic, it is characterized in that, this synchronous rectification type of voltage step-up/down converter comprises a controller, one the first transistor, one transistor seconds, one inductance, one electric capacity, one boost resistor and a dropping resistor, wherein this controller at least has an input Enable Pin, one first drive end, one second drive end, one boost feedback end and a step-down feedback end, this input Enable Pin is to transmit an enable signal of being inputted by outside, this first drive end and this second drive end connect respectively the grid of this first transistor and this transistor seconds, this boost feedback end and this step-down feedback end connect respectively one end of this boost resistor and one end of this dropping resistor, the drain electrode of this first transistor connects the other end of this dropping resistor, the emitter-base bandgap grading of this first transistor connects the drain electrode of this transistor seconds and one end of this inductance, and the emitter-base bandgap grading of this transistor seconds is ground connection, the other end of this inductance connects one end of the other end and this electric capacity of this boost resistor, and the other end of this electric capacity is ground connection, the other end that the drain electrode of this first transistor further connects one first external loading device and this inductance further connects one first external power source unit, using the low-voltage input power that this first external power source unit is provided converts high voltage out-put supply to and exports this first external loading device to, or the drain electrode of this first transistor further connects the further one second external loading device that connects of the other end of one second external power source unit and this inductance, using the high voltage input power that this second external power source unit is provided converts low-voltage output power supply to and exports this second external loading device to.
2. synchronous rectification type of voltage step-up/down converter as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, this controller comprises chooses unit, one pulse width modulation (PWM) control unit, one driving control unit and a driver element, this is chosen unit and connects this input Enable Pin, this boost feedback end and this step-down feedback end, use when the enable signal of this input Enable Pin is high levels, to boost feedback end and this step-down feedback end and the feedback signal inputted is sent to this pulse width modulation control unit from this boost resistor and this dropping resistor and via this, and according to the feedback signal receiving, produce a pulse width modulation control signal by this pulse width modulation control unit, this driving control unit receives this pulse width modulation control signal and utilizes schmidt trigger (Schmitt Trigger) circuit or filter circuit to carry out filtering processing, and then when this enable signal is high levels, export a drive control signal to this driver element, this driver element is according to this drive control signal and coordinate a switch-over control signal, produce and export a corresponding pulse width modulation signal, in order to drive this first transistor and this transistor seconds, and this switch-over control signal is inputted by internal preset or by outside.
3. synchronous rectification type of voltage step-up/down converter as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, this chooses unit, this pulse width modulation control unit, this driving control unit and this driver element is to utilize hardware circuit to realize.
4. synchronous rectification type of voltage step-up/down converter as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, this controller is a microprocessor, and this to choose unit, this pulse width modulation control unit, this driving control unit and this driver element be that mat is carried out a firmware program and realizes.
5. synchronous rectification type of voltage step-up/down converter as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, this first external power source unit and this second external power source device are DC power supply, comprise primary cell, secondary cell or solar panels.
6. synchronous rectification type of voltage step-up/down converter as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, this first transistor and this transistor seconds are to utilize N-type transistor to realize, and this N-type transistor comprises N-type metal oxide semiconductor transistor (NMOS).
7. synchronous rectification type of voltage step-up/down converter as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, this the first transistor is that this transistor seconds is to realize with N-type transistor with P transistor npn npn, this N-type transistor comprises N-type metal oxide semiconductor transistor (NMOS), and this P transistor npn npn comprises P-type mos transistor (PMOS).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210388715.XA CN103731030A (en) | 2012-10-15 | 2012-10-15 | Synchronous rectification buck-boost converter |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210388715.XA CN103731030A (en) | 2012-10-15 | 2012-10-15 | Synchronous rectification buck-boost converter |
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| CN103731030A true CN103731030A (en) | 2014-04-16 |
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| CN201210388715.XA Pending CN103731030A (en) | 2012-10-15 | 2012-10-15 | Synchronous rectification buck-boost converter |
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| CN105871232A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2016-08-17 | 产晶积体电路股份有限公司 | Power source control device capable of dynamically adjusting driving ability |
| CN111210782A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-05-29 | 上海闻泰电子科技有限公司 | Synchronous rectification backlight driving circuit, electronic equipment and method |
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