CN103729148A - SSD with RAID function - Google Patents

SSD with RAID function Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103729148A
CN103729148A CN201310746661.4A CN201310746661A CN103729148A CN 103729148 A CN103729148 A CN 103729148A CN 201310746661 A CN201310746661 A CN 201310746661A CN 103729148 A CN103729148 A CN 103729148A
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raid
ssd
controller
module
mmc
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CN201310746661.4A
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骆建军
楚传仁
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SAGE MICROELECTRONICS Corp
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SAGE MICROELECTRONICS Corp
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Priority to CN201310746661.4A priority Critical patent/CN103729148A/en
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Abstract

The invention provides an SSD with an RAID function. The SSD comprises an SSD controller and a plurality of NVMs, wherein the SSD controller is connected with a host computer through an interface to receive and transmit information and comprises an embedded RAID controller, and the NVMs are connected with the SSD controller. Under the control of the embedded RAID controller, the SSD controller initiates information receiving, information transmitting and information storage between the SSD controller and the NVMs.

Description

A kind of solid state hard disc with RAID function
Technical field
The present invention relates to computer data field of storage, relate in particular to a kind of solid state hard disc of the RAID of having function.
Background technology
In prior art, the avatar of relevant Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) (redundant array of independent disks is called for short RAID) is varied.
[3] RAID is the memory technology that multiple disk drive is organized into a logical block.Different according to the demand of redundancy and performance, data can be scattered by different brackets (RAID level) between driver.
At present, RAID generally, for computer data protection storage, isolates data by multiple phisical drives and backs up.An application example of RAID is using memory array as a virtual drive, by operating system, is read and write and accesses.Different implementations and framework are the balances of the main performance index such as reliability, availability, performance and capacity, and add that with RAID numeral names (such as RAID0, RAID1).Grade is greater than the RAID rank of RAID0 and can avoids the expendable read error of single disk and cause whole disk failure.
Take RAID6 as example, it distributes and carries out two parity checkings for other striping of block level, and the fault-tolerant ability of maximum two driving malfunction is provided.In the available system of height, this ability makes RAID group more practical.Large capacity drive from single drives unsuccessfully the time lengthening of recovery, it is important all the more that fault-tolerant ability seems.Single driving unsuccessfully reduces the performance of whole array, until this failed driving is replaced with related data, is rebuild.
A RAID system drives (solid state drives is called for short SSD) composition by multiple hard disks of knowing (Hard Disk Drive is called for short HDD) and solid state hard disc.HDD is take built-in tape as medium, with motor-driven disk.SSD is comprised of flash memory.They are just like SCSI(Small Computer System Interface, be called for short SCSI), IDE(Integrated Device Electronics, be called for short IDE), SATA(Serial Advanced Technology Attachment, abbreviate SAT A), PCI(Peripheral Component Interconnect, be called for short PCI) and interface PCIE(PCI-Express).
But independently HDD and SSD make RAID system power dissipation become large, volume increases.
Therefore, need to improve RAID system from power consumption, price and volume aspect.
Summary of the invention
Between the demand, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of solid-state drive (SSD), it has one and comprises the SSD controller that embeds RAID controller, with multiple non-volatile memory modules (NVMs), described multiple non-volatile memory modules (NVMs) connect SSD controller.Described SSD controller has been connected information transmit-receive by interface with main frame.Further, described SSD controller is embedding under the control of RAID controller, information transmit-receive and storage between described SSD controller initiation and NVMs.In brief, under the control of embedded RAID controller, described SSD controller is stored and reading out data NVMs.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described memory module is safe digital card (SD).
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described memory module is multimedia card (MMC).
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described memory module is to embed multimedia card (eMMC).
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, SD module connects RAID controller by SD bus.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, MMC module connects RAID controller by MMC bus.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, eMMC module connects RAID controller by eMMC bus.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, data transmission interface can be SCSI, IDE, ATA, SATA, PCI, PCIE, SD, MMC or eMMC.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the function of RAID controller is one of multiple RAID mode (rank), and described RAID mode (rank) comprises RAID1, RAID5 and RAID6.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described RAID controller comprises the RAID steering logic being connected with multiple memory modules.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, RAID steering logic is connected with multiple memory modules by SD main frame or MMC/eMMC main frame.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described NVMs is nand flash memory or NOR flash memory.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, NVMs is phase transition storage (PCM), ferroelectric memory (F-RAM) or magnetoresistive memory (MRAM).
For further understanding essence and the advantage of described driver, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows RAIM system example of the present invention;
Fig. 2 shows the RAID controller example in RAIM system in Fig. 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 3 (a)-3 (c) shows respectively SD card, eMMC module and mmc card schematic diagram, and above-mentioned module is included in RAIM system 2;
Fig. 4 shows another example of the present invention, and in this example, RAID controller has the function of RAID5.
Fig. 5 shows the storage data instance in each module 24 in Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 shows another example of the present invention: in this embodiment, described RAID controller has RAID1 function;
Fig. 7 shows independent SD module 1 in Fig. 6 and the data storage example of SD module 2;
Fig. 8 shows a system example of the present invention;
Fig. 9 shows another system example of the present invention;
Figure 10 shows another system example of the present invention.
Embodiment
Alleged " embodiment " or " embodiment " refers to special characteristic, structure or the characteristic that can be contained at least one implementation of the present invention herein.Different local in this manual " in one embodiment " that occur not all refer to same embodiment, neither be independent or the embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiment optionally.
The present invention has embodied characteristic and the principle of redundant array standalone module (RAIM), and it has the function of Redundant Array of Independent Disks.But RAID drives (SSD) unit form by independent hard drive (HDD) or solid state hard disc, RAIM is by one group of memory module independently: secure data card (SD), multimedia card (MMC) or embedded MMC (eMMC) formation.These memory modules of RAIM have low-power consumption, cost performance height and the little feature of volume.
Fig. 1 shows an an example of the present invention RAID system 2, and it comprises that a RAID controller 20,1 is to N module 24, and wherein N is integer.RAID controller 20 connects each module 24 by bus 23.In addition, RAID controller also connects main frame by interface 21.
Each module 24 can be secure data card (SD), multimedia card (MMC) or embedding MMC(eMMC).In a specific embodiment, described bus 23 is SD buses, MMC bus, or eMMC bus, and the type decided of module 24 is in the bus matching.Similarly, interface 21 is SCSI, IDE, ATA, SATA, PCI, PCIE, SD, MMC or eMMC interface.
In system operational process, between the RAID controller 20 of RAIM system 2 and main frame 1, mutually carry out information transmit-receive.The reception of information is with the form of order and data, and data will be stored in module 24 by RAID controller 20.Data show in the industry, and RAID controller 20 can be managed N module efficiently.For example, RAID system 2 is RAID0 systems, and RAID controller is at two or more between driver (as the module 24 of Fig. 1), carry out striping data function.For another example, RAIM system 2 has RAID1 function, and RAID controller is mirror image data between two drivers (module 24).Details, please respectively with reference to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, are example here, and which kind of function of RAID controller depends on that the technology of RAIM system employing is relevant.
Traditional RAID system consists of independent disk (HDD or SSD) array, and system 2 is comprised of separate, stored module array, in conjunction with RAID controller, has obvious advantage in price, volume and power consumption.These modules 24 are comprised of SD, MMC or eMMC: SD should meet SD relevant criterion; MMC and eMMC should meet MMC and electronic component industrial combination meeting (JEDEC) relevant criterion.
RAID controller, by module 24 grouping managements, makes RAID system 2 power consumption size reductions, and therefore makes cost performance increase.For example, in Figure 4 and 5, RAID controller has the function of RAID5, and packet is divided into A1 according to 512byte size, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3 ... sequence, and module 4 is used for depositing parity values, the arbitrary data bag damaging for recovering intermodule.The packet size of packet can be also 1K byte, 2K byte or other length.Compare RAID system, each memory module 24 can be counted as independently virtual drive (virtual independent disk is called for short VID), and this makes RAIM system 2 have higher reliability.For example, this system has hot plug and built-in automaticdata Restoration Mechanism, and Maintenance Engineer can replace aging eMMC or SD module by new module.For example, if the module 2 of Fig. 6 is pulled out and uses new SD module to replace, the full detail of RAID controller copy module 1, to new module, then recovers the state before whole RAIM system is removed to module 2.This single driver also can be as creating an efficient RAID2.
Fig. 2 show with Fig. 1 of the present invention in RAID controller example in RAIM system.Described RAID controller 20 has comprised an interface protocol (IP) 201, microprocessor 200, RAID steering logic 203, and N SD, MMC, eMMC main frame 205.Described IP connects bus 21 and data buffer 202, to respond the information from described microprocessor 200.The message that described data buffer 202 is sent in order to receive microprocessor 200, and be further connected to described RAID steering logic 203.Described RAID steering logic 203 connects each main frame 205, and communicates by bus 23 and module 24.
Microprocessor 200 executive softwares, notice IP201 removes to receive or send information to main frame 1 and data buffer 202.IP201 controlled by microprocessor 200 and data buffer 202 starts data transmission, data buffer 202 buffer memorys write memory module 24 to or the data of reading from memory module 24.Be connected to the RAID steering logic 203 between data buffer 202 and SD main frame 205, by microprocessor 200, control the exchanges data between data data buffer 202 and SD main frame 205.Each main frame 205 sends order by bus 23 and gives its connected memory module 24, reading state data transmission.From the angle of module, main frame 205 is exactly SD or MMC, eMMC card reader.
Fig. 3 (a)-3 (c) shows respectively the SD card being included in RAIM system 2, eMMC module and mmc card.
Fig. 4 shows another example of RAID controller.RAID controller class in Fig. 4 is like the controller in Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, and RAID steering logic 203 ˊ are steering logics of RAID5 type.
Fig. 5 shows module 24 in Fig. 4 and stores the example of data.For clear, module 24 is designated as 24-1,24-2,24-3 and 24-4.Data exist with the form of piece in 24-3 at 24-1, and 24-4 is as correction verification module, for storing the parity values of 24-1 to 24-3 data.Tetra-pieces of 502-508 of Fig. 5 are stored in module 24-1,24-2, and 24-3, and module 24-4 stores the parity values of each relevant block.For example, piece 502 is by A1, and A2 and A3 form, and are stored in module 24-1, and A2 exists 24-2, and A3 exists 24-3.A kind of form of verification is that A1, A2 and A3 are carried out to ORing operation, and result is stored in to correction verification module A (Ap) the inside of module 24-4.In like manner, B1, B2 and B3 are put in respectively 24-1,24-2, and 24-3, executable operations, result is put in the correction verification module B (Bp) of 24-4, and B1-B3 has formed piece 504.This is applied to piece 506 and 508 equally.
Fig. 6 shows another example of RAID controller.Except steering logic 203 〞 parts, in figure, RAID controller 20 other parts is similar with RAID controller 202 '.Steering logic 203 〞 connect main frame 205 by bus 23 and SD module 24 is RAID1 types.
Fig. 7 shows the data storage example of SD module 1 and SD module 2 in Fig. 6.RAID steering logic 203 〞 are parts of RAIM system, and the content of its data block has been mirrored.For example, in RAID1 grade, as the A1 of a part of SD module 1 of piece or piece, and the A2 of SD module 2 equates.In like manner, the B2 of the B1 of SD module 1 and SD module 2 is equal, by that analogy.
Fig. 8 has shown a system example of the present invention, and it is one, and by the SSD2 of interface 802 and main-machine communication, described interface 802 is similar to interface 21, and described SSD2 also can connect main frame by intermediate equipment.SSD2 connects n non-volatile memory modules (NVMs) 823 by nonvolatile module interface (NVM busses) 822, and n is integer, described NVMs respective channel 0 to n-1.
Described SSD2 comprises SSD controller 821, described SSD controller 821 comprises a CPU815, impact damper 813, a direct memory access (direct memory access, be called for short DMA) 814, one embed RAID controller 816 and n non-volatile controller module 811, described module 811 connects NVMs823 by bus 822.In brief, each nonvolatile module 811 connects a NVM by independent NVM bus.
Controller 816 is embedded in SSD2, has the various functions of RAID, in its practical application, takes the form of single integrated chip or the circuit board of integrated multiple chips.Described controller is supported RAID0, in 1,2,3,4,5,6 one, and multiple grades or its integrated mode, and according to respective level or the defined rule and methodology of pattern, non-volatile memory controller module 811 is carried out to reading and writing data.
RAID controller 82 comprises at least one non-volatile memory controller 811, and normally, described non-volatile memory controller 811 is more than one, for managing one group of nonvolatile memory chip.Described non-volatile memory controller 811 contains submodule or the functions such as loss equalizing algorithm, error correction algorithm (Error Correction Code is called for short ECC), scrambler generator.Normally nand flash memory of NVMs821 in described RAID controller 82, can be also NOR flash memory, or phase transition storage (PCM), ferroelectric memory (F-RAM), magnetoresistive memory (MRAM).
Described system at least comprises a nonvolatile memory bus 822, normally more than one in practical application, and non-volatile memory controller module 811 is by these bus 822 access datas.
During the operation of described system, CPU815 controls and drives interface 812 by interface 802 reception information (to order and the form of data), and is stored in SATA internal buffer 813 temporarily.Then, RAID controller 816 is controlled DMA(Direct Memory Access, is called for short DMA) module 814, from impact damper 813, transfer data to RAID controller 816, be distributed to flash controller 811, finally complete the operation of main frame save data to NVMs823.
Described RAID controller 816 is configurable to support multiple RAID grade, and in an instantiation, described CPU815 is configured to some grades by device 816 processed control RAID.
Fig. 9 shows another system example of the present invention, and wherein, RAID controller 816 is configured to RAID1 grade.Describe similarly to Fig. 5, described RAID controller 816 is by non-volatile controller 811 toward 3 NVMs823 distributing datas, and the 4th NVM is for storage parity value.RAID controller 816 in Fig. 9, non-volatile controller 811, NVMs823 is consistent with Fig. 8 appropriate section.
Figure 10 shows a system example more of the present invention, and now RAID controller 816 is configured to another grade RAID3.In figure, NVMs823 only comprises NVM1 and NVM2, and described controller 816 is at NVM1 distributing data, at NVM2 mirror image data.
The present invention is to a certain extent by fully detailed description.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the disclosed just example of current embodiment, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, scope definition of the present invention is the explanation of its protection domain rather than above embodiment.

Claims (13)

1. a solid state hard disc (SSD), is characterized in that: it comprises:
A SSD controller, it connects main frame to realize information transmit-receive by interface, and described SSD controller comprises one and embeds RAID controller; With
Multiple non-volatile memory modules (NVMs), this module connects SSD controller, is embedding under the control of RAID controller information transmit-receive and storage between described SSD controller initiation and NVMs.
2. SSD according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described memory module is safe digital card (SD).
3. SSD according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described memory module is multimedia card (MMC).
4. SSD according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described memory module is to embed multimedia card (eMMC).
5. SSD according to claim 2, is characterized in that: SD module connects RAID controller by SD bus.
6. SSD according to claim 3, is characterized in that: MMC module connects RAID controller by MMC bus.
7. SSD according to claim 4, is characterized in that: eMMC module connects RAID controller by eMMC bus.
8. SSD according to claim 1, is characterized in that: data transmission interface can be SCSI, IDE, ATA, SATA, PCI, PCIE, SD, MMC or eMMC.
9. SSD according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the function of RAID controller is one of multiple RAID mode (rank), and described RAID mode (rank) comprises RAID1, RAID5 and RAID6.
10. SSD according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described RAID controller comprises the RAID steering logic being connected with multiple memory modules.
11. SSD according to claim 10, is characterized in that: RAID steering logic is connected with multiple memory modules by SD main frame or MMC/eMMC main frame.
12. SSD according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described NVMs is nand flash memory or NOR flash memory.
13. SSD according to claim 1, is characterized in that: NVMs is phase transition storage (PCM), ferroelectric memory (F-RAM) or magnetoresistive memory (MRAM).
CN201310746661.4A 2013-12-30 2013-12-30 SSD with RAID function Pending CN103729148A (en)

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Cited By (6)

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CN104199685A (en) * 2014-08-13 2014-12-10 上海新储集成电路有限公司 I/O device and computer system with same
CN104601729A (en) * 2015-02-06 2015-05-06 浪潮集团有限公司 Method for using NVMe to realize high-performance cloud storage
TWI569152B (en) * 2014-10-29 2017-02-01 惠普發展公司有限責任合夥企業 Communicating over portions of a communication medium
CN106776110A (en) * 2016-12-29 2017-05-31 忆正科技（武汉）有限公司 A kind of control method for reading strategy for solid-state storage
CN106933513A (en) * 2017-03-06 2017-07-07 联想(北京)有限公司 Single-deck storage system and electronic equipment with RAID functions
WO2018059495A1 (en) * 2016-09-30 2018-04-05 华为技术有限公司 Solid state drive (ssd), storage device, and data storage method

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US20080052459A1 (en) * 2006-08-25 2008-02-28 Icreate Technologies Corporation Redundant array of independent disks system
CN1924786A (en) * 2006-09-29 2007-03-07 我想科技股份有限公司 Individual disc redundancy array system
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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104199685A (en) * 2014-08-13 2014-12-10 上海新储集成电路有限公司 I/O device and computer system with same
TWI569152B (en) * 2014-10-29 2017-02-01 惠普發展公司有限責任合夥企業 Communicating over portions of a communication medium
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CN104601729A (en) * 2015-02-06 2015-05-06 浪潮集团有限公司 Method for using NVMe to realize high-performance cloud storage
WO2018059495A1 (en) * 2016-09-30 2018-04-05 华为技术有限公司 Solid state drive (ssd), storage device, and data storage method
CN107885457A (en) * 2016-09-30 2018-04-06 华为技术有限公司 A kind of solid-state hard disk SSD, storage device and date storage method
CN106776110A (en) * 2016-12-29 2017-05-31 忆正科技（武汉）有限公司 A kind of control method for reading strategy for solid-state storage
CN106933513A (en) * 2017-03-06 2017-07-07 联想(北京)有限公司 Single-deck storage system and electronic equipment with RAID functions
CN106933513B (en) * 2017-03-06 2020-08-25 联想(北京)有限公司 Single-disk storage system with RAID function and electronic equipment

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Application publication date: 20140416