CN103723800A - Method for protecting electric filter and removing electronegative colloids and particles in brine wastewater by electrodialysis - Google Patents
Method for protecting electric filter and removing electronegative colloids and particles in brine wastewater by electrodialysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN103723800A CN103723800A CN201310717320.4A CN201310717320A CN103723800A CN 103723800 A CN103723800 A CN 103723800A CN 201310717320 A CN201310717320 A CN 201310717320A CN 103723800 A CN103723800 A CN 103723800A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for protecting electric filter and removing electronegative colloids and particles in brine wastewater by electrodialysis. Anion-exchange membranes, partition meshes and anion-exchange membranes are sequentially and alternately arranged between the negative plate and positive plate to constitute an electric filter water channel, and are clamped by a clamping device to constitute an electric filter. When brine wastewater containing electronegative colloids and particles enter the electric filter, a direct current is applied between the positive and negative plates, so that the electronegative colloids and particles in the brine wastewater migrate to the anion-exchange membranes under the action of the electric field; and in the migration process, the electronegative colloids and particles are blocked by the anion-exchange membranes and adhere to the membrane surface or are embedded into the pores of the membranes, thereby removing the electronegative colloids and particles in the brine wastewater. The wastewater adsorbed by the electric filter enters subsequent electrodialysis equipment to perform desalting operation, thereby lowering the pollution level of the negative membranes of the electrodialysis equipment, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the electrodialysis equipment and prolonging the service life of the electrodialysis equipment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water treatment and brine waste concentration technique field, more specifically relate to and a kind ofly by electric field, remove in brine waste the macromolecular electrodialysis of electronegativity colloid, particulate and electronegativity that to electrodialytic desalting device steady running has a serious harm electrofilter and method for protection.
Background technology
Along with the development of traditional electrical osmotic technique, and the requirement of society to water utilization rate, electrodialytic technique is in Industrial Wastewater Treatment field, and particularly high salt sewage disposal and sewage " zero release " aspect have shown its unique advantage.But in electrodialysis appts long-time running, due to complicated component in trade effluent, the electrodialytic membranes particularly pollution problem of cavity block becomes a bottleneck that restricts electrodialytic technique broader applications.
Electrodialyzer is comprised of five parts such as yin, yang ion-exchange membrane, dividing plate net, electrode, gripping unit and direct supplys.Under DC Electric Field, water intermediate ion displacement in solution, utilizes the selection perviousness of ion-exchange membrane, realizes concentrated, the desalination of solution and purifies.
Electrodialysis unit for sewage disposal moves after for some time continuously, there will be ion-exchange membrane surface and inner blocked, causes that membrane resistance increases, energy consumption rises, and runner pressure drop increases, and desalination declines, this phenomenon is called film to be polluted, and pollutes while acquiring a certain degree, and device can not normally move.Thereby the pollution rule of research ion-exchange membrane, set up and effectively alleviate and remove the measure that film pollutes, be a key issue that solves electrodialytic technique broader applications.
The principle of work of electrodialysis appts has determined that the pollution modes of electrodialyzer anode membrane is mainly fouling, and the pollution of electrodialysis cavity block is mainly that electronegative colloid in water, particulate and some electronegativity macromole are under the effect of electric field or be adsorbed in female die surface or be embedded in the cavity block causing in the inner duct of cavity block dirty stifled, its phenomenon is to cause the decline of electrodialysis cavity block ratio of desalinization, resistance rising, energy consumption to strengthen, runner pressure drop raises, and causes the paralysis of electrodialytic desalting device when serious.Thereby effectively removing electronegative colloid, particulate and some electronegativity macromole in electrodialysis water inlet is one of important factor guaranteeing electrodialysis steady running.
At present, the measure about preventing that electrodialytic membranes from polluting, mainly comprises following 5 aspects.
1, frequently pole-reversing;
2, by pulsed electrical, replace direct current;
3, colloid or organic content in strict control water inlet;
4, strengthen compartment thickness, and play and stir and cleanup action to importing air in compartment;
5, in solution, add medicament, with fouling tendency ionic interaction.
The above-mentioned measure overwhelming majority is for preventing that electrodialysis anode membrane from polluting, and only having the 3rd " colloid or organic content in strict control water inlet " is for preventing that electrodialysis cavity block from polluting, but does not provide concrete grammar.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of electrodialysis protection with electrofilter and utilize this electrofilter to remove in brine waste the normal macromolecular low operating cost method of electronegativity colloid, particulate and electronegativity that has harm of moving of electrodialytic desalting device.
For reaching this object, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
One of object of the present invention is to provide a kind of electrodialysis protection electrofilter, and described electrofilter is comprised of anion-exchange membrane, dividing plate net, electrode, gripping unit and direct supply;
Between negative plate and positive plate, by anion-exchange membrane and dividing plate net alternative arrangement, form electrofilter water stream channel, after clamping, gripping unit forms electrofilter.
Gripping unit of the present invention can be known by those skilled in the art from prior art, in the specific implementation, can design with reference to the gripping unit in electrodialyzer.
Described electrodialysis protection can be used for realizing the object of removing electronegative macromole, colloid and particulate in brine waste with electrofilter, avoids the cavity block of follow-up electrodialysis appts to pollute.
Described dividing plate net adopts high resistivity thermoplastic material, is selected from polypropylene, polycarbonate or polycarbonate and ethylene vinyl acetate.
Described dividing plate net adopts rectangular configuration, and both sides are sealed edge, and meshed straight general formula inlet conduit is established in bottom, is connected with the water inlet cloth tank of electrofilter bottom; Meshed straight general formula outlet passage is established at top, is connected with the water outlet collecting tray at electrofilter top.Described dividing plate netting gear has high-efficiency mixed flow effect structure, has good sealing function simultaneously.
Described anion-exchange membrane is selected from a kind of in out-phase anion-exchange membrane, half homogeneous-phase anion exchange film or homogeneous-phase anion exchange film.
Described anion-exchange membrane adopts the old film of replacing in electrodialytic desalting device, to realize the recycling of electrodialytic membranes, reduces the pollution to environment.
Two of object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of utilizing electrofilter as above to remove electronegativity colloid, particulate in brine waste,
When the brine waste that contains electronegativity colloid, particulate enters after electrofilter, at positive/negative plate, add direct current, electronegativity colloid, particulate in brine waste move to anion-exchange membrane under electric field action, in transition process, being subject to anion-exchange membrane intercepts, be attached to film surface or embed in film inner duct, thereby removing electronegativity colloid, the particulate in brine waste.
The pretreated low-hardness waters such as described brine waste is, turbidity removal hard through falling.
After electrofilter absorption is saturated, electrode is switched and is passed into aqueous sodium hydroxide solution electrofilter is carried out after backwash and regeneration, continues to use.
The volumetric molar concentration of described sodium hydroxide solution is 0.1～1mol/L.
Three of object of the present invention is to provide a kind of electrofilter of the above that utilizes to carry out pre-treatment to water, thereby ensure the method for electrodialysis operation steady in a long-term, brine waste is first after electrostatic filter adsorption treatment, remove electronegativity colloid, particulate and electronegativity macromole wherein, then enter follow-up electrodialysis appts and carry out desalination operation.
Waste water after electrostatic filter adsorption treatment enters follow-up electrodialysis appts and carries out desalination operation, can reduce the pollution level of electrodialysis appts cavity block, guarantees electrodialysis appts operation steady in a long-term.
Compare with prior art scheme, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1) the present invention, according to the pollution mechanism of electrodialysis cavity block, under electric field action, utilizes anion-exchange membrane to carry out active adsorption, removal to endangering electronegativity colloid, particulate and the macromole of the normal operation of electrodialysis in water inlet;
2) electrofilter of the present invention is removed electronegativity colloid, particulate and macromole nearly all can pollute electrodialysis cavity block, and the material that can not be removed by electrofilter can cause electrodialysis cavity block to pollute hardly, has very high selectivity and adsorption rate;
3) the present invention can utilize the old film of replacing in electrodialytic desalting device, realizes the second stage employ of old film, is conducive to environment protection;
4) brine waste that the present invention processes comprises petrochemical industry sewer, Coal Chemical Industry coking chemical waste water and oily(waste)water etc.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of electrofilter for electrodialysis protection of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-anion-exchange membrane; 2-dividing plate net; 3-negative plate; 4-positive plate; 5-brine waste; 6-produces water.
Below the present invention is described in more detail.But following example is only simple and easy example of the present invention, does not represent or limit the scope of the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion with claims.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and by embodiment, further illustrate technical scheme of the present invention.
For the present invention is described better, be convenient to understand technical scheme of the present invention, typical but non-limiting embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of electrodialysis protection electrofilter, described electrofilter is comprised of anion-exchange membrane 1, dividing plate net 2, electrode, gripping unit and direct supply;
Between negative plate 3 and positive plate 4, by anion-exchange membrane and dividing plate net alternative arrangement, form electrofilter water stream channel, after clamping, gripping unit forms electrofilter.
Described dividing plate net adopts high resistivity thermoplastic material, is selected from polypropylene, polycarbonate or polycarbonate and ethylene vinyl acetate.
Described dividing plate net adopts rectangular configuration, and both sides are sealed edge, and meshed straight general formula inlet conduit is established in bottom, is connected with the water inlet cloth tank of electrofilter bottom; Meshed straight general formula outlet passage is established at top, is connected with the water outlet collecting tray at electrofilter top.
Described anion-exchange membrane is selected from a kind of in out-phase anion-exchange membrane, half homogeneous-phase anion exchange film or homogeneous-phase anion exchange film.
The old film that described anion-exchange membrane can adopt electrodialytic desalting device to replace.
A kind of method of utilizing above-mentioned electrofilter to remove electronegativity colloid, particulate in brine waste, when the brine waste 5 that contains electronegativity colloid, particulate enters after electrofilter, at positive/negative plate, add direct current, electronegativity colloid, particulate in brine waste 5 move to anion-exchange membrane under electric field action, in transition process, being subject to anion-exchange membrane intercepts, be attached to film surface or embed in film inner duct, thereby removing electronegativity colloid, the particulate in brine waste 5, obtaining and produce water 6.
The pretreated low-hardness waters such as described brine waste 5 is, turbidity removal hard through falling.
After electrofilter absorption is saturated, electrode is switched and is passed into aqueous sodium hydroxide solution electrofilter is carried out to backwash and regeneration.
The volumetric molar concentration of described sodium hydroxide solution is 0.1～1mol/L.
Utilize above-mentioned electrofilter to carry out an electrodialytic method, first brine waste after electrostatic filter adsorption treatment, removes electronegativity colloid, particulate and electronegativity macromole wherein, then enters follow-up electrodialysis appts and carries out desalination operation.
Specific embodiment 1
Water outlet after the pre-treatment such as the Wastewater Form Circulating Cooling Water in petrochemical industry is hard through removing, turbidity removal, promotes through pump and enters electrofilter of the present invention, continuously operation.By under meter, regulate flow velocity, and by regulating voltage and current control COD removal effect.The flooding velocity of electrofilter is 1m
3/ h, applying voltage is 30V, demonstration electric current is 8A, every sampling in 1 hour, detects.Before and after processing, water-quality guideline is shown in Table 1.From the results shown in Table 1, after this electrofilter is processed, in water, COD content obviously reduces, and average removal rate is 26%, reaches as high as 51.0%.
COD situation after table 1 electrostatic filter is processed
Water outlet after the pre-treatment such as the Wastewater Form Circulating Cooling Water of Coal Chemical Industry coal chemical enterprise is hard through removing, turbidity removal, promotes through topping-up pump and enters electrofilter of the present invention, continuously operation.By under meter, regulate flow velocity, and by regulating voltage and current control COD removal effect.The flooding velocity of electrofilter is 1m
3/ h, applying voltage is 35V, demonstration electric current is 10A, every sampling in 1 hour, detects.Before and after processing, water-quality guideline is shown in Table 2.From the results shown in Table 2, after this electrofilter is processed, in water, COD content obviously reduces, and average removal rate is 35.4%, reaches as high as 38.5%.
COD situation after table 2 electrostatic filter is processed
Comparative example 3
Adopt in petrochemical industry through turbidity removal, except the pretreated Wastewater Form Circulating Cooling Water such as hard is as former water, adopt two same model electrodialyzer A, B to form two cover systems, a set of is electrofilter+electrodialyzer A of the present invention, another set of is electrodialyzer B, by measuring membrane stack Pressure Drop in operational process, judge electrodialysis cavity block pollution level, compare test.
Two initial pressure reduction of electrodialyzer are measured: former water minute two-way after pump promotes enters electrodialyzer A and B, keeps flooding velocity to be stabilized in 1m
3/ h, then adds constant voltage 30V, records electrodialyzer A, B import and export two ends pressure drop and is respectively 3.35kpa and 3.57kpa.
Electrodialyzer A, B share a D.C. regulated power supply, adopt constant voltage operation, and adopt dense water acid adding mode, regulate dense water pH value between 4～6, the fouling of prevention electrodialyzer anode membrane.Former water minute two-way after pump promotes enters above-mentioned experimental installation, keeps flooding velocity to be stabilized in 1m
3/ h, it is 30V that electrofilter applies voltage, demonstration electric current is 8A, keeps electrofilter institute making alive stable, continuously operation.Then by detecting respectively A, two electrodialyzer Inlet and outlet water pressure reduction of B, the large person of Inlet and outlet water pressure reduction, illustrates that electrodialyzer runner is dirty stifled serious, thus the dirty stifled degree of judgement electrodialyzer runner and cavity block.
Table 3 different operating time electrodialyzer inlet outlet pressure differential
Comparative example 4
Adopt the sugary stoste in biochemical sugaring process, with two same model electrodialyzer A, B, form two cover systems, a set of is electrofilter+electrodialyzer A of the present invention, another set of is electrodialyzer B, by measuring membrane stack Pressure Drop in operational process, judge electrodialysis cavity block pollution level, compare test.
Two initial pressure reduction of electrodialyzer are measured: former water minute two-way after pump promotes enters electrodialyzer A and B, keeps feed liquor stability of flow at 0.6m
3/ h, then adds constant voltage 30V, records electrodialyzer A, B import and export two ends pressure drop and is respectively 6.55kpa and 6.69kpa.
Electrodialyzer A, B share a D.C. regulated power supply, adopt constant voltage operation.Stoste minute two-way after pump promotes enters above-mentioned experimental installation, keeps flooding velocity to be stabilized in 0.6m
3/ h, it is 30V that electrofilter applies voltage, demonstration electric current is 7.2A, keeps electrofilter institute making alive stable, continuously operation.Then by detecting respectively A, two electrodialyzer Inlet and outlet water pressure reduction of B, the large person of Inlet and outlet water pressure reduction, illustrates that electrodialyzer runner is dirty stifled serious, thus the dirty stifled degree of judgement electrodialyzer runner and cavity block.
Table 4 different operating time electrodialyzer inlet outlet pressure differential
Applicant's statement, the present invention illustrates detailed structure feature of the present invention and method by above-described embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned detailed structure feature and method, do not mean that the present invention must rely on above-mentioned detailed structure feature and method could be implemented.Person of ordinary skill in the field should understand, any improvement in the present invention, to the selection of the increase of the equivalence replacement of the selected parts of the present invention and accessory, concrete mode etc., within all dropping on protection scope of the present invention and open scope.
More than describe the preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail; but the present invention is not limited to the detail in above-mentioned embodiment, within the scope of technical conceive of the present invention; can carry out multiple simple variant to technical scheme of the present invention, these simple variant all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in addition, each concrete technical characterictic described in above-mentioned embodiment, in reconcilable situation, can combine by any suitable mode, for fear of unnecessary repetition, the present invention is to the explanation no longer separately of various possible array modes.
In addition, between various embodiment of the present invention, also can carry out arbitrary combination, as long as it is without prejudice to thought of the present invention, it should be considered as content disclosed in this invention equally.
Claims (9)
1. an electrodialysis protection electrofilter, is characterized in that, described electrofilter is comprised of anion-exchange membrane (1), dividing plate net (2), electrode, gripping unit and direct supply;
Between negative plate (3) and positive plate (4), by anion-exchange membrane and dividing plate net alternative arrangement, form electrofilter water stream channel, after clamping, gripping unit forms electrofilter.
2. electrofilter as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described dividing plate net adopts high resistivity thermoplastic material;
Preferably, described high resistivity thermoplastic material is selected from polypropylene, polycarbonate or polycarbonate and ethylene vinyl acetate;
Preferably, described dividing plate net adopts rectangular configuration, and both sides are sealed edge, and meshed straight general formula inlet conduit is established in bottom, is connected with the water inlet cloth tank of electrofilter bottom; Meshed straight general formula outlet passage is established at top, is connected with the water outlet collecting tray at electrofilter top.
3. electrofilter as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described anion-exchange membrane is selected from a kind of in out-phase anion-exchange membrane, half homogeneous-phase anion exchange film or homogeneous-phase anion exchange film.
4. the electrofilter as described in one of claim 1-3, is characterized in that, the old film that described anion-exchange membrane adopts electrodialytic desalting device to replace.
5. the electrofilter of utilization as described in one of claim 1-4 removed a method for electronegativity colloid, particulate in brine waste, it is characterized in that,
When the brine waste that contains electronegativity colloid, particulate enters after electrofilter, at positive/negative plate, add direct current, electronegativity colloid, particulate in brine waste move to anion-exchange membrane under electric field action, in transition process, being subject to anion-exchange membrane intercepts, be attached to film surface or embed in film inner duct, thereby removing electronegativity colloid, the particulate in brine waste.
6. the pretreated low-hardness waters such as method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described brine waste is, turbidity removal hard through falling.
7. the method as described in claim 5 or 6, is characterized in that, after described electrofilter absorption is saturated, switches and passes into aqueous sodium hydroxide solution electrofilter is carried out to backwash and regeneration by electrode.
8. method as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, the volumetric molar concentration of described sodium hydroxide solution is 0.1～1mol/L.
9. the utilization electrostatic filter pre-treatment as described in one of claim 1-4 removes electronegativity colloid, particulate and electronegativity macromole, then carry out the method for electrodialytic desalting, it is characterized in that, brine waste is first after electrostatic filter adsorption treatment, remove electronegativity colloid, particulate and electronegativity macromole wherein, then enter follow-up electrodialysis appts and carry out desalination operation.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN106110890A (en) * | 2016-07-03 | 2016-11-16 | 温州大学 | The segregation apparatus of a kind of magnesium lithium ion and separation method thereof |
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