CN103710622A - 690MPa-yield-strength low-yield-tensile-ratio antiseismic steel and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
690MPa-yield-strength low-yield-tensile-ratio antiseismic steel and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a 690MPa-yield-strength low-yield-tensile-ratio antiseismic steel and a manufacturing method thereof, belonging to the technical field of architectural structural steel. The antiseismic steel comprises the following chemical components: 0.05-0.13wt.% of C, 0.00-0.50wt.% of Si, 1.50-2.50wt.% of Mn, less than 0.012wt.% of P, less than 0.006wt.% of S, 0.15-0.50wt.% of Mo, 0.02-0.12wt.% of Nb, 0.00-0.15wt% of V, 0.01-0.025wt.% of Ti, 0.0010-0.0030wt.% of B, 0.01-0.06wt.% of Al and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. On such basis, one or more of the following alloy elements are added: 0.00-0.80wt% of Cu, 0.00-0.50wt% of Cr and 0.00-1.00wt% of Ni. The total addition amount of the alloy elements in the steel is not greater than 5%. A heavy and medium plate mill is utilized to perform controlled rolling and controlled cooling to obtain the fine-grain bainite-martensite structure; and two-phase region secondary isothermal heat treatment is combined to obtain a certain amount of metastable austenite/microalloy precipitate enhanced substrate; the antiseismic steel satisfies the requirements for mechanical properties of 690MPa-yield-strength architectural antiseismic design code, can be used in an antiseismic structure, and can also be used in the field of engineering machinery.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to structure iron technical field for building, particularly a kind of yield strength 690MPa level low yield strength ratio shock resisting steel and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
Because shock resistance is good, space availability ratio is large, flexible design is attractive in appearance, reusable edible, production cycle is short, reliable in quality is easy to control, steel building occurs in a large number.Earthquake-resistant building structure below following, the not external tensile strength 590MPa rank of domestic 460 MPa grade yield strength is generally applied and promotes with steel plate of moderate thickness.High level, large span, the development trend that safe, economical environment-protective is modern heavy construction.In order to adapt to this development trend, earthquake-resistant structure with structural steel towards the development of high intensity levels more, thereby steel plate is fallen heavily subtract thick, can economize on resources and the energy, reduce material of construction cost, reduce welding metal and welding job amount.
At present, other earthquake-resistant building structure steel of yield strength 550MPa and 690MPa level is research and development and application focus.Steel plate for building structure GB GB/T19879-2005 not yet carries out stdn requirement to the steel grade of above two kinds of intensity ranks.Yet seismic design provision in building code GB50011-2010 has carried out the mechanical property requirements without intensity rank difference to antidetonation building structural steel: the yield strength measured value of steel and the ratio of tensile strength measured value should not be greater than 0.85; Steel should have obvious surrender step, and elongation should not be less than 20%; Steel should have good weldability and qualified impelling strength.This code requirement is stricter than the requirement of steel plate for building structure GB GB/T19879-2005.Reaching above standard mechanical property requirements becomes the technological difficulties of yield strength 550MPa and other earthquake-resistant building structure use steel of 690MPa level.Other earthquake-resistant building structure steel of yield strength 690MPa level particularly, according to GB50011-2010 code requirement, low yield strength ratio requires its tensile strength to reach 900MPa left and right, strength and ductility product reaches 18GPa% left and right, by special, harsh heat treated sheet steel, can reach as TRIP steel, Q & P steel, and the plate of moderate thickness that reaches this performance there is not yet report.
Use for reference sheet steel and control a certain amount of remnants, metastable austenite carries out the thinking of plasticising and the toughness reinforcing principle of metastable austenite (referring to document: J.W.Morris, Jr., Z.Guo, C.R.Krenn and Y.-H.Kim.The Limits of Strength and Toughness in Steel.ISIJ International, Vol.41 (2001), No.6, pp.599-611.), steel of the present invention adopts combined microalloying design, in conjunction with controlled rolling and controlled cooling and γ+α two-phase region secondary isothermal heat treatment technique, obtained heterogeneous, multiple dimensioned, metastable organization, reached the mechanical property requirements of the seismic design provision in building code of yield strength 690MPa level, can in earthquake-resistant building structure, apply.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of yield strength 690MPa level low yield strength ratio shock resisting steel and manufacture method, in chemical composition, adopt low-carbon (LC) and austenitizing stable element Mn, the composite alloying design of Ni and Cu, micro-Ti processes, Nb+V combined microalloying, controlled rolling crystal grain thinning, low Mo+B microalloy treatment improves hardening capacity, then within the scope of γ+α two-phase region, under differing temps, carry out secondary isothermal processing, impel microalloy second-phase precipitation strength Xi Jing tempered martensite, promote austenite stable element C simultaneously, Mn, Ni, the elements such as Cu diffuse to γ " partition " process mutually from α matrix, the final some amount metastable austenite phase that disperse distributes in matrix that obtains, thereby acquisition high-yield strength, the comprehensive mechanical property of low yield strength ratio and high-elongation.
Yield strength 690MPa level low yield strength ratio earthquake-resistant building structure provided by the invention with chemical composition and the content of steel is: C:0.05～0.13wt.%, Si:0.00～0.50wt.%, Mn:1.50～2.50wt.%, P:<0.012wt.%, S:<0.006wt.%, Mo:0.15～0.50wt.%, Nb:0.02～0.12wt.%, V:0.00～0.15wt%, Ti:0.01～0.025wt.%, B:0.0010～0.0030wt.%, Al:0.01～0.06wt.%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.The total addition level of steel interalloy element should be not more than 5%, is weight percentage.On mentioned component basis, add again following one or more alloying elements: Cu:0.00～0.80wt%, Cr:0.00～0.50wt%, Ni:0.00～1.00wt%, and the total addition level of steel interalloy element should be not more than 5%.
The effect of each element of the present invention and proportioning are according to as follows:
Carbon: carbon is one of most important element of relationship strength, it has strong solution strengthening effect, is also the bioelement of microalloy nanometer second-phase, significantly improves hardening capacity, plays phase transformation strengthening effect; One of it or austenite stabilizer element in addition, during the isothermal of γ+α two-phase region, it will be enriched in austenite, improve stabilization of austenite, be conducive to the final acquisition of metastable austenite.The carbon content scope of steel of the present invention is 0.05～0.13wt.%, and carbon content is lower than 0.05wt.%, and hardening capacity metastable austenite quantity bad and that obtain is very few, cannot play phase transformation plasticising and toughening effect; Carbon content is higher than 0.13wt.%, and cementite is too much, and On Impact Toughness and welding property are unfavorable.
Silicon: one of deoxidant element in steel have stronger solution strengthening effect, but excessive Si will worsen toughness and the welding property of steel simultaneously.Comprehensive above-mentioned consideration, steel silicone content scope of the present invention is 0.00～0.50wt.%.
Manganese: manganese is the crucial alloying element that improves hardening capacity and obtain metastable austenite.Identical with carbon, manganese is also one of austenite stabilizer element, and enrichment in austenite during the isothermal processes of γ+α two-phase region improves stabilization of austenite, is conducive to room temperature and obtains remaining metastable austenite; In addition, manganese has certain solution strengthening effect simultaneously.The manganese content range of steel of the present invention is 1.5～2.5.wt.%, lower than the Mn of 1.5wt.%, is difficult to make two-phase region isothermal austenite stable, unfavorable to continuous casting billet quality higher than the Mn of 2.5wt.%.
Molybdenum: significantly improve the hardening capacity of steel, reduce temper brittleness, improve the resistance for delayed fracture of steel.When Mo and microalloy element add jointly, also can improve the high temperature dimensional stability of microalloy precipitated phase, reduce its alligatoring tendency, be conducive to improve precipitation strength effect.Molybdenum content during lower than 0.15wt.% above-mentioned effect not remarkable; When molybdenum content surpasses 0.50wt.%, above-mentioned action effect is saturated, and cost is higher.Therefore, steel molybdenum content of the present invention should be controlled within the scope of 0.15-0.50wt.%.
Chromium: improve hardening capacity and the atmospheric corrosion resistance of steel, but higher Cr content is unfavorable to welding property, should be controlled in 0.50wt.%.
Nickel: nickel is austenite stabilizer element, during the isothermal of γ+α two-phase region, it will enrichment in austenite, improves stabilization of austenite, is conducive to finally obtain metastable austenite; In addition, nickel improves hardening capacity and the atmospheric corrosion resistance of steel, but its price is high, should be controlled in 1.0wt.%.
Copper: improving hardening capacity and the atmospheric corrosion resistance of steel, is also one of austenitizing stable element, and the nano level Cu phase particle of Precipitation has certain precipitation strength effect, but because surface selectivity is oxidized, be easy to produce hot-short problem containing Cu steel.Therefore when adding higher Cu, also will add more than 0.5 times Ni, in order to control cost, Cu content is no more than in 0.80wt.%.
Boron: strong segregation is in austenite grain boundary and other lattice defect place, add the above boron of 10ppm can significantly improve hardening capacity, but it is saturated that boron content surpasses 0.003% rear above-mentioned effect, but also may form various disadvantageously containing B precipitated phase to hot workability and toughness, so boron content should be controlled in 0.003wt.%.
Niobium: there is the effect of organizing after stronger refinement phase transformation.By solid solution niobium and the deformation induced Nb (C, N) that separates out, to the effect of austenite recrystallization strongly inhibited, obtain the non-recrystallization austenite with higher defect concentration, organize after improving follow-up Nucleation rate refinement phase transformation.In addition, it is also more remarkable that solid solution niobium in austenite improves hardening capacity effect, at the NbC of γ+α two-phase region isothermal precipitation or containing the composite micro-alloyed second-phase inhibition of Nb martensite recrystallize, plays the remarkable effect of refinement heat-treated sturcture and second-phase strengthening.Steel content of niobium of the present invention is in 0.02-0.12%.%.The above-mentioned effect of Nb lower than 0.02wt.% is not remarkable, and become not obvious and cost of the effect of the too high further thinning microstructure of Nb improves.
Vanadium: the VC particle dispersion of Precipitation is tiny from martensite or ferrite matrix, has significant precipitation strength effect.Steel V content of the present invention is controlled in 0.15%, and too high precipitation strength effect improves not obvious, and cost is higher.
Titanium: when micro-Ti processes, Ti is mainly combined with N, Precipitation from solid steel, the TiN particle of formation nano-grade size, its Main Function is austenite crystal in refinement 2 Mo Steel Slab during Heating Process.Under the modern times, advanced smelting iron and steel was controlled, N content is generally no more than 70ppm.According to the desirable stoicheiometry of TiN, the interpolation of Ti content is generally no more than 0.025wt.%, and too high Ti easily forms thick liquation TiN, the toughness plasticity of grievous injury steel on the contrary.Too low Ti can not form consolidating of effective quantity and analyse TiN, so steel Ti content of the present invention should be controlled within the scope of 0.01-0.025wt.%.
Aluminium: aluminium is strong deoxidant element, also can be combined with N and form AlN, can play Grain refinement.
P and s: impurity element in steel, significantly reduce plasticity and toughness and welding property, its content should be controlled at respectively in 0.02wt.% and 0.01wt.%.
The manufacturing process of yield strength 690MPa level low yield strength ratio anti-seismic steel for building involved in the present invention is as follows:
Smelt and casting: adopt converter or electrosmelting, casting adopts continuous casting.
Adopt plate mill to carry out controlled rolling and controlled cooling rolling:
To after continuously cast bloom or ingot formation, pack in process furnace and heat, Heating temperature be 1100-1250 ℃, and the time is 1-5 hour, after heating, is rolled.Plate mill rolling technology is: roughing rolling 3-5 passage, and finish rolling rolling 5-10 passage, finishing temperature is 800-950 ℃, rolls rear direct quenching (DQ) to 500 ℃ of following bainite/martensite tissues that obtain, laminar flow speed of cooling is greater than 15 ℃/s.It is the guarantee that obtains good high-intensity high-tenacity that controlled rolling and controlled cooling obtains thin crystal bainite/martensitic stucture.
γ+α two-phase region secondary isothermal heat treatment: thermal treatment process comprises intercritical annealing (L) and tempering (T) two procedures, and wherein intercritical annealing Heating temperature is 740～820 ℃, and soaking time is 0.5-2 hour, shrend after steel plate heating.Tempering temperature is 620-700 ℃, and soaking time is 0.5-5 hour, air cooling or be cooled to room temperature after tempering.
The technology controlling and process principle of the yield strength 690MPa level low yield strength ratio anti-seismic steel for building that steel of the present invention relates to is as follows:
The cooling controlling and rolling controlling process principle the present invention relates to is the combined microalloying that makes full use of Ti, Nb and/or V, and the effect that heat state stops Austenite Grain Growth with TiN, obtains tiny uniform original austenite tissue.In two stage controlled rolling process, rough rolling step suitably reduces roughing temperature, improves reduction in pass, implements recrystallize controlled rolling, by recrystallization softening austenite repeatedly; The finish rolling stage is out of shape below austenite non-recrystallization temperature (Tnr), utilizes solid solution Nb and separates out the mechanism that Nb suppresses austenite recrystallization, obtains pancake shape austenite, and direct quenching obtains low temperature phase change tissue, obtains significant phase transformation strengthening and refined crystalline strengthening.It is to obtain the guarantee of good high-intensity high-tenacity and the basis of subsequent heat treatment that controlled rolling and controlled cooling obtains thin crystal bainite/martensitic stucture.
The technological principle of the γ+α two-phase region secondary isothermal heat treatment the present invention relates to is: in the anneal (L) of a comparatively high temps, on the one hand, partial martensite lath changes austenite into, between martensite and austenite, there is partition in the austenite stabilizer element such as C, Mn, cause C in austenite, Mn equal size to increase gradually, after annealing in shrend process, above-mentioned austenite changes martensite again into, but the content that newly forms the austenite stabilizer element such as C, Mn in martensite is higher than the content in matrix tempered martensite.On the other hand, the Precipitations of double carbide from martensitic matrix such as microalloy Nb, V, Mo, it is of a size of nano level and has good high high-temp stability, and significant second-phase strengthening can compensate softening that heating isothermal processes causes.In the drawing process of secondary lesser temps, the new martensite that forms of part will change austenite again into, between austenite and martensite, there is the partition for the second time of the austenite stabilizer element such as C, Mn simultaneously, make the rich Mn of the richer C of austenite, its thermostability significantly improves, when cooling after tempering, these austenite major parts no longer undergo phase transition, and become remaining metastable austenite and are retained in steel plate.Because the austenite stabilizer element content such as C, Mn are high, and low temperature and stability under loading good.It is the critical process that obtains certain remaining metastable austenite that γ+α two-phase region secondary isothermal is processed, while, significant second-phase strengthening can compensate softening that heating isothermal processes causes, fresh improves tensile strength, reduces yield tensile ratio with time fresh bainite/martensite.
The invention has the advantages that:
Steel of the present invention adopts combined microalloying design, combine controlled rolling and controlled cooling and γ+α two-phase region secondary isothermal heat treatment, controlled rolling and controlled cooling obtains thin crystal bainite/martensitic stucture, thermal treatment obtains the matrix of a certain amount of metastable austenite and microalloy precipitation strength, reached the mechanical property requirements of the seismic design provision in building code of yield strength 690MPa level, can in earthquake-resistant building structure, apply, also can be applied to engineering machinery field.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the OM photo of embodiment 1 hot-rolled sheet tissue.
Fig. 2 is the OM photo of embodiment 1 thermal treatment plate tissue.
Fig. 3 is exemplary complex microalloy second-phase pattern and the composition (Cu peak comes from the Cu net that carries replica sample) thereof of Nb, V, Ti, Mo in embodiment 1 thermal treatment plate.
Fig. 4 is the XRD measuring result of residual austenite volume fraction in embodiment 1 thermal treatment plate.
Embodiment
Technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out to clear, complete description below, obviously, described embodiment is only a part very little in the present invention, rather than whole embodiment.Embodiment based in the present invention, those of ordinary skills, not making the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Steel of the present invention is by vacuum induction furnace smelting, totally 6 stoves, and chemical composition is as shown in table 1.After hammer cogging (110mm), on the plate mill of laboratory, carry out two stage rolling, roughing is rolled down to 36mm by 110mm is thick through 4 passages, and finish rolling is rolled into 11mm by 36mm is thick through 5 passages, carries out laminar flow cooling after rolling, laminar flow speed of cooling is greater than 15 ℃/s, and last air cooling is to room temperature.The main technologic parameters such as the type of cooling after slab heating temperature, roughing finishing temperature, finish rolling start rolling temperature, finish rolling finishing temperature, final cooling temperature, speed of cooling, thermal treatment temp and thermal treatment are in Table 2.Heat treatment time is 0.5h.The transverse tensile strength of heat-treated steel plate ,-40 ℃ of impact of collision merits are listed in table 3, have all reached the code requirement of yield strength 690MPa level earthquake-resistant construction structural steel.
The chemical composition (wt.%) of table 1 yield strength 690MPa level low yield strength ratio anti-seismic steel for building
The low yield strength ratio anti-seismic steel for building rolling of table 2 yield strength 690MPa level and thermal treatment process
The mechanical property of table 3 yield strength 690MPa level low yield strength ratio anti-seismic steel for building
Utilize OM to observe the tissue of No. 1 hot-rolled steel plate plate of the present invention and thermal treatment plate, result respectively as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, hot-rolled sheet is thin brilliant lath martensite tissue, after the secondary isothermal heat treatment of γ+α two-phase region, still keep thin brilliant lath structure form, but corrosion contrast difference is large, obviously has heterogeneous structure form.Produce carbon film replica sample and carry out tem observation, as shown in Figure 3, visible a large amount of nano level second phase particles exist, and such particle mainly comprises Nb, V, Ti, tetra-kinds of microalloy elements of Mo.As shown in Figure 4, through XRD, measure, in thermal treatment plate, have the residual austenite of volume fraction approximately 8.5%.
Claims (3)
1. a yield strength 690MPa level low yield strength ratio shock resisting steel, it is characterized in that, chemical composition is: C:0.05～0.13wt.%, Si:0.00～0.50wt.%, Mn:1.50～2.50wt.%, P:<0.012wt.%, S:<0.006wt.%, Mo:0.15～0.50wt.%, Nb:0.02～0.12wt.%, V:0.00～0.15wt%, Ti:0.01～0.025wt.%, B:0.0010～0.0030wt.%, Al:0.01-0.06wt.%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity, is weight percentage.
2. shock resisting steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, add again following one or more alloying elements: Cu:0.00～0.80wt%, Cr:0.00～0.50wt%, Ni:0.00～1.00wt%, and the total addition level of steel interalloy element should be not more than 5%.
3. manufacture a manufacture method for shock resisting steel described in claim 1 or 2, adopt converter or electrosmelting, casting adopts continuous casting; It is characterized in that: the technical parameter of controlling in technique is
(1) plate mill controlled rolling and controlled cooling rolling
To after continuously cast bloom or ingot formation, pack in process furnace and heat, Heating temperature be 1100-1250 ℃, and the time is 1-5 hour, after heating, is rolled; Plate mill rolling technology is: roughing rolling 3-5 passage, and finish rolling rolling 5-10 passage, finishing temperature is 800-950 ℃, rolls DQ to 500 ℃ of following bainite/martensite tissue that obtains of rear direct quenching;
(2) γ+α two-phase region secondary isothermal heat treatment
Thermal treatment process comprises intercritical annealing and tempering two procedures, and wherein intercritical annealing Heating temperature is 720～800 ℃, and soaking time is 0.5-2 hour, shrend after steel plate heating; Tempering temperature is 620-700 ℃, and soaking time is 0.5-5 hour, air cooling or be cooled to room temperature after tempering.
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