CN103707024A - Method for manufacturing high-precision longitudinal shearing strip splitting tool blade - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing high-precision longitudinal shearing strip splitting tool blade Download PDFInfo
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- CN103707024A CN103707024A CN201310723813.9A CN201310723813A CN103707024A CN 103707024 A CN103707024 A CN 103707024A CN 201310723813 A CN201310723813 A CN 201310723813A CN 103707024 A CN103707024 A CN 103707024A
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- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000881 depressing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/28—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools
- B23P15/40—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools shearing tools
- B23P15/406—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools shearing tools rotary or plane die cutters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/22—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for drills; for milling cutters; for machine cutting tools
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a high-precision longitudinal shearing strip splitting tool blade, and belongs to the technical field of tool machining. The method for manufacturing the high-precision longitudinal shearing strip splitting tool blade comprises the steps of (1) preparation of raw materials of the longitudinal shearing strip splitting tool blade; (2) annealing treatment on a forged blank; (3) rough machining on the forged blank; (4) heat treatment on the longitudinal shearing strip splitting tool blade, wherein the heat treatment on the longitudinal shearing strip splitting tool blade comprises the steps of annealing, quenching in a nitrate furnace and tempering in the nitrate furnace; (5) finish machining on the longitudinal shearing strip splitting tool blade, wherein the finish machining on the longitudinal shearing strip splitting tool blade comprises the steps of first time accurate grinding, second time accurate grinding and third time accurate grinding on a grinding machine. The flatness of the longitudinal shearing strip splitting tool blade manufactured and obtained through the method can reach 0.001mm, the thickness tolerance can reach +/-0.001mm, the hardness evenness of the whole longitudinal shearing strip splitting tool blade is smaller than 1HRC, and meanwhile the longitudinal shearing strip splitting tool blade has excellent high-wearing features and strong shock resistance performance, and meets the demands for splitting and cutting high-precision space flight and aviation plates for airplanes and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to tooling cost field, more particularly, relate to a kind of preparation method of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade.
Background technology
Sheet metal banding machine relies on longitudinal shearing slitting blade to roll on sheet material, completes the endless shear action to sheet material.Sheet metal banding machine is for longitudinal roller shear of common metal sheet material, aluminium sheet, corrosion resistant plate, silicon steel plate etc.Longitudinal shearing slitting blade is widely used in the industries such as space flight and aviation, automobile making, mining machinery, five metals manufacture, household electrical appliances.
Wearability and the impact resistance of selection, Technology for Heating Processing and blade of cutting the longitudinal shearing slitting blade blade of sheet metal itself has high requirement.At present, cutter manufacturing enterprise selects a kind of alloy tool steel as the raw material of producing blade mostly, and its components based on weight percentage is: C:1.45～1.70%; Si :≤0.40%; Mn :≤0.40%; S :≤0.030%; P :≤0.030%; Cr:11.00～12.50%; Ni: allow residual content≤0.25%; Cu: allow residual content≤0.30%; V:0.15～0.30%; Mo:0.40～0.60%, all the other are Fe.Its production stage is: forge (1); (2) annealing; (3) Vehicle Processing is shaped, and stays allowance for finish; (4) quench; (5) tempering; (6) by the specification requirement on drawing, carry out fine finishining, though this blade selection and processing technology can meet cutting of common metal sheet material to a certain extent, but when the serviceability of user's blade with while proposing high request service life, be difficult to reach by disclosed processing method in prior art.In particular for cutting the longitudinal shearing slitting blade of aimplant-lunber, the flatness of this longitudinal shearing slitting blade requires to be controlled at 0.001mm, thickness deviation requires at ± 0.001mm, and the uniformity of hardness of whole longitudinal shearing slitting blade requires to be less than 1HRC, have excellent high-wearing feature and strong shock resistance, this is that common process technology of the prior art is unapproachable simultaneously.
By patent retrieval, the existing technical scheme about color steel plate cutting blade processing method is open, as: Chinese Patent Application No. 200910056362.1, the applying date is: on August 13rd, 2009, invention and created name is: color steel plate cutting blade and processing method thereof, the steps include: (1) first with CR12, T8, T10 or Cr12MOV rod material forge, annealing in process; (2) material of annealing in process is got on the bus wheeled litter goes out center mounting hole and cylindrical; (3) after preheating, carry out heat treatment to 1040 ℃, make more than blade quenching hardness reaches 62HRC; Remainder quenching hardness is less than 28HRC; (4) be warmed to 550 ℃ and be down to again 56～58 ℃ to increase toughness; (5) use extra accuracy ground flat, precision ± 0.02mm; (6) adopt camber line cutting outer margin contour, form and evenly stretch out cutter; (7) with profile grinder, process the blade of institute's required angle.This application case adopts blade cutting to replace saw cut, and cutting process does not produce iron filings, has saved steel plate materials, and still, the blade precision that this application case prepares is only ± 0.02mm that technical scheme is further improved while being applied to cut aimplant-lunber.
Summary of the invention
1. the technical problem that invention will solve
The object of the invention is to overcome the poor deficiency of machining accuracy of longitudinal shearing slitting blade in prior art, a kind of preparation method of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade is provided, adopt technical scheme of the present invention, the flatness of longitudinal shearing slitting blade can reach 0.001mm, reach ± 0.001mm of thickness deviation, the uniformity of hardness of whole longitudinal shearing slitting blade is less than 1HRC, has excellent high-wearing feature and strong shock resistance simultaneously.
2. technical scheme
For achieving the above object, technical scheme provided by the invention is:
The preparation method of a kind of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade of the present invention, the steps include:
The raw material of step 1, longitudinal shearing slitting blade are prepared:
First the blank of circular cross-section is cut into is highly the cylinder blank of 100mm, again the cylinder blank of cutting is packed in heating furnace and is heated to 950 ℃, its heating rate is 15 ℃/min, after being warming up to 950 ℃, be incubated 2 hours, insulation forgings of coming out of the stove after finishing, being forged into is highly the rough forging that 15mm, outside diameter are 350mm; The components based on weight percentage of this rough forging is: C:0.88～1.10%, Si:0.20～0.40%, Mn:0.30～0.50%, Cr:1.50～2.50%, Mo:2.00～2.50%, V:1.7～2.0%, P :≤0.020%, S :≤0.015%, Te:0.04～0.05%, Zr:0.01～0.02%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity;
The annealing in process of step 2, rough forging:
Pack the rough forging in step 1 into annealing furnace and be warming up to 860 ℃, its heating rate is 4 ℃/min, is incubated 230 minutes after being warming up to 860 ℃, is cooled to 680 ℃ of laggard line spaces cold in annealing furnace;
The roughing of step 3, rough forging:
After step 2 annealing in process, it is 240mm that rough forging is processed into diameter of bore, and outside diameter is 342mm, the longitudinal shearing slitting blade that thickness is 12mm;
The heat treatment of step 4, longitudinal shearing slitting blade:
(1), the longitudinal shearing slitting blade after step 3 roughing put into batch-type furnace be warming up to 800 ℃, its heating rate is 13 ℃/min, is incubated 80 minutes after being warming up to 800 ℃, cools to 480 ℃ with the furnace, the air cooling of then coming out of the stove after insulation;
(2), in nitrate furnace, add industrial sodium nitrite and be warming up to 1080～1100 ℃, its heating rate is 2 ℃/min, be warming up to after 1080～1100 ℃ the longitudinal shearing slitting blade of processing in step (1) is put into nitrate furnace, in nitrate furnace, continue to be heated to 1080～1100 ℃, and be incubated 10～20 minutes; Wherein: when longitudinal shearing slitting blade is put into nitrate furnace, the time touching the extremely whole immersion industrial sodium nitrites of industrial sodium nitrite from longitudinal shearing slitting blade is controlled in 18～20s;
(3) the longitudinal shearing slitting blade, by step (2) insulation after 10～20 minutes takes out, and puts into quenching oil quenching, and the time of staying in quenching oil is 10 minutes;
(4) the longitudinal shearing slitting blade, after step (3) is quenched is put into nitrate furnace tempering, and the industrial sodium nitrite in this nitrate furnace was warming up to 540～570 ℃ in 5 hours, and longitudinal shearing slitting blade is incubated 4 hours in the nitrate furnace of 540～570 ℃, then air cooling; After tempering, detect the hardness number of longitudinal shearing slitting blade, hardness number should be controlled at 58～60HRC, if hardness number has surpassed the higher limit of hardness control range, carry out another temper, the every high 1HRC of hardness number, temperature is higher 10 ℃ than last temperature, temperature retention time is last tempering time 0.9 times, air cooling then; Final control longitudinal shearing slitting blade hardness number is 58～60HRC;
The fine finishining of step 5, longitudinal shearing slitting blade
(1), the longitudinal shearing slitting blade through step 4 heat treatment process is contained on vertical grinder, vertical grinder after processing the thickness longitudinal shearing slitting blade that is 11mm;
(2), by step (1) thickness, being 11mm, longitudinal shearing slitting blade refines for the first time, for the first time fine grinding after processing the thickness longitudinal shearing slitting blade that is 10.6mm;
(3), by step (2) thickness, being 10.6mm, longitudinal shearing slitting blade is contained on vertical grinder again, vertical grinder after processing the thickness longitudinal shearing slitting blade that is 10.3mm; And the diameter of bore of longitudinal shearing slitting blade is processed as to 242mm, outside diameter is processed as 340mm;
(4), by step (3) thickness, being 10.3mm, longitudinal shearing slitting blade refines for the second time, for the second time fine grinding after processing the thickness longitudinal shearing slitting blade that is 10.02mm;
(5), the longitudinal shearing slitting blade that is 10.02mm by step (4) thickness is contained on grinder and refines for the third time, for the third time fine grinding after processing the thickness longitudinal shearing slitting blade that is 10 ± 0.001mm.
Further, in the fine finishining of step 5 longitudinal shearing slitting blade, the step of fine grinding is as follows for the third time:
(A), prepare blade fixing tool: blade fixing tool is disc-shaped structure, on this blade fixing tool, offer equally distributed 6 blade installing holes around its center, blade installing hole is circular cavernous structure, and the distance of center circle of the center of circle of this blade installing hole and blade fixing tool is from being 400mm;
(B), the longitudinal shearing slitting blade that after fine grinding processing for the second time, thickness is 10.02mm is arranged on the blade fixing tool of step (A), and the blade fixing tool that longitudinal shearing slitting blade is housed is put on grinder, add abrasive, this grinder is finished plane grinder simultaneously;
(C), step (B) complete after startup grinder, the lap speed of controlling grinder is 10r/min, the power of depressing of abrasive disk is controlled as 980N; Grind after 30 minutes and stop grinding, by the longitudinal shearing slitting blade turn-over in blade fixing tool, and two longitudinal shearing slitting blades about its center of circle symmetry in blade fixing tool are changed over; Every grinding 30min stops grinding afterwards, repeats above-mentioned turn-over, exchanges operation, and milling time is 3～4 hours.
Further, in fine grinding, the abrasive of step (B) is comprised of green silicon carbide powder, kerosene and machine oil for the third time, and the preparation process of this abrasive is as follows:
(a), take green silicon carbide powder and kerosene, wherein the mass ratio of green silicon carbide powder and kerosene is 3～3.5: 1, and above-mentioned green silicon carbide powder and kerosene are uniformly mixed to 20 minutes;
(b), take machine oil, wherein the mass ratio of green silicon carbide powder and machine oil is 2.1～2.3: 1, machine oil is added in the mixture of step (a), continues to be uniformly mixed 15 minutes, obtains abrasive.
Preferably, in step 1, the components based on weight percentage of rough forging is: C:0.98%, Si:0.30%, Mn:0.40%, Cr:2.10%, Mo:2.30%, V:1.8%, P:0.010%, S:0.010%, Te:0.045%, Zr:0.016%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
Preferably, in step 1, the components based on weight percentage of rough forging is: C:1.10%, Si:0.20%, Mn:0.50%, Cr:1.50%, Mo:2.50%, V:1.7%, P:0.020%, S:0.015%, Te:0.04%, Zr:0.02%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
Preferably, in step 1, the components based on weight percentage of rough forging is: C:0.88%, Si:0.40%, Mn:0.30%, Cr:2.50%, Mo:2.00%, V:2.0%, P:0.015%, S:0.012%, Te:0.05%, Zr:0.01%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
Preferably, in the preparation process of abrasive, the mass ratio of green silicon carbide powder and kerosene is 3.2: 1, and the mass ratio of green silicon carbide powder and machine oil is 2.2: 1.
3. beneficial effect
Adopt technical scheme provided by the invention, compared with prior art, there is following remarkable result:
(1) preparation method of a kind of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade of the present invention, in its heat treatment process, adopt nitrate furnace quenching and tempering, it is 540～570 ℃ that temperature is controlled, and according to the further temper of the situation of hardness number, make the hardness of longitudinal shearing slitting blade of preparation can be more even, the uniformity of hardness of whole longitudinal shearing slitting blade of the present invention be less than 1HRC; In addition, in the present invention, pass through to improve the fine finishining process of longitudinal shearing slitting blade, make to refine for the third time grinding back plane degree and reach 0.001mm on grinder, reach ± 0.001mm of thickness deviation, cuts use thereby make longitudinal shearing slitting blade of the present invention can meet the space flight and aviation sheet materials such as high-precision aircraft;
(2) preparation method of a kind of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade of the present invention, the components based on weight percentage of its longitudinal shearing slitting blade is: C:0.88～1.10%, Si:0.20～0.40%, Mn:0.30～0.50%, Cr:1.50～2.50%, Mo:2.00～2.50%, V:1.7～2.0%, P :≤0.020%, S :≤0.015%, Te:0.04～0.05%, Zr:0.01～0.02%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity, this material has high-hardenability, and the Te adding, Zr, the elements such as V can effectively stop Austenite Grain Growth, material is organized tightr, thereby wearability and thump toughness have been increased, the present invention adopts annealing, nitrate furnace quenches, nitrate furnace tempering three process is heat-treated, make longitudinal shearing slitting blade possess the excellent performance of high-wearing feature and strong impact resistance, met the demand of cutting the space flight and aviation sheet materials such as aircraft.
The specific embodiment
For further understanding content of the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of a kind of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade of the present embodiment, its concrete steps are:
The raw material of step 1, longitudinal shearing slitting blade are prepared:
First the blank of circular cross-section is cut into is highly the cylinder blank of 100mm, again the cylinder blank of cutting is packed in heating furnace and is heated to 950 ℃, its heating rate is 15 ℃/min, after being warming up to 950 ℃, be incubated 2 hours, insulation forgings of coming out of the stove after finishing, being forged into is highly the rough forging that 15mm, outside diameter are 350mm.In the present invention, the components based on weight percentage of rough forging is: C:0.88～1.10%, Si:0.20～0.40%, Mn:0.30～0.50%, Cr:1.50～2.50%, Mo:2.00～2.50%, V:1.7～2.0%, P :≤0.020%, S :≤0.015%, Te:0.04～0.05%, Zr:0.01～0.02%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity; In concrete the present embodiment, the components based on weight percentage of rough forging is: C:0.98%, Si:0.30%, Mn:0.40%, Cr:2.10%, Mo:2.30%, V:1.8%, P:0.010%, S:0.010%, Te:0.045%, Zr:0.016%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
The annealing in process of step 2, rough forging:
Pack the rough forging in step 1 into annealing furnace and be warming up to 860 ℃, its heating rate is 4 ℃/min, is incubated 230 minutes after being warming up to 860 ℃, is cooled to 680 ℃ of laggard line spaces cold in annealing furnace.
The roughing of step 3, rough forging:
After step 2 annealing in process, it is 240mm that rough forging is processed into diameter of bore, and outside diameter is 342mm, the longitudinal shearing slitting blade that thickness is 12mm.
The heat treatment of step 4, longitudinal shearing slitting blade:
(1), the longitudinal shearing slitting blade after step 3 roughing put into batch-type furnace be warming up to 800 ℃, its heating rate is 13 ℃/min, is incubated 80 minutes after being warming up to 800 ℃, cools to 480 ℃ with the furnace, the air cooling of then coming out of the stove after insulation;
(2), in nitrate furnace, add industrial sodium nitrite and be warming up to 1090 ℃, its heating rate is 2 ℃/min, be warming up to after 1090 ℃ the longitudinal shearing slitting blade of processing in step (1) is put into nitrate furnace, in nitrate furnace, continue to be heated to 1090 ℃, and be incubated 18 minutes; Wherein: when longitudinal shearing slitting blade is put into nitrate furnace, from longitudinal shearing slitting blade, touching industrial sodium nitrite to the time of all immersing industrial sodium nitrite is 19s; Applicant finds, speed speed when longitudinal shearing slitting blade is put into nitrate furnace has a certain impact to quenching effect, by applicant's experience accumulation for many years, find: from longitudinal shearing slitting blade, touch industrial sodium nitrite and be controlled in 18～20s to the time of all immersing industrial sodium nitrite, quenching effect is now best.
(3) the longitudinal shearing slitting blade, by step (2) insulation after 18 minutes takes out, and puts into quenching oil quenching, and the time of staying in quenching oil is 10 minutes;
(4) the longitudinal shearing slitting blade, after step (3) is quenched is put into nitrate furnace tempering, and the industrial sodium nitrite in this nitrate furnace was warming up to 550 ℃ in 5 hours, and longitudinal shearing slitting blade is incubated 4 hours in the nitrate furnace of 550 ℃, then air cooling.After tempering, detect the hardness number of longitudinal shearing slitting blade, hardness number should be controlled at 58～60HRC, if hardness number has surpassed the higher limit of hardness control range, carry out another temper, the every high 1HRC of hardness number, temperature is than last temperature high 10 ℃ (follow-up temperature can over 570 ℃), temperature retention time is last tempering time 0.9 times, then air cooling, finally controlling longitudinal shearing slitting blade hardness number is 58～60HRC.In the present embodiment, temperature is 550 ℃ for the first time, tempering time is 4 hours, the hardness number that detects longitudinal shearing slitting blade after tempering is for the first time 61HRC, and hardness number has surpassed the higher limit 1HRC of hardness control range, so carry out temper for the second time, temperature is 560 ℃ for the second time, tempering time is 3.6 hours, and the hardness number that detects for the second time longitudinal shearing slitting blade after tempering is 59HRC, meets the standard of 58～60HRC.Herein, adopt technical scheme of the present invention, generally can be lower than 58HRC by the hardness number after temper for the first time, the present invention by nitrate furnace quench, the mode of repeatedly tempering adjusts hardness number, can make the hardness of longitudinal shearing slitting blade can be more even, the uniformity of hardness of the whole longitudinal shearing slitting blade of the present embodiment is less than 1HRC, is conducive to improve the service life of longitudinal shearing slitting blade, and can effectively avoid the chipping of longitudinal shearing slitting blade.
The fine finishining of step 5, longitudinal shearing slitting blade
(1), the longitudinal shearing slitting blade through step 4 heat treatment process is contained on vertical grinder, vertical grinder after processing the thickness longitudinal shearing slitting blade that is 11mm;
(2), by step (1) thickness, being 11mm, longitudinal shearing slitting blade refines for the first time, for the first time fine grinding after processing the thickness longitudinal shearing slitting blade that is 10.6mm;
(3), by step (2) thickness, being 10.6mm, longitudinal shearing slitting blade is contained on vertical grinder again, vertical grinder after processing the thickness longitudinal shearing slitting blade that is 10.3mm; And the diameter of bore of longitudinal shearing slitting blade is processed as to 242mm, outside diameter is processed as 340mm;
(4), by step (3) thickness, being 10.3mm, longitudinal shearing slitting blade refines for the second time, for the second time fine grinding after processing the thickness longitudinal shearing slitting blade that is 10.02mm;
(5), the longitudinal shearing slitting blade that is 10.02mm by step (4) thickness is contained on grinder and refines for the third time, for the third time fine grinding after processing the thickness longitudinal shearing slitting blade that is 10 ± 0.001mm.In the present embodiment, the step of fine grinding is as follows for the third time:
(A), prepare blade fixing tool: blade fixing tool is disc-shaped structure, on this blade fixing tool, offer equally distributed 6 blade installing holes around its center, blade installing hole is circular cavernous structure, and the distance of center circle of the center of circle of this blade installing hole and blade fixing tool is from being 400mm.
(B), the longitudinal shearing slitting blade that after fine grinding processing for the second time, thickness is 10.02mm is arranged on the blade fixing tool of step (A), and the blade fixing tool that longitudinal shearing slitting blade is housed is put on grinder, add abrasive, this grinder is finished plane grinder simultaneously; Wherein, the abrasive of the present embodiment is comprised of green silicon carbide powder, kerosene and machine oil, the preparation process of this abrasive is as follows: (a), take green silicon carbide powder and kerosene, wherein the mass ratio of green silicon carbide powder and kerosene is 3.2:1, and above-mentioned green silicon carbide powder and kerosene are uniformly mixed to 20 minutes; (b), take machine oil, wherein the mass ratio of green silicon carbide powder and machine oil is 2.2:1, machine oil is added in the mixture of step (a), continues to be uniformly mixed 15 minutes, obtains abrasive.Green silicon carbide powder in the present embodiment is the W14 green silicon carbide powder that Zhengzhou lean micro mist Co., Ltd produces, the abrasive that the method for employing the present embodiment makes, longitudinal shearing slitting blade precision after grinding is high, and fineness is good, can avoid producing scratch in process.
(C), step (B) complete after startup grinder, the lap speed of controlling grinder is 10r/min, the power of depressing of abrasive disk is controlled as 980N; Grind after 30 minutes and stop grinding, by the longitudinal shearing slitting blade turn-over in blade fixing tool, and two longitudinal shearing slitting blades about its center of circle symmetry in blade fixing tool are changed over; Every grinding 30min stops grinding afterwards, repeats above-mentioned turn-over, exchanges operation, and after milling time is 3.5 hours, flatness reaches 0.001mm, reach ± 0.001mm of thickness deviation.Applicant finds, the position that blade fixing tool cutter installing hole is offered is different, the flatness of longitudinal shearing slitting blade and thickness deviation are all had to impact, and in addition, the component of abrasive, the operating procedure in process of lapping all have impact to the flatness of longitudinal shearing slitting blade and fineness.Applicant is by summary of experience for many years, and discovery adopts the above-mentioned technical scheme of the present embodiment on the basis of theory analysis, and the flatness of grinding the longitudinal shearing slitting blade obtaining on grinder can reach 0.001mm, reach ± 0.001mm of thickness deviation.
Embodiment 2
The basic step of the present embodiment is with embodiment 1, and difference is:
In step 1, the components based on weight percentage of rough forging is: C:1.10%, Si:0.20%, Mn:0.50%, Cr:1.50%, Mo:2.50%, V:1.7%, P:0.020%, S:0.015%, Te:0.04%, Zr:0.02%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
In step 4 in the heat treatment process of longitudinal shearing slitting blade, quenching process: add industrial sodium nitrite and be warming up to 1100 ℃ in nitrate furnace, its heating rate is 2 ℃/min, after being warming up to 1100 ℃, longitudinal shearing slitting blade is put into nitrate furnace, in nitrate furnace, continue to be heated to 1100 ℃, and be incubated 10 minutes, when longitudinal shearing slitting blade is put into nitrate furnace, from longitudinal shearing slitting blade, touching industrial sodium nitrite to the time of all immersing industrial sodium nitrite is 18s; Drawing process: temperature is 540 ℃ for the first time, tempering time is 4 hours, the hardness number that detects longitudinal shearing slitting blade after tempering is for the first time 60HRC, meets the standard of 58～60HRC.
In refining for the third time, in the preparation process of the abrasive of step (B), the mass ratio of green silicon carbide powder and kerosene is 3: 1, and the mass ratio of green silicon carbide powder and machine oil is 2.1: 1.
Embodiment 3
The basic step of the present embodiment is with embodiment 1, and difference is:
In step 1, the components based on weight percentage of rough forging is: C:0.88%, Si:0.40%, Mn:0.30%, Cr:2.50%, Mo:2.00%, V:2.0%, P:0.015%, S:0.012%, Te:0.05%, Zr:0.01%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
In step 4 in the heat treatment process of longitudinal shearing slitting blade, quenching process: add industrial sodium nitrite and be warming up to 1080 ℃ in nitrate furnace, its heating rate is 2 ℃/min, after being warming up to 1080 ℃, longitudinal shearing slitting blade is put into nitrate furnace, in nitrate furnace, continue to be heated to 1080 ℃, and be incubated 20 minutes, when longitudinal shearing slitting blade is put into nitrate furnace, from longitudinal shearing slitting blade, touching industrial sodium nitrite to the time of all immersing industrial sodium nitrite is 20s; Drawing process: temperature is 570 ℃ for the first time, tempering time is 4 hours, the hardness number that detects longitudinal shearing slitting blade after tempering is for the first time 58HRC, meets the standard of 58～60HRC.
In refining for the third time, in the preparation process of the abrasive of step (B), the mass ratio of green silicon carbide powder and kerosene is 3.5: 1, and the mass ratio of green silicon carbide powder and machine oil is 2.3: 1.
The preparation method of a kind of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade of embodiment 1～3, the flatness of the longitudinal shearing slitting blade preparing can reach 0.001mm, reach ± 0.001mm of thickness deviation, the uniformity of hardness of whole longitudinal shearing slitting blade is less than 1HRC, there is excellent high-wearing feature and strong shock resistance simultaneously, met the needs of cutting the space flight and aviation sheet materials such as high-precision aircraft.
Claims (7)
1. a preparation method for high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade, is characterized in that, the steps include:
The raw material of step 1, longitudinal shearing slitting blade are prepared:
First the blank of circular cross-section is cut into is highly the cylinder blank of 100mm, again the cylinder blank of cutting is packed in heating furnace and is heated to 950 ℃, its heating rate is 15 ℃/min, after being warming up to 950 ℃, be incubated 2 hours, insulation forgings of coming out of the stove after finishing, being forged into is highly the rough forging that 15mm, outside diameter are 350mm; The components based on weight percentage of this rough forging is: C:0.88～1.10%, Si:0.20～0.40%, Mn:0.30～0.50%, Cr:1.50～2.50%, Mo:2.00～2.50%, V:1.7～2.0%, P :≤0.020%, S :≤0.015%, Te:0.04～0.05%, Zr:0.01～0.02%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity;
The annealing in process of step 2, rough forging:
Pack the rough forging in step 1 into annealing furnace and be warming up to 860 ℃, its heating rate is 4 ℃/min, is incubated 230 after being warming up to 860 ℃, is cooled to 680 ℃ of laggard line spaces cold in annealing furnace;
The roughing of step 3, rough forging:
After step 2 annealing in process, it is 240mm that rough forging is processed into diameter of bore, and outside diameter is 342mm, the longitudinal shearing slitting blade that thickness is 12mm;
The heat treatment of step 4, longitudinal shearing slitting blade:
(1), the longitudinal shearing slitting blade after step 3 roughing put into batch-type furnace be warming up to 800 ℃, its heating rate is 13 ℃/min, is incubated 80 minutes after being warming up to 800 ℃, cools to 480 ℃ with the furnace, the air cooling of then coming out of the stove after insulation;
(2), in nitrate furnace, add industrial sodium nitrite and be warming up to 1080～1100 ℃, its heating rate is 2 ℃/min, be warming up to after 1080～1100 ℃ the longitudinal shearing slitting blade of processing in step (1) is put into nitrate furnace, in nitrate furnace, continue to be heated to 1080～1100 ℃, and be incubated 10～20 minutes; Wherein: when longitudinal shearing slitting blade is put into nitrate furnace, the time touching the extremely whole immersion industrial sodium nitrites of industrial sodium nitrite from longitudinal shearing slitting blade is controlled in 18～20s;
(3) the longitudinal shearing slitting blade, by step (2) insulation after 10～20 minutes takes out, and puts into quenching oil quenching, and the time of staying in quenching oil is 10 minutes;
(4) the longitudinal shearing slitting blade, after step (3) is quenched is put into nitrate furnace tempering, and the industrial sodium nitrite in this nitrate furnace was warming up to 540～570 ℃ in 5 hours, and longitudinal shearing slitting blade is incubated 4 hours in the nitrate furnace of 540～570 ℃, then air cooling; After tempering, detect the hardness number of longitudinal shearing slitting blade, hardness number should be controlled at 58～60HRC, if hardness number has surpassed the higher limit of hardness control range, carry out another temper, the every high 1HRC of hardness number, temperature is higher 10 ℃ than last temperature, temperature retention time is last tempering time 0.9 times, air cooling then; Final control longitudinal shearing slitting blade hardness number is 58～60HRC;
The fine finishining of step 5, longitudinal shearing slitting blade
(1), the longitudinal shearing slitting blade through step 3 heat treatment process is contained on vertical grinder, vertical grinder after processing the thickness longitudinal shearing slitting blade that is 11mm;
(2), by step (1) thickness, being 11mm, longitudinal shearing slitting blade refines for the first time, for the first time fine grinding after processing the thickness longitudinal shearing slitting blade that is 10.6mm;
(3), by step (2) thickness, being 10.6mm, longitudinal shearing slitting blade is contained on vertical grinder again, vertical grinder after processing the thickness longitudinal shearing slitting blade that is 10.3mm; And the diameter of bore of longitudinal shearing slitting blade is processed as to 242mm, outside diameter is processed as 340mm;
(4), by step (3) thickness, being 10.3mm, longitudinal shearing slitting blade refines for the second time, for the second time fine grinding after processing the thickness longitudinal shearing slitting blade that is 10.02mm;
(5), the longitudinal shearing slitting blade that is 10.02mm by step (4) thickness is contained on grinder and refines for the third time, for the third time fine grinding after processing the thickness longitudinal shearing slitting blade that is 10 ± 0.001mm.
2. the preparation method of a kind of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: in the fine finishining of step 5 longitudinal shearing slitting blade, the step of fine grinding is as follows for the third time:
(A), prepare blade fixing tool: blade fixing tool is disc-shaped structure, on this blade fixing tool, offer equally distributed 6 blade installing holes around its center, blade installing hole is circular cavernous structure, and the distance of center circle of the center of circle of this blade installing hole and blade fixing tool is from being 400mm;
(B), the longitudinal shearing slitting blade that after fine grinding processing for the second time, thickness is 10.02mm is arranged on the blade fixing tool of step (A), and the blade fixing tool that longitudinal shearing slitting blade is housed is put on grinder, add abrasive, this grinder is finished plane grinder simultaneously;
(C), step (B) complete after startup grinder, the lap speed of controlling grinder is 10r/min, the power of depressing of abrasive disk is controlled as 980N; Grind after 30 minutes and stop grinding, by the longitudinal shearing slitting blade turn-over in blade fixing tool, and two longitudinal shearing slitting blades about its center of circle symmetry in blade fixing tool are changed over; Every grinding 30min stops grinding afterwards, repeats above-mentioned turn-over, exchanges operation, and milling time is 3～4 hours.
3. the preparation method of a kind of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade according to claim 2, is characterized in that: in fine grinding, the abrasive of step (B) is comprised of green silicon carbide powder, kerosene and machine oil for the third time, and the preparation process of this abrasive is as follows:
(a), take green silicon carbide powder and kerosene, wherein the mass ratio of green silicon carbide powder and kerosene is 3～3.5: 1, and above-mentioned green silicon carbide powder and kerosene are uniformly mixed to 20 minutes;
(b), take machine oil, wherein the mass ratio of green silicon carbide powder and machine oil is 2.1～2.3:1, machine oil is added in the mixture of step (a), continues to be uniformly mixed 15 minutes, obtains abrasive.
4. the preparation method of a kind of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: in step 1, the components based on weight percentage of rough forging is: C:0.98%, Si:0.30%, Mn:0.40%, Cr:2.10%, Mo:2.30%, V:1.8%, P:0.010%, S:0.010%, Te:0.045%, Zr:0.016%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
5. the preparation method of a kind of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: in step 1, the components based on weight percentage of rough forging is: C:1.10%, Si:0.20%, Mn:0.50%, Cr:1.50%, Mo:2.50%, V:1.7%, P:0.020%, S:0.015%, Te:0.04%, Zr:0.02%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
6. the preparation method of a kind of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: in step 1, the components based on weight percentage of rough forging is: C:0.88%, Si:0.40%, Mn:0.30%, Cr:2.50%, Mo:2.00%, V:2.0%, P:0.015%, S:0.012%, Te:0.05%, Zr:0.01%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
7. the preparation method of a kind of high accuracy longitudinal shearing slitting blade according to claim 3, is characterized in that: in the preparation process of abrasive, the mass ratio of green silicon carbide powder and kerosene is 3.2: 1, and the mass ratio of green silicon carbide powder and machine oil is 2.2: 1.
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