CN103700901B - A kind of multisection type intelligent charging method - Google Patents
A kind of multisection type intelligent charging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103700901B CN103700901B CN201410009105.3A CN201410009105A CN103700901B CN 103700901 B CN103700901 B CN 103700901B CN 201410009105 A CN201410009105 A CN 201410009105A CN 103700901 B CN103700901 B CN 103700901B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/446—Initial charging measures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of multisection type intelligent charging method, be applicable to rechargeable battery, comprise detect the diagnosis algorithm of cell voltage, soft start step that charging current slowly rises from small to large, constant current one is charged, constant current two is charged, constant current three is charged, constant voltage charge, be full of, charge step again, further comprise pulse devulcanization, preliminary filling, Pressure method step.This multisection type intelligent charging method has precharge function and soft start function, can reduce the infringement of big current to normal battery, extend the life of a cell; Have devulcanization function, the battery that sulfuration can be made serious increases battery capacity; There is repair function, aging battery recovery battery capacity can be made.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the charging method of rechargeable battery, specifically, is a kind of multisection type intelligent charging method.
Background technology
Rechargeable battery particularly lead acid accumulator (6V, 12V, 24V) is applied very extensive in daily life, and correctly good charging method can guarantee the life-span of battery.How can better charge the battery, how the infringement that can reduce battery of how charging, repair battery, extending battery life and just become people to need the problem considered and solve.Application number be 201210275223.X patent document discloses a kind of multisection type charging battery module method and device thereof, the method is that constant-current charge is divided into several stage, there are different current values and charging interval in per stage, after charging reaches predetermined voltage, then carries out constant-voltage charge.This charging method energy burning voltage, lifting battery charge efficiency, but this charging method is the battery module being applicable to comprise multiple battery core joint group.About the charging method that the present invention is directed to rechargeable battery, yet there are no report.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for deficiency of the prior art, a kind of multisection type intelligent charging method is provided.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
A kind of multisection type intelligent charging method, is applicable to rechargeable battery, comprises the following steps:
(1) diagnose, detect cell voltage, judge next step action of charger, be preliminary filling, soft start, reporting an error connects, reports bad battery or report is full of;
(2) soft start, charging current slowly rises from small to large, prevents charging current from suddenling change and brings impact to battery, protection battery;
(3) constant current one, charges the battery until cell voltage arrives V4 with electric current I 1;
(4) constant current two, charges the battery until cell voltage arrives V3 with electric current I 2;
(5) constant current three, charges the battery until cell voltage arrives be full of voltage V2 with electric current I 3;
(6) constant voltage, cell voltage remains unchanged, and slowly reduces charging current until charging current arrives I4;
(7) be full of, when cell voltage arrival is full of voltage V2 and charging current is less than I4, battery is full of, turns off charge switch, stops charging;
(8) again charge, after being full of a period of time, when cell voltage falls to V5, charger charges again to battery;
Wherein, V2 > V3 > V4 > V5, I1 > I2 > I3 > I4.
As one embodiment of the present invention, between described diagnosis algorithm and soft start step, also have priming procedure, be when cell voltage is very low, in order to protect battery to charge the battery with small area analysis, until cell voltage arrives a safety value.
As one embodiment of the present invention, pulse devulcanization step and priming procedure is also had between described diagnosis algorithm and soft start step, pulse devulcanization step finds out the battery of sulfuration, removes the sulfide on battery pole plates, recover battery capacity with pulse current and voltage; Priming procedure is when cell voltage is very low, in order to protect battery to charge the battery with small area analysis, until cell voltage arrives a safety value.
As one embodiment of the present invention, be full of step described and again also have Pressure method step between charge step, be when battery be full of rear voltage drop too fast time, illustrate that battery capacity diminishes, at this moment charge the battery with continuous high-pressure, make inside battery produce some controllable gas to mix with the acidic materials of inside battery, recover battery capacity.Further, between described diagnosis algorithm and soft start step, also have priming procedure, be when cell voltage is very low, in order to protect battery to charge the battery with small area analysis, until cell voltage arrives a safety value; Or also have pulse devulcanization step and priming procedure between described diagnosis algorithm and soft start step, pulse devulcanization step finds out the battery of sulfuration, remove the sulfide on battery pole plates with pulse current and voltage, recover battery capacity; Priming procedure is when cell voltage is very low, in order to protect battery to charge the battery with small area analysis, until cell voltage arrives a safety value.
In sum, charging method of the present invention has following several mode, but is not limited to listed mode:
(I) diagnosis, soft start, constant current one, constant current two, constant current three, constant voltage, be full of, again charge;
(II) diagnosis, preliminary filling, soft start, constant current one, constant current two, constant current three, constant voltage, be full of, again charge;
(III) diagnosis, pulse devulcanization, preliminary filling, soft start, constant current one, constant current two, constant current three, constant voltage, be full of, again charge;
(IV) diagnosis, soft start, constant current one, constant current two, constant current three, constant voltage, be full of, Pressure method, again charge;
(V) diagnosis, preliminary filling, soft start, constant current one, constant current two, constant current three, constant voltage, be full of, Pressure method, again charge;
(VI) diagnosis, pulse devulcanization, preliminary filling, soft start, constant current one, constant current two, constant current three, constant voltage, be full of, Pressure method, again charge.
The charger realizing charging method of the present invention comprises single-chip microcomputer, control circuit, Switching Power Supply, relay K 1, two diodes, triode Q1, two electric capacity and ten resistance, wherein control circuit one end is connected with single-chip microcomputer, the other end is connected with Switching Power Supply, other end contact relay K1 and the welding system ground respectively of Switching Power Supply;
Described single-chip microcomputer 1 pin is connected with resistance nine R9, output pulse width modulation (PWM), by controlling charging voltage after capacitance-resistance filter, single-chip microcomputer 2 pin is connected with resistance 11 R11, output pulse width modulation (PWM), by controlling charging current after capacitance-resistance filter, single-chip microcomputer 3 pin is connected with resistance three R3, the break-make of control relay K1, single-chip microcomputer 4 pin is connected with resistance one R1, resistance two R2, gathers cell voltage, single-chip microcomputer 5 pin is connected with resistance seven R7, gather charging current, single-chip microcomputer 6 pin connects+5V power supply, single-chip microcomputer 7 pin welding system ground;
Resistance one R1 mono-pin connects anode, and another pin is connected with resistance two R2; Resistance two R2 mono-pin is connected with resistance one R1, another pin welding system ground; Resistance three R3 mono-pin connects single-chip microcomputer 3 pin, and another pin connects triode Q1 base stage; Resistance five R5 mono-pin connects+12V power supply, and another pin connects the first diode D1 positive pole; Resistance six R6 mono-pin is connected with battery cathode, another pin welding system ground; Resistance seven R7 mono-pin is connected with single-chip microcomputer 5 pin, and another pin connects battery cathode; Resistance eight R8 mono-pin is connected with resistance nine R9, another pin connection control circuit; Resistance nine R9 mono-pin is connected with single-chip microcomputer 1 pin, and another pin is connected with resistance eight R8; Resistance ten R10 mono-pin connection control circuit, another pin is connected with resistance 11 R11; Resistance 11 R11 mono-pin is connected with single-chip microcomputer 2 pin, and another pin is connected with resistance ten R10; First electric capacity C4 mono-pin is connected with resistance eight R8, resistance nine R9, another pin welding system ground; Second electric capacity C5 mono-pin is connected with resistance ten R10, resistance 11 R11, another pin welding system ground;
First diode D1 positive pole is connected with resistance five R5,2 pin of negative pole contact relay K1; Second diode D2 positive pole connects triode Q1 collector electrode, 2 pin of negative pole contact relay K1;
Triode Q1 base stage is connected with resistance three R3, and collector electrode is connected with the second diode D2 positive pole, emitter welding system ground;
1 pin of relay K 1 is connected with triode Q1 collector electrode, and 2 pin are connected with the first diode D1 negative pole, and 3 pin are connected with Switching Power Supply output cathode with after 4 pin short circuits, and 5 pin are connected with anode.
Different batteries has and different is full of voltage, and the voltage that is full of of 6V battery is 7.2V; The voltage that is full of of 12V battery is 14.6V; The voltage that is full of of 24V battery is 28.8V.Aging battery can adopt above-mentioned (VI) to plant charging method, and normal battery can adopt (I) to plant charging method, and normal A-battery can adopt (II) to plant charging method.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, multisection type intelligent charging method of the present invention has devulcanization function, the serious battery of sulfuration can be full of very soon with during common charging method charging, but inside battery reality is not charged into how many electricity, can remove the sulfide on battery pole plates with high-voltage pulse, increase battery capacity;
2, have precharge function, when cell voltage is very low, can cause very major injury with large current charge to battery, infringement battery life, is first charged to a safety value with small area analysis cell voltage, can available protecting battery, extending battery life;
3, have soft start function, charging current slowly rises from small to large, prevents charging current from suddenling change and brings impact to battery, protection battery;
Current segmenting when 4, charging normal, charges the battery can damage battery with big current for a long time, and the rising along with cell voltage progressively reduces electric current can reduce infringement to battery, extending battery life;
5, have repair function, after filling, it is very fast that cell voltage can fall aged battery, at this moment repairs it with continuous high-pressure, can recover battery capacity.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is the charge graph of aged battery.
Accompanying drawing 2 is charging circuit figure.
Accompanying drawing 3 is charge graph of normal battery.
Accompanying drawing 4 is charge graph of normal A-battery.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment provided by the invention is elaborated.
Embodiment 1
For 12V battery, 10A charger, the voltage that is full of of 12V battery is 14.6V.For the multisection type intelligent charging method of aged battery, please refer to the charge graph of Fig. 1, comprise the following steps:
(1) diagnose, detect cell voltage, judge next step action of charger;
(2) pulse devulcanization, removes the sulfide on battery pole plates, recovers battery capacity with pulse current and voltage;
(3) preliminary filling, when cell voltage is lower than 12V, in order to protect battery to charge the battery with small area analysis, until cell voltage arrives a safety value;
(4) soft start, charging current slowly rises from small to large, prevents charging current from suddenling change and brings impact to battery, protection battery;
(5) constant current one, charges the battery until cell voltage arrives 13.6V with electric current I 1;
(6) constant current two, charges the battery until cell voltage arrives 14V with electric current I 2;
(7) constant current three, charges the battery until cell voltage arrives be full of voltage 14.6V with electric current I 3;
(8) constant voltage, cell voltage remains unchanged, and slowly reduces charging current until charging current arrives I4;
(9) be full of, when cell voltage arrival is full of voltage 14.6V and charging current is less than I4, battery is full of, turns off charge switch, stops charging;
(10) Pressure method, when battery be full of rear voltage drop too fast time, illustrates that battery capacity diminishes, at this moment charges the battery with continuous high-pressure, make inside battery produce some controllable gas and mix with the acidic materials of inside battery, recovery battery capacity;
(11) again charge, after being full of a period of time, when cell voltage falls to 12.8V, charger charges again to battery.
Wherein, I1 is 10A, I2 be 7.55A, I3 be 5A, I4 is 0.8A.
The charger realizing this multisection type intelligent charging method comprises single-chip microcomputer IC1, control circuit, Switching Power Supply, relay K 1, two diodes, triode Q1, two electric capacity and ten resistance, please refer to the circuit diagram shown in Fig. 2, wherein control circuit one end is connected with single-chip microcomputer, the other end is connected with Switching Power Supply, other end contact relay K1 and the welding system ground respectively of Switching Power Supply.
1 pin of described single-chip microcomputer IC1 is connected with resistance nine R9, and output pulse width modulation (PWM), by controlling charging voltage after capacitance-resistance filter; 2 pin of single-chip microcomputer IC1 are connected with resistance 11 R11, and output pulse width modulation (PWM), by controlling charging current after capacitance-resistance filter; 3 pin of single-chip microcomputer IC1 are connected with resistance three R3, the break-make of control relay K1; 4 pin of single-chip microcomputer IC1 are connected with resistance one R1, resistance two R2, gather cell voltage; 5 pin of single-chip microcomputer IC1 are connected with resistance seven R7, gather charging current; 6 pin of single-chip microcomputer IC1 connect+5V power supply, the 7 pin welding system ground of single-chip microcomputer IC1.
Resistance one R1 mono-pin connects anode, and another pin is connected with resistance two R2; Resistance two R2 mono-pin is connected with resistance one R1, another pin welding system ground; Resistance three R3 mono-pin connects 3 pin of single-chip microcomputer IC1, and another pin connects triode Q1 base stage; Resistance five R5 mono-pin connects+12V power supply, and another pin connects diode D1 positive pole; Resistance six R6 mono-pin is connected with battery cathode, another pin welding system ground; Resistance seven R7 mono-pin is connected with 5 pin of single-chip microcomputer IC1, and another pin connects battery cathode; Resistance eight R8 mono-pin is connected with resistance nine R9, another pin connection control circuit; Resistance nine R9 mono-pin is connected with 1 pin of single-chip microcomputer IC1, and another pin is connected with resistance eight R8; Resistance ten R10 mono-pin connection control circuit, another pin is connected with resistance 11 R11; Resistance 11 R11 mono-pin is connected with 2 pin of single-chip microcomputer IC1, and another pin is connected with resistance ten R10.
Electric capacity C4 mono-pin is connected with resistance eight R8, resistance nine R9, another pin welding system ground; Electric capacity five C5 mono-pin is connected with resistance ten R10, resistance 11 R11, another pin welding system ground.
Diode D1 positive pole is connected with resistance five R5,2 pin of negative pole contact relay K1; Diode D2 positive pole connects triode Q1 collector electrode, 2 pin of negative pole contact relay K1; Triode Q1 base stage is connected with resistance three R3, and collector electrode is connected with diode D2 positive pole, emitter welding system ground.
1 pin of relay K 1 is connected with triode Q1 collector electrode, and 2 pin are connected with diode D1 negative pole, and 3 pin are connected with Switching Power Supply output cathode with after 4 pin short circuits, and 5 pin are connected with anode.
Operation principle is: by 4 pin, single-chip microcomputer IC1 detects that battery to be charged is connected with charger, after judging that this battery is rechargeable battery by diagnosis, 3 pin of single-chip microcomputer IC1 export high level and triode Q1 are opened, and then relay K 1 is opened, single-chip microcomputer IC1 is charged the battery by 1 foot control charging voltage, 2 foot control charging currents.The charge graph of size according to Fig. 1 of charging current and voltage controls.
Embodiment 2
For 12V battery, 10A charger, the voltage that is full of of 12V battery is 14.6V.For the multisection type intelligent charging method of normal battery, please refer to the charge graph of Fig. 3, comprise the following steps:
(1) diagnose, detect cell voltage, judge next step action of charger;
(2) soft start, charging current slowly rises from small to large, prevents charging current from suddenling change and brings impact to battery, protection battery;
(3) constant current one, charges the battery until cell voltage arrives 13.6V with electric current I 1;
(4) constant current two, charges the battery until cell voltage arrives 14V with electric current I 2;
(5) constant current three, charges the battery until cell voltage arrives be full of voltage 14.6V with electric current I 3;
(6) constant voltage, cell voltage remains unchanged, and slowly reduces charging current until charging current arrives I4;
(7) be full of, when cell voltage arrival is full of voltage 14.6V and charging current is less than I4, battery is full of, turns off charge switch, stops charging;
(8) again charge, after being full of a period of time, when cell voltage falls to 12.8V, charger charges again to battery.
Wherein, I1 is 10A, I2 be 7.55A, I3 be 5A, I4 is 0.8A.
Realize the charger of this multisection type intelligent charging method with described in embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
For 12V battery, 10A charger, the voltage that is full of of 12V battery is 14.6V.For the multisection type intelligent charging method of normal A-battery, please refer to the charge graph of Fig. 4, comprise the following steps:
(1) diagnose, detect cell voltage, judge next step action of charger;
(2) preliminary filling, when cell voltage is lower than 12V, in order to protect battery to charge the battery with small area analysis, until cell voltage arrives a safety value;
(3) soft start, charging current slowly rises from small to large, prevents charging current from suddenling change and brings impact to battery, protection battery;
(4) constant current one, charges the battery until cell voltage arrives 13.6V with electric current I 1;
(5) constant current two, charges the battery until cell voltage arrives 14V with electric current I 2;
(6) constant current three, charges the battery until cell voltage arrives be full of voltage 14.6V with electric current I 3;
(7) constant voltage, cell voltage remains unchanged, and slowly reduces charging current until charging current arrives I4;
(8) be full of, when cell voltage arrival is full of voltage 14.6V and charging current is less than I4, battery is full of, turns off charge switch, stops charging;
(9) again charge, after being full of a period of time, when cell voltage falls to 12.8V, charger charges again to battery.
Wherein, I1 is 10A, I2 be 7.55A, I3 be 5A, I4 is 0.8A.
Realize the charger of this multisection type intelligent charging method with described in embodiment 1.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from the inventive method; can also make some improvement and supplement, these improve and supplement and also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a multisection type intelligent charging method, is applicable to rechargeable battery, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) diagnose, detect cell voltage, judge next step action of charger;
(2) soft start, charging current slowly rises from small to large, prevents charging current from suddenling change and brings impact to battery, protection battery;
(3) constant current one, charges the battery until cell voltage arrives V4 with electric current I 1;
(4) constant current two, charges the battery until cell voltage arrives V3 with electric current I 2;
(5) constant current three, charges the battery until cell voltage arrives be full of voltage V2 with electric current I 3;
(6) constant voltage, cell voltage remains unchanged, and slowly reduces charging current until charging current arrives I4;
(7) be full of, when cell voltage arrival is full of voltage V2 and charging current is less than I4, battery is full of, turns off charge switch, stops charging;
(8) again charge, after being full of a period of time, when cell voltage falls to V5, charger charges again to battery;
Wherein, V2 > V3 > V4 > V5, I1 > I2 > I3 > I4; Between described diagnosis algorithm and soft start step, also have pulse devulcanization step and priming procedure, pulse devulcanization step finds out the battery of sulfuration, removes the sulfide on battery pole plates, recover battery capacity with pulse current and voltage; Priming procedure is when cell voltage is very low, in order to protect battery to charge the battery with small area analysis, until cell voltage arrives a safety value.
2. multisection type intelligent charging method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, be full of step described and again also have Pressure method step between charge step, be when battery be full of rear voltage drop too fast time, illustrate that battery capacity diminishes, at this moment charge the battery with continuous high-pressure, make inside battery produce some controllable gas and mix with the acidic materials of inside battery, recover battery capacity.
3. multisection type intelligent charging method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the charger realizing described charging method comprises single-chip microcomputer, control circuit, Switching Power Supply, relay K 1, two diodes, triode Q1, two electric capacity and ten resistance, wherein control circuit one end is connected with single-chip microcomputer, the other end is connected with Switching Power Supply, other end contact relay K1 and the welding system ground respectively of Switching Power Supply;
Described single-chip microcomputer 1 pin is connected with resistance nine R9, output pulse width modulation (PWM), by controlling charging voltage after capacitance-resistance filter, single-chip microcomputer 2 pin is connected with resistance 11 R11, output pulse width modulation (PWM), by controlling charging current after capacitance-resistance filter, single-chip microcomputer 3 pin is connected with resistance three R3, the break-make of control relay K1, single-chip microcomputer 4 pin is connected with resistance one R1, resistance two R2, gathers cell voltage, single-chip microcomputer 5 pin is connected with resistance seven R7, gather charging current, single-chip microcomputer 6 pin connects+5V power supply, single-chip microcomputer 7 pin welding system ground;
Resistance one R1 mono-pin connects anode, and another pin is connected with resistance two R2; Resistance two R2 mono-pin is connected with resistance one R1, another pin welding system ground; Resistance three R3 mono-pin connects single-chip microcomputer 3 pin, and another pin connects triode Q1 base stage; Resistance five R5 mono-pin connects+12V power supply, and another pin connects the first diode D1 positive pole; Resistance six R6 mono-pin is connected with battery cathode, another pin welding system ground; Resistance seven R7 mono-pin is connected with single-chip microcomputer 5 pin, and another pin connects battery cathode; Resistance eight R8 mono-pin is connected with resistance nine R9, another pin connection control circuit; Resistance nine R9 mono-pin is connected with single-chip microcomputer 1 pin, and another pin is connected with resistance eight R8; Resistance ten R10 mono-pin connection control circuit, another pin is connected with resistance 11 R11; Resistance 11 R11 mono-pin is connected with single-chip microcomputer 2 pin, and another pin is connected with resistance ten R10; First electric capacity C4 mono-pin is connected with resistance eight R8, resistance nine R9, another pin welding system ground; Second electric capacity C5 mono-pin is connected with resistance ten R10, resistance 11 R11, another pin welding system ground;
First diode D1 positive pole is connected with resistance five R5,2 pin of negative pole contact relay K1; Second diode D2 positive pole connects triode Q1 collector electrode, 2 pin of negative pole contact relay K1;
Triode Q1 base stage is connected with resistance three R3, and collector electrode is connected with the second diode D2 positive pole, emitter welding system ground;
1 pin of relay K 1 is connected with triode Q1 collector electrode, and 2 pin are connected with the first diode D1 negative pole, and 3 pin are connected with Switching Power Supply output cathode with after 4 pin short circuits, and 5 pin are connected with anode.
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