CN103700808B - A kind of lithium ion battery composite anode pole piece, preparation method and lithium ion battery - Google Patents

A kind of lithium ion battery composite anode pole piece, preparation method and lithium ion battery Download PDF

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CN103700808B
CN103700808B CN201310230676.5A CN201310230676A CN103700808B CN 103700808 B CN103700808 B CN 103700808B CN 201310230676 A CN201310230676 A CN 201310230676A CN 103700808 B CN103700808 B CN 103700808B
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slurry
ion battery
lithium ion
pole piece
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CN103700808A (en
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徐军红
陈和平
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LUOYANG YUEXING NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/133Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/131Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/139Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/1391Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/139Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/1393Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of lithium ion battery composite anode pole piece, comprise negative current collector, the two sides of described negative current collector is coated with the first coat and the 2nd coat respectively, the coating slurry of described first coat is graphite slurry, and the coating slurry of described 2nd coat is metatitanic acid lithium slurry. The present invention applies the first coat comprising graphite, binding agent, conductive agent respectively on negative current collector two sides, with the 2nd coat comprising metatitanic acid lithium, binding agent, conductive agent, utilize the feature that the gram volume height of graphite cathode material, processing characteristics are excellent, voltage platform is low to improve the energy density of battery, utilize the feature that lithium titanate anode material good rate capability, cycle performance are excellent, low-temperature performance is good expand the use range of battery and improve the chemical property of battery. The invention also discloses the preparation method of this composite negative pole pole piece and comprise the lithium ion battery of this composite negative pole pole piece.

Description

A kind of lithium ion battery composite anode pole piece, preparation method and lithium ion battery
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of lithium ion, it is specifically related to a kind of lithium ion battery composite anode pole piece, also relates to the preparation method of this composite negative pole pole piece a kind of simultaneously and use the lithium ion battery of this composite negative pole pole piece.
Background technology
Lithium ion battery is a kind of novel energy-storing power supply grown up in recent years, and, energy density height easy to carry with it, have extended cycle life, the characteristic such as environmental friendliness be widely used in the fields such as communication, power truck, energy storage. Meanwhile, along with the raising that lithium ion battery energy density is required by portable type electronic product, both having had high-energy-density, long circulation life, high rate capability, the lithium ion battery again with high safety performance and good low temperature performance enjoys people to pay close attention to.
Whether portable energy-storing battery or EV, HEV power cell, lithium ion battery all needs to meet following feature: 1) high-energy-density and high power density; 2) working range width, high temperature performance is excellent; 3) long cycle life and working life; 4) outstanding safety performance. In order to meet the use feature of more than lithium ion battery, it is necessary to select suitable lithium ion battery negative material. The negative material great majority used in existing market are graphite type material, its material has the advantages such as processing characteristics excellence, capacity height, sparking voltage be low, but its material cycle life is general, high rate performance is poor, the characteristic of poor safety performance limits its material and develops to more excellent direction. Lithium titanate anode material has safety performance height, have extended cycle life (cycle life can reach 20,000 times), the advantages such as low-temperature performance is excellent, but the characteristics such as the specific storage of its material is low, sparking voltage height, processing characteristics deviation limit the widespread use of its material. Therefore develop a kind of not only there is higher energy density but also have have extended cycle life, the negative material of low temperature performance excellent become the important research direction of lithium ion battery.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide and a kind of there is higher energy density, and cycle performance and the superior lithium ion battery composite anode pole piece of low-temperature performance.
2nd object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of a kind of lithium ion battery composite anode pole piece.
3rd object of the present invention is to provide a kind of lithium ion battery using above-mentioned composite negative pole pole piece.
In order to realize above object, the present invention adopts following described technical scheme:
A kind of lithium ion battery composite anode pole piece, comprise negative current collector, the two sides of described negative current collector is coated with the first coat and the 2nd coat respectively, and the coating slurry of described first coat is graphite slurry, and the coating slurry of described 2nd coat is metatitanic acid lithium slurry.
Described negative current collector is Copper Foil.
Described graphite slurry be by graphite, binding agent, conductive agent according to (92��96): (1��5): the mass ratio of (1��3) add deionized water mixes obtained.
Described metatitanic acid lithium slurry be by metatitanic acid lithium, binding agent, conductive agent according to (90��94): (4��7): the mass ratio of (2��3) add deionized water mixes obtained.
Described first coat and the 2nd coat binding agent used are LA132 aqueous binders or the one of CMC/SBR aqueous binders.
Described first coat and the 2nd coat conductive agent are carbon black, SP, one or more compound of carbon nanotube;
A preparation method for above-mentioned lithium ion battery composite anode pole piece, comprises the following steps:
1) graphite slurry preparation: according to graphite: binding agent: the mass ratio of conductive agent is (92��96): (1��5): the ratio of (1��3), adds graphite, binding agent, conductive agent in deionized water and mixes, obtain graphite slurry;
2) metatitanic acid lithium slurry preparation: according to metatitanic acid lithium: binding agent: the mass ratio of conductive agent is (90��94): (4��7): the ratio of (2��3), adds metatitanic acid lithium, binding agent, conductive agent in deionized water and mixes, obtain metatitanic acid lithium slurry;
3) slurry coating: the one side that step 1) gained graphite slurry is evenly coated in negative current collector, the first coat is formed after 70 ~ 90 DEG C of drying 0.1 ~ 1h, again by step 2) gained metatitanic acid lithium slurry is evenly coated in the another side of negative current collector, form the 2nd coat after 70 ~ 90 DEG C of drying 0.1 ~ 1h, obtain composite pole volume;
4) pole piece drying and pressure roller: after being cut by step 3) gained composite pole volume, dry also roll-in, to obtain final product.
In step 3), the one side area density of described first coat is 40��50g/m2; The one side area density of described 2nd coat is 80��100g/m2��
Described first coat with the ratio of the one side area density of the 2nd coat is: the first coat: two coat=1:2.
Temperature dry described in step 4) is 100��150 DEG C, and time of drying is 24��72h; The pressure of described roll-in is 2��30MPa.
A kind of lithium ion battery using above-mentioned composite negative pole pole piece, the cathode pole piece of described lithium ion battery comprises negative current collector, the two sides of described negative current collector is coated with the first coat and the 2nd coat respectively, the coating slurry of described first coat is graphite slurry, and the coating slurry of described 2nd coat is metatitanic acid lithium slurry.
Owing to adopting technique scheme, the present invention has following positively effect:
The lithium ion battery composite anode pole piece of the present invention, the first coat comprising graphite, binding agent, conductive agent is applied respectively on negative current collector two sides, with the 2nd coat comprising metatitanic acid lithium, binding agent, conductive agent, utilize the feature that the gram volume height of graphite cathode material, processing characteristics are excellent, voltage platform is low to improve the energy density of battery, utilize the feature that lithium titanate anode material good rate capability, cycle performance are excellent, low-temperature performance is good expand the use range of battery and improve the chemical property of battery.Use the lithium ion battery prepared by this composite negative pole pole piece while having superior cycle performance and low-temperature performance, it is to increase the energy density of battery. The characteristic bigger due to the particle diameter of graphite type material and the less characteristic of metatitanic acid lithium particle diameter, make to produce synergistic effect between its material, namely small-particle can be filled between macrobead, increases contact probability and the compacted density of material, thus improves multiplying power, the low-temperature performance of macrobead graphite-like; Graphite-like macrobead can improve again the capacity of material and improve processing characteristics simultaneously, and reduce small-particle reunion etc. and process the problem caused, thus promote the performance of small-particle metatitanic acid lithium useful capacity, promote the raising of energy density, both the high characteristic of graphite type material capacity of tourists can have been given play to, multiplying power, the cycle performance of metatitanic acid lithium can be improved again, thus improve the overall performance of battery. The preparation method of the lithium ion battery composite anode pole piece of the present invention, adopt the technique of slurry preparation, slurry coating and the dry roll-in of pole piece, simple, convenient, the lithium ion battery composite anode pole piece of preparation, while there is superior cycle performance and low-temperature performance, improve the energy density of battery, it is applicable to large-scale industrial production.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1
The lithium ion battery composite anode pole piece of the present embodiment, comprise negative current collector, the two sides of described negative current collector is coated with the first coat and the 2nd coat respectively, and the coating slurry of described first coat is graphite slurry, and the coating slurry of described 2nd coat is metatitanic acid lithium slurry. Described negative current collector is Copper Foil. Described graphite slurry be graphite, binding agent, conductive agent are added according to the mass ratio of 96:3:1 deionized water mixes obtained. Described metatitanic acid lithium slurry be metatitanic acid lithium, binding agent, conductive agent are added according to the mass ratio of 92:5:3 deionized water mixes obtained. Described LA132 aqueous binders. Described conductive agent is carbon black.
The preparation method of the lithium ion battery composite anode pole piece of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps:
1) graphite slurry preparation: take 3g binding agent, 1g carbon black, 50g deionized water add and close in slurry machine, stir 2h, then add 96g synthetic graphite, stir 4h, then add 70g deionized water, be stirred to and mix, obtain graphite slurry;
2) metatitanic acid lithium slurry preparation: take 5g binding agent, 3g conductive agent, 60g deionized water add and close in slurry machine, stir 1h, then add 92g metatitanic acid lithium and 60g deionized water, be stirred to and mix, obtain metatitanic acid lithium slurry;
3) slurry coating: use coating machine that step 1) gained graphite slurry is evenly coated in the one side of negative current collector Copper Foil, forms the first coat after dry, the one side area density of the first coat is 40m2/ g, then by step 2) gained metatitanic acid lithium slurry is evenly coated in the another side of negative current collector Copper Foil, forms the 2nd coat after dry, and the one side area density of the 2nd coat is 80m2/ g, obtains composite pole volume;
4) pole piece drying and pressure roller: after step 3) gained composite pole volume is cut, dry 48h under 120 DEG C of conditions, then carry out roll-in by roll squeezer, the pressure of roll-in is 30MPa, to obtain final product.
The lithium ion battery using above-mentioned composite negative pole pole piece of the present embodiment, the cathode pole piece of described lithium ion battery comprises negative current collector, the two sides of described negative current collector is coated with the first coat and the 2nd coat respectively, the coating slurry of described first coat is graphite slurry, and the coating slurry of described 2nd coat is metatitanic acid lithium slurry.Described graphite slurry be graphite, binding agent, conductive agent are added according to the mass ratio of 96:3:1 deionized water mixes obtained. Described metatitanic acid lithium slurry be metatitanic acid lithium, binding agent, conductive agent are added according to the mass ratio of 92:5:3 deionized water mixes obtained. Described negative current collector is Copper Foil. Described binding agent is LA132 aqueous binders. Described conductive agent is carbon black.
Embodiment 2
The lithium ion battery composite anode pole piece of the present embodiment, comprise negative current collector, the two sides of described negative current collector is coated with the first coat and the 2nd coat respectively, and the coating slurry of described first coat is graphite slurry, and the coating slurry of described 2nd coat is metatitanic acid lithium slurry. Described negative current collector is Copper Foil. Described graphite slurry be graphite, binding agent, conductive agent are added according to the mass ratio of 92:5:2 deionized water mixes obtained. Described metatitanic acid lithium slurry be metatitanic acid lithium, binding agent, conductive agent are added according to the mass ratio of 90:7:2 deionized water mixes obtained. Described binding agent is CMC/SBR aqueous binders. Described conductive agent is SP.
The preparation method of the lithium ion battery composite anode pole piece of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps:
1) graphite slurry preparation: take 5g binding agent, 2g carbon black, 60g deionized water add and close in slurry machine, stir 2h, then add 92g synthetic graphite, stir 4h, then add 60g deionized water, be stirred to and mix, obtain graphite slurry;
2) metatitanic acid lithium slurry preparation: take 7g binding agent, 2g conductive agent, 65g deionized water add and close in slurry machine, stir 1h, then add 90g metatitanic acid lithium and 55g deionized water, be stirred to and mix, obtain metatitanic acid lithium slurry;
3) slurry coating: use coating machine that step 1) gained graphite slurry is evenly coated in the one side of negative current collector Copper Foil, forms the first coat after dry, the one side area density of the first coat is 45m2/ g, then by step 2) gained metatitanic acid lithium slurry is evenly coated in the another side of negative current collector Copper Foil, forms the 2nd coat after dry, and the one side area density of the 2nd coat is 95m2/ g, obtains composite pole volume;
4) pole piece drying and pressure roller: after step 3) gained composite pole volume is cut, dry 24h under 150 DEG C of conditions, then carry out roll-in by roll squeezer, the pressure of roll-in is 2MPa, to obtain final product.
The lithium ion battery using above-mentioned composite negative pole pole piece of the present embodiment, the cathode pole piece of described lithium ion battery comprises negative current collector, the two sides of described negative current collector is coated with the first coat and the 2nd coat respectively, the coating slurry of described first coat is graphite slurry, and the coating slurry of described 2nd coat is metatitanic acid lithium slurry. Described negative current collector is Copper Foil. Described graphite slurry be graphite, binding agent, conductive agent are added according to the mass ratio of 92:5:2 deionized water mixes obtained. Described metatitanic acid lithium slurry be metatitanic acid lithium, binding agent, conductive agent are added according to the mass ratio of 90:7:2 deionized water mixes obtained. Described binding agent is LA132 aqueous adhesive. Described conductive agent is carbon black.
Embodiment 3
The lithium ion battery composite anode pole piece of the present embodiment, comprise negative current collector, the two sides of described negative current collector is coated with the first coat and the 2nd coat respectively, and the coating slurry of described first coat is graphite slurry, and the coating slurry of described 2nd coat is metatitanic acid lithium slurry.Described negative current collector is Copper Foil. Described graphite slurry be graphite, binding agent, conductive agent are added according to the mass ratio of 94:1:3 deionized water mixes obtained. Described metatitanic acid lithium slurry be metatitanic acid lithium, binding agent, conductive agent are added according to the mass ratio of 94:4:2.5 deionized water mixes obtained. Described caking agent is LA132 aqueous binders. Described conductive agent is carbon black.
The preparation method of the lithium ion battery composite anode pole piece of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps:
1) graphite slurry preparation: take 1g binding agent, 3g carbon black, 45g deionized water add and close in slurry machine, stir 2h, then add 94g synthetic graphite, stir 4h, then add 65g deionized water, be stirred to and mix, obtain graphite slurry;
2) metatitanic acid lithium slurry preparation: take 4g binding agent, 2.5g conductive agent, 65g deionized water add and close in slurry machine, stir 1h, then add 94g metatitanic acid lithium and 50g deionized water, be stirred to and mix, obtain metatitanic acid lithium slurry;
3) slurry coating: use coating machine that step 1) gained graphite slurry is evenly coated in the one side of negative current collector Copper Foil, forms the first coat after dry, the one side area density of the first coat is 50g/m2, then by step 2) gained metatitanic acid lithium slurry is evenly coated in the another side of negative current collector Copper Foil, forms the 2nd coat after dry, the one side area density of the 2nd coat is 100g/m2, obtain composite pole volume;
4) pole piece drying and pressure roller: after step 3) gained composite pole volume is cut, dry 72h under 100 DEG C of conditions, then carry out roll-in by roll squeezer, the pressure of roll-in is 15MPa, to obtain final product.
The lithium ion battery using above-mentioned composite negative pole pole piece of the present embodiment, the cathode pole piece of described lithium ion battery comprises negative current collector, the two sides of described negative current collector is coated with the first coat and the 2nd coat respectively, the coating slurry of described first coat is graphite slurry, and the coating slurry of described 2nd coat is metatitanic acid lithium slurry. Described negative current collector is Copper Foil. Described graphite slurry be graphite, binding agent, conductive agent are added according to the mass ratio of 94:1:3 deionized water mixes obtained. Described metatitanic acid lithium slurry be metatitanic acid lithium, binding agent, conductive agent are added according to the mass ratio of 94:4:2.5 deionized water mixes obtained. Described binding agent is LA132 aqueous adhesive. Described conductive agent is carbon black.
Experimental example
This experimental example using embodiment 1��3 gained lithium ion battery composite anode pole piece as negative pole, iron lithium phosphate as positive electrode material, with the LiPF of 1.0mol/L6/ EC+DEC(VEC��VDEC=1: 1) (EC:ethylenecarbonate, NSC 11801; DEC:diethylcarbonate, diethyl carbonate) make electrolytic solution, U.S. Celgard2300 is barrier film, prepares the lithium ion battery of 5AH respectively, is circulated by battery afterwards, low-temperature test, and test result is as shown in Table 1, 2 and 3. Wherein, the negative current collector two sides of the battery of comparative example 1 all applies graphite slurry, and all lithium titanate coated slurry in the negative current collector two sides of the battery of comparative example 2, other are equal conditions.
Table 1 lithium ion battery cycle performance test result
Table 2 lithium ion battery low-temperature performance test result
Table 3 lithium ion battery energy density compares
From upper table 1,2 and 3, the comparative example 2 of all lithium titanate coated slurry of comparative example 1 and negative current collector two sides of graphite slurry is all applied relative to negative current collector two sides, adopt the lithium ion battery of the cathode pole piece of the embodiment of the present invention 1��3 both to improve the mass-energy density of battery, take into account again circulation and the low-temperature performance of battery.

Claims (10)

1. a lithium ion battery composite anode pole piece, comprise negative current collector, it is characterized in that: described negative current collector is Copper Foil, the one side of described negative current collector is coated with the first coat, the another side of described negative current collector is coated with the 2nd coat, the coating slurry of described first coat is graphite slurry, and the coating slurry of described 2nd coat is metatitanic acid lithium slurry.
2. lithium ion battery composite anode pole piece according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described graphite slurry be by graphite, binding agent, conductive agent according to (92��96): (1��5): the mass ratio of (1��3) add deionized water mixes obtained.
3. lithium ion battery composite anode pole piece according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described metatitanic acid lithium slurry be by metatitanic acid lithium, binding agent, conductive agent according to (90��94): (4��7): the mass ratio of (2��3) add deionized water mixes obtained.
4. lithium ion battery composite anode pole piece according to Claims 2 or 3, is characterized in that: described binding agent is LA132 aqueous binders or the one of CMC/SBR aqueous binders.
5. lithium ion battery composite anode pole piece according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described conductive agent is carbon black.
6. a preparation method for lithium ion battery composite anode pole piece described in the arbitrary item of claim 1 to 5, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1) graphite slurry preparation: according to graphite: binding agent: the mass ratio of conductive agent is (92��96): (1��5): the ratio of (1��3), adds graphite, binding agent, conductive agent in deionized water and mixes, obtain graphite slurry;
2) metatitanic acid lithium slurry preparation: according to metatitanic acid lithium: binding agent: the mass ratio of conductive agent is (90��94): (4��7): the ratio of (2��3), adds metatitanic acid lithium, binding agent, conductive agent in deionized water and mixes, obtain metatitanic acid lithium slurry;
3) slurry coating: the one side that step 1) gained graphite slurry is evenly coated in negative current collector, the first coat is formed after 70 ~ 90 DEG C of drying 0.1 ~ 1h, again by step 2) gained metatitanic acid lithium slurry is evenly coated in the another side of negative current collector, form the 2nd coat after 70 ~ 90 DEG C of drying 0.1 ~ 1h, obtain composite pole volume;
4) pole piece drying and pressure roller: after being cut by step 3) gained composite pole volume, dry also roll-in, to obtain final product.
7. the preparation method of lithium ion battery composite anode pole piece according to claim 6, is characterized in that: in step 3), and the one side area density of described first coat is 40��50g/m2; The one side area density of described 2nd coat is 80��100g/m2��
8. the preparation method of lithium ion battery composite anode pole piece according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described first coat with the ratio of the one side area density of the 2nd coat is: the first coat: two coat=1:2.
9. the preparation method of lithium ion battery composite anode pole piece according to claim 6, is characterized in that: temperature dry described in step 4) is 100��150 DEG C, and time of drying is 24��72h; The pressure of described roll-in is 2��30MPa.
10. one kind uses the lithium ion battery of the composite negative pole pole piece described in arbitrary item of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: the composite negative pole pole piece of described lithium ion battery comprises negative current collector, the one side of described negative current collector is coated with the first coat, the another side of described negative current collector is coated with the 2nd coat, the coating slurry of described first coat is graphite slurry, and the coating slurry of described 2nd coat is metatitanic acid lithium slurry.
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CN111785923B (en) * 2020-07-31 2023-05-05 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 Lithium ion battery anode, preparation method and application thereof and lithium ion battery
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