CN103699734A - Car head-on collision conceptual design method based on LPM (Lumped Parameter Model) - Google Patents
Car head-on collision conceptual design method based on LPM (Lumped Parameter Model) Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种基于集中参数化模型的汽车正面碰撞概念设计方法，属于汽车车身设计领域。通过建立汽车的集中参数化模型（LumpedParameterModel，以下简称LPM）来进行汽车正面碰撞概念设计的简化分析方法，用于汽车的概念设计阶段的抗撞性能评估，并调整车身轴向抗撞性刚度分布。在概念设计阶段建立整车的多自由度LPM，通过将分段线性的力-位移关系曲线赋值给LPM中的弹簧单元，实现LPM轴向碰撞刚度的定义。本发明可很好地满足汽车概念设计阶段中对车身抗撞性能分析的需求，并能够辅助设计人员快速建立汽车概念设计的LPM，从而实现了对初步设计方案的性能快速评估和修改，缩短了设计周期。
The invention relates to a conceptual design method for automobile frontal collision based on a centralized parameterized model, which belongs to the field of automobile body design. A simplified analysis method for the conceptual design of the frontal collision of automobiles by establishing a LumpedParameterModel (hereinafter referred to as LPM) of the automobile, which is used for the evaluation of the anti-collision performance of the conceptual design stage of the automobile, and adjusts the distribution of the axial anti-collision stiffness of the car body . In the conceptual design stage, the multi-degree-of-freedom LPM of the vehicle is established, and the definition of the axial collision stiffness of the LPM is realized by assigning the piecewise linear force-displacement relationship curve to the spring unit in the LPM. The present invention can well meet the requirement of analyzing the anti-collision performance of the car body in the conceptual design stage of the automobile, and can assist the designer to quickly establish the LPM of the conceptual design of the automobile, thus realizing the rapid evaluation and modification of the performance of the preliminary design scheme, shortening the Design cycle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Automobile Body Design field, particularly a kind of frontal crash of vehicles conceptual design method based on lumped parameter model.The minibus analysis and research that are mainly used in the automobile concept design stage are lumped parameter model LPM(Lumped Parameter Model of a kind of simplification), for the conceptual phase of new model.By setting up the multiple degrees of freedom LPM of new model, come express-analysis to evaluate automobile in the minibus performance of head-on crash process, and can further instruct and the vehicle structure optimal design of carrying out based on security.
Background technology
Body structure design is divided into conceptual phase and detailed design phase conventionally.The main task of frontal crash of vehicles conceptual phase is to determine arrangement form and the minibus Stiffness Distribution of vehicle body energy absorbing component.At the conceptual phase of new model, by setting up the car load LPM of new model, can obtain rapidly the crashworthiness parameter of new construction, whether verification it reach the performance objective of new model, and then instruct structural modification and subsequent design.
LPM is conceptual model integrated to automobile height and that simplify, in car load LPM, the main energy absorbing component that forms vehicle body is all reduced to the spring unit of simplification, the rigidity situation of spring defines by the mode of force-displacement relationship curve assignment, and in complete vehicle structure, there is not large deformation or do not bear the large quality structure of energy-absorbing function, as engine, wheel box, part crossstructure, be reduced to the mass unit of rigidity.The main advantage of LPM is, in the automobile concept design stage, can be according to general arrangement demand Modify rapidly LPM design parameter, the rigidity that comprises spring length, mass quality and spring, thereby part quality and vehicle body axial rigidity are distributed with to the design of a quantification, the degree of freedom of design is large, realizes the conceptual design of forward.
By domestic and international pertinent literature, retrieve, in similar prior art, the spring unit of car load LPM all adopts resilient material, and corresponding error, appears in the problem that this can cause mass generation resilience in collision process.And, in prior art, the spring unit of LPM is carried out to force-displacement relationship curve rigidity assignment and mostly according to test or analog result data, define, belong to reverse conceptual design, little to the directive significance of new model detailed design phase.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of frontal crash of vehicles conceptual design method based on lumped parameter model, solved the problems referred to above that prior art exists.The present invention can instruct at conceptual phase the lumped parameter model LPM of the frontal crash of vehicles of Crash Safety Design of Vehicles energy Design and optimization.Key technical problem of the present invention be by by programmable piecewise linear force-displacement relationship curve assignment to the spring unit in LPM, realize the definition of LPM axial impact rigidity, thereby reach in the conceptual phase entry evaluation crashworthiness of automobile and the design object of control vehicle body axial rigidity distribution.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Designer carries out overall design to the vehicle structure of conceptual phase, determines major parameter and the structure of automobile.According to the needs of frontal crash of vehicles security actual design problem, determine the scale of LPM, i.e. the number of degrees of freedom, of model.The concrete scheme of each spring unit and mass representative energy absorbing component or large quality structure in design car load LPM.According to actual design experience and target, determine the design parameter of each spring unit and mass.Full Vehicle System is simplified, by its abstract be lumped parameter model LPM.
The curve assignment method of medi-spring rigidity of the present invention is another important technology path.According to the minibus target that will reach in Conceptual Design, the rigidity situation of each spring in design LPM, implementation is to plastoelastic spring material by the piecewise linear force-displacement relationship curve assignment that represents each spring rate.The car load LPM establishing is imported and in general business software, carries out collision simulation, whether the collision response that judges car load LPM meets design requirement, if do not met, in design allowed band, revise the design parameter in LPM, the rigidity that comprises spring length, mass quality and spring, until meet design requirement, conceptual phase finishes, and carries out on this basis the detailed design of vehicle structure.
Frontal crash of vehicles conceptual design method based on lumped parameter model of the present invention, concrete steps are as follows:
Step 1: designer carries out overall design to the vehicle structure of conceptual phase, determines major parameter and the structure of automobile, as length of wagon, width, height and complete vehicle quality etc.;
Step 2: designer, according to the needs of frontal crash of vehicles security actual design problem, determines the scale of LPM, the i.e. number of degrees of freedom, of model, the namely number of mass in car load LPM;
Step 3: according to above information, Full Vehicle System is carried out integrated and simplified, by its abstract be lumped parameter model LPM, wherein, comprise the spring unit that energy-absorbing subsystem or parts is reduced to elastic-plastic, by large deformation not occurring in collision process or not bearing the large quality structure of energy-absorbing task, be reduced to the mass unit of rigidity;
Step 4: according to general arrangement situation and the design object of target vehicle, determine the design parameter of each spring unit and mass in car load LPM, comprise spring length, the mass length of side and mass quality;
Step 5: the minibus target that will reach according to expection in Conceptual Design, the rigidity situation of each spring in design car load LPM, implementation is for first according to design experiences and designing requirement, to representing that the piecewise linear force-displacement relationship curve of each spring rate carries out Definition of design, then the spring material of the piecewise linear force-displacement relationship curve assignment of each spring rate to elastic-plastic will be represented;
Step 6: the car load LPM establishing is imported and carries out head-on crash simulation analysis in general business software, the object information that obtains car load LPM comprises: impact force, energy and the speed curve in time domain, whether the collision response that judges accordingly car load LPM meets predefined Frontal Crash Safety of HF designing requirement, if do not met, in design allowed band, revise the design parameter in LPM, the rigidity that comprises spring length, mass quality and spring, until meet design requirement, conceptual phase finishes, and carries out on this basis the detailed design of vehicle structure.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the frontal crash of vehicles conceptual design method by this based on lumped parameter model, can be according to overall layout requirements fast construction car load collision conceptual analysis model, and then realize the rapid evaluation of crashworthiness, with this, instruct follow-up structural modification and arrange and adjust, meeting the structural design demand towards passive security performance.Designer adopts the present invention, can realize the rapid evaluation of car load crashworthiness in preliminary project and the Modify rapidly of design proposal.Practical.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, forms the application's a part, and illustrative example of the present invention and explanation thereof are used for explaining the present invention, do not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram that LPM of the present invention implements;
Fig. 2 is LPM model example of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is certain spring rate example in LPM of the present invention;
Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 is the application example of LPM of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, further illustrate detailed content of the present invention and embodiment thereof.
Referring to shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, the LPM analysis process that is applied to certain true vehicle A conceptual phase exploitation of take is example, and the present invention is described further.
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram that the present invention is based on the frontal crash of vehicles conceptual design method of lumped parameter model, and it comprises following concrete steps:
Step 1: designer carries out overall design to the vehicle structure of conceptual phase, determines major parameter and the structure of automobile, as length of wagon, width, height and complete vehicle quality etc.
Step 2: designer, according to the needs of frontal crash of vehicles security actual design problem, determines the scale of LPM, the i.e. number of degrees of freedom, of model, the namely number of mass in car load LPM.Because the functional requirement of true vehicle A conceptual phase is only considered the rigidity definition of main energy absorbing component and the quality influence of large mass rigid structure; and at conceptual phase, do not plan to realize passenger protection functional simulation, therefore the number of degrees of freedom, of the car load LPM of vehicle A is designed to 4.
Step 3: according to above information, Full Vehicle System is carried out integrated and is simplified, by its abstract be lumped parameter model LPM.Wherein, comprise main energy-absorbing subsystem or parts, as bumper and energy-absorption box assembly, front longitudinal, be reduced to the spring unit of elastic-plastic, to in collision process, there is not large deformation or not bear the large quality structure of energy-absorbing task, as engine, wheel box, part crossstructure, be reduced to the mass unit of rigidity.
Fig. 2 has illustrated the car load four-degree-of-freedom LPM of true vehicle A, and wherein each mass reduction situation is expressed as follows: M1 is the quality of bumper and energy-absorption box; M2 is the quality of subframe, suspension system and wheel; M3 is the quality of vehicle body; M4 is the quality of engine and wheel box.For each mass, only consider a freedom of motion, i.e. vehicle body axial direction.In car load LPM, the energy absorbing component of each spring unit representative or the situation of subsystem are as follows: K1 is bumper and energy-absorption box assembly; K2 is front longitudinal first paragraph; K3 is front longitudinal second segment; K4 is engine support; K5, K7 are engine gap; K6 is subframe.
LPM model degree of freedom aspect, can, according to the specific requirement of conceptual phase safety Design, increase or reduce the degree of freedom of LPM.For example, occupant's response characteristic in conceptual phase is considered collision process as need can be set up the mass and the corresponding restricted spring that represent occupant in LPM.
Step 4: according to general arrangement situation and the design object of target vehicle, determine the design parameter of each spring unit and mass in car load LPM, comprise spring length, the mass length of side and mass quality.
The final design parameter situation of the car load four-degree-of-freedom LPM of vehicle A is as follows: each spring length aspect, K1=200mm, K2=250mm, K3=K6=350mm, K4=100mm, K5=400mm, K7=550mm; Mass length of side aspect, M1=M2=M4=100mm, M3=150mm; Mass quality aspect, M1=4.803E-3 T, M2=7.650E-2 T, M3=0.777692 T, M4=0.19 T.
Step 5: the minibus target that will reach according to expection in Conceptual Design, the rigidity situation of each spring in design car load LPM, implementation is for first according to design experiences and designing requirement, to representing that the piecewise linear force-displacement relationship curve of each spring rate carries out Definition of design, then the spring material of the piecewise linear force-displacement relationship curve assignment of each spring rate to elastic-plastic will be represented.
Fig. 3 has illustrated to represent in car load LPM power-displacement rigidity curve of the spring unit of front longitudinal.As example, power-displacement rigidity curve form of other springs is same as shown in Figure 3.As shown in Figure 3, curve is divided into two sections, the linear deformation stage that first paragraph is spring, and the plastic period that second segment is spring, corresponding is the size of spring yield force.In the present invention, the spring unit of LPM adopts elastic-plastic material, can guarantee that spring unit well simulates the energy-absorbing performance in collision process, and rebound phenomenon does not occur.
Step 6: the car load LPM establishing is imported and carries out head-on crash simulation analysis in general business software, the object information that obtains car load LPM comprises: impact force, the curve in time domain such as energy and speed, whether the collision response that judges accordingly car load LPM meets predefined Frontal Crash Safety of HF designing requirement, if do not met, in design allowed band, revise the design parameter in LPM, comprise spring length, the rigidity of mass quality and spring, until meet design requirement, conceptual phase finishes, carry out on this basis the detailed design of vehicle structure.
Above step all can be passed through parametric modeling mode realization flow automated analysis.
Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 be applied to certain true vehicle A conceptual phase exploitation LPM collision response with take this LPM model carries out the car load finite element detailed model that body structure detailed design finally obtains analysis result as basis and contrast.Although as can be seen from the figure LPM collision response numerically exists certain deviation with detailed model result, overall variation rule is comparatively approaching.Therefore, the LPM of conceptual phase has guiding value to frontal crash of vehicles performance design.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.All any modifications made for the present invention, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within protection scope of the present invention all should be included in.
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| CN105701301A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-06-22 | 北京汽车股份有限公司 | Vehicle forward intersection detection method and device |
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| CN109063401A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2018-12-21 | 吉林大学 | The method for realizing the optimization of structure contact force is displaced using Equivalent Static |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104462663A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-03-25 | 上海大学 | Method for determining maximum low-speed collision deformation of cross beam of bumper of automobile |
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| CN105160431B (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2019-03-12 | 清华大学 | A safety performance prediction method for future vehicle driver assistance systems |
| CN105701301A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-06-22 | 北京汽车股份有限公司 | Vehicle forward intersection detection method and device |
| CN107256289A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-10-17 | 吉林大学 | The method for building up of car crass reduced parameter FEM model |
| CN107169235A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-09-15 | 吉林大学 | A kind of multi-parameter collision waveform quality evaluating method |
| CN109063401A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2018-12-21 | 吉林大学 | The method for realizing the optimization of structure contact force is displaced using Equivalent Static |
| CN112329123A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2021-02-05 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Frame vehicle body collision concept design method |
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