CN103698135A - Motorcycle front shock absorber static load feature test device - Google Patents
Motorcycle front shock absorber static load feature test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103698135A CN103698135A CN201310690375.0A CN201310690375A CN103698135A CN 103698135 A CN103698135 A CN 103698135A CN 201310690375 A CN201310690375 A CN 201310690375A CN 103698135 A CN103698135 A CN 103698135A
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Abstract
The invention provides a motorcycle front shock absorber static load feature test device, which comprises an upper clamping device and a lower driving device, wherein the upper clamping device and the lower driving device are separated at top and bottom and are in arrangement in a way of mutually deviating from an axial line, the upper clamping device comprises a machine seat, a lower platform is connected onto the machine seat, the lower platform is sequentially provided with a guide rail seat, a linear guide rail and an upper slide table from top to bottom, the upper slide table can leftwards and rightwards move, a first front-and-back pin support seat arranged at the left side of the upper slide table is pinned and connected with an installing plate in inclined arrangement, two sets of identical front-and-back isolated clamping mechanisms are connected onto the outer side surface of the installing plate in a way of sharing one axial line, a second front-and-back pin support seat arranged at the right side is pinned and connected with an adjustable support rod provided with a straight groove, the upper end of the adjustable support rod is pinned and connected with the installing plate, a delta-shaped support frame structure with the adjustable inner angle size is formed, the lower driving device comprises a driving mechanism, a force sensor and a force exerting pin seat, the force sensor and the force exerting pin seat are sequentially connected with the driving mechanism, and the upper end surface of the force sensor is also connected with a displacement sensor. The motorcycle front shock absorber static load feature test device has the advantages that the structure is simple, the installation inclination angle is convenient to regulate, and the shock absorber static load feature test requirements specified by relevant standards can be met.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to properties of product test and experimental technique field, relate to a kind of Static load characteristics test unit, especially relate to a kind of front damper of motorcycle Static load characteristics test unit.
Background technology
Vibroshock, as the critical component in driving vehicle, has vital role to the comfortableness of driving vehicle, security and maneuverability.The object of Static load characteristics (Static Load Characteristics) test is test vibroshock other stiction except damping force, Static load characteristics comprises the stiction between the inner relative motion part of vibroshock, the resistance of air chamber volume change and due to additional friction resistance that (especially front damper) stress deformation produces etc. tilt being installed, it is the dimensioned precision of vibroshock inner body, geometrical precision, the rigidity of structure, the strength of materials, quality of fit, the comprehensive embodiment of the influence factors such as assembly quality, and directly related with wear resistance and the serviceable life of vibroshock.It's the serviceable life that senior general has a strong impact on vibroshock is past quiescent load resistance.The motorcycle output of China is sure to occupy the first in the world already, but mainly take low side and middle and low-end market as main.As the vibroshock of the important auxiliary equipment of motorcycle, owing to lacking means and the test method of quality testing, restricting product and improving quality and class.The output of current domestic motorcycle is subject to big city and limits the compacting rubbing with Development of E-bike, be faced with difficult challenge and the opportunity that makes the transition, following motorcycle will be from the means of transport of riding instead of walk to amusement, leisure and motion transition, and this is by proposing higher requirement in the comfortableness of vibroshock, security and serviceable life.
The automobile industry standard < of People's Republic of China (PRC) < motorcycle and trail bike vibroshock > > (QC/T62-2007) that on September 1st, 2007 implements have substituted former < < motorcycle vibration absorber technical conditions > > (QC/T62-1993) and two standards of < < motorcycle vibration absorber test method > > (QC/T63-1993), QC/T62-2007 standard has increased 6 vibroshock pilot projects newly, comprising stiction and Static load characteristics.In QC/T62-2007 version standard, stiction is defined as " vibroshock mounting condition in accordance with regulations, to be not more than 0.005m/s speed, when relative motion is done at two ends, at the frictional resistance of midstroke generation ".Static load characteristics is defined as " vibroshock stroke in accordance with regulations, to be not more than 0.0015m/s speed, when relative motion is done at two ends, its load and the relation curve of displacement ".No matter stiction test all needs to remove damping spring for front damper and rear shock absorber, vertically installs, and one end drives, and to stipulate the stiction value of an oscillation cycle of test trip record, and is defined as stiction with midstroke friction force.During due to test, with very low speed drive vibroshock one end, can get rid of the damping force being directly proportional to speed.Static load characteristics test is except actuating speed is lower, because front wheel damper and rear wheel shock-absorbing device exist larger difference in physical dimension, load-bearing capacity, spring fitting mode etc., the mounted angle of front damper on motorcycle is significantly greater than rear shock absorber, physical dimension and stroke are longer, front damper load bearing requirements is obviously little than rear shock absorber, and the damping spring of front damper is generally built-in, inconvenience dismounting, and the damping spring of rear shock absorber is generally external, easily dismounting.Although standard (QC/T62-2007) has proposed pilot project and the conventional method of vibroshock Static load characteristics, but in standard, clearly do not provide specific implementation method and the concrete installation requirement of the test of vibroshock Static load characteristics, and these standard voluntary standards, current domestic motorcycle vibration absorber manufacturer not yet implements Static load characteristics pilot project.Therefore be necessary that establishing criteria designs concrete test method and the test unit that meets standard-required, this pilot project implemented as early as possible, to improve quality and the class of China's motorcycle vibration absorber in vibroshock manufacturing enterprise.
The vibroshock testing table that the vibroshock testing table that external famous testing machine manufacturer produces is sold as American MTS company, servo apply hydraulic pressure hydraulic oil cylinder driving, can carry out the test that vibroshock shows the projects such as merit characteristic, stiction characteristic, spring static characteristic, there is certain versatility, but can not carry out Static load characteristics test, especially for the Static load characteristics of front damper, because installation form is different with sensing station, need install special clamping mechanism additional, the more difficult test that realizes vibroshock Static load characteristics.
The vibroshock performance comprehensive testing platform of developing on patent of invention " impact test method for restoration characteristics of motorcycle front suspension " basis (ZL200910031324.0), except carrying out the test of the dynamic restoration characteristics of front damper, also can test front damper Static load characteristics, but owing to adopting pulling drive mode, the dynamic change in vibroshock compression and recuperation of stay cord and front damper mounted angle, produces certain influence to measuring accuracy.
The application will propose a kind of special theory structure that is applicable to the test method of front damper of motorcycle Static load characteristics and provides test unit, to promotion and implementation Static load characteristics, test provides guidance and foundation.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to the testing requirements for vibroshock Static load characteristics, propose a kind of front damper Static load characteristics test unit.
For reaching above-mentioned technical purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A front damper of motorcycle Static load characteristics test unit, comprises upper and lower separation and off-axis is settled mutually upper clamp device and lower drive unit, and wherein said upper clamp device comprises support 14, is connected with adjustable lower platform 13 on described support 14; On described lower platform 13, be provided with successively track base 11 from bottom to top, line slideway 12 and can move left and right the upper slide unit 10 being connected with line slideway 12; The front and back on described upper slide unit 10 left sides are connected with respectively pin bearing one 10a, and the front and back on the right are connected with respectively pin bearing two 10b; Described pin bearing one 10a connects the installing plate 7 of tiltably-mounted by the pin-and-hole pin being provided with; The identical clamp system 6 of two covers of isolation before and after the upper coaxial cable of described installing plate 7 outside installed surface 7a is connected with; Described pin bearing two 10b are provided with adjustable pole 8 pin joints of one section of straight trough 8a by pin joint screw 9 and lower end, the upper end of described adjustable pole 8, by the pin-and-hole and described installing plate 7 pin joints that are provided with, forms " △ " shape supporting structure of adjustable interior angle size; Described lower drive unit comprises tache motorice upward, the driving mechanism 1 of vertically settling and successively with driving mechanism 1
The power sensor 3 that tache motorice is connected and for the application of force key seat 4 of pin joint front damper 5, upward, the displacement transducer 2 of vertically settling is connected in described power sensor 3 Hai Yu mobile terminals, upper surface.
Driving mechanism 1 described above is hydraulic servo oil cylinder or motor-driven speed reducing machinery gear train.
Between lower platform 13 described above and support 14, be also provided with position adjusting mechanism, on wherein said support 14, plane layout has about two the T-slot 14a that connect, the corresponding T-slot 14a of described lower platform 13 equalization is provided with some through holes, the adjusting that realizes lower platform 13 and support 14 positions, left and right by T-nut 15 be fixedly connected with.
Advantage and the beneficial effect of front damper of motorcycle Static load characteristics test unit of the present invention mainly contain:
1, by the mounted angle α of subjects front damper 5, can be adjusted 25-45 ° of scope, in process of the test, α remains unchanged, the reacting force that when if F is driving mechanism 1 vertical uplift (compression travel), 5 pairs of power sensors 3 of front damper apply, it can be decomposed into component F vertically downward
ywith horizontal component Fx; The reacting force that when if F ' vertically declines (recovery stroke) for driving mechanism 1,5 pairs of power sensors 3 of front damper apply, corresponding component is vertically downward F
y', horizontal component is Fx '.F-F ' is quiescent load resistance; Component F along socket 5a vertical direction
ysin α and F
y' Sin α is respectively front damper 5 in compression and restores the suffered side force of stroke.
2, the present invention is according to the automobile industry standard < of People's Republic of China (PRC) < motorcycle and newly-increased motorcycle vibration absorber " Static load characteristics test " pilot project of trail bike vibroshock > > (QC/T62-2007), for front damper of motorcycle length dimension and distance of relative movement, grow and the built-in feature of spring, proposed a kind of Static load characteristics test unit identical with front damper actual installation inclination angle on motorcycle.
3, the present invention has met the vibroshock Static load characteristics testing requirements of correlation standard, have simple in structure, mounted angle is easy to adjust, adopt the vertical application of force in lower end, it is constant that application of force direction and vibroshock mounted angle keep, and nature applies side force to vibroshock, and test method is reasonable, start to obtain practical application, and there is the good prospect of applying.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is test unit structure diagram of the present invention (compression travel);
Accompanying drawing 2 is test unit structure diagram of the present invention (recovery stroke);
Accompanying drawing 3 is test unit structure diagram of the present invention (after setting angle adjustment);
A-A cut-open view that accompanying drawing 4 is Fig. 1;
In figure: 1, driving mechanism, 2, displacement transducer, 3, power sensor, 4, key seat is installed, 5, front damper, 5a, socket, 5b, piston tube, 6, clamp system, 6a, subdivision chuck, 7, installing plate, 7a, installed surface, 8, adjustable pole, 8a, straight trough, 9, pin joint screw, 10, upper slide unit, 10a, pin bearing one, 10b, pin bearing two, 11, track base, 12, line slideway, 13, lower platform, 14, support, 14a, T-slot, 15, T-nut.
Embodiment
The front damper of motorcycle Static load characteristics test unit of inventing of take is below embodiment, and by reference to the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is further described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 with shown in Fig. 2, for the test unit structure diagram of invention, Fig. 1 is compression travel, and Fig. 2 is for restoring stroke, Fig. 3 is that after setting angle is adjusted, it has been expressed front damper 5 is carried out to the test method of Static load characteristics test and the implementation structure principle of test unit.Install at the Static load characteristics test of front damper 5 inclination angle in accordance with regulations, does not need to remove spring, during test due to mounted angle α there is driving mechanism 1 VTOL (vertical take off and landing) time front damper 5 has been applied to side force.
Front damper of motorcycle Static load characteristics test unit of the present invention, comprise upper and lower separation and off-axis is settled mutually upper clamp device and lower drive unit, wherein said upper clamp device comprises support 14, is connected with adjustable lower platform 13 on described support 14; On described lower platform 13, be provided with successively track base 11 from bottom to top, line slideway 12 and can move left and right the upper slide unit 10 being connected with line slideway 12; The front and back on described upper slide unit 10 left sides are connected with respectively pin bearing one 10a, and the front and back on the right are connected with respectively pin bearing two 10b; Described pin bearing one 10a connects the installing plate 7 of tiltably-mounted by the pin-and-hole pin being provided with; The identical clamp system 6 of two covers of isolation before and after the upper coaxial cable of described installing plate 7 outside installed surface 7a is connected with; Described pin bearing two 10b are provided with adjustable pole 8 pin joints of one section of straight trough 8a by pin joint screw 9 and lower end, the upper end of described adjustable pole 8, by the pin-and-hole and described installing plate 7 pin joints that are provided with, forms " △ " shape supporting structure of adjustable interior angle size; Described lower drive unit comprises that tache motorice upward, the driving mechanism 1 of vertically settling and the power sensor 3 being connected with driving mechanism 1 tache motorice successively and for the application of force key seat 4 of pin joint front damper 5, upward, the displacement transducer 2 of vertically settling is connected in described power sensor 3 Hai Yu mobile terminals, upper surface.
Driving mechanism 1 in test unit of the present invention provides the driving of low speed vertical up-or-down movement, and servo apply hydraulic pressure oil cylinder or motor-driven reduction of speed mechanical transmission mechanism are realized, and need meet the requirement of " to be not more than 0.0015m/s speed " of standard regulation.Therefore, driving mechanism 1 must be avoided occurring low speed jerking motion phenomenon, reaches the required low speed motion stability requirement of test.Displacement transducer 2 is connected with the motion parts of driving mechanism 1, synchronously with driving mechanism 1, moves up and down, and process of the test real-time displacement signal is provided.Power sensor 3 lower ends are connected with driving mechanism 1, upper end is connected with application of force key seat 4, application of force key seat 4 is realized front damper 5 transmitting thrusts with the hole pin joint of front damper 5 socket 5a ends, power sensor 3 is experienced the force signal that is subject to of vertical direction in process of the test, and its power value along front damper 5 mounted angle α and the relation curve of displacement are Static load characteristics curve.
The damping spring of front damper 5 is placed in the inside of piston tube 5b, although Static load characteristics is not containing spring counter-force, but spring counter-force does not affect the test of Static load characteristics, consider that the cumbersome and disassembly process of dismounting damping spring easily makes front damper 5 internal hydraulic pressure oil be polluted, therefore while testing, damping spring needn't be removed, but the maximum elastic force of damping spring should be able to be born during the range of the power of selection sensor 3.
Installing plate 7 two ends, two sides are relatively coaxial and be provided with positioning screw hole 7b with installed surface 7a parallel equidistant axis place (A and B), by pin joint screw 9 at axis A place and adjustable pole 8 upper end pin-and-hole pin joints, the pin bearing one 10a pin joint in axis B place and upper slide unit 10 left end both sides.The straight trough 8a of adjustable pole 8 is by pin joint screw 9 and upper slide unit 10 right-hand member pin bearing two 10b pin joints fastening, pin joint screw 9 comprises one section of screw thread and one section of bearing pin, bearing pin section respectively with pin bearing one 10a on pin-and-hole, the pin-and-hole of adjustable pole 8 upper ends and straight trough 8a are sliding to be joined, by adjusting two adjustable poles 8, make AC section to suitable distance fastening pin joint screw 9, can make ∠ ABC reach required angle and make A, B, 3 of C form triangle rock-steady structure, the enough rigidity of foundation structure that can keep institute's clamping test specimen in process of the test, and have simple in structure, adjust feature easily.
Due in Static load characteristics process of the test, the motion of driving mechanism 1 is vertically lifting, and the compression of front damper 5 and the force direction that is subject to that restores the power sensor 3 on direction and driving mechanism 1 exist invariable angle α, be therefore easy to the directed force F of vertical direction that power sensor 5 is experienced
yconvert to along the power F of front damper 5 mounted angle α directions, i.e. F=F
y/ cos α.Equally, the perpendicular displacement of displacement transducer 2 can be transferred to front damper 5 socket 5a and piston tube 5b along the relative displacement of mounted angle α direction, in Fig. 1, the reacting force that when F is driving mechanism 1 vertical uplift (compression travel), 5 pairs of power sensors 3 of front damper apply, it can be decomposed into component F vertically downward
ywith horizontal component Fx; In Fig. 2, the reacting force that when F ' vertically declines (recovery stroke) for driving mechanism 1,5 pairs of power sensors 3 of front damper apply, corresponding component is vertically downward F
y', horizontal component is Fx '.F-F ' is quiescent load resistance.Due to the existence of mounted angle α, in process of the test, along the component F of socket 5a vertical direction
ysin α and F
y' Sin α is respectively front damper 5 in compression and restores the suffered side force of stroke.
In Static load characteristics process of the test, the socket 5a of front damper 5 and piston tube 5b produce relative motion, and the point of application O of driving mechanism 1 is all the time by vertical direction lifting, therefore, between upper slide unit 10 and lower platform 13, be provided with two rectilinear motion pairs, by four track bases 11 that are installed on two line slideways 12 of lower platform 13 and are installed on upper slide unit 10, realize moving horizontally of the upper slide unit 10 that produces due to driving mechanism 1 VTOL (vertical take off and landing), guarantee that front damper 5 is in correct stress in process of the test.When driving mechanism 1 rises (compression travel), upper slide unit 10 is followed and is moved to the left, and when driving mechanism 1 declines (recovery stroke), upper slide unit 10 is followed and moved right.In addition, for meeting the installation of different size front damper 5, adjust needs, between lower platform 13 and testing table support 14, be provided with position adjusting mechanism, the left and right position adjustments that by arranging on support 14 two connect T-slot 14a and T-nut 15 and screw are realized lower platform 13 at some screw holes of lower platform 13 correspondence position settings and in by T-slot 14a is with fixing.
Fig. 5 is this test unit Static load characteristics measured curve figure, in process of the test, Static load characteristics test curve is the corresponding relation curve that power sensor 3 and displacement transducer 2 are surveyed, horizontal ordinate is shift value, and ordinate is power value, and driving mechanism 1 rises and makes front damper 5 by compression, it is compression travel, driving mechanism 1 drops to front damper 5 and stretches recovery, restores stroke, and the relation curve obtaining is compression travel and the closed curve that restores stroke.The force-displacement relationship of compression travel is top curve in figure, and the force-displacement relationship curve that restores stroke is lower curve.Owing to not removing inner damping spring when front damper 5 being carried out to Static load characteristics test, 3 dynamometry values of power sensor have comprised the elastic force that inner damping spring compressive deformation produces, the quiescent load resistance of resulting certain point is this displacement place F-F ' value, the theoretical value of Static load characteristics is the Static load characteristics mean value of whole test trip, it is measured value that actual Static load characteristics generally be take the Static load characteristics mean value of some travel point (as 30% of stroke, 50%, 70% 3 point), specifically presses drawing or technological document regulation.Because Static load characteristics is to record under extremely low speed, containing damping force, the impact of also having pruned spring force after F-F ', so Static load characteristics is comprehensive containing all static force outside damping and spring force not, is called again comprehensive counter-force.For the displacement-load relation curve that makes to record initial by true origin, by test procedure automatically by the starting force value (F of power sensor 3 impression when test starts
0) deduct and must be the closed curve of initial point, because damping spring is pitches, becomes rigidity bullet combination spring, in figure, rise and decline curve shows as non-linear.This test unit is when obtaining front damper 5 Static load characteristics, by calculating discrete displacement point
be worth, can obtain the transfer curve of damping spring.
Claims (9)
1. a front damper of motorcycle Static load characteristics test unit, it is characterized in that: comprise upper and lower separation and off-axis is settled mutually upper clamp device and lower drive unit, wherein said upper clamp device comprises support (14), is connected with adjustable lower platform (13) on described support (14); On described lower platform (13), be provided with successively track base (11) from bottom to top, line slideway (12) and can move left and right the upper slide unit (10) being connected with line slideway (12); The front and back on described upper slide unit (10) left side are connected with respectively pin bearing one (10a), and the front and back on the right are connected with respectively pin bearing two (10b); Described pin bearing one (10a) is by the installing plate (7) of the pin-and-hole pin joint tiltably-mounted that is provided with; The upper coaxial cable of described installing plate (7) outside installed surface (7a) is connected with the identical clamp system (6) of two covers of separate front and back; Described pin bearing two (10b) is provided with adjustable pole (8) pin joint of one section of straight trough (8a) by pin joint screw (9) and lower end, the upper end of described adjustable pole (8), by the pin-and-hole and described installing plate (7) pin joint that are provided with, forms " △ " shape supporting structure of adjustable interior angle size; Described lower drive unit comprises that tache motorice upward, the driving mechanism (1) of vertically settling and the power sensor (3) being connected with driving mechanism (1) tache motorice successively and for the application of force key seat (4) of pin joint front damper (5), upward, the displacement transducer (2) of vertically settling is connected Hai Yu mobile terminal, described power sensor (3) upper surface.
2. front damper of motorcycle Static load characteristics test unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described clamp system (6) is for establishing round-meshed rectangular block shape body, cross center of circular hole and axially dissect into upper and lower two parts, the semicircle orifice that dissects upper back and bottom is slightly less than semicircle, and top is provided with screw with bottom and is connected.
3. front damper of motorcycle Static load characteristics test unit according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: in the circular hole of described clamp system (6), be also provided with subdivision chuck (6a).
4. front damper of motorcycle Static load characteristics test unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described clamp system (6) is connected with installing plate (7), is to be provided with for adjusting and changing clamp system (6) in some groups of through holes or the segmentation straight trough hole of the upper installation site of installing plate (7) at installing plate (7) installed surface (7a).
5. front damper of motorcycle Static load characteristics test unit according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described some groups of through holes or segmentation straight trough hole are horizontal 2 Kong Weiyi groups side by side, and longitudinal arrangement is some groups.
6. front damper of motorcycle Static load characteristics test unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described driving mechanism (1) is hydraulic servo oil cylinder or motor-driven speed reducing machinery gear train.
7. front damper of motorcycle Static load characteristics test unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described pin joint screw (9) comprises one section of screw thread and one section of bearing pin, bearing pin section respectively with pin bearing two (10b) on pin-and-hole, adjustable pole (8) lower end pin-and-hole and straight trough (8a) is sliding joins, by adjusting two adjustable poles (8) to suitable position fastening pin joint screw (9), can make " △ " shape support reach required angle.
8. front damper of motorcycle Static load characteristics test unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described line slideway (12) is to extend along left and right, 2 guide rails that front and back are parallel.
9. front damper of motorcycle Static load characteristics test unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: between described lower platform (13) and support (14), be also provided with position adjusting mechanism, the upper plane layout of wherein said support (14) has about two T-slots (14a) that connect, the corresponding T-slot of described lower platform (13) (14a) equalization is provided with some through holes, the adjusting that realizes lower platform (13) and support (14) position, left and right by T-nut (15) be fixedly connected with.
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| CN103698135B (en) | 2016-05-18 |
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