CN103697774A

CN103697774A - Method for improving liquefied blasting toe-shooting process in stress wave overlapping region

Info

Publication number: CN103697774A
Application number: CN201310733504.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑炳旭; 王峰; 刘永强; 陶俊; 郭维浩; 齐普衍
Original assignee: Beijing Zkl Bt & E Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Zkl Bt & E Co Ltd
Priority date: 2013-12-26
Filing date: 2013-12-26
Publication date: 2014-04-02
Anticipated expiration: 2033-12-26
Also published as: CN103697774B

Abstract

The invention provides a blasting toe-shooting process method. On the basis of the blasting stress wave interference technology, short-delay time of explosive cartridges is controlled accurately, the main-shocks of the blasting stress waves are overlapped, action time of explosive energy is prolonged within an explosive energy action area, silt in a designed area is liquefied sufficiently, stone riprap slides to the area sufficiently directionally, and accurate replacement is achieved. By the method, between the adjacent explosive cartridges, the wave generated by explosion of the latter explosive cartridge follows up the wave generated by the previous explosive cartridge, the stress wave propagates continuously, the action time of the explosive energy is prolonged within the explosive energy action area, and the usage of explosive can be reduced, so that the purpose of energy conservation and emission reduction can be achieved, pollution and damage to environment are reduced, while blasting action effect is improved, and construction quality is guaranteed.

Description

A kind of crowded method of becoming silted up and processing of liquefaction explosion of strengthening in stress wave superimposition region

technical field:

The invention belongs to explosion field, the Blasting in deep water that especially relates to sludge treatment difficulty and geological environment complexity squeezes silt engineering construction.The invention is intended to that existing short-delay blasting is squeezed to deposit technique and improve, when reducing seismic wave, by the superposition of proof stress ripple, improve the effect of the crowded silt of explosion.

Background technology

In millisecond delay blasting, owing to having a short time interval between adjacent shot hole (or two artillery salvo holes, two groups of big gun holes), the seismic wave that the certain area while making cartridge bag explosion in mud produces superposes mutually.While is weakened blasting vibration effect seimic wave propagation compared with territory, far field, reduces the secondary harm of explosion.

Millisecond delay blasting is to utilize millisecond time-delay detonator, the blasting technique of sequentially detonating with the different time of Millisecond at each cartridge bag of hole chien shih, in engineering explosion, often, by adopting porous (or coyote hole), segmentation delay blasting technology to improve explosion energy utilization rate, improve blasting quality, reduce earthquake sheet, reduce the destruction to side slope and nearby buildings.About millisecond delay blasting, can reduce vibration effect of explosion and the action principle of improving explosion and crushing effect, roughly can be summarized as following two kinds of viewpoints:

(1) stress wave superimposition effect

In millisecond detonating, the more first igniting primer of rear igniting primer postpones ten to tens of milliseconds and detonates, like this igniting primer be under stress at adjacent first igniting primer, shock effect in prestressed state (being that stress wave not yet disappears) detonate, the stress wave of two groups of deep hole blasting generations superposes mutually, be conducive to impact energy and utilize residual stress, the liquefaction of strengthening to mud, can strengthen blast action effect.

(2) interference effect of seismic wave

Seismic wave is a kind of stress wave that percussive pressure is cut effect that has, and propagates while running into medium character abrupt interface reflecting, refraction and transmission phenomenon, at crack tip place, also will occur diffraction phenomena, and obviously change occurs amplitude.Because short-delay blasting has reduced the dose of Dan Xiang significantly, be about to original neat quick-fried dose simultaneously and be dispersed in time, therefore, explosion earthquake energy is also disperseed in time with on space, and earthquake intensity is reduced greatly; In millisecond delay blasting, if elementary errors selection of time is suitable, owing to having a short time interval between adjacent shot hole (or two artillery salvo holes, two groups of big gun holes), the seismic wave phase mutual interference producing while making cartridge bag explosion, thereby weaken blasting vibration effect, generally can reduce earthquake intensity 1/3rd to 2/3rds.

In actual explosion, above action principle works simultaneously, compares with instantaneous blast, and short-delay blasting can be regarded cambered surface ripple as, and instantaneous blast is plane wave, and short-delay blasting seismic energy is also dispersed that simultaneously stress wave is superimposed in time with on space.Certainly its prerequisite is rational millisecond time-delay interval time, as shown in Figure 1.

Because the interference of other attenuation of seismic waves of short-delay blasting adjacent segment is very complicated, so, if the elementary errors time is too short, other attenuation of seismic waves of adjacent segment will produce stack on time shaft, the phase relation superposeing due to waveform has randomness, both may produce reverse stack, also may produce with superimposed, both may weaken earthquake sheet, and also may make earthquake sheet strengthen.So simple segmentation relay explosion, squeezes for explosion the action effect becoming silted up and have defect, only can guarantee the reduction of explosive quantity in a sound, uncontrollable for the actual conditions of concussion of blasting and shock wave acting.As can be seen here, reasonably the elementary errors time should be able to make the energy of seismic wave just mutually stagger on time and space, thereby reduces explosion earthquake intensity, just can obtain obvious shock dropping effect.But the raising that will guarantee blasting quality will be passed through the accurate control to the cartridge bag elementary errors time simultaneously, make the principal part stack of burst stress ripple, thereby it is unaffected to make to reduce in the situation of dose and sectional separate explosion demolition effect.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is in order to overcome deficiency of the prior art; provide a kind of new improved explosion to squeeze silt to treat soft foundation method; adopt burst stress wave interference technology; on the basis of short-delay blasting; make the interval of the rear stress wave producing of adjacent cartridge bag blast differ one-period; thereby make the crest of stress wave of rear cartridge bag generation and crest and the trough of the stress wave of trough and the generation of previous cartridge bag superimposed; strengthen the action effect of stress wave to mud; while making detonation stresses wavelength-division, arrive the presumptive area that design needs protection simultaneously, reduce seismic wave and destroy.The method is conducive to middle far field has the environment of protected construction of structures when silt construction is squeezed in row explosion, in protection construction of structures, does not affect explosion and squeezes the effect of becoming silted up, the construction quality of assurance dykes and dams.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the ripple producing in the last blasting charge after the ripple of realizing rear detonation of a cartridge generation between adjacent cartridge bag is tight, make stress wave continue to propagate, in the explosive energy zone of action, increased the action time of explosive energy, mud in design section is fully liquefied, stone riprap is abundant to this region directional-sliding, and displacement accurately.This law can reduce explosive use amount, and energy-saving and emission-reduction reduce environmental pollution and harm, improve the action effect of explosion simultaneously, guarantees construction quality.

In different distance, the stack situation of other seismic wave of adjacent segment is different: in Near Blasting, and overlapping due to all kinds of ripples, other Duration time of seismic wave of each section is shorter, and the possibility of stack is less; Along with the increase of distance, various attenuation of seismic waves initial times are separated gradually, and seismic wave is expanded on time shaft, and the wave head of other seismic wave of adjacent segment and wave rear will produce stack, even principal part stack.So, determine that the short-delay blasting proportional spacing time should consider distance factor: when protected object is positioned at Near Blasting, can adopt short short-delay blasting; During middle district, suitable proper extension of elementary errors time; The seismic wave stack in far field is serious, but decay is also serious.

accompanying drawing explanation:

Fig. 1 is the difference schematic diagram of instantaneous blast and short-delay blasting;

Fig. 2 is cloth medicine and elementary errors networking schematic diagram in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is that synergistic effect produces schematic diagram;

Fig. 4 is the comparison schematic diagram of prediction waveform and actual measurement vibrational waveform;

Fig. 5 (a) (b) (c) is measurement of blasting vibration three polar plots that do not use explosion overlap-add procedure;

Fig. 6 (a) (b) (c) is measurement of blasting vibration three polar plots of use explosion overlap-add procedure.

the specific embodiment:

Following content elaborates to the specific embodiment of the present invention in conjunction with Figure of description:

Referring to Fig. 2, the explosion of take is squeezed silt Millisecond Controlled Blasting as basis, at dike head, cartridge bag is uniformly distributed and wraps dike head and both sides wing, in each cartridge bag, place digital electric detonator, wherein adjacent cartridge bag is one group between two, in every group, two cartridge bags are accurately controlled short-delay blasting by digital electric detonator, in every group in the center line of two cartridge bags and periphery thereof closely on pending sludge region boundary line, realize the slow one-period of ripple of the last blasting charge generation of Bob of rear detonation of a cartridge generation, increased the action time of explosive energy, making design is that mud in presumptive area is fully liquefied, stone riprap is abundant to this region directional-sliding, accurately.Two adjacent groups cartridge bag also can be controlled through row elementary errors by digital electric detonator, makes its explosion interval differ one-period.Determining of concrete defer time, by the measured data of last explosion, by calculating, and progressively optimizes.

Under the conditions such as identical explosive payload, landform, geology, accurately the digital electronic detonator blasting of millisecond detonating vibrations peak velocity is little, discreteness is little, the elementary errors time of detonating by reasonable setting, the sub-wave phase time shift that each big gun hole produces, peak valley stack, in conjunction with elementary errors delaying blasting technology, use electronic digital detonator that elementary errors defer time is accurate to 1ms, can make stress wave timesharing arrive the region that need to process mud.At adjacent cartridge bag center line, on pending sludge region boundary line, realize the slow one-period of ripple of the last blasting charge generation of Bob of rear detonation of a cartridge generation, increased the action time of explosive energy, mud in design section is fully liquefied, this region directional-sliding of Shi Tixiang.

The generation of synergistic effect

The waveform of supposing short-delay blasting can be obtained by single hole or the stack of single deck blast waveform, and the shocking waveshape of short-delay blasting can be expressed as formula (1).

M=M _S （1）

In formula, M _ssingle hole or single deck blast waveform for ground point; N is the hop count of many rows short-delay blasting; a _ibe i section concussion of blasting proportionality coefficient, be generally 1. t _ibe idetonating constantly of section; It is the impulse function of i section.The shocking waveshape of short-delay blasting as shown in Figure 3.

Wherein (D) is (A), (B) and (C) results of 3 sections of explosion stacks, and burst time and the duration of 3 sections are respectively t _iand T _i, wherein i=1,2,3, as Δ t _i<T _itime, short-delay blasting produces stack.

At adjacent cartridge bag center line, on pending sludge region boundary line, realize the slow one-period of ripple of the last blasting charge generation of Bob of rear detonation of a cartridge generation, increased the action time of explosive energy, accurately the digital electronic detonator blasting of millisecond detonating vibrations peak velocity is little simultaneously, discreteness is little, by setting, differ the elementary errors time that one-period detonates, sub-wave phase time shift, peak-to-peak stack that each big gun hole is produced, can make stress wave timesharing arrive region the superposition that need to process mud, strengthen demolition effect.By formula (1), can predict concussion of blasting intensity, as shown in figure (4).

engineering measurement contrast is referring to table 1 and table 2.

The vibration amplitude recording according to two separate explosions and the contrast of frequency are visible, and its vibration amplitude of table 1 recorded data is bigger than normal, and the vibrations that wavelength ratio table 2 records are bigger than normal, mud are shaken to acting repeatedly relatively less.And the explosion that table 2 records is carried out elementary errors control by cartridge bag is detonated, reach the effect of stack amplitude, amplitude is reduced, in damping, vibration frequency increases, and to mud, acting does not weaken.

table 1

Detect unit: detection site:

Writing time 2012-5-4 1:5:53	Operator:	Big gun: 1
			Record length 10.0000 s	Instrument numbering:	Distance: 300m
Recording rate 8000, sps	Testing equipment:	Dose: 900Kg

Channel number tunnel name maximum dominant frequency is unit range sensitivity constantly

1 passage X-0.729cm/s 16.746HZ 0.59800s m/s 37.341cm/s 26.780

2 passage Y-0.463cm/s 16.496HZ 0.59450s m/s 35.474cm/s 28.190

3 passage Z 0.396cm/s 10.100HZ 0.45250s m/s 35.361cm/s 28.280

table 2

Detect unit: detection site:

Writing time 2012-5-4 1:10:51	Operator:	Big gun: 2
			Record length 10.0000 s	Instrument numbering:	Distance: 300m
Recording rate 8000, sps	Testing equipment:	Dose: 900Kg

1 passage X-0.261cm/s 12.809HZ 1.66775s m/s 36.443cm/s 27.440

2 passage Y 0.248cm/s 16.746HZ 1.66225s m/s 35.448cm/s 28.210

3 passage Z 0.227cm/s 10.726HZ 1.72275s m/s 34.294cm/s 29.160.

Claims

1. in stress wave superimposition region, strengthen the method that the processing of becoming silted up is squeezed in liquefaction explosion for one kind, it is characterized in that, described method adopts burst stress wave interference technology, by the accurate control to the cartridge bag elementary errors time, make the principal part stack of burst stress ripple, in the explosive energy zone of action, increased the action time of explosive energy, mud in design section is fully liquefied, and stone riprap is abundant to this region directional-sliding, and displacement accurately.

2. method according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; described burst stress wave interference technology is on the basis of short-delay blasting; make the interval of the rear stress wave producing of adjacent cartridge bag blast differ one-period; thereby make the crest of stress wave of rear cartridge bag generation and crest and the trough of the stress wave of trough and the generation of previous cartridge bag superimposed; strengthen the action effect of stress wave to mud; while making detonation stresses wavelength-division, arrive the presumptive area that design needs protection simultaneously, reduce seismic wave and destroy.

3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described method adopts following steps to implement:

1) take the crowded silt Millisecond Controlled Blasting of explosion as basis, at dike head, cartridge bag is uniformly distributed and wraps dike head and both sides wing;

2) in each cartridge bag, place digital electric detonator, wherein adjacent cartridge bag is one group between two, and two cartridge bags are accurately controlled short-delay blasting by digital electric detonator in every group;

3), on adjacent cartridge bag center line and pending sludge region boundary line, realize the slow one-period of ripple of the last blasting charge generation of Bob of rear detonation of a cartridge generation.

4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described electronic digital detonator is accurate to 1ms by elementary errors defer time.