CN103696788B - The construction method in empty lane support apparatus and fully-mechanized mining working Guo Kong lane - Google Patents
The construction method in empty lane support apparatus and fully-mechanized mining working Guo Kong lane Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000033999 Device damage Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002153 concerted effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of empty lane support apparatus, comprise wire lath, steel band, protective screening, supporting anchorage cable, hanging supporting anchorage cable, anchor pole and hydraulic support, described steel band is arranged on the top board in sky lane by many described hanging supporting anchorage cables, and between the described hanging supporting anchorage cable and described top board at described steel band two ends, there is an angle α, described wire lath is fixed on the below of described top board by described hanging supporting anchorage cable and described supporting anchorage cable, described steel band is positioned at the below of described wire lath, the center line described top board being positioned at described empty lane is provided with many supporting anchorage cables, described hydraulic chock is positioned at described empty lane, the back timber of described hydraulic chock is supported on described top board, described protective screening is helped by the lane of described rockbolt installation in described empty lane.The invention also discloses a kind of construction method of fully-mechanized mining working Guo Kong lane.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to support technology field, coal mining process hollow lane, particularly relate to the construction method in a kind of empty lane support apparatus and fully-mechanized mining working Guo Kong lane.
Background technology
Empty lane is small coal mine random mining or changes the tunnel stayed in back production region due to fully-mechanized mining working design scheme.Fully-mechanized mining working is in exploitation process, and due to by exploitation and the impact of advanced pressure, the top board in empty lane easily sinks, and when fully-mechanized mining working and empty lane are through, the roof fall of easy occurrence of large-area, the support that crushes affects keeps the safety in production.If do not exploit the coal seam in region, empty lane, the wasting of resources can be caused again.Fully-mechanized mining working Guo Kong lane method traditional both at home and abroad has: jump and adopt and walk around sky lane, and open-off cut is assigned a work face again; Empty lane coal cinder or lotion are filled, coal-winning machine cutting obturation Guo Kong lane.The method in above traditional Guo Kong lane can not get ensureing due to deficiency in economic performance or safety, all can not ensure that fully-mechanized mining working is quickly through the empty lane of big cross section.Fully-mechanized mining working Guo Kong lane is the technical barrier that coal mining is not resolved always, and does not also have to provide reinforce support equipment to help fully-mechanized mining working Guo Kong lane for empty lane specially.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the present invention is to overcome defect of the prior art, provides one can provide strong supporting to empty lane, ensures that fully-mechanized mining working can pass through the construction method in Kong Xiangkong lane support apparatus and fully-mechanized mining working Guo Kong lane smoothly.
Technical scheme of the present invention provides a kind of empty lane support apparatus, comprise wire lath, steel band, protective screening, supporting anchorage cable, hanging supporting anchorage cable, anchor pole and hydraulic chock, described steel band is arranged on the top board in sky lane by many described hanging supporting anchorage cables, and between the described hanging supporting anchorage cable and described top board at described steel band two ends, there is an angle α, described wire lath is fixed on the below of described top board by described hanging supporting anchorage cable and described supporting anchorage cable, described steel band is positioned at the below of described wire lath, the center line described top board being positioned at described empty lane is provided with many supporting anchorage cables, described hydraulic chock is positioned at described empty lane, the back timber of described hydraulic chock is supported on described top board, described protective screening is helped by the lane of described rockbolt installation in described empty lane.
Further, in described empty lane, also there is hydraulic support, supporting in the below of described top board of described hydraulic support.
Further, described angle α is 75 °.
Further, described steel band is W-shaped steel band or I-shaped steel band.
Further, described protective screening is plastic wire, and described anchor pole is glass anchor pole, and described plastic wire is fixed on described lane by many described glass anchor poles and helps.
Further, described hydraulic support is installed on the pressure sensor of the pressure for monitoring described top board.
Technical solution of the present invention also provides a kind of construction method of fully-mechanized mining working Guo Kong lane, it comprises the steps: step 1: carry out reinforce support to empty lane, be specially, wire lath installed by the top board in described empty lane, in the below of described wire lath, steel band is installed, and the center line being positioned at described empty lane on described top board is provided with many supporting anchorage cables, by hanging supporting anchorage cable and described supporting anchorage cable, described wire lath is arranged on the below of described top board, by described hanging supporting anchorage cable, described steel band is arranged on the below of described wire lath, and make between the described hanging supporting anchorage cable and described top board at described steel band two ends in an angle α, hydraulic chock is arranged in described empty lane, and make the back timber of described hydraulic chock support on described top board, installation protective screening is helped in the lane of the both sides in described empty lane, by anchor pole, described protective screening supporting is helped in described lane, step 2: when fully-mechanized mining working is apart from described empty lane 200m, the ore deposit starting to observe the pressure sensor on the hydraulic support on described fully-mechanized mining working show pressure data, and the deflection of step pitch, intensity and described top board that analytical cycle is pressed, when described fully-mechanized mining working runs into periodic weighting in progradation, then avoid described periodic weighting by reducing fully-mechanized mining working described in the mining height of described fully-mechanized mining working, the fltting speed adjusting described fully-mechanized mining working or oblique adjusting, step 3: when described in described fully-mechanized mining working advance distance during empty lane 5m, if do not run into described periodic weighting, then advanced described empty lane fast, if run into described periodic weighting, then described fully-mechanized mining working stops advancing, and carries out allowing pressure, after allowing pressure terminate, then advanced described empty lane fast.
Further, when described fully-mechanized mining working advances fast, by described fully-mechanized mining working oblique adjusting.
Further, in the process that described working face advances towards described empty lane, as periodic weighting as described in running into, when the deflection of described top board is large, the coal-winning machine on described fully-mechanized mining working successively cuts end operation.
Adopt technique scheme, there is following beneficial effect:
By arranging sky lane support apparatus in empty lane, improve supporting intensity, reducing the fall of ground accident caused because empty lane supporting intensity is low.Fully-mechanized mining working can improve resource recovery in Guo Kong lane.During fully-mechanized mining working Guo Kong lane by pressure regulation, allow pressure method can guarantee fully-mechanized mining working Guo Kong lane during avoid roof periodic to press, reduce the generation that roof fall accident occurs, and the labour intensity reduced during Guo Kong lane and support cost, shorten the Guo Kong lane time, improve safety guarantee coefficient.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The schematic diagram of Tu1Wei Kong lane and fully-mechanized mining working;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that empty lane provided by the invention support apparatus is arranged in sky lane;
Fig. 3 is the top view of Fig. 2;
The schematic diagram being provided with catch net is helped in the lane in Tu4Wei Kong lane.
The Reference numeral table of comparisons:
1-fully-mechanized mining working; 101-goaf; 102-air return way;
103-haulage gate; The main return channel of 104-; The auxiliary return channel of 105-;
106-main haulage; The auxiliary main haulage roadway of 107-; The large lane of 108-return air;
The empty lane of 2-; 21-top board; 22-lane is helped;
3-wire lath; 4-steel band; 5-supporting anchorage cable;
6-hangs supporting anchorage cable; 7-hydraulic support; 71-back timber;
72-pressure sensor; 8-hydraulic chock; 81-back timber;
9-protective screening; 10-anchor pole.
Detailed description of the invention
The specific embodiment of the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Empty lane is the tunnel that in coal mining process, actual mining Middle face stays.Fully-mechanized mining working is the stope of underground coal mine equipment comprehensive mechanization equipment, and coal excavation apparatus is coal-winning machine, and work plane haulage device is flexible flightconveyor, and face roof supporting adopts hydraulic support, crossheading equipment ribbon conveyer.
As shown in Figure 1, fully-mechanized mining working 1 is advanced into sky lane 2 place along the direction of arrow, with the seam mining by region, empty lane 2, cuts coal to greatest extent, avoids the wasting of resources.On the left of arrow or fully-mechanized mining working 1 push through after place be goaf 101, coal cutting roadway is also furnished with air return way 102, haulage gate 103, main return channel 104, auxiliary return channel 105, main haulage 106, auxiliary main haulage roadway 107, the large lane 108 of return air, mines to coordinate or transport or withdraw.
As in Figure 2-4, empty lane provided by the invention support apparatus, comprise wire lath 3, steel band 4, protective screening 9, supporting anchorage cable 5, hanging supporting anchorage cable 6, anchor pole 10 and hydraulic chock 8, steel band 4 is arranged on the top board 21 in sky lane 2 by many hanging supporting anchorage cables 6, and between the hanging supporting anchorage cable 6 and top board 21 at steel band 4 two ends, there is an angle α, wire lath 3 is fixed on the below of top board 21 by hanging supporting anchorage cable 6 and supporting anchorage cable 5, steel band 4 is positioned at the below of wire lath 3, center line top board 21 being positioned at sky lane 2 is provided with many supporting anchorage cables 5, hydraulic chock 8 is positioned at sky lane 2, the back timber 81 of hydraulic chock 8 is supported on top board 21, protective screening 9 is arranged in the lane side 22 in sky lane 2 by anchor pole 10.
That is, this sky lane support apparatus encases top board 21 by arranging wire lath 3 in the below of top board 21, when avoiding top board roof fall, brings foreign material in sky lane 2 into.Arrange steel band 4 in the below of wire lath 3, wire lath 3 supports by steel band 4, and improves the intensity of top board 21.Steel band 4 is arranged on top board 21 by many hanging supporting anchorage cables 6, and be positioned at the below of wire lath 3, and between two of steel band 4 two ends hanging supporting anchorage cables 6 and top board 21, there is an angle α, be beneficial to and top board 21 and steel band 4 are tangled, improve bonding strength between the two, enhance the stability of top board 21.
The center line in empty lane 2 is made a call to row's supporting anchorage cable 5, and supporting anchorage cable 5 is connected on top board 21, for improving the supporting intensity to top board 21.
By supporting anchorage cable 5 and hanging supporting anchorage cable 6, wire lath 3 is arranged on the below of top board 21.This supporting anchorage cable 5 and hanging supporting anchorage cable 6 can be anchor cable of the same race.
Catch net 9 is installed by anchor pole 10 by lane side 22, prevents wall caving.
In empty lane 2, install hydraulic chock 8, its back timber 81 is supported on top board 21, improves the supporting intensity of top board 21 further.
Reinforce support is carried out in fully-mechanized mining working 1 such as lane, Yao Guokong lane 2, Xu Duikong 2, guarantee top board 21 not roof fall, subsides.Top board 21 is taked " tunneling boring wire lath 3+ steel band 4+ anchor pole 10+ anchor cable (supporting anchorage cable 5 and hanging supporting anchorage cable 6) " combined supporting.Four hanging supporting anchorage cables 6 hang a W steel band of model 4.Be positioned at the hanging supporting anchorage cable 6 of steel band 4 termination apart from lane side 22 about 400mm, and with top board 21 in 75 ° of angles.The spacing 1400mm of hanging supporting anchorage cable 6.The array pitch of two row's steel bands 4 is 875mm.The center line in Ling Kong lane 2 or tunnel makes a call to row's supporting anchorage cable 5, and its spacing is about 2000mm.
For preventing the ironwares such as the pallet on anchor cable from entering main delivery system, below steel band 4, spread one deck plastic protection net, plastic protection net galvanized wire is bundled on the wire lath 3 of top layer.In order to prevent wall caving, empty lane 2 and Lian Xiangliang lane side 22 hanging protective screening 9, is fixed by anchor pole 10.
By arranging sky lane support apparatus in empty lane 2, improve supporting intensity, reducing the fall of ground accident caused because empty lane supporting intensity is low, and fully-mechanized mining working 1 Guo Kong lane 2 can be made, especially can the wide empty lane more than 5m.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 1, also have hydraulic support 7 in empty lane 2, the back timber 71 of hydraulic support 7 is supported in the below of top board 21, to improve the supporting to top board 21 further.Hydraulic support 7 is the equipment on fully-mechanized mining working 1, and when fully-mechanized mining working 1 enters in sky lane 2, hydraulic support 7 enters sky lane 2, and is supported at top board 21 by hydraulic support top beam 71.
Steel band 4 can be W-shaped steel band or I-shaped steel band, and to improve lifting surface area, not frangibility, has increased strong support strength.
Protective screening 9 can be plastic wire, and anchor pole 10 can be glass anchor pole, and plastic wire is fixed in lane side 22 by many glass anchor poles, often arranges three, and square type is arranged, prevents wall caving.
As shown in Figure 1, hydraulic support 7 is installed on the pressure sensor 72 of the pressure for monitoring top board 21.Cycle pressure refers to the pressure in the explosion Shi Duikong lane, outside 2 in recovery process Zhong Kong lane 2 or the top board 21 in tunnel, and this pressure has some cycles regularity, is referred to as cycle pressure.Pressure fully-mechanized mining working 1 covering top board 21 can be monitored by arranging pressure sensor 72, by this pressure sensor 72, can observation cycle pressure, to determine whether advance fully-mechanized mining working 1, improve construction safety.
The theoretical supporting intensity of this sky lane support apparatus is: P=(4 ~ 8) M × r
In formula: M-mining height, is about 4m; R-immediate roof rock stratum unit weight, at 2.19 ~ 2.42T/m
3between, average 2.31T/m
3.
The empty top area in the supporting intensity/empty lane in the empty lane of the actual supporting intensity of top board 21: P=;
In the supporting intensity=empty lane in empty lane the anchoring of the anchor cable sum × anchor cable of supporting make a concerted effort+hydraulic chock number × every platform stamps working resistance+hydraulic support number × every platform hydraulic support stand power of cribbing; The width in the length × empty lane in the empty top area=empty lane in empty lane.The actual supporting intensity of top board 21 will reach more than 70% of theoretical supporting intensity.
Present invention also offers a kind of construction method of fully-mechanized mining working Guo Kong lane, shown in composition graphs 1-4, it comprises the steps:
Step 1: reinforce support is carried out to empty lane 2, be specially, wire lath 3 installed by the top board 21 in empty lane 2, in the below of wire lath 3, steel band 4 is installed, and the center line being positioned at sky lane 2 on top board 21 is provided with many supporting anchorage cables 5, by hanging supporting anchorage cable 6 and supporting anchorage cable 5, wire lath 3 is arranged on the below of top board 21, by hanging supporting anchorage cable 6, steel band 4 is arranged on the below of wire lath 3, and make between the hanging supporting anchorage cable 6 and top board at steel band 4 two ends in an angle α, hydraulic chock 8 is arranged in empty lane 2, and make the back timber 81 of hydraulic chock 8 support on top board 21, protective screening 9 is installed by the lane side 22 of the both sides in empty lane 2, by anchor pole 10, protective screening 9 supporting is helped on 22 in lane.
When fully-mechanized mining working 1 enters 2 place, sky lane, the hydraulic support 7 on fully-mechanized mining working 1 enters in sky lane 2, and its hydraulic support top beam 71 is supported on top board 21, improves supporting intensity.
Step 2: when fully-mechanized mining working 1 is apart from described empty lane about 200m, the ore deposit pressure data that the pressure sensor 72 starting the hydraulic support 7 observed on fully-mechanized mining working 1 shows, and the deflection of step pitch, intensity and described top board that analytical cycle is pressed.
When fully-mechanized mining working 1 runs into periodic weighting in progradation, then avoid periodic weighting by reducing the mining height of fully-mechanized mining working 1, the fltting speed of adjustment fully-mechanized mining working 1 or oblique adjusting fully-mechanized mining working 1.Oblique adjusting is: allow the advanced or delayed tail certain distance of the head of fully-mechanized mining working 1, allows fully-mechanized mining working 1 progressively disclose empty lane 2, avoids periodic weighting.
Step 3: as empty lane about the 5m of fully-mechanized mining working 1 advance distance, if do not run into periodic weighting, then advance Guo Kong lane 2 fast; If run into periodic weighting, then fully-mechanized mining working 1 stops advancing, and carries out allowing pressure; After allowing pressure terminate, then advance Guo Kong lane 2 fast.
When fully-mechanized mining working 1 is apart from empty lane about 5m, if there is no periodic weighting, can advance fast to empty lane 2 fast.If fully-mechanized mining working 1 progressively starts to press, if when pressure is inviolent, fully-mechanized mining working 1 also can push ahead about 1m, the two lanes sides 22 when fully-mechanized mining working 1 and empty lane 2 start to occur fried side, put coal report when ringing violent, fully-mechanized mining working 1 starts to stop producing to advance, and allows the pressure filling of fully-mechanized mining working 1 above top board 21 divide to carry out release allow pressure.After 6-10 hour, until the two lanes sides 22 in fully-mechanized mining working 1 and empty lane 2 fried side, put coal report ring relax time, fully-mechanized mining working 1 allows pressure terminate, and pushes ahead Guo Kong lane 2 fast.
Also comprise in step 2: when fully-mechanized mining working 1 is apart from empty lane 100m, according to the periodic weighting influence basin during the periodic weighting step pitch size prediction fully-mechanized mining working 1 Guo Kong lane 2 of having grasped, fully-mechanized mining working 1 often advances 10m to predict once.When fully-mechanized mining working 1 is apart from empty lane 15-20m, fully-mechanized mining working 1 and whole main conveying system will carry out once comprehensive and systematic maintenance, for adequate preparation is carried out in fully-mechanized mining working 1 Guo Kong lane 2, prevent, to because device damage affects fltting speed during Guo Kong lane 2, causing top board 21 to sink or the generation of roof fall accident.
Preferably, when fully-mechanized mining working 1 advances fast, by fully-mechanized mining working 1 oblique adjusting.Oblique adjusting is allow the advanced or delayed tail certain distance of the head of fully-mechanized mining working 1, allows fully-mechanized mining working 1 progressively disclose empty lane 2.When fully-mechanized mining working 1 advances fast to empty lane 2, can by fully-mechanized mining working 1 oblique adjusting, according to pressure condition and variation tendency on the top board 21 in fully-mechanized mining working 1 or empty lane 2, take to add continuously cutter or continuously flail knife advance head section or the tail section of fully-mechanized mining working 1, allow fully-mechanized mining working 1 progressively disclose empty lane 2, empty top is excessive causes Lou cash roof fall accident to prevent sky lane 2 from all disclosing once.
Preferably, in the process that fully-mechanized mining working 1 advances to empty lane 2, as run into periodic weighting, when the deflection of top board 21 is large, the coal-winning machine on fully-mechanized mining working 2 successively cuts end operation.Fully-mechanized mining working 1 is in the progradation of empty lane 2, the top board 21 in empty lane 2 can sink, the effective travel of the column of hydraulic support 7 will reduce gradually, now, coal-winning machine on fully-mechanized mining working 1 will continuously carry out cutting end operation, space and the stroke of hydraulic support 7 is increased, to ensure that hydraulic support 7 can not be killed by the top board 21 sunk with this.Cutting the end is operating as the base plate that coal-winning machine cuts the below of hydraulic support 7 continuously, to increase space residing for hydraulic support 7 and stroke.When the deflection of top board 21 is large, refer to top board 21 sink the effective travel of column of compression hydraulic support 7 time.
After fully-mechanized mining working 1 is by the empty lane 2 of Article 1, overlying rock is through being once caving fully, original periodic weighting rule can change, again carry out statistical analysis to top board 21 periodic weighting step pitch, intensity and scope, prediction fully-mechanized mining working 1 crosses the periodic weighting situation during the empty lane 2 of Article 2.When fully-mechanized mining working 1 is smoothly by the empty lane 2 of Article 1, adjusts its work plane immediately, fully-mechanized mining equipment and main conveying system are carried out to the maintenance of system, for sufficient preparation is carried out in the empty lane of Article 2.Repeat above-mentioned steps, make fully-mechanized mining working by the empty lane of Article 2.
The construction method in this fully-mechanized mining working Guo Kong lane, can carry out coal mining in Guo Kong lane, improve resource recovery.During fully-mechanized mining working Guo Kong lane by pressure regulation, allow pressure method can guarantee fully-mechanized mining working Guo Kong lane during avoid roof periodic to press, reduce the generation that roof fall accident occurs, and the labour intensity reduced during Guo Kong lane and support cost, shorten the Guo Kong lane time, improve safety guarantee coefficient.
As required, above-mentioned each technical scheme can be combined, to reach best-of-breed technology effect.
Above-described is only principle of the present invention and preferred embodiment.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, on the basis of the principle of the invention, other modification some can also be made, also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the construction method in fully-mechanized mining working Guo Kong lane, it comprises the steps:
Step 1: reinforce support is carried out to empty lane, be specially, wire lath installed by the top board in described empty lane, in the below of described wire lath, steel band is installed, and the center line being positioned at described empty lane on described top board is provided with many supporting anchorage cables, by hanging supporting anchorage cable and described supporting anchorage cable, described wire lath is arranged on the below of described top board, by described hanging supporting anchorage cable, described steel band is arranged on the below of described wire lath, and make between the described hanging supporting anchorage cable and described top board at described steel band two ends in an angle α
In described empty lane, arrange hydraulic chock, and make the back timber of described hydraulic chock support on described top board,
Help installation protective screening in the lane of the both sides in described empty lane, by anchor pole, described protective screening supporting is helped in described lane;
Step 2: when fully-mechanized mining working is apart from described empty lane 200m, starts to observe the ore deposit pressure data that the pressure sensor on the hydraulic support on fully-mechanized mining working shows, and the deflection of step pitch, intensity and described top board that analytical cycle is pressed;
When described fully-mechanized mining working runs into periodic weighting in progradation, then avoid described periodic weighting by reducing fully-mechanized mining working described in the mining height of described fully-mechanized mining working, the fltting speed adjusting described fully-mechanized mining working or oblique adjusting;
Step 3: when described in described fully-mechanized mining working advance distance during empty lane 5m, if do not run into described periodic weighting, then advanced described empty lane fast; If run into described periodic weighting, then described fully-mechanized mining working stops advancing, and carries out allowing pressure; After allowing pressure terminate, then advanced described empty lane fast.
2. construction method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when described fully-mechanized mining working advances fast, by described fully-mechanized mining working oblique adjusting.
3. construction method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the process that described working face advances towards described empty lane, as periodic weighting as described in running into, when the deflection of described top board is large, the coal-winning machine on described fully-mechanized mining working successively cuts end operation.
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