CN1036941A - High safety grain shape permitted nitramines explosive in coal mine - Google Patents
High safety grain shape permitted nitramines explosive in coal mine Download PDFInfo
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- CN1036941A CN1036941A CN 88101935 CN88101935A CN1036941A CN 1036941 A CN1036941 A CN 1036941A CN 88101935 CN88101935 CN 88101935 CN 88101935 A CN88101935 A CN 88101935A CN 1036941 A CN1036941 A CN 1036941A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of in biogas or coal dust explosion hazard mine blasting works are arranged explosive allowable, by oxygenant, an amount of flame-cooling agent, combustible agent, water, emulsifying agent, a spot of bubble carrier density adjuster that can directly participate in explosive reaction, a small amount of explosive sensitizer that can add when needing, under the proportioning of zero oxygen balance, make have sensitization bubble, the high safe allowed for use in coal mines ammoniumnitrate explosives of the butt of particulate state, intermediate density.
Raw material sources of the present invention are extensive, and manufacturing process is easy, and steady quality is easy to load powder stick, not only have high safety of biogas but also have good detonation property.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of in biogas (methane) or coal dust explosion hazard mine blasting works are arranged explosive series allowable, belong to a kind of low C-J detonation pre ssure, blast capacity for work is big, biogas safety is high granular emulsion explosive in fact.
In current and quite long from now on period, the coal in China commercial mining will be to be main means (accounting for more than 70% of producing coal total amount) with the blasting procedure coal mining, along with coal mining developing in depth and breadth to mine, the most of mine of China will all be the mine of high blow-up danger, therefore, development not only had high safety of biogas but also have abundant raw material, the permitted explosive of advantages of higher is not extremely urgent to produce easy, cost.
Though the permitted explosive for coal mine that allows at present to use in the mine that the biogas coal dust explosion hazard is arranged has an-tnt explosive, sheathed explosive, equivalent explosive, powdery ion exchanged explosive and various water-bearing explosive such as water gel explosive, emulsion explosive etc., is various in style.But they all exist the defective that is difficult to overcome separately, conclusion is got up, the following aspects is arranged: one, permitted explosive all is to rely on increase flame-cooling agent content to improve biogas safety, and flame-cooling agent generally all is an indifferent salt, obviously, use it will certainly seriously reduce the detonation property of explosive too much, the raising that this has just limited biogas safety causes existing permitted explosive for coal mine biogas safety to be difficult for the present situation that improves; Otherwise two, the quick-fried heat of the permitted explosive that biogas safety is high, quick-fried temperature, quick-fried power, explosion velocity, brisance etc. are inevitable all lower, and correspondingly C-J detonation pressure is also low, and detonation property is relatively poor; Three, for guaranteeing the steady detonation of explosive, often will adopt nitroglycerine to make sensitizing agent, and nitroglycerine is responsive, danger greatly, not anti-ly freeze, poisonous, cost is high, the China's coal-mine permitted explosive does not all adopt; Four, use the permitted explosive for coal mine of tritonal sensitization, its detonation sensitivity, detonation energy are all not as good as nitroglycerine, thereby sodium chloride content also is restricted, and biogas safety is all lower, also has easy moisture absorption caking simultaneously and reduces the shortcoming of blast performance; Five, water-bearing explosive is big than powder type explosive density, explosion velocity is high, but has partly reduced the explosion energy and the Sensitivity to Primary Explosion of explosive owing to the existence of water.For water gel explosive, the nervous production of raw material (methylamine) is restricted; And emulsion explosive is at present domestic also unresolved to improving package stability.
For making smooth blasting, presplitting blasting and other controlled blasting can obtain good blasting effect, the inventor once invented a kind of " low density grainy emulsified explosive " (number of patent application: 87103658), combine the characteristics of low density explosive and emulsion explosive manufacturing process, with material mixing emulsified oil explosives such as low density foams, provide a kind of by oxygenant, combustible agent, water, density adjuster and add the low density grainy emulsified explosive that a small amount of sensitizing agent etc. is made.This explosive has plurality of advantages such as the low explosion velocity of density is low, propagation of explosion good, powder charge is convenient.But it is a rock type explosive kind, only is applicable to the rock blasting of no biogas and coal dust explosion hazard mine.
The objective of the invention is to avoid above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part and a kind of high safety of biogas that both had is provided, have good detonation property again, be convenient to mass production and use stay-in-grade novel permitted explosive for coal mine.
Realize purpose of the present invention, just must break through traditionally and improve biogas safety, improve detonation property by a large amount of sensitizing agents again,, remove to explore new technological approaches to realize the way of steady detonation by the heavy addition flame-cooling agent.This just makes us notice advantages such as low explosion velocity, the propagation of explosion that will utilize " low density grainy emulsified explosive " to have are good, through a large amount of experimental studies, finds to take following measure just can reach purpose of the present invention on the basis of this explosive compound method:
Observe principle near zero oxygen balance, add an amount of flame-cooling agent to adapt to the requirement of biogas safety, few with even not making sensitizing agent with single chmical compound explosive, and can directly participate in bubble carrier density adjuster that detonation reacts improves explosive as the auxiliary sensitization means of explosive detonation property with a spot of.
Purpose of the present invention can also realize by following measure:
1, oxygenant: total consumption is 63～85% of an explosive component, wherein mainly is ammonium nitrate, can account for 57～71% of explosive component, and wherein being used for the water dissolving, to carry out emulsification person be 30～45%, and all the other 36～20% are sneaked in the emulsifying base; Next is a SODIUMNITRATE, accounts for 6～14% of explosive component; Can also adopt nitrocalcite, saltpetre, ammonium perchlorate to wait and exchange the aforesaid oxygenant of part for, to regulate the crystallization point of the saline oxide aqueous solution.
2, flame-cooling agent: mainly be sodium-chlor (salt), ammonium chloride, halogenated organic alkane etc., can account for 4～18% of explosive component; Also can add Repone K and improve security biogas.
3, combustible agent oil plant: mainly be mechanical oil plant, can account for 2.0～2.5% of explosive component; Also can adopt mixing oil plants such as containing paraffin, Vaseline.
4, emulsifying agent: can be with one or more blended compound emulsifying agents, wherein the most frequently used is this each 80(dehydrating sorbitol monooleate of department), account for 1.0～1.5% of explosive component
5, water: account for 2～8% of explosive component.
6, sensitizing agent: can, also can use Tai'an (PETN), hexogen (RDX) or tritonal single chmical compound explosives such as (TNT), for reducing cost, the most handy tritonal accounts for 0～3% of explosive component.
7, additive: can adopt the strong tensio-active agent of hydrophilic ability, as the performance of improving explosive, consumption is less than 1%.
8, density adjuster: adopt the organic porous bubble carrier of fiber powdery, as polyurethane, polystyrene foamed plastics and other porous plastics, and vegetative fiber material such as wood dust, bagasse, straw shell etc., account for 2～4% of explosive component.
The summation of all kinds of components is 100%.
The mixing technique process of explosive is as follows:
By proportioning part or all of oxygenant and flame-cooling agent are dissolved in the water more than 90 ℃, become the aqueous solution (A) of salt, combustible agent oil plant and emulsifying agent are mixed into (B) liquid under 75～85 ℃ of temperature, under quick agitation condition, (A) liquid is added in (B) liquid, promptly be emulsified into the paste emulsion matrix of water-in-oil-type, then will be, pulverize the oxygenant and the flame-cooling agent of back remainder through super-dry, be added to the stirring and evenly mixing of kneading in the emulsifying base.Suitable proportioning that it should be noted that siccative and water should look concrete processing unit and condition is selected, and key depends on whether conformance with standard of finished product detonation property and biogas safety.Sneak into sensitizing agent if desired, can add simultaneously and knead, when treating that the emulsifying base temperature drops to below 60 ℃, adding density adjuster further mixes, through 50～60 ℃ of warm air dryings, just make a kind of butt allowed for use in coal mines ammoniumnitrate explosives with sensitization bubble, granular, intermediate density.
The density adjuster that the present invention adopts is not only the porousness bubble carrier, and be again the combustiblematerials that can directly participate in explosive reaction, under the proportioning of zero oxygen balance, by emulsifying technology, the explosive each component fully contacts, thereby can discharge maximum explosion energy, and improved explosive energy density significantly than " low density grainy emulsified explosive ", make explosive under household condition have the responsive and satisfactory stability propagation performance of blasting cap initiation.Because the existence of bubble carrier slightly reduces than present all permitted explosive for coal mine density, thereby make the explosion velocity decline of explosive reduce C-J detonation pre ssure; Flame-cooling agent partly is that molecularity exists in addition, the abundant disperse of explosion time, and the explosive biogas safety just has big breakthrough, has solved present permitted explosive for coal mine effectively and has paced up and down for a long time at the not high state of security, has realized purpose of the present invention.Compare prior art the present invention and have following advantage:
1, raw material sources are extensive, manufacturing process is easy, all drawbacks of using a large amount of flame-cooling agents and sensitizing agent to bring have been avoided, characteristics with high safety of biogas and good detonation performances, need not or come under the situation of sensitization with a spot of simple substance high explosive, all available blasting cap initiation is stored 6 months to 1 year steady qualities.
2, the density of high safety grain shape permitted nitramines explosive in coal mine of the present invention, explosion velocity, C-J detonation pre ssure are all lower, but its explosion energy and be not less than the identical water-bearing explosive of safe class, powdery sheathed explosive equivalent explosive and ion exchanged explosive.
3, the packing density of explosive (0.6～0.8 gram per centimeter
3) be lower than general powdery permitted explosive for coal mine, be particulate state, water absorbability is little, free-running property good, be easy to load powder stick, the powder stick with the plastics film filling also has certain anti-outlet capacity, can be used for having the big gun hole of water.
In sum, the present invention has important practical value undoubtedly for the colliery provides a kind of ideal high safety explosive series.Embodiment sees the following form shown in 1:
The explanation of embodiment:
The mixed system method of embodiment one is: in the dissolution boiler with steam heating chuck and agitator, add 2～8% parts of water, 35～45 parts of ammonium nitrate, 6～12 parts of SODIUMNITRATE, 4～8 parts of flame-cooling agents and portions additive, chuck feeds more than the steam heating to 90 ℃, makes material dissolve into the aqueous solution (A) fully; In addition in having the oily molten pot of steam heating chuck, add 2.0～2.5 parts of mechanical oil plants, 1.0 being heated to 75～85 ℃ ,～1.5 parts of emulsifying agents and remaining additive become (B) liquid, then (A) liquid is joined continuously in (B) liquid of quick stirring, promptly generate the paste emulsion matrix of water-in-oil-type.Emulsifying base is discharged in another kneading machine, when treating that temperature drops to below 60 ℃, add through pulverizing, dry remaining 36～24 parts of ammonium nitrate and tritonal (can add when needing), after mixing, add 2～4 parts of density adjusters again, thorough mixing is through 50～60 ℃ of warm air dryings, promptly form prill, load into explosive cartridge and weather-proof dressing and make the explosive finished product.
The mixed system method fundamental sum embodiment one of embodiment two is identical, and only the flame-cooling agent consumption is many slightly, after wherein a part (or all) is added to and dissolves in the water, carries out emulsification, and remainder adds in the emulsifying base and mixes.
The compound method fundamental sum embodiment one of embodiment three is identical, and difference is that the flame-cooling agent consumption is more, and flame-cooling agent is carried out emulsification a part of the adding in the aqueous solution, and remainder adds in the kneading machine and emulsifying base mixes.
The explosive made is through detecting, and meets the MT-61-82 of Ministry of Coal Industry standard " the permitted explosive for coal mine biogas safety grade and the method for inspection thereof " fully about three grades, the regulation of level Four, Pyatyi permitted explosive for coal mine biogas safety criterion of acceptability.
The explosive formulation example
Table 1
Claims (4)
1, a kind of by oxygenant, combustible agent, water, emulsifying agent, density adjuster and add the high safety grain shape permitted nitramines explosive in coal mine that a spot of explosive sensitizer is made, it is characterized in that observing principle near zero oxygen balance, add an amount of flame-cooling agent to adapt to the requirement of biogas safety, few with even not making sensitizing agent with single chmical compound explosive, and improve detonation property as the auxiliary sensitization means of explosive with a spot of bubble carrier density adjuster that can directly participate in explosive reaction.
2,, it is characterized in that by oxygenant 63～85% flame-cooling agent 4～18% according to the said high safety grain shape permitted nitramines explosive in coal mine of claim 1, combustible agent oil plant 2.0～2.5%, emulsifying agent 1.0～1.5%, water 2～8%, sensitizing agent 0～3%, additive are less than 1%, and density adjuster 2～4% is formed.
3, according to the said high safety grain shape permitted nitramines explosive in coal mine of claim 2, it is characterized in that oxygenant mainly adopts ammonium nitrate, can account for 57～71% of explosive component, wherein being used for water dissolving, to carry out emulsification person be 30～45%, and all the other are sneaked into and account for 36～220% in the emulsifying base; Next is a SODIUMNITRATE, accounts for 6～14% of explosive component; Can also adopt nitrocalcite saltpetre, ammonium perchlorate to wait and exchange the aforesaid oxygenant of part for, to regulate the crystallization point of the saline oxide aqueous solution.
4,, it is characterized in that density adjuster employing organic porous bubble carrier of fiber powdery such as various porous plastics or vegetative fiber material such as wood dust, bagasse, straw shell etc. according to claim 2 or 3 said high safety grain shape permitted nitramines explosive in coal mine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88101935 CN1011586B (en) | 1988-04-14 | 1988-04-14 | High safety grain shape permitted nitramines explosive in coal mine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88101935 CN1011586B (en) | 1988-04-14 | 1988-04-14 | High safety grain shape permitted nitramines explosive in coal mine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1036941A true CN1036941A (en) | 1989-11-08 |
| CN1011586B CN1011586B (en) | 1991-02-13 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88101935 Expired CN1011586B (en) | 1988-04-14 | 1988-04-14 | High safety grain shape permitted nitramines explosive in coal mine |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1314633C (en) * | 2003-07-03 | 2007-05-09 | 赵忠和 | Industrial powdery rock ammonium nitrate explosive |
| CN103063093A (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2013-04-24 | 攀枝花恒威化工有限责任公司 | Water stemming |
| CN107721780A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-02-23 | 陕西红旗民爆集团股份有限公司 | A kind of Explosion composite powder type explosive density adjuster and preparation method |
| CN107986923A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-05-04 | 石家庄成功机电有限公司 | A kind of process of powder type explosive negative pressure powder |
| CN111302872A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-06-19 | 福建省民爆化工股份有限公司 | Preparation method of emulsified explosive with high sympathetic detonation sensitivity |
-
1988
- 1988-04-14 CN CN 88101935 patent/CN1011586B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1314633C (en) * | 2003-07-03 | 2007-05-09 | 赵忠和 | Industrial powdery rock ammonium nitrate explosive |
| CN103063093A (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2013-04-24 | 攀枝花恒威化工有限责任公司 | Water stemming |
| CN107986923A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-05-04 | 石家庄成功机电有限公司 | A kind of process of powder type explosive negative pressure powder |
| CN107986923B (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2019-12-03 | 石家庄成功机电有限公司 | A kind of process of powder type explosive negative pressure powder |
| CN107721780A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-02-23 | 陕西红旗民爆集团股份有限公司 | A kind of Explosion composite powder type explosive density adjuster and preparation method |
| CN111302872A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-06-19 | 福建省民爆化工股份有限公司 | Preparation method of emulsified explosive with high sympathetic detonation sensitivity |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1011586B (en) | 1991-02-13 |
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