CN103693773A - Chromium-containing waste water reuse treatment method - Google Patents
Chromium-containing waste water reuse treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103693773A CN103693773A CN201310471688.7A CN201310471688A CN103693773A CN 103693773 A CN103693773 A CN 103693773A CN 201310471688 A CN201310471688 A CN 201310471688A CN 103693773 A CN103693773 A CN 103693773A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
Abstract
The invention discloses a chromium-containing waste water reuse treatment method, which comprise the following steps: (1) filtering the waste water to be treated by a filter; (2) treating the filtered waste water by a cation bed; (3) treating the water which is treated by the cation bed by an anion bed; (4) reusing the water after treatment. The invention has the beneficial effects that the water after treatment can reach the reuse standard with low treatment cost, reliability and simple operation and maintenance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of waste water treatment, specifically a kind of chromate waste water process for reclaiming.
Background technology
The high concentration chrome wastewater of tinplate (electrolytic tinplate) stainless-steel cold-rolling factory mainly comes from pot galvanize unit, electro-galvanizing unit, electricity tin, electrical steel unit for a long time.Chromium in sewage mainly exists with chromic form, has very strong toxicity, need to after full lattice, could discharge through strict processing.The mechanism of the treatment process of high concentration chrome wastewater is as original state agent also, reduce processing with the ferrous ion of iron protochloride, the chromium ion of sexavalence is reduced to the trivalent chromic ion of low toxicity, and then neutralization precipitation, makes the water discharging meet emission request.In treating processes, to add new hydrochloric acid to regulate pH value.The treatment process of existing high concentration chrome wastewater is introduced into equalizing tank by chromate waste water, then reduces and second-stage reduction through one-level from equalizing tank, when one-level reduction and second-stage reduction, adds hydrochloric acid and reductive agent iron protochloride, then after neutralization tank and settling tank, discharges.The method of this processing waste water containing chrome is larger with hydrochloric acid content, and cost for wastewater treatment is high.
And the facility investment of existing ion exchange method is large, complex technical process, its resin and soda acid consumption are large, and electrodialysis and reverse osmosis law technology are difficult for grasping, and energy consumption is large.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to the deficiency existing for the above prior art, a kind of chromate waste water process for reclaiming mainly for chemical treatment section in tinplate production is provided, make the waste water after processing reach emission standard or even reach zero release, and can save energy.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of chromate waste water process for reclaiming, and it step comprising is as follows:
(1) pending waste water is filtered by strainer;
(2) waste water after filtering is passed through to cation bed;
(3) water after cation bed processing is passed through to anion bed;
(4) by the water reuse after processing.
Described (3) step water is out processed by anion bed again.
Described (3) step water out after anion bed is processed, is processed through cation bed again.
After described (3) step water is out processed by cation bed again, through anion bed, process.
The Zeo-karb of filling in described cation bed can be D072 type large hole strong acid styrene system cation exchange resin.
The anionite-exchange resin of filling in described anion bed can be A-A354 type anionite-exchange resin or A1-A235 type anionite-exchange resin.
The optimal ph 3-4 that described anion bed is processed.
Described anionite-exchange resin can be styrene series anion exchange resin, can significantly improve treatment effect.
The temperature of described chromate waste water is 25-45 ℃, and hexavalent chromium concentration is 44.47-94.70mg/l; Total chromium concn is 50.80-104.00mg/l; PH value is 5.92-7.38.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the water after processing reaches the standard of reuse containing chromium, zero release, and processing cost is low, and reliable, running maintenance is simple.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schema of a kind of chromate waste water process for reclaiming of the present invention embodiment 2;
Fig. 2 is the schema of a kind of chromate waste water process for reclaiming of the present invention embodiment 3;
Fig. 3 is the schema of a kind of chromate waste water process for reclaiming of the present invention embodiment 4;
Fig. 4 is the detection figure of a kind of chromate waste water process for reclaiming of the present invention embodiment 1;
Fig. 5 is the detection figure of a kind of chromate waste water process for reclaiming of the present invention embodiment 2;
Fig. 6 is the detection figure of a kind of chromate waste water process for reclaiming of the present invention embodiment 3;
Fig. 7 is the detection figure of a kind of chromate waste water process for reclaiming of the present invention embodiment 4;
Fig. 8 is the system construction drawing of a kind of chromate waste water process for reclaiming of the present invention.
embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be described in detail.
The explanation of ion exchange method dechromisation principle
Application ion exchange method processing waste water containing chrome is to make spent ion exchange resin carry out selective adsorption to sexavalent chrome Cr (VI) in waste water, make sexavalent chrome Cr (VI) separated with water, and then with reagent, sexavalent chrome is eluted, carry out necessary purification, after enrichment is concentrated, recycle or do harmless treatment.
Because the chemical treatment technology section chromate waste water ratio of components in tinplate production is more single, relatively suitable ion exchange method removes sexavalent chrome, reclaims sexavalent chrome, reuse part water.Experiment showed, that ion exchange method is processed chromium plating wastewater relatively easy, and have technically unique distinction, aspect resource recovery and closed cycle, bringing into play leading role.
Prove by experiment, chrome waste liquid is better than alkaline condition with the successful of resin anion(R.A) generation permutoid reaction under acidic conditions.Because when waste water ph is higher, sexavalent chrome is mainly with chromate (CrO
4 2-) form existence, and next with dichromate ion (Cr at acidic conditions
2o
7 2-) form existence.While removing sexavalent chrome with resin anion(R.A), exchange equally a dianion Cr
2o
7 2-compare CrO
4 2-many chromium ions, so the removal efficiency in acid waste water than in alkaline waste water is high.
Permutoid reaction formula under acidic conditions:
Cr
2O
7 2-+(RN)
2SO
4=(RN)
2CrO
7+SO
4 2-
Permutoid reaction formula under alkaline condition:
Cr
2O
7 2-+2OH
-=2CrO
4 2-+H
2O;
CrO
4 2-+2RNOH=(RN)
2CrO
4+2OH
-
From experimental result, also can obviously find out when the chrome waste liquid pH=3-4, best with the exchange effect of anionite-exchange resin, so just determined that pH=3-4 is optimal ph.
In addition, through test, show that styrene series anion exchange resin is as follows to the general selectivity relation of negatively charged ion:
SO
4 2->HSO
4 2->NO
2 ->CrO
4 2->PO
4 3->C1
->HCO
3
And vinylbenzene anionite-exchange resin is to Cr
2o
7 2-there is high strong selectivity.Not only there is Cr
2o
7 2->CrO
4 2-, and there is CrO
4 2-, Cr
2o
7 2->SO
4 2-selectivity relation.
Embodiment 1
A chromate waste water process for reclaiming, it step comprising is as follows:
(1) pending waste water is filtered by strainer;
(2) waste water after filtering is passed through to cation bed, that described cation bed is filled is Zeo-karb D72;
(3) water the processing of processing from cation bed is passed through to anion bed, that described anion bed is filled is anionite-exchange resin A-A354
(4) by the water reuse after processing to water as a supplement in tinplate production technique.
As shown in Figure 4, after above-mentioned steps is processed, the fluctuation of specific conductivity rate is large, after processing
ph value changes greatly, easily meta-acid; After processing, sometimes have the situation that sexavalent chrome is revealed; After processing, total chrome content is higher, but also can reach discharge reuse standard.
Embodiment 2
A chromate waste water process for reclaiming, as shown in Figure 1, it step comprising is as follows:
(1) the pending waste water of wastewater disposal basin is filtered by strainer;
(2) waste water after filtering is passed through to cation bed, that described cation bed is filled is Zeo-karb D72;
(3) water the processing of processing from cation bed is passed through to anion bed, that described anion bed is filled is anionite-exchange resin A-A354;
(4) water from the processing that anion bed is processed is processed by anion bed again; That described anion bed is filled is anionite-exchange resin A-A354;
(5) by the water reuse after processing.
As shown in Figure 5, after above-mentioned steps is processed, specific conductivity rate is moving larger; After processing, pH value changes greatly, easily meta-alkali; After processing, sexavalent chrome can remove substantially; After processing, total chrome content is higher, but completely also can reach discharge reuse standard.
Embodiment 3
A chromate waste water process for reclaiming, as shown in Figure 2, it step comprising is as follows:
(1) the pending waste water of wastewater disposal basin is filtered by strainer;
(2) waste water after filtering is passed through to cation bed, that described cation bed is filled is Zeo-karb D72;
(3) water the processing of processing from cation bed is passed through to anion bed, that described anion bed is filled is anionite-exchange resin A-A354;
(4) water the processing of processing from anion bed is processed by anion bed again, that described anion bed is filled is anionite-exchange resin A-A354;
(5) water from the processing that anion bed is processed is processed by cation bed again; That described cation bed is filled is Zeo-karb D72;
(6) water the processing of processing from cation bed is passed through to anion bed, that described anion bed is filled is anionite-exchange resin A-A354;
(7) by the water reuse after processing.
As shown in Figure 7, after above-mentioned steps is processed specific conductivity basic controlling in 10 μ s/cm; The neutral meta-acid of pH value after processing, but relatively stable, change little; After processing, without remaining sexavalent chrome, stablize and can be controlled in 0.02mg/l; After processing, total chromium is controlled well, stable caning be controlled in 0.08mg/l.
Embodiment 4
A chromate waste water process for reclaiming, as shown in Figure 3, it step comprising is as follows:
(1) the pending waste water of wastewater disposal basin is filtered by strainer;
(2) waste water after filtering is passed through to cation bed, that described cation bed is filled is Zeo-karb D72;
(3) water the processing of processing from cation bed is passed through to anion bed, that described anion bed is filled is anionite-exchange resin A-A354;
(4) water the processing of processing from anion bed is processed by cation bed, that described cation bed is filled is Zeo-karb D72;
(5) water from the processing that cation bed is processed is processed by anion bed again; That described anion bed is filled is anionite-exchange resin A-A354;
(6) by the water reuse after processing.
As shown in Figure 6, after above-mentioned steps is processed specific conductivity basic controlling in 20 μ s/cm; The neutral meta-alkali of pH value after processing, but relatively stable, change little; After processing, there is traces of residual sexavalent chrome, stable caning be controlled in 0.02mg/l; After processing, total chrome content is lower, stable caning be controlled in 0.1mg/l.
Wherein, the optimal ph that described anion bed is processed is 3-4.Described anionite-exchange resin can be styrene series anion exchange resin.The temperature of described chromate waste water is 25-45 ℃, and hexavalent chromium concentration is 44.47-94.70mg/l; Total chromium concn is 50.80-104.00mg/l; PH value is 5.92-7.38.
The macropore strong acid cation exchange resin that described Zeo-karb D72(model is D72), for the ion exchange resin of macroporous structure, it is high that it has exchange capacity, and exchange velocity is fast, the features such as physical strength is good, are mainly used in the recovery of wastewater treatment and heavy metal.Its physical and chemical index is as following table:
What described anion bed was filled is that anionite-exchange resin A-A354 is the anionresin tree of strong basicity macroporous structure, and this resin has that regeneration efficiency is high, alkaline consumption is low, water consumption is low, exchange capacity is large, anti-Organic pollutants and the feature such as resistance of oxidation is strong, physical strength is good; Will be for the processing of electroplating industry chromate waste water and noble metal recovery etc.Its physical and chemical index is as following table:
The ion exchange resin that described anionite-exchange resin A1-A235 is macroporous structure, there is the features such as the high and resistance of oxidation of good hydraulic characteristic and anti-Organic pollutants is strong, be widely used in the fields such as environment protection, biomedical engineering, light industry (decolouring), be specially adapted to electroplate containing chromium, copper-containing wastewater and process and noble metal recovery; Its physical and chemical index is as following table:
Index name | Index |
Outward appearance | The opaque spherical particle of oyster white |
The pattern of dispatching from the factory | CL |
Water content % | 50-65 |
Quality complete exchange capacity mmoL/g | ≥3.8 |
Volume complete exchange capacity mmoL/mL | ≥1.15 |
Wet volume density g/mL | 0.65-0.73 |
Wet true density g/mL | 1.06-1.10 |
Size range % | (0.45-1.25mm)≥95(<0.45mm)≤1 |
Effective size of grain mm | 0.50-0.75 |
Coefficient of uniformity | ≤1.60 |
Ooze mill rate of small round spheres % | ≥90 |
Embodiment 5
As shown in Figure 8, its treatment step comprises:
(1) chromate waste water is collected in to storage tank, then by force (forcing) pump group input filtration unit, filters; Minimum deep bed filter and the activated charcoal filter of comprising of described filtration unit, described waste water first enters activated charcoal filter and filters after deep bed filter filters.Wherein, the elutriant of above-mentioned strainer returns and in chromate waste water storage tank, carries out circular treatment;
(2) the waste water input cation bed after filtering is processed;
(3) the waste water input anion bed after cation bed processing is processed;
(4) the waste water input cation bed after anion bed processing is processed;
(5) the waste water input anion bed after cation bed processing is processed.
Waste water after anion bed is processed can reach discharging standards, and can direct reuse to tinplate, produces and in each operation, carry out recycle.
Described cation bed is connected with acid tank, and splendid attire sulfuric acid in described acid tank, for cation bed is carried out to regeneration washing, makes it can follow bad utilization.Described anion bed is connected with the first regenerating unit, and splendid attire sulfuric acid in described the first regenerating unit, for anion bed is carried out to regeneration washing, makes it can follow bad utilization.Described cation bed is connected with the second regenerating unit, and splendid attire sodium hydroxide in described the second regenerating unit, carries out regeneration washing for cation bed, makes it can follow bad utilization.Described anion bed is connected with alkali groove, and splendid attire sodium hydroxide in described alkali groove, for anion bed is carried out to regeneration washing, makes it can follow bad utilization.The regenerated liquid of described cation bed and described anion bed (sulfuric acid) mixes with the regenerated liquid (sodium hydroxide) of described cation bed and described anion bed after neutralization, reclaims harmful solid waste after evaporator evaporation; Evaporated liquor is back to chrome waste liquid and carries out circular treatment.In treating processes, chromium acid waste liquid first extracts to transfer tank in advance through transferpump, then inputs filtration unit and filters.Described transferpump adopts the corrosion-resistant lining viton of high-quality water pump, totally 2/cover of the preferred SZ of Nanfang Pump Industry Co., Ltd. type pump, and a wherein use, another is standby.Transfer lime in the present invention adopts stainless steel (SUS304) steel pipe of DN80, at transferpump output position mounting pipe wind cooling temperature lowering equipment, at 50m
3transfer tank entry position same mounting pipe wind cooling temperature lowering equipment, guarantees that chromium acid waste liquid temperature drops to below 40 ℃, to guarantee the activity of exchange resin, maintains treatment effect.Transfer lime fed distance 310m.
Storage tank is used for collecting chromium acid waste liquid, and as technique buffer point.General, former factory building has 35m
3one of steel concrete line with rubber storage tank, when all compressor emergency shutdowns liquid level are high-order, chromium acid waste liquid transferpump is out of service.Described force (forcing) pump group is mainly used in extracting the liquid of chrome waste liquid in transfer tank, for ion exchange system provides operation power.Force (forcing) pump group is comprised of two corrosion-resistant stainless steel water pumps, a wherein use, and another is standby.The CDLF type pump that described corrosion-resistant stainless steel water pump is Nanfang Pump Industry Co., Ltd. goes, and described force (forcing) pump group is also for the backwash of activated charcoal filter.
Described deep bed filter is for the preliminary suspended solid of removing chrome waste liquid; Deep bed filter consists of filter bag, filter basket, container three parts, and filter bag is installed in filter frame, and described filter frame is installed on described container internal upper part.Described deep bed filter is easy, efficient, an economic filtering system, there are 50 microns of above filter bags of the preferred filtering accuracy of deep bed filter described in the features such as novel and reasonable structure, good airproof performance, circulating capacity are strong, easy and simple to handle, the material of filter bag is nylon, chemical compatibility is good, easy cleaning, container adopts the manufacture of SUS304 all steel.Filter bag arranges by the sealed fast-open type of lifting eye bolt with filter basket.Deep bed filter divides two-stage setting, and the effect of first step deep bed filter is to prevent that in stoste, oarse-grained solids leaks; Second stage deep bed filter is the multiple protective while preventing that the broken thing of the possible gac of activated charcoal filter and deep bed filter 1# from being penetrated!
Described activated charcoal filter is used for filtering and adsorbing the colloidal solid thing that may impact resins exchange body.Described activated charcoal filter is the activated charcoal filter of one group of steel rubber lining tank body preferably, and flow velocity is designed to 20m/hr, and it is tank body interior filling grating quartz sand thickness and the high-quality column sintering activity charcoal of full diameter φ 1250mm.When strainer inlet outlet pressure differential reaches certain value (0.55-0.75), through differential pressure controller, judge, carry out backwash, backwash time 5-10min, backwash waste is disposed to the transfer tank of chrome waste liquid.Charcoal filter adopts pneumavalve to control, utilize in PLC control to realize operation automatically and just wash, backwash function.
Described cation bed Main Function is by the Cr in chrome waste liquid
3+, Cr
6+be converted into dichromate ion Cr
2o
7 2-; The cation bed body that adopts one group of steel rubber lining tank body, flow velocity is designed to 20m/hr, tank diameter φ 1250mm; Filling strong acid type macroporous resin, 3300 liters of resin loadings (single tank).C1 cation bed adopts the higher counter-current regeneration form of performance, and regeneration efficiency is high, and salt consumption is 0.5-0.75 times of common fixed bed.C1 cation bed adopts ORP, pH dual control detecting pattern, provides data and finishes to judge efficiency lost resin, regeneration ending, cleaning, and send instruction by central controller image data, reaches the automatic operating of operation, regeneration, cleaning; Regeneration dope drains into regenerated liquid neutralizing well; Scavenging solution drains into scavenging solution storage tank (acid) to increase operation rate, scavenging period 5-10min.C1 cation bed adopts two-position controller, pneumavalve to control, and realization moves and just washes, backwash function.
Described anion bed Main Function is exchange Cr
2o
7 2-; There is dual efficiency; The anion bed body that adopts one group of steel rubber lining tank body, flow velocity is designed to 20m/hr, tank diameter φ 1250mm, 1700 liters of resin loadings (single tank); Filling styrene series anion exchange resin in described steel rubber lining tank body.Anion bed adopts the higher counter-current regeneration form of performance, and regeneration efficiency is high, and salt consumption is 0.5-0.75 times of common fixed bed.Anion bed adopts ORP, pH dual control detecting pattern, provides data and finishes to judge efficiency lost resin, regeneration ending, cleaning, and send instruction by central controller image data, reaches the automatic operating of operation, regeneration, cleaning; Regeneration dope drains into regenerated liquid neutralizing well; Scavenging solution drains into scavenging solution storage tank (acid) to increase operation rate, scavenging period 5-10min.Anion bed adopts two-position controller, pneumavalve to control, and realization moves and just washes, backwash function.The pure water that scavenging pump is mainly used in extracting pure water tank cleans the resin in resin bed; In order to guarantee that operating performance adopts stainless steel water pump, select the CHL pump of Nanfang Pump Industry Co., Ltd., totally 2/cover, an application, another is standby.This storage tank major storage regeneration acid solution of acid storage tank, adopts FRP storage tank, volume 30m
3.Alkali storage tank major storage regeneration alkali lye, adopts FRP storage tank, volume 30m
3.
Is comprised of chemical pump, injector, liquid distribution system, system of pipe and valve with regenerating unit (acid regeneration device).The SZ series corrosion-proof type fluoroplastic pump that chemical pump adopts Nanfang Pump Industry Co., Ltd. to produce, safe and reliable to operation; Injector is in order to draw the liquid of acid tank and scavenging solution storage tank (acid), and regulates proportioning to reach suitable pH value; Liquid distribution system is evenly delivered to resin layer by the good regenerated liquid (acid) of proportioning, adopts high-quality corrosion-proof type ABS material to make; System of pipe and valve adopts high-quality U-PVC chemical pipeline, and this pipe valve is selected Taiwan ring fine jade pipe valve.
The second regenerating unit (alkali regenerating unit) is comprised of chemical pump, injector, liquid distribution system, system of pipe and valve.The SZ series corrosion-proof type fluoroplastic pump that chemical pump adopts Nanfang Pump Industry Co., Ltd. to produce, safe and reliable to operation; Injector is in order to draw the liquid of acid tank and scavenging solution storage tank (alkali), and regulates proportioning to reach suitable pH value; Liquid distribution system is evenly delivered to resin layer by the good regenerated liquid (alkali) of proportioning, adopts high-quality corrosion-proof type ABS material to make; System of pipe and valve adopts high-quality U-PVC chemical pipeline, and pipe valve is selected Taiwan ring fine jade pipe valve.Scavenging solution storage tank (acid) is mainly used in the recycling of scavenging solution, reduces water consumption, can make full use of the remaining regenerator in scavenging solution simultaneously.A scavenging solution storage tank of system design (acid), FRP material, volume can be 50m
3.Scavenging solution storage tank (alkali) is mainly used in the recycling of scavenging solution, reduces water consumption, can make full use of the remaining regenerator in scavenging solution simultaneously.A native system design scavenging solution storage tank (alkali), FRP material, volume can be 50m
3.Regeneration dope neutralizing well is the mixing point of acid-alkali regeneration liquid, FRP material, and volume can be 50m
3* 2.Pure water storage tank is used for storing pure water, in order to recycling; SUS304 built-up type, volume can be 50m
3* 2.
More than describe preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail, should be appreciated that the ordinary skill of this area just can design according to the present invention be made many modifications and variations without creative work.Therefore, all technician in the art according to the present invention design on prior art basis by logic analysis, reasoning or according to the available technical scheme of limited experiment, all should be among the determined protection domain by these claims.
Claims (9)
1. a chromate waste water process for reclaiming, is characterized in that, it step comprising is as follows:
(1) pending waste water is filtered by strainer;
(2) waste water after filtering is passed through to cation bed;
(3) water the processing of processing from cation bed is passed through to anion bed;
(4) by the water reuse after processing.
2. according to a kind of chromate waste water process for reclaiming claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described (3) step water is out processed by anion bed again.
3. according to a kind of chromate waste water process for reclaiming claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described (3) step water out after anion bed is processed, is processed through cation bed again.
4. according to a kind of chromate waste water process for reclaiming claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, after described (3) step water is out processed by cation bed again, through anion bed, process.
5. according to the arbitrary described a kind of chromate waste water process for reclaiming of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, the Zeo-karb of filling in described cation bed is Zeo-karb D72.
6. according to a kind of chromate waste water process for reclaiming claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the anionite-exchange resin of filling in described anion bed is anionite-exchange resin A-A354, anionite-exchange resin A1-A235.
7. according to a kind of chromate waste water process for reclaiming claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the optimal ph that described anion bed is processed is 3-4.
8. according to a kind of chromate waste water process for reclaiming claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described anionite-exchange resin is styrene series anion exchange resin.
9. according to a kind of chromate waste water process for reclaiming claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the temperature of described chromate waste water is 25-45 ℃, and hexavalent chromium concentration is 44.47-94.70mg/l; Total chromium concn is 50.80-104.00mg/l; PH value is 5.92-7.38.
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