CN103693526A - Life-saving capsule consisting of miniature buffering air bags and other components and arranged in elevator shaft bottom pit - Google Patents
Life-saving capsule consisting of miniature buffering air bags and other components and arranged in elevator shaft bottom pit Download PDFInfo
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- CN103693526A CN103693526A CN201310693677.3A CN201310693677A CN103693526A CN 103693526 A CN103693526 A CN 103693526A CN 201310693677 A CN201310693677 A CN 201310693677A CN 103693526 A CN103693526 A CN 103693526A
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Abstract
A life-saving capsule consisting of miniature buffering air bags and other components and arranged in an elevator shaft bottom pit belongs to the field of elevator safety protection devices, and comprises a clapboard box which is mounted on a lift car projection area, a buffering net and the miniature buffering air bags, wherein the miniature buffering air bags are covered by the buffering net and are arranged in the clapboard box; the life-saving capsule also comprises a separation barrel base which covers the bottom of a lift car buffer, a middle separation barrel, a sponge disc on the top and a sponge cap which is arranged on the sponge disc, or a type II sponge disc which is directly mounted on the top of the life car buffer and a type II sponge cap which is arranged on the sponge disc. The life-saving capsule is mounted in the lift car projection range which is a main area where a person falling in the pit falls in the pit bottom, the miniature buffering air bags are used for exerting the functions of buffering, absorbing energy and gradually increasing resistance, and the life-saving function is realized by soft deformation and collapse; a beneficial remedial measure is realized after the lift car buffer fails under a specific condition; the combination form of the emergency life-saving device is flexible and varied, and the application range is wide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of elevator safety protection device, relate in particular to a kind of survival capsule that elevator pit is comprised of parts such as miniature buffer air bags that is placed in.
Background technology
The safety device of elevator mainly contains in the world at present: (1) prevents that the car buffer of squatting the end, rushing to summit from surprisingly appearring in elevator, mainly divides water bumper and spring bumper; (2) each floor elevator door automatic blocking, prevent the device that opened by mistake by people; (3) guide rail safety pincers etc.In China, apply for mainly containing following about the patent of elevator safety protection device at present:
Patent publication No. is that the utility model patent " emergency staircase " of CN202321891U discloses and a kind ofly at elevator inwall, is provided with cushion layer, elevator cab bottom is provided with the emergency staircase of safety air bag, cushion layer can avoid taking elevator personnel and elevator cab generation direct impact, and safety air bag can slow down the impact force of elevator cab and passage; Patent publication No. is that the utility model patent " a kind of emergency staircase " of CN200999168 discloses in access to elevators and/or cage bottom and is provided with shock absorber, shock absorber is safety air bag or spring or is provided with at the same level relative magnet piece at elevator or cage, by shock attenuation device, cage is cushioned, reduce personal casualty in cage; Patent publication No. is the vertical elevator falling rescue device that the patent of invention " a kind of employing deceleration baffle technology vertical elevator falling rescue device " of CN102050365A adopts deceleration baffle plate and spring buffer technology, in being suitable for, low-rise building vertical-type elevator cage falls; Patent publication No. is that the patent of invention " a kind of lift car safe falling device based on air energy-eliminating " of CN103121612A is utilized storage rope drum-type car free fall motion changing mechanism, by lift car free fall conversion of motion, it is the motion of cylinder block inner carrier reciprocating air, realize gravitional force to the conversion of air internal energy, and discharge consumption, and then make lift car safe falling.
Above patent is all the device slowing down for car, and still belongs to blank for the unexpected safety device that crashes into the elevator pit car personnel of view field.
Summary of the invention
The blank existing for above prior art, the invention provides a kind of survival capsule that elevator pit is comprised of parts such as miniature buffer air bags that is placed in, utilize the Buffer Unit of the compositions such as miniature buffer air bag to provide buffer action to the pendant person of cheating, reduce the injury to personnel.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind ofly be placed in the survival capsule that elevator pit is comprised of parts such as miniature buffer air bags, described emergency device comprises and is arranged on car view field spacer plate box, buffering net and miniature buffer air bag, described miniature buffer air bag wraps up by cushioning net, and in the spacer plate box being placed in.
Further, also comprise the isolating cylinder base, the isolating cylinder at middle part and the sponge disc at top that are wrapped in car buffer bottom, sponge disc is provided with sponge cap, on described isolating cylinder, has step cutting pattern.
Further, also comprise the two type sponge discs at car buffer top, two type sponge discs are provided with two type sponge caps.
Further, the body by miniature buffer air bag in described spacer plate box is film, and film surface has the housing of reinforcing, and described housing is cell type perforate, round hole or elliptical opening.
Further, the space in described buffering net is divided into three layers by foam-rubber cushion, is respectively upper strata cushion layer, middle level cushion layer and bottom cushion layer, fills miniature buffer air bag in each layer of cushion layer, and described foam-rubber cushion is high-density sponge pad.
Further, miniature buffer air bag in described upper strata cushion layer is one-shot forming, described middle level cushion layer and the miniature buffer air bag in bottom cushion layer first with hot pressing, cold pressing or adhesion technique hemisphere state film and housing is synthetic, then adopt that screw thread or light face are bonding is assembled into complete miniature buffer air bag.
Further, thick than in the cushion layer of middle level of the film of miniature buffer air bag in described bottom cushion layer, thick than in the cushion layer of upper strata of the film of miniature buffer air bag in described middle level cushion layer;
Further, in described upper strata cushion layer the housing of miniature buffer air bag and film be in polyurethane, PVC, TPE, LDPE, polyvinylchloride arbitrarily a kind of or arbitrarily different materials make, in described middle level cushion layer and bottom cushion layer the housing of miniature buffer air bag be in polyurethane, PVC, TPE, LDPE, polyvinylchloride arbitrarily a kind of or arbitrarily different materials make, film is to be made by materials such as silaatics.
Further, described buffering net in cotton synthetic fibre, polyvinyl, terylene, polyethylene any one or arbitrarily different materials silk thread woollen yarn knitting make, mesh is rhombus or square.
Further, described spacer plate box consists of dividing plate and base, and dividing plate is arranged on base, and between dividing plate, by being with reeded attaching parts to connect, described dividing plate has the honeycomb hole of marshalling, and the inscribed circle diameter of honeycomb hole is less than miniature buffer air bag; On described dividing plate, there is reinforced rib; Described dividing plate is by polyurethane material one-shot forming; Described attaching parts (6) is L-type attaching parts, H type attaching parts, double L-shaped attaching parts or double H-type attaching parts; Described dividing plate and attaching parts (6) junction is penetrated by screw rod, and Passscheiben and nut are fixed; The honeycomb hole at screw rod penetrating clapboard place is clogged by honeycomb plug; Described honeycomb plug cross-sectional plane is regular hexagon.
Principle of work of the present invention is: when there is improper, the unexpected elevator pit car view field that crashes into of personnel elevator top, when " impacts " is interior to emergency device, at moment collision buffering net, foam-rubber cushion, miniature buffer air bag.Buffering net and foam-rubber cushion under external force, produce the interior notch distortion with pulling force; Miniature buffer air bag is when being subject to resisting the impact of intensity over self, and bottom spheroid produces physical flexibility distortion, and upper strata cushion layer and the crumple of the miniature buffer air bag spheroid of middle level cushion layer are broken, and the air sealing in spheroid breaks through film; The miniature buffer air bag flexibility of lower floor's cushion layer, elastic deformation.Lose in a large number the buffering buffer air bag of air support separately with pressure, conformal crumple or elasticity and plastic deformation, pulsed delays, subdues " penetration " speed, time and the energy of alluvium; The miniature buffer air bag of crumple constantly superposes, thickens, resistance constantly increases, thereby forms lifesaving, reduce the process of injury.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) filled up elevator and the pendant person of cheating there is no to the blank of fender guard.
(2) mainly with some miniature buffer air bags, bring into play buffering, energy-absorbings, increase drag effect gradually, with plastic deformation and crumple, realize life-saving functions.
(3) be the useful remedial measures of car buffer after malfunctioning under specific circumstances.
(4) emergency device is mainly arranged on car drop shadow spread, is that the pendant person of cheating crashes into the hole main region at the end, can give full play to life-saving functions.
(5) emergency device array configuration is flexible and changeable, adapts to each elevator producer because of the otherness of design, the standard difference various devices of the lift car view field installation site of bringing, and has Applicable scope widely.
(6) miniature buffer air bag is closed spheroid, once the water inlet of elevator car view field, air bag, under the enclosing of buffering net, forms a floating platform relatively, has improved safety factor.
(7) for car buffer, be positioned at the situation of emergency device scope, designed the sponge cap of buffering piston top special use, further improved safety protection range.
(8) what account for maximum volume is miniature buffer air bag, in miniature buffer air bag and between gap be all air, significant to the pendant person of cheating.
(9), for considerable part place in operation or be about to the elevator of place in operation, the present invention does not need original design and structure in lift car view field to modify.
(10) emergency device is statically placed in car view field after installing, and does not need maintenance and power is provided, and has high reliability.
(11) each parts all adopt the material of the stable physical property such as environmental protection, waterproof, weather-proof, withstanding corrosion, antiageing, reproducible utilization to make, and have sustainability.
(12) at current technology and material, can realize, cost is low, be easy to produce and universal.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is cutaway view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the front elevation of isolating cylinder assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the cutaway view of isolating cylinder assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the block diagram of isolating cylinder base of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the front elevation of isolating cylinder of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the cutaway view of isolating cylinder of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the block diagram of sponge disc of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the block diagram of sponge cap of the present invention.
Figure 10 is another kind of block diagram of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of the present invention's two type sponge discs, cap.
Figure 12 is the cutaway view of the present invention's two type sponge discs.
Figure 13 is the cutaway view of the present invention's two type sponge caps.
Figure 14 is the front elevation of the miniature buffer air bag of the present invention.
Figure 15 is the left view of the miniature buffer air bag of the present invention.
Figure 16 is the structural representation of the miniature buffer air bag of the present invention.
Figure 17 is the structural representation of the miniature buffer air bag of upper strata of the present invention cushion layer.
Figure 18 is the structural representation of the miniature buffer air bag of middle level of the present invention and bottom cushion layer.
Figure 19 is the structural representation that the present invention cushions net.
Figure 20 is the structural representation of spacer plate box of the present invention.
Figure 21 is the structural representation of spacer plate box of the present invention.
Figure 22 is the structural representation of dividing plate of the present invention.
Figure 23 is the front elevation of dividing plate of the present invention.
Figure 24 is the left view of this dividing plate.
Figure 25 is the partial schematic diagram of spacer plate box of the present invention.
Figure 26 is the block diagram of L-type attaching parts of the present invention.
Figure 27 is the block diagram of H type attaching parts of the present invention.
Figure 28 is the block diagram of double H-type attaching parts of the present invention.
Figure 29 is the block diagram of the double L-shaped attaching parts of the present invention.
Figure 30 is the block diagram of honeycomb plug of the present invention.
Figure 31 is that spacer plate box of the present invention is arranged on the schematic diagram on body of wall.
Figure 32 is the schematic diagram that survival capsule of the present invention is arranged on elevator pit.
Figure 33 is the schematic diagram that survival capsule of the present invention is arranged on elevator pit.
Wherein: 1-spacer plate box, 11-dividing plate, 12-base, 13-reinforced rib, 2-cushions net, 21-upper strata cushion layer, 22-middle level cushion layer, 23-bottom cushion layer, the miniature buffer air bag of 3-, 31-film, 32-housing, 4-foam-rubber cushion, 5-car buffer, 51 isolating cylinder bases, 52-isolating cylinder, 53-sponge disc.54-sponge cap, 55-bis-type sponge discs.56-bis-type sponge caps, 6-attaching parts, 61-L type attaching parts, 62-H type attaching parts, 63-double H-type attaching parts, the double L-shaped attaching parts of 64-, 71-screw rod, 72-packing ring, 73-nut, 74-honeycomb plug.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with concrete embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is elaborated:
One, survival capsule
A kind of as shown in Fig. 1～2 is placed in the survival capsule that elevator pit is comprised of parts such as miniature buffer air bags, comprises that spacer plate box 1, buffering net 2 and miniature buffer air bag 3 form, and buffering net 2 is wrapped in miniature buffer air bag 3, and is positioned in spacer plate box 1.Space in described buffering net 2 is divided into three layers by foam-rubber cushion 4, is respectively upper strata cushion layer 21, middle level cushion layer 22 and bottom cushion layer 23, fills miniature buffer air bag 3 for every layer.
(1) survival capsule parts:
1, miniature buffer air bag 3(is hereinafter to be referred as " air bag ")
The core component of miniature buffer air bag 3 survival capsules.Air by housing 32, film 31, sealing forms, be exactly by air seal interior, the hollow ball (Figure 15～18) being integrated by housing 32 and film 31:
(1) physical dimension
1. housing 32 diameters are at 60-80mm.
2. the thickness of housing 32 and film 31
Due to the otherness of selection and each layer of air bag requirement of strength, thickness of shell is more than 1mm in principle; Bottom airbag housing is wanted corresponding thickening, at least can bear three kinds of air bags in proportion ulking thickness reach the air bag deadweight of 1.5m.
Film: due to the otherness of selection and each layer of cushion layer air bag requirement of strength, film thickness is value in the requsst listed below: 1. upper strata cushion layer air bag 21, middle level cushion layer air bag 22 spheroids must break because impact energy is deformed into original volume three/bis-o'clock film.2. bottom cushion layer air bag 23 elastic deformations, do not break.
Also can there is because of factors such as height above sea level, temperature, environment the otherness of physical function in housing and film thickness, therefore when design and the selection of material, will take in and adjust.The design does not require that each layer of housing has larger supportive, intensity and film resistanee to rupture.
3. surface of shell is cell type perforate, and number of aperture depends on the diameter of the housing of employing.Consistent for guaranteeing casing rigidity, the distribution of perforate and quantity distribute at surface of shell should be even.Tapping is by the extended membrane sealed of inner walls; Film inside is uninflated air, forms air bag.
(2) connection mode of film thickness and housing, use material and three layers of modes of emplacement, form respectively three kinds of air bags:
1. the air bag of upper strata cushion layer 21
This air bag and film and housing are an integral body, with the processing of same material disposable integral.The airbag housing of upper strata cushion layer has " certain supportive " and intensity, occurs that flexible sex change, crumple are until film breaks under relatively light impact.
2. the air bag of middle level cushion layer 22
This air bag and film is thick compared with top layer air bag, bears after greater impact power, occurs plastic deformation, crumple, film breaks.Housing use with the air bag of upper strata cushion layer 1. same material make, film silaatic more pliable and tougher than housing (for reference, it is more that chemical industry meets the material of operating needs at present) and so on material is made; Film and housing internal circular surfaces are bonding, become the spheroid of sealing.
3. the air bag of bottom cushion layer 23
This air bag is positioned over the bottom of survival capsule, bear air bag own wt that survival capsule the places type that remains unchanged for a long period of time, thus airbag housing and film thicker compared with middle level air bag, bear maximum impact energy, be survival capsule last line of defense.Production method is identical with the air bag of middle level cushion layer with material.
The feature of air bag is: be full of the film spheroid of air, rely on support and the conformal effect of housing, keep complete " bubble " form; The air bag that each is complete is all an independently buffer body; Thousands of obtain support, bound " bubble ", form a large buffer body.Wherein " housings support " refers to: at survival capsule dividing plate height, and when the air bag of each layer placement gross thickness is 1.5m, the air bag that layering is placed, the air bag spheroid in minimum one deck in each layer is indeformable under long-term placement condition, film does not break.
(3) order that air bag is placed
Air bag is pressed bottom cushion layer air bag, middle level cushion layer air bag, this priority order of upper strata cushion layer air bag by three layers of placement at survival capsule.Under " general run of thins ", each air bag is placed by the amount layering that respectively accounts for gross thickness 1/3rd." general run of thins " refers to: according to pit condition, when survival capsule height and air bag ulking thickness are not less than 1.5m.The thickness that miniature buffer air bag is placed depends on the height of the survival capsule dividing plate that pit allows.
(4) manufacture of air bag
Airbag housing is made and is synthesized by two hemisphere.Middle level cushion layer air bag and bottom cushion layer air bag and film part, available hot pressing, cold pressing, the technique such as bonding makes the still inner circle in hemisphere state and housing integrator.With two " hemisphere " housings of film " zoarium ", can adopt that screw thread, light face are bonding is assembled into a complete miniature buffer air bag; Also available other physics, chemical method are integrated two hemisphere, and upper strata buffer air bag can one-shot forming in the situation that technique allows.The requirement of air bag manufacture is: material, formula, the technique that air bag processing adopts will guarantee under long-term placement condition, and airbag housing and film be indeformable, not aging, do not produce large physical property changes.Guarantee that housing does not produce fracture crops for rotation at distortion, film breaks rear housing.
(5) perforate of housing
Housing adopts cell type perforate, also can adopt the perforate of other circle, ellipse and other pass.
(6) manufacture the material of housing and film
The requirements to properties of product by the design on technique, formula such as polyurethane, PVC, TPE, LDPE, polyvinylchloride, silaatic (silaatic glass-fiber-fabric can be used for cushioning net), all can manufacture satisfactory parts.
(7) color of air bag
For ease of in using, distinguish three kinds of air bags, air bag is divided into three kinds of colors: 1. upper strata air bag-yellow; 2. middle level air bag-green; 3. bottom air bag-blueness.
2, buffering net 2 and foam-rubber cushion 4
(1) buffering net 2(Figure 19)
1. can adopt polyamide fibre, polyvinyl, terylene, polyethylene or other material handwork woollen yarn knitting or machinery woollen yarn knitting to make; Mesh is shaped as rhombus or square; The quality of often throwing the net will be less than 15kg, be greater than 8kg(by 1.8mx6m and two kinds of specification measuring and calculating of 4mx6m).Mesh quantity is pressed the square 40mmx40mm of each mesh with interior specifications control.Manufacture and quality loop requirement execution to " plain net " safety factor by " State Standard of the People's Republic of China GB5725-2009 safety net ".Plain net is wanted to bear after the human-like sand hill impact of simulation that heavily 100kg, floor space are 2800cm2, and nettle does not rupture; During shock height 10m, maximum stretch ratio is no more than 1.5m.
2. for reducing production costs, can adopt in market buying pattern.Have in the market according to " GB GB5725-2009 " and produce the building safety plain net that is exclusively used in protection tenesmus people; properties of product and quality can reach environmental protection, pliable and tough, weather-proof, ageing-resistant, withstanding corrosion, shock resistance, the standard such as fire-retardant, meet operating needs of the present invention.More than safety net (plain net) the fabric width 1m to 1.8m that sell in market, every volume length 6m to 30m is not above etc.
4. cushion the effect of net 2:
Make air bag in survival capsule form an integral body of being lived by the string bag.The one, when survival capsule is subject to dropping thing impact, in cabin, other parts still have the pooling feature to other tenesmus thing; The 2nd, when pit water inlet, in cabin, the whole floating of air bag, has floating platform function.When buffering net is subject to dropping thing impact, self produces and there is caving in of pulling force buffering, can slow down certain impact energy.
(2) foam-rubber cushion 4(Fig. 2)
Because sponge has the characteristic of water suction, for avoiding pit water inlet may bring unfavorable factor, the present invention uses high-density sponge selectively, and (1 cubic meter weight is more than 45 kilograms.Hereinafter to be referred as sponge).Foam-rubber cushion thickness is advisable at 20mm.Blocked up augmented airbag pressure, may be unfavorable for its physical stability.Foam-rubber cushion must not be placed in bottom cushion layer air bag bottom.
The effect of foam-rubber cushion: 1. to upper, in, the three layers of cushion layer air bag in the end do flexible the separation; 2. cushion rubber; 3. the thing that drops obtains flexible contact.
3, dividing plate 11(Figure 20～24)
1. physical dimension reference value is that long 2,000mm is high by 1,000m, thick 60mm.The thick 2mm of middle reinforcement.When being installed, survival capsule cuts according to actual needs.
2. plate body is " order " font widening, and centre three is horizontal is exactly reinforced rib 13.
3. plate face is that (honeycomb perforate one is to maximize to save material, the 2nd, relatively improves intensity in cell type perforate.The design does not get rid of other shape perforate of employing, but perforate must not be greater than air bag diameter).
4. dividing plate can be made of materials such as polyurethane, can one-shot forming.
5. dividing plate transverse strength can guarantee that survival capsule fills after air bag indeformable.Run in vertical direction compared with thump and can follow air bag crumple.
The effect of dividing plate is exactly that the space of other parts of elevator pit and car projection is kept apart; Dividing plate setting height(from bottom) must not be higher than compression buffer behind the improper pendant of car hole " at the bottom of seat " to height at the bottom of the railway carriage or compartment of lowest limit.
4, isolating cylinder assembly.(Fig. 3～13)
These parts are isolating cylinder base 51, isolating cylinder 52, sponge disc 53 and sponge cap 54.
1. isolating cylinder base: these parts are upper and lower two column isolating cylinder combinations.On base, " cylinder " internal diameter is greater than isolating cylinder stack shell external diameter 1., and " lower cylinder " external diameter doubles " upper cylinder " external diameter." upper cylinder " is for filling isolating cylinder stack shell; " lower cylinder " is for " covering " car buffer base.
2. isolating cylinder: stack shell wall thickness 3mm, the book 1mm of place.Cylinder backs down hole, is with a step cutting pattern, for sponge disc is installed; Cylindrical shell can be put into holes on base.
3. sponge disc: 1.5 times of sponge disc internal diameters are to isolating cylinder external diameter.Long mouthful is matchedly connected with isolation tube length mouth, places a monoblock according to the cavernous body of dish mouthful size cutting in cylindrical plate.
4. sponge cap: be that a thickness reaches circular sponge more than 200mm.
5. the effect of isolating cylinder assembly:
Isolating cylinder stack shell is for the isolation of car buffer and miniature buffer air bag, especially more necessary for spring bumper.Sponge disc and cavernous body, while crashing into pit for personnel, reduce the injury of buffering piston top to the pendant person of cheating.
5, two type sponge discs 55 and two type sponge caps 56.
Two type sponge discs are one " cap " shape disk body, directly give buffering piston top " attach the names of pre-determined candidates " (figure) during installation; Sponge cap is an isolation tubular, is directly buckled on sponge disc, and thickness is (figure) between 200-300mm.When two type sponge discs, two type sponge caps can not be used mainly for isolating cylinder assembly, be directly installed on buffering piston top.
6, attaching parts 6(Figure 26～30)
This is the link that survival capsule dividing plate is installed, and the material of attaching parts is identical with dividing plate, and attaching parts has:
1. base 12, and this part can be installed on pit ground or metope, for stationary barrier at ground and body of wall.These part groove both sides can drill through with center bit together with dividing plate, honeycomb plug, with the bolt of long stem of diameter 8mm to 12mm, through packing ring, tighten fixing.With several screw rods, nut, according to scene, need to determine, as long as guarantee dividing plate setting height(from bottom) and intensity enough.
2. L-type attaching parts 61, for two dividing plate two ends, need right angle to connect use, and method of attachment is with 1. same.
3. 62, two dividing plates of H type attaching parts need this connector of lengthening on same straight line.Method of attachment is with 1. same.
When 4. two 63, four dividing plates of H attaching parts (need to increase, lengthen) are the connection of sphere of movements for the elephants type, for the straight line connection at right-angled crossing place.Method of attachment is with 1. same.
5. double L-shaped attaching parts 64, dividing plate is increased, the connection of corner, method of attachment with 1. with.
6. dividing plate is installed honeycomb plug 74, profile is six stupefied columns, cross section is hexahedron, length 6mm, mates with dividing plate honeycomb hole, during assemble in diaphragm, must first determine attaching parts bolt aperture position, then plug is put into this position dividing plate honeycomb hole (attaching parts bolt installing drill hole site), now attaching parts and plug can be drilled through and install, guarantee to install firmly.
7, attaching parts accessory (Figure 25)
For reducing production costs, section connecting element accessory of the present invention adopts market gauge member on sale:
1. loose-leaf: general loose-leaf.Be mainly used in two to need the connection of free angle between upper spacer.Installation method is identical with " attaching parts 1. ", also can be used for if desired effective connection at metope, ground or other position.
2. screw rod 71: can select diameter 8mm to 12mm, length to surpass the metal screw of block board thickness+nut thickness+2 gasket thickness.For attaching parts, loose-leaf and dividing plate or dividing plate and metope, ground or other effective connection of (isolating cylinder base and ground) partly.
3. nut 73: specification and screw rod are supporting, are used in conjunction with screw rod, and material and screw rod are same.
4. packing ring 72: with 2. 3. support the use, material is identical.
5. expansion bolt: can select the above specification of diameter 8mm, for the installation of base, wall connecting piece, isolating cylinder base.
Note: according to usage condition and requirement, 1. 2. 3. 4. can strengthen physical dimension.
8, attaching parts in assembling with the annexation of dividing plate.
(2) installation of survival capsule (Figure 31～33)
The elevator components that current elevator enters pit mainly contains car guide rail, counter weight guide track, counterweight, cable, counterweight buffer, balanced compensated chain etc., all along elevator car projection outer, arrange, therefore within the area of conter of car, be exactly the installation region of survival capsule.
1, mounting condition
1. survival capsule needs vertical space more than 0.5m.Elevator pit ground, surprisingly drops at car, and while compressing car buffer to end position, the vertical dimension with the minimum position of car, is not less than 0.5m.The present invention utilizes this space more than height.Survival capsule dividing plate optimal spatial height of the present invention should be more than 1m.The vertical space that survival capsule is installed meets the regulation that GB GB7588-2003 (5.7.3.3b) " is not less than 0.5m to the free vertical distance at the bottom of pit and between the minimum parts of car ".
2. elevator pit, in car drop shadow spread, except car buffer, is not installed other device that affects survival capsule function.If any, need to separate with dividing plate.
3. the ground of survival capsule is installed wants firmly, can bear the static load of 4 times of car gr.wt.s by GB requirement.
4. pit can not have the object that affects the ponding of survival capsule function or non-elevator pit indispensability.
While 5. survival capsule being installed, do not require that every one side of cabin body all will enclose with dividing plate.Be positioned at the normal work of other device of pit and the safe range allowing in national standard not affecting elevator, can utilize the elevator borehole wall to be used as " dividing plate ".Therefore survival capsule can adopt: A. whole baffle form, b. part dividing plate form, C. are without dividing plate form.
6. as occurred that cable has influence on the situation of car drop shadow spread, the partition position of survival capsule must reserve safety distance with cable.
2, erection procedure:
Refuge chamber type has (Fig. 1-3) such as " mouth " type, " going back to " type, " L " type, " mouthful mouth " type, prismatics.No matter which kind of moulding, prerequisite is to suit measures to local conditions, and to greatest extent, maximum area ground performance survival capsule function, increases the space of placing miniature buffer air bag.
The first step: dividing plate (" mouth " type cabin type of take is example) is installed
Design dividing plate and isolating cylinder installation site, determine cabin type.(cabin type selects to see figure)
With plummet pit locate and mark can installation region planar view, cut dividing plate.
With attaching parts and attaching parts accessory, carry out dividing plate, isolating cylinder assembling.Attaching parts is selected.
Second step: isolating cylinder is installed
Installation steps 1: according to the physical dimension of car buffer, choose each parts of isolating cylinder that meet usage condition.
Installation steps 2:
Mounting seat, covers car buffer base, and expansion bolt is installed.Isolating cylinder is put into cylinder on base.Sponge disc is installed, and sponge disc inner bayonet engages with isolating cylinder outer bayonet.Placement meets the sponge cap of sponge disc size and usage condition.
The 3rd step: place buffering net:
Cut the wide buffering net right-angled crossing in two width and limit, cabin and be laid on the bilge, and extend to out of my cabin (length of prolongation enough covers on-deck with right-angled crossing again after air bag installs).If car buffer is positioned at cabin, buffering net need reserve the mesh suitable with isolating cylinder area of conter and repave the end, allows isolating cylinder " pass " buffering net.
The 3rd step: place buffer air bag and sponge bed course:
1. installing bottom layer cushion layer air bag, installs foam-rubber cushion (foam-rubber cushion area is identical with cabin inner area); 2. middle level cushion layer air bag is installed, foam-rubber cushion is installed; 3. upper strata cushion layer air bag is installed, foam-rubber cushion is installed.
The 4th step: buffering net intersects and covers, prolongs buffering net outside deliver from vault and take right-angled crossing and cover buffer air bag plane (will be the reserved mesh of sponge disc before covering), and the process of deployment of buffering net, similar in appearance to from " ∪ " to " mouth ".
The 5th step: sponge disc and sponge cap are installed.
(3) in the time of isolating cylinder assembly can not being installed in survival capsule, available " two type sponge discs, cap ".(figure)
3, explanation
1. the present invention, under any condition, must install buffering net on request.
If 2. car buffer is positioned at cabin, need first isolating cylinder base, stack shell to be installed.
3. due to the otherness of the elevator pit degree of depth and elevator design, when GB is only stipulated car compression buffer to end position, car bottom nadir is apart from the minimum altitude (seeing GB) on pit ground.Some pits are deep, and car buffer also will be increased pedestal, are arranged on firm solid pile pier, and this situation is particularly conducive to increases survival capsule dividing plate, holds more buffer air bag, increase cushion space.Several attaching partss of the present invention design for this reason.
4. when car buffer is placed in the middle position of car projection, dividing plate is arranged and is installed by the region of plumbing, but dividing plate height must not be sat base compression energy disperser to the height at the bottom of the railway carriage or compartment of the limit and pit ground higher than car.
5. all survival capsule parts drawings are not indicated chamfering parts, all do the processing of falling R.
Two, feasibility of the present invention and reality need
(1) feasibility
1,, by retrieval, also there is no in the world at present the patent identical with the present invention.The design has uniqueness.
2, rationally utilize the space of elevator pit:
1. the core of take carries 1000kg car as example, and pit can be used for installing survival capsule with regard to the area of 2.6 sq ms of having an appointment, and lifesaving area can hold 15 people that stand.
According to GB (GB7588-2003) 8.2.1 " table 1 " regulation, the elevator of nominal payload 1000kg, the maximum payload space of car is 2.40 sq ms.Press 8.2.3 " table 2 " regulation, the car of 2.40 sq ms can be taken advantage of 15 people.Car adds body of wall
Thickness, actual area of conter approximately 3 sq ms.Suppose car buffer area of conter approximately 0.4 sq m, also have the area of 2.6 sq ms that survival capsule is installed.
2. due to the free space laterally and in vertical direction, make use of the present invention possess pacing factor.
The effect one of pit is that related device is installed, the 2nd, at the bottom of car crouching out of control, when (or claiming 〝 to sit end 〞), there is a cushion space, and the 3rd, facilitate repairman to overhaul.With GB GB/T7025.2-2008/ISO4190-2:2001, the IV class elevator of take is example, in standard pit depth minimum be 1400mm, be up to 2400mm, dark 1600-1800mm's is in the majority.This standard provides the space in vertical direction for use of the present invention.The at present use of elevator pit design in the world, enters the compartment system, counterweight system, electric power system of elevator pit along borehole wall setting; The elevator pit that has significant proportion does not have other device, for use of the present invention provides the space within the scope of transverse projection in car drop shadow spread except energy disperser.
3. survival capsule is mounted in car drop shadow spread, so lifesaving probability is large.
The projecting plane of car in pit, wide place is greater than the width of layer door between car and floor.When personnel are unexpected while crashing into pit from floor, fall in car drop shadow spread probability much larger than the region outside drop shadow spread.At core, carry the elevator pit of 1000kg, survival capsule lifesaving area at least can hold 15 people that stand.
4. there is more elevator pit design, give and the invention provides larger usage space.
A large amount of miniature cushion gass are placed in survival capsule layering.If the air bag of diameter 60mm is regarded as to a 216cm
3cube, 1m
3space in can place in theory and be greater than 4629.6 air bags.According to GB GB7588-2003 < < elevator, manufacture and safety standard > > is installed, when car is pressed on energy disperser completely, pit must have enough spaces, the size in this space is can hold a cuboid that is not less than 0.50m * 0.60m * 1.0m, by GB Minimum Acceptable Value, this cuboid that can hold in pit can be placed 1388, the air bag of diameter 60mm, even by this Minimum Acceptable Value configuration air bag, the injury that also effectively minimizing personnel fall.The design of elevator shaft bottom defect subspaces height at present, does not generally adopt such Minimum Acceptable Value, but strengthens spatial design, and vacating space is to maintainer (as IV class elevator GB GB/T7025.2-2008/ISO4190-2:2001) more.
(2) needs of reality
For installation, reduce or avoid personnel directly to crash into the safety device of pit, having objective reality demand.According to retrieval, can see, at present in elevator personal injury accident, personnel are unexpected directly to be crashed into the injury accident that pit causes and occupies certain proportion, and each accident is either dead or wounded, and none is escaped by luck.Deep and serene elevator pit, in contingency, come interim, to party concerned just as bottomless chasm.Only 2013, China's Mainland belongs to the report that personnel surprisingly crash into elevator pit just several, added report not, and this numeral can be larger.
The manned cargo-carrying car of the provisional electric up-down that building enterprise is used, in situation with good conditionsi, the present invention that also can correspondingly suit measures to local conditions to use flexibly of its bottom, improves safety factor.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is placed in the survival capsule that elevator pit is comprised of parts such as miniature buffer air bags, it is characterized in that: described emergency device comprises and is arranged on car view field spacer plate box (1), buffering net (2) and miniature buffer air bag (3), described miniature buffer air bag (3) is wrapped up by buffering net (2), and in the spacer plate box being placed in (1).
2. a kind of survival capsule that elevator pit is comprised of parts such as miniature buffer air bags that is placed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise the isolating cylinder base (51), the isolating cylinder (52) at middle part and the sponge disc (53) at top that are wrapped in car buffer (5) bottom, sponge disc (53) is provided with sponge cap (54), and described isolating cylinder has step cutting pattern on (52).
3. a kind of survival capsule that elevator pit is comprised of parts such as miniature buffer air bags that is placed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise the two type sponge discs (55) at car buffer (5) top, two type sponge discs (55) are provided with two type sponge caps (56).
4. a kind of survival capsule that elevator pit is comprised of parts such as miniature buffer air bags that is placed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the body by miniature buffer air bag (3) in described spacer plate box (1) is film (31), there is the housing (32) of reinforcing on film (31) surface, and described housing (32) is cell type perforate, round hole or elliptical opening.
5. a kind of survival capsule that elevator pit is comprised of parts such as miniature buffer air bags that is placed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the space in described buffering net (2) is divided into three layers by foam-rubber cushion (4), be respectively upper strata cushion layer (21), middle level cushion layer (22) and bottom cushion layer (23), in each layer of cushion layer, fill miniature buffer air bag (3), described foam-rubber cushion (4) is high-density sponge pad.
6. a kind of survival capsule that elevator pit is comprised of parts such as miniature buffer air bags that is placed according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the miniature buffer air bag (3) in described upper strata cushion layer (21) is one-shot forming, miniature buffer air bag (3) in described middle level cushion layer (22) and bottom cushion layer (23) first with hot pressing, cold pressing or adhesion technique synthesizes hemisphere state film (31) and housing (32), then adopt that screw thread or light face are bonding is assembled into complete miniature buffer air bag (3).
7. according to a kind of described in claim 4 and 5, be placed in the survival capsule that elevator pit is comprised of parts such as miniature buffer air bags, it is characterized in that: in described bottom cushion layer (23), the film (31) of miniature buffer air bag (3) is than interior thick of middle level cushion layer (22), and the film (31) of the described interior miniature buffer air bag (3) of middle level cushion layer (22) is than interior thick of upper strata cushion layer (21).
8. according to a kind of described in claim 4 and 5, be placed in the survival capsule that elevator pit is comprised of parts such as miniature buffer air bags, it is characterized in that: in described upper strata cushion layer (21), housing (32) and the film (31) of miniature buffer air bag (3) are by polyurethane, PVC, TPE, LDPE, in polyvinylchloride arbitrarily a kind of or arbitrarily different materials make, in described middle level cushion layer (22) and bottom cushion layer (23), the housing (32) of miniature buffer air bag (3) is by polyurethane, PVC, TPE, LDPE, in polyvinylchloride arbitrarily a kind of or arbitrarily different materials make, film (31) is to be made by materials such as silaatics.
9. a kind of survival capsule that elevator pit is comprised of parts such as miniature buffer air bags that is placed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described buffering net (2) in cotton synthetic fibre, polyvinyl, terylene, polyethylene any one or arbitrarily different materials silk thread woollen yarn knitting make, mesh is rhombus or square.
10. a kind of survival capsule that elevator pit is comprised of parts such as miniature buffer air bags that is placed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described spacer plate box (1) consists of dividing plate (11) and base (12), dividing plate (11) is arranged on base (12), between dividing plate (11) by being with reeded attaching parts (6) to connect, described dividing plate (11) has the honeycomb hole of marshalling, and the inscribed circle diameter of honeycomb hole is less than miniature buffer air bag (3); On described dividing plate (11), there is reinforced rib (111); Described dividing plate (11) is by polyurethane material one-shot forming; Described attaching parts (6) is L-type attaching parts (61), H type attaching parts (62), double L-shaped attaching parts (64) or double H-type attaching parts (63); Described dividing plate (11) and attaching parts (6) junction are penetrated by screw rod (71), and Passscheiben (72) and nut (73) are fixing; The honeycomb hole that screw rod (71) penetrating clapboard (11) is located is clogged by honeycomb plug (74); Described honeycomb plug cross-sectional plane is regular hexagon.
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| CN105314494A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-02-10 | 天津市沃德美嘉科技有限公司 | Elevator anti-falling protection device |
| CN106241542A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-12-21 | 杨雯凯 | A kind of lifesaving appliance being placed in elevator pit |
| CN107010508A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-08-04 | 衢州市依科达节能技术有限公司 | A kind of aqueous vapor buffers elevator |
| WO2018179271A1 (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2018-10-04 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Buffer cap for elevator |
| CN112320530A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-02-05 | 博仕通电梯有限公司 | Elevator pit safety maintenance device |
| CN114961582A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-08-30 | 江南大学 | Automatic drilling device and method for elevator shaft |
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| CN105314494A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-02-10 | 天津市沃德美嘉科技有限公司 | Elevator anti-falling protection device |
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| WO2018179271A1 (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2018-10-04 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Buffer cap for elevator |
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| CN112320530A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-02-05 | 博仕通电梯有限公司 | Elevator pit safety maintenance device |
| CN114961582A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-08-30 | 江南大学 | Automatic drilling device and method for elevator shaft |
| CN114961582B (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2023-03-14 | 无锡瑞吉德机械有限公司 | Automatic drilling device and method for elevator shaft |
| CN116240929A (en) * | 2023-04-18 | 2023-06-09 | 重庆大学 | Scour-resistant energy dissipation and ecological protection structure for offshore wind turbine single pile foundation |
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