Increase filtered electrical excitation biconvex electrode DC generator in magnetic boosting
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of generators, relate to special power generator, filtered electrical excitation biconvex electrode DC generator in the boosting of especially a kind of increasing magnetic.
Background technology
The stators and rotators of electric excitation biconvex electrode electric machine is salient-pole structure, belongs to and becomes magnetic resistance class motor.Electric excitation biconvex electrode electric machine (patent No. ZL99114250.0) does not need rotor-position sensor and power inverter, system reliability is high, adopt multi-polar structure and double-stator structure, power density and the efficiency of motor can be improved further, have large application prospect.When electric excitation biconvex electrode electric machine is used as DC generator, the star-like connection of phase winding, and export direct current by full-bridge rectifier.By the impact of the factors such as phase winding inductance and the commutation of full-bridge rectifier diode, the output voltage of the double-salient-pole generator of full-bridge rectifier is used to increase with load and decline, common power consumption equipment always wishes that supply power voltage remains unchanged, generator excitation regulating system keeps terminal voltage constant by increasing exciting current, thus adds the excitation loss of excitation system; Meanwhile, for electric excitation biconvex electrode electric machine, due to the impact of salient pole slot effect, during as motor running, torque pulsation is larger; During as generator operation, also there is output dc voltage and to pulse large defect, this strongly limits the application of double salient-pole electric machine in wide rotating speed running status especially low cruise, large-power occasions; In addition, Fielding-winding doubly salient generator is used in wide rotating speed running status, particularly comparatively large and change violent occasion, when successive load is power-converting device in rotating speed no-load voltage ratio, on the winding construction of tradition star-delta connection, transient peak voltage is higher, easily destroys insulation.Therefore, from the basic electromagnetic characteristic of electric excitation biconvex electrode electric machine, the electric excitation biconvex electrode electric machine DC generator with filtering in low-voltage regulation, low excitation loss, the boosting of harmonic pulsation is little, winding insulation is simple and reliable increasing magnetic is proposed, as original intention of the present invention.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, propose one and there is low-voltage regulation and low excitation loss, there is boosting, interior filter effect simultaneously, insulate the boosting of increasing magnetic reliable in filtered electrical excitation biconvex electrode DC generator.DC generator of the present invention, be made up of Fielding-winding doubly salient generator, diode and electric capacity, wherein the basic structure of Fielding-winding doubly salient generator is: stator and rotor are salient pole tooth slot structure, stators and rotators iron core forms by silicon steel plate stacking, on stator except concentrated armature winding is housed, also have excitation winding, the windings in series on the stator tooth that space is relative forms a phase, without winding on rotor.Filtered electrical excitation biconvex electrode DC generator in the boosting of this increasing magnetic, include excitation winding, Fielding-winding doubly salient generator that stator core, phase winding, rotor core, rotor connecting axle are formed, diode and electric capacity, the phase winding of Fielding-winding doubly salient generator is terminal open circuit structure, forms separately independently three phase modes.The positive direction of phase winding electromotive force and magnetic flux positive direction meet positive right-handed helix relation, and the positive direction of phase winding electromotive force points to the anode of winding.Each phase winding is independent separately draws through wire, and the anode of every phase winding or negative terminal connect the male or female of diode respectively, and every phase connects a filter capacitor again, draws through wire.Three independently rectifying and wave-filtering part connect successively according to by positive-negative relationship again, the negative or positive electrode as DC generator uses.The negative or positive electrode of DC generator connects positive pole and the negative pole of load respectively, to load supplying.Regulate the size of exciting current, i.e. the output voltage of adjustable DC generator, thus keep the constant of output voltage.
DC generator of the present invention, its principle realized is: the phase winding magnetic linkage of Fielding-winding doubly salient generator is relevant with rotor-position, when rotor pole slips into stator poles, unloaded magnetic linkage increases, and winding induces negative electromotive force, if this stage generator powers to the load, from Lenz's law, the magnetic linkage that load current produces stops unloaded magnetic linkage to increase, and is degaussing armature reaction, causes electromotive force to reduce; When rotor pole skids off stator poles, unloaded magnetic linkage reduces, and winding induces positive electromotive force.If this stage generator powers to the load, from Lenz's law, the magnetic linkage that load current produces stops the reduction of unloaded magnetic linkage, for increasing magnetic armature reaction, causes electromotive force to raise.Skid off the stage of stator poles to load supplying at rotor pole, utilize increasing magnetic armature to react the loss of voltage offset or weaken the factor such as phase winding inductance and the commutation of full-bridge rectifier diode and cause, thus reduce voltage regulation and the excitation loss of generator.Common rectification type DC generator output voltage, can according to the all-wave of star delta connection or halfwave rectifier relation, its DC output end voltage U 0 can be reduced to the product of every phase winding voltage and a certain coefficient, the direct current of DC generator of the present invention export be to three independently winding carry out rectification superposition, thus output dc voltage is that 3 of every commutating phase voltage is accompanied, and forms obvious pressurized effect to independent phase voltage.Simultaneously in voltage superposition process, because generator three-phase windings is in space mutual deviation 120 degree distribution, commutation rectification superposes, and the filter effect using the inherent restriction relation of winding to be formed, reduces current harmonics, reduce mains ripple.When little exciting current work, motor magnetic circuit is unsaturated, and the electromotive force elevation amplitude increasing magnetic armature reaction generation increases with the increase of load; When large exciting current work, motor saturation effects, with the increase of load, increase the electromotive force elevation amplitude reduction that magnetic armature reaction produces, but simultaneously due to saturation effects, the loss of voltage also all corresponding reduction caused in phase winding inductance and diode commutation process, so under different exciting electric current, system has low voltage regulation and excitation loss, has widened the occasion used.Particularly in the load of coupling power converter type; because phase winding every under identical VD has obviously low voltage; thus when solving power electronic device and returning the high order harmonic component peak voltage penetrating group of unrolling; because fundamental voltage obviously reduces; the peak voltage produced because of winding inductance is reduced greatly, protects the insulation of generator.Be applicable to all version of electric excitation biconvex electrode electric machine of the different number of phases.
DC generator of the present invention compared with prior art, the basic electromagnetic characteristic from electric excitation biconvex electrode electric machine and rectification characteristic combine, the increasing magnetic armature of load is utilized to react the voltage regulation and the excitation loss that reduce motor, the electric current increasing magnetic armature reaction is load current, does not increase excess loss; Utilize the commutation rectification superposition of the spatial relationship of winding to eliminate current harmonics, reduce VD ripple and pulsation, thus improve performance and the efficiency of DC generator; Use winding open-circuit structure to connect, realize high output voltage with lower input phase voltage, expanded the scope of application.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the DC generator winding switching figure of three-phase wye connection full-wave rectification;
Fig. 2 is three-phase structure electric excitation biconvex electrode DC generator sectional view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the DC generator winding switching figure that the present invention increases filtered electrical excitation biconvex electrode in magnetic boosting.
In figure, 1, excitation winding, 2, stator core, 3, phase winding, 4, rotor core, 5, rotor connecting axle, if+ represents the anode of excitation winding, if-represents the negative terminal of excitation winding, A is A phase winding, B is B phase winding, C is C phase winding, A+ represents the anode of A phase winding, A-represents the negative terminal of A phase winding, B+ represents the anode of B phase winding, B-represents the negative terminal of B phase winding, C+ represents the anode of C phase winding, C-represents the negative terminal of C phase winding, D1 ~ D6 is full-wave rectification diode, Da, Db, Dc is the diode increasing filtered electrical excitation biconvex electrode DC generator in magnetic boosting, Ca, Cb, Cc is respectively A, B, the commutation capacitor of C three-phase, ※ represents the Same Name of Ends of three-phase windings, Z is load, Uo is VD.
Embodiment
With reference to accompanying drawing, filtered electrical excitation biconvex electrode DC generator in the boosting of this increasing magnetic, include excitation winding 1, stator core 2, phase winding 3, rotor core 4, the Fielding-winding doubly salient generator that rotor connecting axle 5 is formed, diode and electric capacity, this Fielding-winding doubly salient generator three-phase windings A, B, C is terminal open circuit winding, the positive direction of phase winding electromotive force and magnetic flux positive direction meet positive right-handed helix relation, the positive direction of phase winding electromotive force points to the anode of winding, each phase winding, respective independence connects diode and electric capacity respectively, draw through wire, the Same Name of Ends of every phase winding connects the anode of diode respectively, the negative electrode of diode connects the positive pole of electric capacity, the negative pole of another termination capacitor of every phase winding, three independently rectifying and wave-filtering part connect the positive pole of B phase electric capacity Cb more successively according to the negative pole of A phase electric capacity Ca according to the positive-negative relationship by electric capacity, the negative pole of B phase electric capacity Cb connects the positive pole of C phase electric capacity Cc, wire is connect from the negative pole of the positive pole of electric capacity Ca and electric capacity Cc after series connection, negative or positive electrode as DC generator uses.
Because filtered electrical excitation biconvex electrode DC generator structure is similar to 3 phase 6/4 structure electric excitation biconvex electrode electric machines in the boosting of different number of phases different structure form increasing magnetic, with 3 phase 6/4 structure electric excitation biconvex electrode electric machines, concrete execution mode is described below.DC generator of the present invention, the 3 phase 6/4 structure electric excitation biconvex electrode electric machines related to as shown in Figure 2.Exciting current if+ flows into, and flows out from the negative terminal if-of excitation winding, produces magnetic flux from left to right in excitation winding inside.If electric current flows out from the anode of A, B, C three-phase windings, negative terminal flows into, and produces load magnetic flux from left to right in winding inside, consistent with magnetic flux.Negative terminal A-, B-, C-of A, B, C three-phase windings are independent separately, and the negative terminal meeting electric capacity Ca, Cb, Cc is respectively drawn through wire, anode A+, B+, C+ of A, B, C three-phase windings connect the anode of diode Da, Db, Dc respectively, the negative electrode of Da, Db, Dc is connected respectively to the anode of Ca, Cb, Cc, the negative terminal of Ca and the anode of Cb are connected, again the negative terminal of Cb and the anode of Cc are connected, connect wire respectively from the anode of Ca and the negative terminal of Cc and draw, do the positive pole of DC generator, negative pole uses.The positive pole of DC generator and negative pole connect positive pole and the negative pole of load Z respectively, to load supplying.As shown in Figure 3.Regulate the size of exciting current if, i.e. the output voltage U0 of adjustable biconvex electrode electromotor for magnetic enhancing power generation excitation magnetism, thus keep output voltage U0 constant.Filtered electrical excitation biconvex electrode DC generator in increasing magnetic boosting of the present invention, the phase winding magnetic linkage of the 3 phase 6/4 structure electric excitation biconvex electrodes related to is relevant with rotor-position, is 0 degree of electrical degree, i.e. position shown in Fig. 2 when definition rotor pole aligns with A phase stator poles.Interval [ 0 degree of electrical degree-120 spends electrical degree ], when rotor pole skids off A phase stator poles, the unloaded magnetic linkage of A phase reduces, and winding induces positive electromotive force, and the voltage between the anode of A diode phase Da and negative electrode is just, Da conducting, A phase winding electric current flows out from A+ end, and flow into from A-end, the armature field of generation is consistent with excitation field direction, increase the magnetic linkage of A phase winding linkage, thus improve A phase winding electromotive force.The recruitment of winding electromotive force can be similar to the loss of voltage of offsetting the factor such as phase winding inductance and full-bridge rectifier diode steering and causing, output voltage Uo declines few, the output voltage Uo that makes reasonable in design remains unchanged substantially, spend electrical degree 120 degree of electrical degrees-240 interval, be rotor under A phase stator poles, the unloaded magnetic linkage of A phase is substantially constant, winding induced potential is close to 0, voltage between the anode of A diode phase Da and negative electrode is negative, and Da ends, and A phase winding does not have electric current; Spend electrical degree 240 degree of electrical degrees-360 interval, when rotor pole slips into A phase stator poles, the unloaded magnetic linkage of A phase increases, and winding induces negative electromotive force, and the voltage between the anode of A diode phase Da and negative electrode is negative, and Da ends, and A phase winding does not have electric current.When rotor forwards 360 degree of electrical degrees to, next cycle starts.The operation principle of B phase, C phase is identical with A phase, and the time is delayed 120 degree of electrical degrees and 240 degree of electrical degrees respectively, as shown in Figure 2.Filtered electrical excitation biconvex electrode DC generator in increasing magnetic boosting of the present invention, three-phase windings A, B, C of relating to, when exporting, first respective rectifier diode Da, Db, Dc and electric capacity Ca, Cb, Cc is connected to, each forms an independently rectification unit mutually, superposed by the DC series of three unit, form the output voltage Uo of boosting, as shown in Figure 3.Filtered electrical excitation biconvex electrode DC generator in increasing magnetic boosting of the present invention, the every phase output voltage related to, after every mutually independent rectification unit, various high order harmonic component composition obtains larger decay, simultaneously because three-phase windings A, B, C be that 120 degree of electrical degrees distribute in space, as shown in Figure 2, like this, direct voltage removes certain phase angle successively, then superposes, and reaches the object of Modulating Power factor and harmonic carcellation.