CN103683594B - Electric rotating machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides the electric rotating machine that the firm and efficiency imbedding Magnmet rotor that have employed I type is high.The electric rotating machine of the present invention has constructed as below, i.e. at the outer peripheral portion fixed magnetic pole sheet of the cartridge of nonmagnetic material, and be configured with permanent magnet between adjacent pole piece.

Description

Electric rotating machine

Technical field

The present invention relates to the electric rotating machine such as motor, electromotor.

Background technology

Relevant to the greenhouse effect phenomenon of earth scale, expect the high efficiency of the electric rotating machine such as motor, electromotor Change promoting as suppression greenhouse effect of the vehicle electric caused by electric rotating machine with small-sized high pulling torque Effective method.Motor is referred to as the rice of industry, and about the 70% of the power consumption of factory is caused by motor. Therefore, only the efficiency of motor is improved several percentage points, it becomes possible to expectation saving is sent out with hundreds of thousands kW level The effect of the energy that electricity is suitable.

On the other hand, as transportation department greenhouse effect suppress method, enumerate each portion of automobile motorized, HEV(Hybrid Electric Vehicle) or EV(Electric Vehicle) etc. environment correspondence automobile Universal.Such as HEV compares more conventional gasoline car and oil consumption halves such that it is able to CO is greatly reduced₂ Output.It addition, as an example of vehicle electric, if electronic-controlled power steering is driven from conventional hydraulic pressure The dynamic motor that is changed to drives, then due to idle stop effect raising 3～5% fuel availability such that it is able to subtract Few CO₂Output.

The rare earth element magnets such as neodium magnet that electric rotating machine is used, samarium cobalt magnet compare the ferrum oxygen relatively in the past used Magnet body and about there is the relict flux density of three times such that it is able to play powerful captivation.Therefore, closely Several years, with the strong vapour motor for automobile of the requirement of small-sized high pulling torque, the compressor that requires the air-conditioning of energy-efficient Centered by motor etc., use Magnmet rotor (the Permanent Magnet employing these rare earth element magnets Rotor), thus obtained bigger effect.

But, the material of these rare earth element magnets is referred to as minor metals (rare earth), reserve and ferrum, aluminum Comparing seldom Deng base metal, the place of excavation is the most restricted.Therefore, compared with conventional ferrite magnet The amount of money is the highest.According to such background, rare earth element magnet is to realize the high efficiency of electric rotating machine and small-sized The effective material of high pulling torque, on the other hand, in order to provide the electric rotating machine of low price, does not use rare earth Class Magnet, and activate and be intended to realize the action of equal motor performance.

In technology described in following patent documentation 1, use that retentivity is little but ferrite that weight unit price is cheap Magnet, as the method producing the captivation equal with neodium magnet, uses I type embedment Magnmet rotor.

Technology described in following patent documentation 2 discloses following structure, i.e. as to by magnetic gold Belong to the mechanism that the cylinder 2a embedment constituted has the revolving part of permanent magnet 5a and 5b to be fixed, make With cylinder 4.

Prior art literature

Patent documentation 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2010-183684 publication

Patent documentation 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2011-239650 publication

In technology described in above-mentioned patent documentation 1, use resin as the mechanism of fixed magnetic pole.But, For being constructed by the rotor of resin support pole piece and Magnet, the viewpoint of intensity cannot be born bigger Counteracting force.It addition, use environment severe in the temperature of the motor of automobile, electromotor etc., humidity etc. Electric rotating machine in, also worry the thermal deformation of resin, deterioration etc..

In technology described in above-mentioned patent documentation 2, the inner circumferential side of permanent magnet 5a and 5b is by magnetic Constitute, and by the magnetic flux that flows between magnetic and permanent magnet, it is thus regarded that revolving force can be reduced.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is to complete in view of above problem, its object is to provide the embedment magnetic that have employed I type The electric rotating machine that the firm and efficiency of ferrum rotor is high.

The electric rotating machine of the present invention has constructed as below, i.e. at the outer peripheral portion of the cartridge of nonmagnetic material Fixed magnetic pole sheet, and it is configured with permanent magnet between adjacent pole piece.

According to the electric rotating machine of the present invention, do not flow unwanted magnetic flux in the inner circumferential side of rotor, makes pole piece Rotor integrally it is used as such that it is able to firmly keep with permanent magnet.Use thereby, it is possible to provide Magnmet rotor imbedded by the I type that the firm and efficiency of the permanent magnet that ferrite magnet etc. are cheap is high.

Problem, structure and effect beyond above-mentioned become clear by the explanation of following embodiment Chu.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the figure of the rotor portion representing I type embedment Magnmet rotor.

Fig. 2 is the figure of the rotor portion of the Surface Magnet motor representing conventional type.

Fig. 3 is the figure of the flowing of the magnetic flux representing I type embedment Magnmet rotor.

Fig. 4 is to represent the figure of the mechanism of fixed component in existing I type embedment Magnmet rotor.

Fig. 5 is the axonometric chart of cartridge 7.

Fig. 6 is the axonometric chart of pole piece 3.

Fig. 7 is the axonometric chart representing the chimeric state having pole piece 3 and cartridge 7.

Fig. 8 is the structure chart of I type embedment Magnmet rotor 14.

Fig. 9 is the axonometric chart of the state representing that combination has I type embedment Magnmet rotor 14 and stator 15.

Figure 10 is the axonometric chart of the cartridge 7 of embodiment 2.

Figure 11 is the axonometric chart of the cartridge 7 of embodiment 3.

Figure 12 is the top view of the block parts 20 forming plate-shaped member 17 in embodiment 4.

Figure 13 is the axonometric chart of the cartridge 7 of embodiment 5.

Figure 14 is the parts representing the 1 layer of size constituting I type embedment Magnmet rotor 14 in embodiment 6 Axonometric chart.

Figure 15 be stacking be formed with the axonometric chart of cartridge 7 of parts of 1 shown in Figure 14 layer size.

In figure:

1 permanent magnet, 2 rotors, 3 pole pieces, 4 rotor inner peripheral portion, 5 stators, 6 resins, 7 cartridges, 8～9 auxiliary sections, 10 bridge, 11 wedges, 12 plectanes, 13 rotary shafts, 14 I type embedment Magnmet rotors, 15 stators, 17 plate-shaped members, 18 projections, 19 grooves, 20 Block parts, 21 caulking parts, 22 tabular pole pieces.

Detailed description of the invention

I type embedment Magnmet rotor ＞ conventional for ＜

Hereinafter, first, as comparative example, conventional I type embedment Magnmet rotor is illustrated, illustrate afterwards The structure of the electric rotating machine of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is the figure of the rotor portion representing I type embedment Magnmet rotor.For I type embedment Magnmet rotor Speech, uses that retentivity is little but ferrite magnet that weight unit price is cheap, and equal with neodium magnet as generation The mechanism of captivation uses.

In I type embedment Magnmet rotor, by the long side direction of segmentation Magnet 1 towards in the way of the radial direction of rotor 2 Configuration.That is, the inner peripheral surface of stator is positioned at the outer circumferential side of rotor 2.At the segmentation Magnet 1 circumferentially configured Between, the pole piece 3 that configuration is made up of magnetics such as electromagnetic steel plates.

Fig. 2 is Surface Magnet (the SPM:Surface Permanent Magnet) motor representing conventional type The figure of rotor portion.In Surface Magnet motor, with the long side direction of Magnet 1 along the side of the circumference of rotor 2 Formula configures.That is, the inner peripheral surface of stator is positioned at the outer circumferential side of rotor 2.

I type embedment Magnmet rotor shown in Fig. 1 is by changing the direction of embedment Magnet, it is possible to compare Fig. 2 The Surface Magnet rotor of shown conventional type and increase the size of the long side direction of Magnet 1.I type embedment Magnet In rotor, the ferrite magnet that rare earth element magnet is about 1/3 even if use retentivity compares, passes through example It is 3 times as made magnet surface amass, it is also possible to produce and employ the attraction that the rotor of rare earth element magnet is equal Power.If amassing additionally, increase magnet surface, the volume of the Magnet used increases, but weight unit price is low, accordingly Ground can reduce the cost of electric rotating machine.

Fig. 3 is the figure of the flowing of the magnetic flux representing I type embedment Magnmet rotor.Fig. 3 (a) is to represent permanent magnetic The inner peripheral portion 4 of ferrum 1 is the flowing of the magnetic flux in the case of magnetic, and Fig. 3 (b) is to represent nonmagnetic material In the case of the flowing of magnetic flux.

For I type embedment Magnmet rotor, need to make pole piece 3 not be fixed in rotor with contacting each other Perimembranous 4.In the case of rotor inner peripheral portion 4 is magnetic, as shown in Fig. 3 (a), in rotor inner peripheral portion Flow between 4 and permanent magnet 1 unwanted magnetic flux, thus flows between stator 5 and permanent magnet 1 Magnetic flux reduce.Therefore, have and cannot obtain the probability of desired moment of torsion.By making rotor inner peripheral portion 4 are made up of nonmagnetic material parts, thus as shown in Figure 3 (b), it is possible to eliminate and flow in rotor inner peripheral portion 4 Unwanted magnetic flux, and effectively can apply flexibly magnetic flux and guarantee captivation.

Fig. 4 is to represent the figure of the mechanism of fixed component in existing I type embedment Magnmet rotor.In Fig. 4, Pole piece 3 and the circumferentially alternating configuration of permanent magnet 1, overall molding by the resin 6 as nonmagnetic material and Become, combine with rotary shaft and constitute rotor.As the example of resin 6, enumerate PBT(poly-terephthalic acids fourth Diester), PPS(polyphenylene sulfide), LCP(liquid crystal polymer) thermoplastic resin, the BMC(block such as resin Shape moulding compound (Bulk Molding Compound)) heat-curing resin etc. such as resin.

If using resin 6 to fix pole piece 3 and permanent magnet 1, then can suppress shown in Fig. 3 (a) The flowing of unwanted magnetic flux, but intensity, temperature resistance viewpoint on have mystery.Therefore, in the present invention, Propose can suppress unwanted magnetic flux flow and add robustness I type imbed Magnmet rotor structure Make.

＜ embodiment 1 ＞

Hereinafter, use Fig. 5～Fig. 9, the process of the electric rotating machine manufacturing embodiments of the present invention 1 is carried out Explanation.The electric rotating machine of the present invention has constructed as below, i.e. the cylindrical portion constituted at use nonmagnetic material The periphery fixed magnetic pole sheet 3 of part 7 and permanent magnet 1.

Fig. 5 is the axonometric chart of cartridge 7.Use aluminum (JIS(Japan Industrial Standard) rule A5052, A2017, A7075 of lattice), the nonmagnetic metal such as rustless steel (SUS304 of JIS specification), Make the cartridge 7 shown in Fig. 5.Make as block integrated component making cartridge 7 In the case of, use the cutting manufacture method such as extrusion molding, casting.At the outer peripheral portion of cartridge 7, if Put for the auxiliary section 8 chimeric with pole piece 3.The corresponding cooperation that auxiliary section 8 is possessed with pole piece 3 The shape in portion is comparatively formed as groove shape or shape for lugs.

Fig. 6 is the axonometric chart of pole piece 3.Pole piece 3 can be by utilizing sintering, jointing material (bonding Agent) fix the magnetic of powder and constitute, it is also possible to by surface having been carried out the electromagnetism of insulating coating Steel plate carries out perforation stacking, (utilizing riveting, welding etc.) and fixes and constitute.Root at pole piece 3 Side is provided for the auxiliary section 9 chimeric with cartridge 7.Auxiliary section 9 and joining that cartridge 7 is possessed The shape in conjunction portion 8 is comparatively formed as shape for lugs or groove shape.It addition, set in the front end of pole piece 3 Put bridge (bridge) 10, so that permanent magnet 1 will not fly out to the periphery of rotor.Can also replace Ground, arranges the groove inserted for wedge in the front end of pole piece 3.

Fig. 7 is the axonometric chart of the chimeric state having pole piece 3 and cartridge 7.Make the cooperation of pole piece 3 The position of the auxiliary section 8 of portion 9 and cartridge 7 is comparatively fitted together to, and is being formed at cartridge 7 And the permanent magnet 1 of tabular is inserted in the space between each pole piece 3.In order to prevent the breakage of permanent magnet 1, Use binding material etc., fix pole piece 3, cartridge 7, permanent magnet 1 can also.

Fig. 8 is the structure chart of I type embedment Magnmet rotor 14.Fig. 8 (a) is that Magnmet rotor 14 imbedded by I type Axonometric chart, Fig. 8 (b) be extract a part top view.

In the inner circumferential side of the bridge 10 of pole piece 3, insertion is made up of insulating paper, resin, metal etc. Sheet material is used as wedge 11, in order to avoid pole piece 3 deforms and makes permanent magnet 1 circumferentially fly out (Fig. 8 (b)). Further, in the axial both ends of the surface along cartridge 7, plectane 12 is installed, so that permanent magnet 1 will not be Fly out on rotor axial, and pole piece 3 and cartridge 7 will not be made to decompose on rotor axial.And, Rotary shaft 13 and cartridge 7 use bolt to fix, key, annular knurl (make on the surface of rotary shaft 13 along axle Inner peripheral surface to the raised embedding cartridge 7 of configuration), press-in etc. and be integrally forming, thus constitute I type Embedment Magnmet rotor 14.

Fig. 9 is the axonometric chart of the state representing that combination has I type embedment Magnmet rotor 14 and stator 15.Such as figure Shown in 9, I type embedment Magnmet rotor 14 is arranged on the inner circumferential of stator 15, by bearing by the two of rotary shaft 13 End bearing is for can rotate (not shown).For stator 15, become to set in inner circumferential by electromagnetic steel plate stamping-out Have the tubular of multiple groove (socket) a stacking, fixing, and by resinous insulator protection tooth around, Afterwards, coil is carried out spiral, and connects the tag wire of coil and constitute circuit.If defeated at stator coil Enter line streaming current, then produced the magnetic of rotation by the electric magnet of stator coil at the inner peripheral surface of stator core , thus with I type embedment Magnet 14 permanent magnet 1 attract each other and synchronous rotary.

＜ embodiment 1: sum up ＞

For electric rotating machine as described previously for present embodiment 1, by use nonmagnetic metal The cartridge 7 and the pole piece 3 that constitute are fitted together in the axial direction, not in the inner circumferential side of pole piece 3 by being not required to The magnetic flux wanted such that it is able to firmly keep pole piece 3.Thereby, it is possible to do not use the terres rares magnetic of high price Ferrum ground realizes the electric rotating machine of big output.

＜ embodiment 2 ＞

The chimeric size of pole piece 3 and cartridge 7 preferably with the H7 hole of JIS specification and g6 axle about Dimensional tolerance assembles.But, by cutting, extruding, the method such as casting and manufacture and state more than outer peripheral face Dimensional accuracy is formed with the cartridge 7 of multiple (being 56 in present embodiment 2) auxiliary section 8 needs flower Time-consuming, thus parts become high price.Therefore, in embodiments of the present invention 2, following configuration example is entered Row explanation, i.e. by the plate-shaped member of the auxiliary section 8 being provided with above-mentioned dimensional accuracy is carried out stacking, carry out shape Become cartridge 7.Other structure is identical with embodiment 1.

Figure 10 is the axonometric chart of the cartridge 7 of present embodiment 2.To with embodiment 1 illustrated by Identical non-magnetic metal plate (such as thickness is 0.8mm, 1.0mm etc.) carries out stamping-out and forms tabular Parts 17, carry out stacking and fix (rivet, welding etc.), thus constitute tubular this plate-shaped member 17 Parts 7.

For the method for stamping-out stacking sheet material (cylinder material), it is to manufacture rotation conventional Stator or the rotor of motor and the method that also uses when stamping-out laminated electromagnetic steel plate, it is possible to the highest Precision ground manufactures the plate-shaped member 17 being provided with auxiliary section 8.Further, if implementing on the surface of plate-shaped member 17 Insulating coating, then can suppress the loss caused by eddy current.In the case of not desired strength, plate-shaped member The material of 17 need not be defined in metal, it is possible to use resin etc..

As it has been described above, according to present embodiment 2, fixed the plate-shaped member 17 of nonmagnetic material by stacking, The auxiliary section 8 of cartridge 7 in high precision and can be formed at short notice.It addition, by plate-like portion Sheet material before part 17(or stamping-out) surface carry out insulating coating, it is possible to prevent the generation of eddy current, and The efficiency that can suppress electric rotating machine reduces.

＜ embodiment 3 ＞

If forming cartridge 7 by stacking plate-shaped member 17, then inclined due to metal pattern shape, thickness of slab Difference and produce shape difference somewhat at every layer, thus have the probability of the form accuracy reducing cartridge 7. Therefore, in embodiments of the present invention 3, to making cartridge 7 in the method illustrated by embodiment 2 The configuration example that improves further of form accuracy illustrate.

Figure 11 is the axonometric chart of the cartridge 7 of present embodiment 3.In present embodiment 3, such as Figure 11 Shown in, when forming cartridge 7 when stacking plate-shaped member 17, with the spacing identical with auxiliary section 8 or The spacing of its integral multiple of person makes metal pattern and sheet material rotate against while carrying out stamping-out, and makes every Stagger along direction of rotation while carrying out stacking in the position of layer.Except the aspect making stratification position open in every fault with Outward, identical with embodiment 2.

By making stratification position open in every fault, it is possible to absorb metal pattern shape, the thickness deviation of material, from And the perpendicularity of the periphery of cartridge 7 can be improved.Thus, stator inner circumferential is made to turn with I type embedment Magnet Gap uniformity between son 14 such that it is able to the slot effect of electric rotating machine is suppressed as little level.

Furthermore, it is not necessary that make the stratification position of whole layers mutually different, if the stratification position of at least any layer Different from other layer, then can play corresponding effect.

＜ embodiment 4 ＞

In the case of the rotor that diameter is big, if being integrally formed non-magnetic by the stamping-out stacking of endless member The cartridge 7 of gonosome, then stock utilization is deteriorated, and become that cost increases will be because of.Therefore, this In bright embodiment 4, the configuration example forming plate-shaped member 17 by linking multiple parts is said Bright.Other structure is identical with embodiment 3.

Figure 12 is the top view of the block parts 20 forming plate-shaped member 17 in present embodiment 4.Block Shape parts 20 circumferentially split plate-shaped member 17, are conformed with 18 in one end circumferentially, and at the other end It is provided with groove 19.In order to stably be fixed at interlayer, it is also possible to additionally arrange caulking part 21.Circumferentially Link block parts 20, and adjacent projection 18 and groove 19 are fitted together to such that it is able to form tabular Parts 17.

According to present embodiment 4, each block parts 20 is more much smaller than plate-shaped member 17 such that it is able to High stock utilization manufactures cartridge 7.

＜ embodiment 5 ＞

In embodiments of the present invention 5, to stratification position being made to stagger at every layer illustrated by embodiment 3 The configuration example of the method structure linking block parts 20 illustrated by the embodiment 4 illustrate. Other structure is identical with embodiment 4.

Figure 13 is the axonometric chart of the cartridge 7 of present embodiment 5.First, to thickness than final cylinder The block parts 20 that the stacking thickness of shape parts 7 is thin carries out stacking, and makes them circumferentially link and constitute Endless member.The each layer of stacking in the way of the coupling position of block parts 20 is different at every layer.

Block parts 20 after stacking can use the projection 18 illustrated by embodiment 4 and groove 19 each other Fix, it is also possible to linked by welding riveting etc..

By make coupling position every layer of difference, thus in the case of circumferentially splitting cartridge 7, also Make shape and size uniform in the axial direction, and then the perpendicularity of cartridge 7, and and embodiment party can be improved The slot effect of electric rotating machine is suppressed as little level by formula 3 in the same manner.

Furthermore, it is not necessary that make block parts 20 coupling position each other different, if at least in whole layers The coupling position of any layer is different from other layer, then can play corresponding effect.

＜ embodiment 6 ＞

In embodiment 3 and 5, to by making the stratification position of plate-shaped member 17 or block parts 20 exist The come situation of the form accuracy improving cartridge 7 of every fault is illustrated.Embodiments of the present invention In 6, to by making that the tabular pole piece 22 of formation pole piece 3 and plate-shaped member 17 link and stacking carrys out shape The configuration example becoming electric rotating machine illustrates.Other structure is identical with embodiment 1～5, thus below with Illustrate centered by linking the parts of tabular pole piece 22 and plate-shaped member 17.

Figure 14 is the portion representing the 1 layer of size constituting I type embedment Magnmet rotor 14 in present embodiment 6 The axonometric chart of part.Described in the tabular pole piece 22 generated by the stamping-out of electromagnetic steel plate etc. and embodiment 2 Bright plate-shaped member 17 is linked by auxiliary section 8 and 9 as illustrated in fig. 14.In Figure 14, for ease of Record, only represent a tabular pole piece 22, but throughout plate-shaped member 17 complete cycle link tabular magnetic pole Sheet 22.

Figure 15 be stacking be formed with the axonometric chart of cartridge 7 of parts of 1 shown in Figure 14 layer size. When parts shown in stacking Figure 14, identical with embodiment 3, make each layer rotate at a certain angle While carrying out stacking, and welding etc. is used to be fixed.If comparison pole piece 3 and 7 structures of cylinder-like part The shape in space become configures permanent magnet 1, then can constitute tape skew (magnetic circuit is relative to axially Tilt) I type embedment Magnmet rotor 14.

By making each layer rotate while carrying out stacking, it is possible to identical with embodiment 3, make cartridge The geomery of 7 is uniform in the axial direction, and can improve the cylindricity of I type embedment Magnmet rotor 14 and subtract The slot effect of little electric rotating machine.Further, it is linked with plate-shaped member 17 and tabular pole piece by making The layer parts of 22 stagger while carrying out stacking at every layer along direction of rotation, it is possible to form deflection and suppress to rotate The slot effect of motor.

The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, including various variation.Above-mentioned embodiment be in order to The present invention easy to understand and be illustrated in detail, be not limited to possess illustrated whole knot Structure.It addition, also be able to be replaced as a part for the structure of certain embodiment the structure of other embodiment. It addition, also be able to increase the structure of other embodiment in the structure of certain embodiment.It addition, also be able to The part of the structure of each embodiment is added and eliminates other structure of displacement.

Claims (5)

1. an electric rotating machine,

Possess: use multiple pole pieces that magnetic is constituted；

Use the cartridge that nonmagnetic material is constituted；And

The rotary shaft linked with described cartridge,

Make the auxiliary section being arranged on the periphery of described cartridge embedding with the auxiliary section that described pole piece is had Incompatible fixing described pole piece and described cartridge,

It is configured with permanent magnet in the gap of adjacent described pole piece,

Described pole piece and described cartridge are formed by layer laminate parts,

This layer of parts are fitted together to the plate having the magnetic forming described pole piece to constitute respectively by each auxiliary section The plate-shaped member that the nonmagnetic material of shape parts and the described cartridge of formation is constituted, described nonmagnetic material is constituted The surface of plate-shaped member has carried out insulating coating,

It is characterized in that, described layer parts are pressed certain with the position of the direction of rotation along described rotary shaft at every layer The mode stacking staggered of the anglec of rotation.

Electric rotating machine the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that

The plate-shaped member that described nonmagnetic material is constituted is by described to being formed along the direction of rotation of described rotary shaft The block parts of a part for the outer peripheral portion of cartridge links and constitutes.

Electric rotating machine the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that

At least some of to constitute described non-magnetic in the plate-shaped member that described nonmagnetic material after stacking is constituted Gonosome constitute plate-shaped member described block parts the coupling position along described direction of rotation with other Constitute the link along described direction of rotation of the described block parts of the plate-shaped member that described nonmagnetic material is constituted The most different mode stacking in position.

Electric rotating machine the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that

Described cartridge uses nonmagnetic metal to constitute.

Electric rotating machine the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that

Described cartridge use the A5052 as nonmagnetic metal of JIS specification defined, A2017, In A7075, SUS304 at least one and constitute.