CN103681975B - Method for manufacturing CIGS solar cell - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing CIGS solar cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103681975B
CN103681975B CN201310740599.8A CN201310740599A CN103681975B CN 103681975 B CN103681975 B CN 103681975B CN 201310740599 A CN201310740599 A CN 201310740599A CN 103681975 B CN103681975 B CN 103681975B
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layer
substrate
cushion
cigs
sputtering
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CN103681975A (en
Inventor
陈进中
莫经耀
吴伯增
林东东
甘振英
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GUANGXI HUAXI GROUP Co.,Ltd.
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LIUZHOU BAIRENTE ADVANCED MATERIALS CO Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/0248Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
    • H01L31/0256Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
    • H01L31/0264Inorganic materials
    • H01L31/032Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only compounds not provided for in groups H01L31/0272 - H01L31/0312
    • H01L31/0322Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only compounds not provided for in groups H01L31/0272 - H01L31/0312 comprising only AIBIIICVI chalcopyrite compounds, e.g. Cu In Se2, Cu Ga Se2, Cu In Ga Se2
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/02Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C23C14/024Deposition of sublayers, e.g. to promote adhesion of the coating
    • C23C14/025Metallic sublayers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/06Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
    • C23C14/08Oxides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/22Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
    • C23C14/34Sputtering
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/541CuInSe2 material PV cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

The invention relates to a CIGS solar cell, in particular to a method for manufacturing the CIGS solar cell. The method for manufacturing the CIGS solar cell comprises the steps of sputtering a molybdenum electrode layer on a substrate, arranging the substrate provided with the molybdenum electrode layer in a vacuum chamber, forwards pushing the substrate, sputtering a CIGS absorbing layer on the substrate, reversely pushing the substrate, sputtering a CdS buffering layer on the absorbing layer, plating a ZnO conductive oxidation layer on the buffering layer, plating an AZO layer on the conductive oxidation layer and performing cutting and encapsulation. The absorbing layer is sputtered through forward movement of the substrate. The buffering layer is sputtered through reverse movement of the substrate, and the production efficiency is improved. In addition, a space is saved, and the production cost is reduced. By adopting the method for manufacturing the CIGS solar cell, sputtering of the CIGS absorbing layer is effectively controlled, the thickness of each layer is accurately controlled, and the quality of produced products is good.

Description

A kind of method preparing cigs solaode
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of cigs solaode.
Background technology
In recent years, photovoltaic industry assumes the trend of accelerated development, and the feature of development is: yield increases, and transformation efficiency improves, Cost reduces, and application constantly expands.Compared with before 10 years, solaode price is greatly lowered.It is contemplated that with The progress of technology and the expansion in market, light cell cost and price will decline to a great extent.After 2010, due to solaode The decline of cost is it is expected to make photovoltaic technology enter extensive development period.With the progress of technology, the sending out of thin-film solar cells Exhibition will be maked rapid progress, and will step up in the market share of following photovoltaic market.As the best thin-film solar cells of performance, Cigs thin-film solar cells also will welcome fast-developing period.Existing cigs (CIGS) solaode includes base Plate, has several layer films in substrate surface deposition.The cigs thin-film solar cells that prior art produces are due to the process control time Longer, its production efficiency is not high, and quality of forming film is not high.
Wherein, the most key is cigs absorbed layer, and it is the core of solaode, the preparation method of absorbed layer Steam selenizing method after method and magnetron sputtering as polynary altogether.Method of steaming altogether respectively has different fusing points due to the element different using four kinds, Make to control formation on large substrate for the stoichiometric compound to be highly difficult.At present, market has one kind by splashing Penetrate the method that method directly prepares absorbed layer and cushion, the method that it adopts is so that substrate circumference is run, and passes through to splash outside circumference The method of penetrating makes to be formed absorbed layer and cushion on substrate.This method sputters due to using level, due to the effect of gravity, its On substrate, the absorbed layer of deposition and cushion are not uniform, the quality of impact battery.
Content of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem, a kind of production efficiency of present invention offer is higher, quality of forming film preferable cigs solar energy The preparation method of battery.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem and the technical scheme is that a kind of method preparing cigs solaode, It comprises the following steps:
(1) sputter molybdenum electrode layer on substrate;
(2) substrate with molybdenum electrode layer is placed in vacuum interior, and positive promotion substrate, on substrate, sputter cigs inhales Receive layer;
(3) substrate, sputter cds cushion on absorbed layer are reversely promoted;
(4) will there is the substrate of cushion from vacuum interior taking-up, and plate zno conductive oxide layer on the buffer layer;
(5) azo layer is plated on conductive oxide layer;
(6) cutting encapsulation.
Preferably, described substrate is using alkaline soda-lime glass.
Preferably, described molybdenum electrode layer surface is in fish scale-shaped, thickness is 0.5--1.5 μm.
Preferably, being provided with absorption layer target material, cushion target and and target in indoor being located on the upside of substrate of described vacuum The corresponding sputtering source of material, sputtering source passes through to bombard two targets respectively, sputter absorbed layer and cushion on substrate.
Preferably, described absorption layer target material and cushion target are arranged on same rotary body, a rotating body is provided with Sputtering source, switches absorption layer target material and cushion target by rotating rotary body.
Preferably, described absorption layer target material is formed by the compacting of cigs powder.
Preferably, by cucl2、incl3、gacl3、na2Described cigs powder is synthesized in se addition ethylenediamine.
Preferably, the thickness of described absorbed layer is 1.5--2.0 μm, the thickness of cushion is 0.05 μm.
Preferably, described conductive oxide layer adopts magnetic control sputtering plating method to prepare, its thickness is 0.05 μm.
Preferably, azo thickness degree is 0.5--1.5 μm.
The present invention compared with prior art has the advantage that
1st, the present invention passes through positive mobile, the sputter absorbed layer of substrate;Substrate moves backward, and sputter cushion not only carries High production efficiency, and save space, reduce production cost.
2nd, the effective control of the present invention sputter of cigs absorbed layer, and the precise control thickness of each layer, the product of production Quality is good.
3rd, using single target sputtering method sputter absorbed layer from top to bottom and cushion, it is to avoid because the impact of gravity makes to sink Long-pending not uniform phenomenon, further increases product quality.
Specific embodiment
The present invention be described in detail below:
The method comprise the steps that sputter molybdenum electrode layer on substrate;Substrate is contained using alkaline soda-lime glass, this glass There is metal sodium ion, the absorbed layer of battery can be entered by diffusion, contribute to the growth of thin film crystal grain;Described molybdenum electrode layer table Face is in fish scale-shaped, and to increase the contact area between levels, thus increasing adhesive force, and molybdenum electrode thickness degree should control 0.5--1.5μm.
The substrate with molybdenum electrode layer is placed in vacuum interior, and positive promotion substrate, on substrate, sputter cigs absorbs Layer;Reversely promote substrate, sputter cds cushion on absorbed layer;When preparing absorption layer target material, first by cucl2、incl3、 gacl3、na2Se adds stirring in ethylenediamine, and ethylenediamine can absorb the waste heat that synthetic reaction is discharged, and can increase forerunner Salt dissolubility in a solvent, so that reaction is more complete;Reacted by above-claimed cpd, thus synthesizing cigs powder, And the particle diameter of cigs is more uniform;Then powder is pressed into absorption layer target material, this mode can make the consistency of target up to More than 90%.The cushion target of the present invention adopts existing cds target.In process of production, by above-mentioned two targets and corresponding Sputtering source is placed in the vacuum interior of heating so that sputtering is carried out in a vacuum, and is heated by heater, and it is suitable to maintain Temperature conditionss;Sputtering source adopts the noble gases of plasma, such as makes argon produce plasma electrical body by ionization device;Sputtering Source is passed through to bombard target, makes corresponding component deposition on substrate.
In the present invention, on the downside of two targets, workbench is set, the substrate containing molybdenum electrode layer can be along movable workbench;Work Platform supporting substrate, can make substrate along the forward and reverse movement of workbench by existing apparatus such as rollers simultaneously;Substrate is positive along workbench When mobile, absorption layer target material is located at directly over substrate, and sputtering source bombards absorption layer target material from top to bottom, makes deposition on molybdenum electrode layer Absorbed layer;After the completion of absorbed layer deposition, substrate moves backward along workbench, now absorption layer target material should be switched to cushion target Material, making cushion target be located at directly over substrate, thus bombarding cushion target from top to bottom by sputtering source, making on absorbed layer Buffer layer.Due to using sputtering method deposit absorbent layer from top to bottom and cushion, it is to avoid because the impact of gravity makes The not uniform phenomenon of deposition, not only can continuously prepare absorbed layer and cushion, production efficiency is high;And quality of forming film is high.With When, the thickness of absorbed layer should control at 1.5--2.0 μm, and buffer layer thickness should control at 0.05 μm about.
To there is the substrate of cushion from vacuum interior taking-up, and plate zno conductive oxide layer on the buffer layer;Conductive oxygen Changing layer adopts magnetic control sputtering plating method to prepare, and its THICKNESS CONTROL is at 0.05 μm about;Again azo layer is plated on conductive oxide layer, it is thick Degree controls at 0.5--1.5 μm;Then carry out cutting encapsulation.As the Top electrode of battery, it has low sheet resistance to azo, good Visible light transmissivity, with al electrode constitute Ohmic contact.
Above-mentioned embodiment is used for illustrative purposes only, and is not limitation of the present invention, relevant technical field Those of ordinary skill, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, acceptable various changes can be made and modification, therefore institute There is equivalent technical scheme also should belong to scope of the invention.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of method preparing cigs solaode, it comprises the following steps:
(1) sputter molybdenum electrode layer on substrate;
(2) substrate with molybdenum electrode layer is placed in vacuum interior, and positive promotion substrate, on substrate, sputter cigs absorbs Layer;(3) substrate, sputter cds cushion on absorbed layer are reversely promoted;
(4) will there is the substrate of cushion from vacuum interior taking-up, and plate zno conductive oxide layer on the buffer layer;
(5) azo layer is plated on conductive oxide layer;
(6) cutting encapsulation;
Indoor being located on the upside of substrate of described vacuum is provided with absorption layer target material, cushion target and sputtering corresponding with target Source, sputtering source passes through to bombard two targets respectively, sputter absorbed layer and cushion on substrate;Described absorption layer target material and cushion Target is arranged on same rotary body, and a rotating body is provided with sputtering source, is eased up by rotating rotary body switching absorption layer target material Rush layer target;Described substrate is using alkaline soda-lime glass;Described molybdenum electrode layer surface is in fish scale-shaped, and thickness is 0.5--1.5 μm; Described absorption layer target material is formed by the compacting of cigs powder;The thickness of described absorbed layer is 1.5--2.0 μm, and the thickness of cushion is 0.05μm;Described conductive oxide layer adopts magnetic control sputtering plating method to prepare, and its thickness is 0.05 μm;Azo thickness degree is 0.5--1.5 μ m.
2. method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that: by cucl2、incl3、gacl3、na2Se adds in ethylenediamine Described cigs powder is synthesized.
CN201310740599.8A 2013-12-27 2013-12-27 Method for manufacturing CIGS solar cell Active CN103681975B (en)

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CN103681975B true CN103681975B (en) 2017-01-25

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2036533U (en) * 1988-08-01 1989-04-26 韩久君 Multitarget plating chamber of vertical vacuum sputtering machine
CN2433262Y (en) * 2000-07-18 2001-06-06 湖南三才科技有限公司 Multi-targat magnetic-control sputtering coiling film coating machine
CN101857951A (en) * 2009-04-08 2010-10-13 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 Magnetron sputtering device
US8425739B1 (en) * 2008-09-30 2013-04-23 Stion Corporation In chamber sodium doping process and system for large scale cigs based thin film photovoltaic materials
CN103077980A (en) * 2013-01-25 2013-05-01 中国农业大学 CIGS (copper indium gallium selenium) thin film solar cell and preparation method thereof
CN103354246A (en) * 2013-07-10 2013-10-16 尚越光电科技有限公司 CIGS (Copper Indium Gallium Selenium) solar cell back-electrode Mo film and preparation technology thereof

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6635154B2 (en) * 2001-11-03 2003-10-21 Intevac, Inc. Method and apparatus for multi-target sputtering
JP4246547B2 (en) * 2003-05-23 2009-04-02 株式会社アルバック Sputtering apparatus and sputtering method
US7018515B2 (en) * 2004-03-24 2006-03-28 Applied Materials, Inc. Selectable dual position magnetron
CN101988189B (en) * 2009-08-07 2012-10-10 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 Magnetron sputtering target and magnetron sputtering device adopting same
EP2437280A1 (en) * 2010-09-30 2012-04-04 Applied Materials, Inc. Systems and methods for forming a layer of sputtered material

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2036533U (en) * 1988-08-01 1989-04-26 韩久君 Multitarget plating chamber of vertical vacuum sputtering machine
CN2433262Y (en) * 2000-07-18 2001-06-06 湖南三才科技有限公司 Multi-targat magnetic-control sputtering coiling film coating machine
US8425739B1 (en) * 2008-09-30 2013-04-23 Stion Corporation In chamber sodium doping process and system for large scale cigs based thin film photovoltaic materials
CN101857951A (en) * 2009-04-08 2010-10-13 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 Magnetron sputtering device
CN103077980A (en) * 2013-01-25 2013-05-01 中国农业大学 CIGS (copper indium gallium selenium) thin film solar cell and preparation method thereof
CN103354246A (en) * 2013-07-10 2013-10-16 尚越光电科技有限公司 CIGS (Copper Indium Gallium Selenium) solar cell back-electrode Mo film and preparation technology thereof

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Address after: 545006 the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Liuzhou Liu Dong New Area Bay Road No. 2 East standard workshop No. 2 supporting office building No. 314

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