CN103676978B - Vehicular solar battery ring pin type sunshine tracking drive system - Google Patents
Vehicular solar battery ring pin type sunshine tracking drive system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Vehicular solar battery ring pin type sunshine tracking drive system of the present invention, belongs to the technical field of Application of Solar Energy.Structure has solar panel, latch, code translator, single-chip microcomputer, orientation and elevation drive, ring needle sensor (163); The sunshine information that ring needle sensor obtains through latch, then through code translator selected input to single-chip microcomputer, by Single-chip Controlling orientation and elevation drive, makes solar panel follow the tracks of sunshine and provides electric energy.Ring needle sensor surrounds large ring (102), little ring (105) by photodiode respectively on surface plate (101), has dividing plate (104) between neighboring photosensitive diode; Surface plate front and back respectively at right angle setting termination has Long pointer (115) and the short pointer (113) of photodiode.Sensor mass of the present invention is light, volume is little, windage is little and structure is simple; Orientation, elevation synchro are followed the tracks of and are driven, and following range covers the running orbit of the sun completely.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solar electrical energy generation application, the sunshine tracking drive system of Vehicular solar battery time particularly for parking.
Background technology
With the immediate prior art of the present invention be, the patent of invention that name is called " honeycomb sunlight following control system ", the patent No.: ZL201010559618.3.Honeycomb sunlight following control system is made up of honeycomb fashion sunray orientation and elevation setting part, electronic control part, electronic orientation mechanical part and motorized elevation mechanical part.
Described honeycomb fashion sunray orientation and elevation setting part, the shape forming 1/4 sphere is arranged by hexagonal pyramid shape cylinder 62, a photodiode VD11 is respectively equipped with in each hexagonal pyramid shape cylinder 62 inner end, and the orientation be fixed in peripheral housing 61 and elevation setting wiring board 65 are formed.
Described electronic control part, is made up of multi-channel data selector circuit, AD converter, single-chip microcomputer, orientation and low-angle tracking motor circuit, keyboard circuit, orientation drive motor and elevation angle drive motor driving circuit.
Described electronic orientation mechanical part, is made up of orientation drive motor, speed reduction unit, semi-ring tooth bar, azimuth base, bearing supporting frame, clamping device; When receiving the orientation deflection command of orientation and elevation angle motor-drive circuit, orientation drive motor 80 slows down through speed reduction unit 90, driven gear transmission shaft 81, and semi-ring tooth bar 87 rotates, make azimuth base 88 produce smooth rotation with pedestal 75 under bearing 89 supports, reach the effect that orientation is followed the tracks of.
Described motorized elevation mechanical part, is made up of elevation angle drive motor, speed reduction unit, gear wheel, gear wheel support, clamping device; When receiving the elevation angle deflection command of orientation and elevation angle motor-drive circuit, elevation angle drive motor 91 slows down through speed reduction unit 73, driven gear transmission shaft 74, gearing shaft 74 is engaged with the gear teeth 76 on elevation angle gear wheel 77 cylindrical, and drives elevation drive bar 71 fixing on elevation angle gear wheel 77.
The orientation of background technology and elevation drive can directly use, and the present invention is the tracking and the driving scope that expand orientation and the elevation angle, has done following improvement to orientation clamping device 83 and elevation angle clamping device 70:
The radian of the semi-ring tooth bar 87 of electronic orientation mechanical part is wherein 340 degree;
The orientation clamping device 83 of electronic orientation mechanical part wherein, is risen by orientation, dead center sensor and braking washer 94 forms; Orientation plays point sensor by being coaxially mounted opposite light emitting diode (TVD179) and photodiode (VD179) forms, and has slit in the middle of light emitting diode (TVD179) and photodiode (VD179); Orientation dead center sensor, by being coaxially mounted opposite light emitting diode (TVD180) and photodiode (VD180) forms, has slit in the middle of light emitting diode (TVD180) and photodiode (VD180); With the center of circle of the semi-ring tooth bar 87 in electronic orientation mechanical part for starting point, when the ray along elevation drive bar 71 is 0 degree of angle, orientation rises, the position of the starting point of the braking sensor of stop and terminal is respectively outside the semi-ring tooth bar 87 at 10 degree of angles and 350 degree of angles; When braking washer 94 arrives starting point, just arrive the slit in the middle of light emitting diode (TVD179) and photodiode (VD179), the photoelectric coupling between light emitting diode (TVD179) and photodiode (VD179) is interrupted; When braking washer 94 is reached home, just arrive the slit in the middle of light emitting diode (TVD180) and photodiode (VD180), the photoelectric coupling between light emitting diode (TVD180) and photodiode (VD180) is interrupted;
The elevation angle clamping device 70 of motorized elevation mechanical part wherein, brakes plate washer by the elevation angle and elevation drive bar 71 forms; Elevation angle braking plate washer has two pieces, between angle 125 degree, the stroke of restriction elevation drive bar 71 is in the middle of two elevations angle braking plate washers; Orientation is vertically housed in elevation drive bar 71 termination and the elevation angle drives fixed head 72.
Surface plate 101 can have 72 photodiode (VD101 ~ VD172) arrangements form large ring 102, then sunray positioning precision is 5 degree, makes single-chip microcomputer send the locating information once gathered in every 20 minutes.
Long pointer 115 and short pointer 113 can be made into thin tube-like; The photodiode (VD177) of Long pointer 115 termination and photodiode (VD178) front end of short pointer 113 termination are closed with semisphere glass 119 respectively, make light-receiving angle be 180 degree.
On the shell 86 of orientation and elevation drive, cable input socket 97, compass 99, manual placement worm and gear 57 that azimuth-elevation drives are installed, leading screw 157 upper end mounting base 75 below orientation and elevation drive, bearing ball 56 is housed between leading screw 157 and pedestal 75, handling manual placement worm and gear 57 can make pedestal 75 horizontally rotate, for the calibration points 96 bearing direction due south of the intermediate value 180 degree of orientation following range.
On elevation angle gear wheel 77, with the load-bearing symmetric position of elevation drive bar 71, balancing weight 98 is installed.
The invention solves following technical matters, also just achieve following beneficial effect:
1, the problem of the expanded range at orientation and the elevation angle followed the tracks of by sensor, makes orientation, running orbit that low-angle tracking scope covers the sun completely.
2, sensor mass is solved light, the problems such as volume is little, windage is little and structure is simple.
3, the stroke of the driving at orientation and the elevation angle is increased.
4, the winding problem of all cable connections when orientation drives is solved, i.e. orientation braking sensor.
5, reduce elevation angle drive motor loading problem, namely increase counter weight device.
6, at sunrise, solve solar panels evening before that day orientation large rotation angle, follow the tracks of and driving problems.
7, when sensor is in special weather: sunrise is after 1 hour, and the unexpected weather cloudy day rains, 17 fine day sunrise in the afternoon, when sensor also rests on the sunrise direction of 1 hour, the tracking problem existing for sensor.
8, orientation and elevation synchro driving problems is solved.Reach the object that orientation and elevation synchro complete driving.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, field scientific investigation and the park solar cell power generation problem of countryside tourism when camping, thus, solve LED illumination at night, computer notebook is powered, the demand such as the battery charging of mobile phone and camera; Change diesel-driven generator in the past or start automobile generating bring the consumption of primary energy, solve the problems such as the noise that brings to environment and atmospheric pollution.
To achieve the object of the present invention, following technical scheme is adopted.
A kind of Vehicular solar battery ring pin type sunshine tracking drive system, structure comprises solar panel, latch, code translator, single-chip microcomputer, orientation and elevation drive, described orientation and elevation drive, be made up of the orientation drive motor the same with background technology and elevation angle drive motor driving circuit, electronic orientation mechanical part, motorized elevation mechanical part; It is characterized in that, structure also has ring needle sensor 163; The sunshine information obtained by ring needle sensor 163 through latch, then through code translator selected input to single-chip microcomputer, by Single-chip Controlling orientation and elevation drive, makes solar panel follow the tracks of sunshine and provides electric energy;
Described ring needle sensor 163, is made up of large ring sensor, little ring sensor, minute hand sensor and hour hand sensor; Surface plate 101 surrounds a large ring 102 with photodiode (VD101 ~ VD172), separates with dividing plate 104 between each neighboring photosensitive diode; In large ring 102, surround a concentric little ring 105 with photodiode (VD173 ~ VD176), between each neighboring photosensitive diode with dividing plate 104 separately; In the front of surface plate 101, large ring 102 circle centre position is vertically fixed with a Long pointer 115, and Long pointer 115 external end head is equipped with a photodiode (VD177); At the back side of surface plate 101, large ring 102 circle centre position is vertically fixed with a short pointer 113, and short pointer 113 external end head is equipped with a photodiode (VD178); Ring needle sensor surface plate 101 and solar panel shell 131 are connected as one by web member 108, at surface plate 101 back side, signal cable accessory power outlet 117 is housed, cable accessory power outlet 117 is electrically connected with photodiode respectively.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front view of ring needle sensor of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the rear view of ring needle sensor of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is one-piece construction block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is ring needle sensor of the present invention, orientation rises, the connecting circuit figure of dead center sensor and latch.
Fig. 6 is local (lower right corner) enlarged drawing of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram of the controlling and driving circuits that single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB of the present invention is electrically connected with code translator 74HC154, orientation and elevation drive.
Fig. 8 is the front view of orientation of the present invention and elevation drive.
Fig. 9 is the vertical view of orientation of the present invention and elevation drive.
Figure 10 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 8.
Figure 11 is orientation of the present invention and elevation drive outward appearance front view.
Figure 12 is orientation of the present invention and elevation drive outward appearance vertical view.
Figure 13 is solar panel front view of the present invention.
Figure 14 is solar panel rear view of the present invention.
Figure 15 is the front view of solar cell case of the present invention.
Figure 16 is solar-cell panel support schematic diagram of the present invention.
Figure 17 be one of the present invention when stopping solar cell working view of (unlatching boot).
Figure 18 be another kind of the present invention when stopping solar cell working view of (closedown boot).
Figure 19 is the laying state schematic diagram of the present invention when driving a vehicle.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1 ring needle sensor and control circuit
Ring needle sensor as shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, surface plate 101 surrounds a large ring 102 with photodiode VD101 ~ VD172, separates between each photodiode with dividing plate 104; A little ring 105 concentric with large ring 102 is surrounded at the inner side photodiode VD173 ~ VD176 of large ring 102; Also separate with dividing plate 104 between each photodiode; At the circle centre position of little ring 105, a Long pointer 115 is housed, the center of Long pointer 115 is empty, is thin tube-like, facilitates passing of wire.Long pointer 115, on surface plate 101, has shorter short pointer 113 at surface plate 101 back side.The center of short pointer 113 is empty, is thin tube-like, facilitates passing of wire.Long pointer 115 port before surface plate 101 is equipped with a photodiode VD177.At short pointer 113 port at surface plate 101 back side, a photodiode VD178 is housed.Long pointer 115 and short pointer 113 can be fixed on surface plate 101 perpendicular to surface plate 101 with fluid sealant 116.The light-receiving angle of photodiode VD177 and VD178 is 180 degree.By web member 108, ring needle sensor surface plate 101 and solar panel shell 131 are connected as one, can fix with screw 109, when driving at orientation and the elevation angle and follow the tracks of, ring needle sensor surface plate 101 with solar panel shell 131 for synchronized tracking drives.The waterproof signal cable accessory power outlet 117 of ring needle sensor is housed at ring needle sensor surface plate 101 back side, and fixes with screw 118.Tempered glass 114 is all used to close before photodiode VD101 ~ VD176.The front end of photodiode VD177 and VD178 is all closed with semisphere glass 119, ensures that light-receiving angle is 180 degree.
The high-precision sunray that act as of large ring 102 is located.The orientation of the sun one day is 360 degree/24 hours=15 degree/hour, 15 degree/60 minutes=0.25 degree/min.When single-chip microcomputer sends once collection locating information for every 20 minutes, then sunray positioning precision is 5 degree, 360 degree/5 degree=72, so large ring 102 can inlay 72 photodiodes (VD101 ~ VD172).In 72 photodiodes inlayed in large ring 102, the position at each photodiode place contains its intrinsic orientation and elevation location information, and the orientation intrinsic by them and elevation location information are pre-entered into single-chip microcomputer.When in 72 photodiodes that 102 li, large ring is inlayed, certain photodiode is hidden by the sunlight shade of Long pointer 115, this photodiode is in high level, positioning signal (ratio at orientation and the elevation angle) is passed to single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer sends driving instruction to orientation drive motor 80 and elevation angle drive motor 91 more simultaneously.Orientation drive motor 80 and elevation angle drive motor 91, by the ratio of each self-driven distance in orientation and the elevation angle, adjust respective driving speed, reach the object synchronously completing driving.105 li, little ring inlays 4 photodiodes (VD173 ~ VD176), and when 4 photodiodes are all in low level, namely 4 photodiodes are not all hidden by the sunlight shade of Long pointer 115.Stopping drive singal being passed to single-chip microcomputer by little ring, and single-chip microcomputer sends stopping driving instruction to orientation drive motor and elevation angle drive motor.
Ring needle sensor and control circuit principle of work, see Fig. 4,5,6,7.Large ring sensor (being made up of VD101-VD172), little ring sensor (being made up of VD173-VD176), long and short pin sensor (being made up of VD177, VD178) and orientation rises, the signal of dead center sensor (being made up of VD179, TVD179:VD180, TVD180) is all input in latch 74HC573, single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB controls code translator 74HC154 by the signal of ten latch 74HC573 grouping selected input in single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB, and single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB sends driving instruction to orientation drive motor 80 and elevation angle drive motor 91 simultaneously.Fig. 5 provides the connecting circuit figure of ring needle sensor, orientation (rise, stop) sensor and latch.Fig. 6 is local (lower right corner) enlarged drawing of Fig. 5.Fig. 7 provides the circuit diagram of the controlling and driving circuits that single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB is electrically connected with code translator, orientation and elevation drive.
The principle of work of this ring needle sensor 163 under various weather environment, specific as follows:
(1) when ring needle sensor 163 is in fine day: in the photodiode VD101 ~ VD172 inlayed in large ring 102, certain photodiode is hidden by the sunlight shade of Long pointer 115, this photodiode is in high level, and large other photodiode of ring 102 is all in low level.Meanwhile, the photodiode VD177 of Long pointer 115 port is in low level, and the photodiode VD178 of short pointer 113 port is in high level.Single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB sends synchronous driving instruction, see Fig. 9 to orientation drive motor 80 and elevation angle drive motor 91.
(2) when ring needle sensor 163 is in the cloudy day or is rainy: 102 li, large ring is inlayed each photodiode VD101 ~ VD172 and is in high level.Meanwhile, the photodiode VD177 of Long pointer 115 port and the photodiode VD178 of short pointer 113 port is also in high level.Single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB stops sending synchronous driving instruction to orientation drive motor 80 and elevation angle drive motor 91.
(3) when ring needle sensor 163 is in night: each photodiode VD101 ~ VD172 that large 102 li, ring is inlayed is in high level.Meanwhile, the photodiode VD177 of Long pointer 115 port and the photodiode VD178 of short pointer 113 port is in high level.Single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB stops sending synchronous driving instruction to orientation drive motor 80 and elevation angle drive motor 91.
(4) when ring needle sensor 163 be in thunder lightning at cloudy day or night time: inlay in large ring 102 in each photodiode VD101 ~ VD172, the Long pointer 115 lightning shade produced due to lightning has hidden certain photodiode, when this photodiode is in high level, other photodiode of large ring 102 is in low level.Meanwhile, the photodiode VD177 of Long pointer 115 port and the photodiode VD178 of short pointer 113 port is in a low level and a high level respectively.But, due to acquisition time repetitive measurement in 5 seconds, get rid of the interference of the accidentalia such as lightning, therefore track and localization signal cannot be stablized in acquisition time, then single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB stops sending synchronous driving instruction to orientation drive motor 80 and elevation angle drive motor 91.
(5) when ring needle sensor 163 is at sunrise: ring needle sensor 163 also rests on acronical orientation yesterday.Namely 102 li, large ring is inlayed each photodiode VD101 ~ VD172 and is in high level, and the photodiode VD177 of Long pointer 115 port is in high level; When the photodiode VD178 of short pointer 113 port is in low level.Single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB sends the instruction at counterclockwise turnback angle to orientation drive motor 80.After instruction completes.In the photodiode VD101 ~ VD172 inlayed according to 102 li, large ring again.Certain photodiode is hidden by the sunlight shade of Long pointer 115, when this photodiode is in high level, track and localization signal is passed to single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB, and single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB sends synchronous driving instruction to orientation drive motor 80 and elevation angle drive motor 91 again.Now, total system starts solar azimuth and the low-angle tracking of one day, automatically gathers follow the tracks of and drive once every 20 minutes.
(6) when ring needle sensor 163 is in special weather: such as sunrise is after 1 hour, the unexpected weather cloudy day rains, but, in the afternoon 17 time fine day sunrise, ring needle sensor 163 also rests in the sunrise orientation of 1 hour.Namely 102 li, large ring is inlayed each photodiode VD101 ~ VD172 and is in high level.Equally, the photodiode VD177 of Long pointer 115 port is in high level, when the photodiode VD178 of short pointer 113 port is in low level.Single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB sends the instruction driving turnback angle counterclockwise to orientation drive motor 80.Very fast orientation drives the starting point just arriving driving scope, namely orientation drives arrival 10 degree of points, at this moment braking catch 94 enters in the slit of the photoelectric coupling sensor of orientation starting point clamping device 83, photoelectric coupling between VD179 and TVD179 is interrupted, single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB sends and drives halt instruction immediately, and drive orientation to turn 260 degree of angles along clockwise direction, the now positive west (namely this orientation is 270 degree) of bearing sense.Next step tracking orientation provided according to large ring 102 ring needle sensor 163 again and elevation information, carry out high-precision solar tracking and driving.
The tracking at embodiment 2 orientation and the elevation angle and driving
Geographic position, the Northern Hemisphere residing for China, particularly the annual sunshine-duration in 5 to August is the longest, is also the golden season of solar electrical energy generation.In high latitude area, every day sunshine-duration, namely the orientation of the running orbit of the sun was much larger than 180 degree much larger than 12 hours; Low latitudes on the south the tropic of Cancer, elevation angle running orbit is more than 90 degree; On high mountain, the elevation angle is lower than zero degree (surface level is zero degree).The technical indicator that background technology orientation and the elevation angle drive all can not reach the demand of high latitude, low latitude and alpine region simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 8,9, 10, the driving scope of orientation drive motor 80 is by 180 degree of background technology, and the present invention expands as 340 degree (the semi-ring tooth bar 87 of 180 of background technology degree of arcs being changed into the semi-ring tooth bar 87 of 340 degree of arcs in electronic orientation mechanical part); And to the critical piece that orientation rises, dead center sensor is orientation clamping device 83 in orientation clamping device 83(Fig. 4, orientation rises, dead center sensor is exactly following being made up of light emitting diode and photodiode.As shown in Figure 5, the photoelectric coupling sensor that point sensor is made up of TVD179 and VD179 is namely played; Photoelectric coupling sensor that dead center sensor is made up of TVD180 and VD180) installation site carried out the variation of expanding stroke, orientation clamping device 83 is connected with pedestal 75, and fixing with bolt 100.Elevation angle drive motor 91 drives scope (be 0 degree angle with surface level) by 0 ~ 90 degree of background technology, and the present invention expands as-5 ~+120 degree.And the variation of expanding stroke has been carried out to the installation site of elevation angle clamping device 70; Reach the demand of China's each department different latitude completely.
As shown in Figure 10,11,12, on the surface level of the shell of orientation and elevation drive, water-proof cable input socket 97 and a compass 99 that orientation and the elevation angle drive are installed; Increase manual placement worm and gear 57 device, wherein 56 is bearing ball, for the bearing direction Due South of intermediate value 180 degree of calibration points 96 of orientation following range.When arriving new guard station and installing solar cell ring pin type sunshine tracking drive system of the present invention, first, according to the compass 99 on drive unit shell, rotation manual orientation worm and gear 57, drives intermediate value 180 degree of calibration points 96 of scope to aim at Due South by orientation.
As shown in Figure 9, orientation of the present invention following range is at 10 ~ 350 degree.With the center of circle of the semi-ring tooth bar 87 in electronic orientation mechanical part for starting point, when the ray along elevation drive bar 71 is 0 degree of angle, orientation rises, the position of the starting point of stop braking sensor and stop is respectively outside the semi-ring tooth bar 87 at 10 degree of angles and 350 degree of angles.At the rising of orientation following range, dead-centre position respectively design and installation photodiode VD179 and VD180, light emitting diode TVD179 and TVD180 corresponding with it, form photoelectric coupling sensor, diode installed TVD179 and photodiode VD179, two diodes are coaxially mounted opposite, in the middle of two diodes, have a slit, braking catch 94 can enter in its slit.Rise, stop set up can prevent solar panel output cable, sensor signal cable and orientation, elevation angle driving cable azimuth rotation scope more than 10 degree or 350 degree time the cable winding that occurs and break problem.When braking catch 94 and entering in the slit of TVD179 and VD179, coupling light between light emitting diode TVD179 and photodiode VD179 is braked catch 94 and blocks, now photodiode VD179 is cut-off state, photodiode VD179 internal resistance is infinitely great, so the voltage of photodiode VD179 and resistance R79 intermediate ends is high level, high level state is input to the input end 7D of latch, single-chip microcomputer sends and drives halt instruction immediately, and drive electronic orientation mechanical part to turn 260 degree of angles along clockwise direction, the now positive west (namely this orientation is 270 degree) of bearing sense.Next step orientation provided according to large ring sensor again and low-angle tracking information, carry out high-precision solar tracking.Track and localization signal is passed to single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer sends synchronous driving instruction to orientation drive motor 80 and elevation angle drive motor 91 again.Stop installs a light emitting diode TVD180 and photodiode VD180, and two diodes are coaxially mounted opposite, in the middle of two diodes, have a slit, and braking catch can enter in its slit.When braking catch and entering in the slit between light emitting diode TVD180 and photodiode VD180, be braked catch 94 between light emitting diode TVD180 and photodiode VD180 to block, now photodiode VD180 is cut-off state, photodiode VD180 internal resistance is infinitely great, so the intermediate ends voltage of photodiode VD180 and resistance R80 is high level, high level state is input to the input end 8D of latch, single-chip microcomputer sends and drives halt instruction immediately, and drive electronic orientation mechanical part to turn 260 degree of angles in the counterclockwise direction, now bearing sense due east (namely this orientation is 90 degree).Next step orientation provided according to large ring sensor again and low-angle tracking information, carry out high-precision solar tracking.Track and localization signal is passed to single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer sends driving instruction to orientation drive motor 80 and elevation angle drive motor 91 again.
The elevation angle clamping device 70 of motorized elevation mechanical part, brakes plate washer by the elevation angle and elevation drive bar 71 forms; Elevation angle braking plate washer has two pieces, between angle 125 degree, the stroke of restriction elevation drive bar 71 is in the middle of two elevations angle braking plate washers; Orientation is vertically housed in elevation drive bar 71 termination and the elevation angle drives fixed head 72.Low-angle tracking drives scope to be at-5 ~+120 degree (be 0 degree angle with surface level).Sunshine tracking and the drived control working time of ring needle sensor can reach 18 hours, but in background technology, sunshine tracking and the drived control working time of honeycomb fashion sensor can only within 12 hours.Orientation of the present invention, low-angle tracking and driving scope cover the running orbit of the sun completely, and have lightweight, the feature such as volume is little, little and structure is simple by windage resistance.
For alleviating the load of elevation angle drive motor 91, the symmetrical place of the elevation drive bar 71 of the present invention on elevation angle gear wheel 77 adds the installation of balancing weight 98, sees Fig. 8,9.Therefore, the mounting arrangement of orientation drive motor 80 and elevation angle drive motor 91 all changes, as shown in Figure 9.
Other embodiment is identical with background technology, omits at this.
Embodiment 3 solar panel and support
As shown in Figure 13,14,15,16, solar panel 121 has following characteristics: solar panel 121 is designed to folding carton 132 formula, is easy to carry and installs.The shell 131 of folding carton 132 is aluminum alloy materials, has the advantages that quality is light and intensity is high.At the shell 131 of solar panel 121, connection plug-in unit 128 is installed, connects plug-in unit 128 rivet 129 and fix with shell 131, be convenient to the connection of support 145 and fix, see Figure 14, Figure 16.The housing 124 of solar panel 121 inlays rubber strip 123, makes folding carton 132 in Automobile Transportation way, effectively can prevent vibrations and the fragmentation of solar panel 121.And on the shell 131 of folding carton 132, four harder rubber cylinders 130 are installed at the back side of every block solar panel 121.Prevent the shell 131 connecting plug-in unit 128 and solar panel 121 from damaging.At housing 124 bottom side of every block solar panel 121, the water-proof cable power output socket 122 of solar panel 121 is housed.In addition, the shell 131 of folding carton 132 installs two snap closes 125, the shell 131 of folding carton 132 is installed the handle 126 of folding carton 132, connects with folding 127 between two pieces of solar panels 121 of each folding carton 132.
As shown in figure 16, support 145 adopts the steel plate of high strength to make, for alleviating the weight of support 145, and support 145 is designed to " going out " font.Dismantle the not used time at support 145, for volume, the solution reducing support 145 is installed and carrying problem, support 145 is designed to collapsible, and support is connected with the shell 131 of solar panel 121, and fixes with bolt 142.Connect with folding 144 in the middle of support 145, have six screws 143 around folding 144, screw 143 drives the screw 85 on fixed head 72 connect and use fastened by screw for same orientation and the elevation angle.
The vehicle-mounted syndeton of embodiment 4 and installation, debugging and generating
Figure 17,18,19 provide respectively a kind of stop time open boot solar cell working state, a kind of stop time close boot solar cell working state and drive a vehicle time laying state.
The present invention is when automobile parking opens boot, solar cell enters power generation operation state: as shown in figure 17, one-piece construction of the present invention is positioned at the rear side 159 of vehicle, have be connected at 3 with vehicle, lay respectively at that Che Liang rear portion buckle 154 connects, rear door frame right bottom axle 151 connects and is connected with rear door frame upper right quarter folding 152, buckle opening handle 150 forms snap close with Che Liang rear portion buckle 154 and is connected.When solar cell power generation works, the unlatching not affecting automobile back door 161 uses.
Process and the status of integral installation debugging are as follows: first, pull the opening handle 150 of Che Liang rear portion buckle 154, under the effect of hydraulic stem 165, are horizontally pulled open on right side by this device.Back door 161, under the power-assisted of the hydraulic stem 153 of both sides, back door, can upwardly open smoothly.Two sun power folding cartons, 132, folding rack 145 and sensor 163 is taken out from boot 158.According to compass 99 azimuth information, rotation manual orientation worm and gear 57 device, drives intermediate value 180 degree of calibration points 96 of scope to aim at Due South by orientation.Launched by folding rack 145, have six screws 143 around folding 144, screw 143 drives the screw 85 on fixed head 72 to connect for same orientation and the elevation angle, and is screwed.One of them sun power folding carton 132 being launched, being connected with the bottom of support 145 by connecting plug-in unit 128, and the screw 142 that is tightened; Again another sun power folding carton 132 being launched, being connected with the top of support 145 by connecting plug-in unit 128, then the screw 142 that is tightened.By web member 108, sensor 163 and solar panel 121 are connected as one.Sensor 163 is mounted on solar panel 121 lower left quarter, and web member screw 109 is fixed.
Plate connector 155 is equipped with on car rear bumper top, has waterproof cover 160 outside plate connector 155, driving a vehicle or covering waterproof cover 160 when not generating electricity, waterproof and dust-proof.The input socket that the signal water-proof cable that plate connector 155 comprises sensor 163 is connected; The water-proof cable socket be connected with the driving of elevation drive shell 86 with orientation; The input socket that the power supply water-proof cable of four pieces of solar panels 121 is connected; By 220 volts of alternating current power supply output sockets that accumulator and power inverter export.
Be connected with sensor socket 117 upper end of the signal water-proof cable of sensor 163 and be tightened, lower end is connected with the signal water-proof cable plate connector 155 on car rear bumper top and is tightened; Upper end orientation being connected water-proof cable with the driving of elevation drive shell 86 is connected with the top gang socket 97 of orientation and elevation drive shell 86 and is tightened, lower end is connected water-proof cable plate connector 155 with the driving on car rear bumper top and connects, and is tightened; Connected respectively at four pieces of solar panel 121 accessory power outlets 122 upper end that four power supplys connect water-proof cable, and be tightened, lower end inputs plate connector 155 with the power supply water-proof cable on car rear bumper top and is connected, and is tightened; Accumulator is connected alternating current output cable by output 220 volts of AC power of inverter by the plate connector 155 on car rear bumper top receive in tent.Adjustment manual placement worm and gear 57 device, drives the bearing direction Due South of intermediate value 180 degree of calibration points 96 of scope by orientation; Rotation of worm gear worm screw lifting gear 156 handle, lifting gear makes the leading screw 157 of joint pin constantly promote orientation and elevation drive, makes the base of solar panel 121 a little more than vehicle roof highest point, and pins worm and gear lifting gear 156 handle.Open the power supply of single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB in car, make whole system enter from motion tracking and drive power generation operation state.
The present invention is when automobile parking closes boot, and as shown in figure 18, when installment and debugging stage and unlatching boot, the installment and debugging of solar cell power generation is consistent.Just after installment and debugging work completes, whole electricity generation system returns to 3 fixing (Che Liang rear portion buckle 154, rear door frame right bottom axle 151 and rear door frame upper right quarter foldings 152), and Che Liang rear portion buckle 154 is locked with spanner 150.Need to readjust manual placement worm and gear 57 device, drive the bearing direction Due South of intermediate value 180 degree of calibration points 96 of scope for orientation.
The present invention, when vehicle travels, as shown in figure 19, by rotation of worm gear worm screw lifting gear 156 handle, makes orientation and elevation drive reduce.Remove all stube cables, unscrew fixed screw, sensor 163 and solar panel 121 are separated.Two pieces of solar panels 121 are folded into case 132, and by locked for snap close 125.Unload lower carriage 145 and fold, then together they being loaded boot 158.Inspection trolley beam rear portion buckle 154 and spanner 150 locked.When vehicle travels, joint pin 172 is positioned at position to the right, car rear, and the position of joint pin 172 neither hinders the visual angle seeing car plate 170, does not also affect the light that taillight 171 sends.
Claims (6)
1. a Vehicular solar battery ring pin type sunshine tracking drive system, structure comprises solar panel, latch, code translator, single-chip microcomputer, orientation and elevation drive, described orientation and elevation drive, be made up of orientation drive motor and elevation angle drive motor driving circuit, electronic orientation mechanical part, motorized elevation mechanical part; It is characterized in that, structure also has ring needle sensor (163); The sunshine information obtained by ring needle sensor (163) through latch, then through code translator selected input to single-chip microcomputer, by Single-chip Controlling orientation and elevation drive, makes solar panel follow the tracks of sunshine and provides electric energy;
Described ring needle sensor (163), is made up of large ring sensor, little ring sensor, minute hand sensor and hour hand sensor; Surface plate (101) surrounds a large ring (102) with photodiode, separates with dividing plate (104) between each neighboring photosensitive diode; In large ring (102), surround a concentric little ring (105) with photodiode, between each neighboring photosensitive diode with dividing plate (104) separately; Vertically be fixed with a Long pointer (115) at front large ring (102) circle centre position of surface plate (101), Long pointer (115) external end head is equipped with a photodiode; Vertically be fixed with a short pointer (113) at the back side large ring (102) circle centre position of surface plate (101), short pointer (113) external end head is equipped with a photodiode; By web member (108), ring needle sensor surface plate (101) and solar panel shell (131) are connected as one, at surface plate (101) back side, signal cable accessory power outlet (117) is housed, cable accessory power outlet (117) is electrically connected with photodiode respectively.
2. Vehicular solar battery ring pin type sunshine tracking drive system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the radian of the semi-ring tooth bar (87) of electronic orientation mechanical part is wherein 340 degree;
The orientation clamping device (83) of electronic orientation mechanical part wherein, is risen by orientation, dead center sensor and braking washer (94) forms; Orientation plays point sensor by being coaxially mounted opposite light emitting diode (TVD179) and photodiode (VD179) forms, and has slit in the middle of light emitting diode (TVD179) and photodiode (VD179); Orientation dead center sensor, by being coaxially mounted opposite light emitting diode (TVD180) and photodiode (VD180) forms, has slit in the middle of light emitting diode (TVD180) and photodiode (VD180); With the center of circle of the semi-ring tooth bar (87) in electronic orientation mechanical part for starting point, when ray along elevation drive bar (71) is 0 degree of angle, orientation rises, the position of the starting point of the braking sensor of stop and terminal is respectively in semi-ring tooth bar (87) outside at 10 degree of angles and 350 degree of angles; When braking washer (94) arrives starting point, just arrive the slit in the middle of light emitting diode (TVD179) and photodiode (VD179), the photoelectric coupling between light emitting diode (TVD179) and photodiode (VD179) is interrupted; When braking washer (94) is reached home, just arrive the slit in the middle of light emitting diode (TVD180) and photodiode (VD180), the photoelectric coupling between light emitting diode (TVD180) and photodiode (VD180) is interrupted;
The elevation angle clamping device (70) of motorized elevation mechanical part wherein, brakes plate washer by the elevation angle and elevation drive bar (71) forms; The elevation angle braking plate washer have two pieces, between angle 125 degree, restriction elevation drive bar (71) stroke two the elevations angle braking plate washers in the middle of; Orientation is vertically housed in elevation drive bar (71) termination and the elevation angle drives fixed head (72).
3. Vehicular solar battery ring pin type sunshine tracking drive system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described large ring (102), be made up of the arrangement of 72 photodiodes (VD101 ~ VD172), then sunray positioning precision is 5 degree, makes single-chip microcomputer send the locating information once gathered in every 20 minutes.
4. Vehicular solar battery ring pin type sunshine tracking drive system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described Long pointer (115) and short pointer (113), be made into thin tube-like; The front end of the photodiode (VD177) of Long pointer (115) termination and the photodiode (VD178) of short pointer (113) termination uses semisphere glass (119) to close respectively.
5. Vehicular solar battery ring pin type sunshine tracking drive system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, in orientation and elevation drive shell (86), the cable input socket (97) that azimuth-elevation drives is installed, compass (99), manual placement worm and gear (57), leading screw (157) upper end mounting base (75) below orientation and elevation drive, bearing ball (56) is housed between leading screw (157) and pedestal (75), handling manual placement worm and gear (57) can make pedestal (75) horizontally rotate, for calibration points (96) the bearing direction due south of the intermediate value 180 degree of orientation following range.
6. Vehicular solar battery ring pin type sunshine tracking drive system according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, on elevation angle gear wheel (77), install balancing weight (98) with the load-bearing symmetric position of elevation drive bar (71).
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| CN201410006971.7A CN103676978B (en) | 2014-01-07 | 2014-01-07 | Vehicular solar battery ring pin type sunshine tracking drive system |
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| CN201410006971.7A CN103676978B (en) | 2014-01-07 | 2014-01-07 | Vehicular solar battery ring pin type sunshine tracking drive system |
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| CN106873646A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-06-20 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of daylight tracing system based on shadow control |
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| CN101930237A (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2010-12-29 | 薛恩达 | Automatic sun tracking method and device |
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| KR20080098473A (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2008-11-10 | 최성오 | Solar tracking device with drive system |
| KR101005748B1 (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2011-01-06 | 지앤씨테크(주) | Solar tracking apparatus |
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