CN103676978A - Ring-needle sunlight tracking driving system of car-mounted solar battery - Google Patents
Ring-needle sunlight tracking driving system of car-mounted solar battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN103676978A CN103676978A CN201410006971.7A CN201410006971A CN103676978A CN 103676978 A CN103676978 A CN 103676978A CN 201410006971 A CN201410006971 A CN 201410006971A CN 103676978 A CN103676978 A CN 103676978A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a ring-needle sunlight tracking driving system of a car-mounted solar battery, which belongs to the technical field of solar application. The ring-needle sunlight tracking driving system comprises a solar panel, a latch, a decoder, a single chip microprocessor, an azimuth and elevation driving device and a ring-needle sensor (163); the sunlight information obtained by the ring-needle sensor is inputted to the single chip microprocessor through the latch and the decoder, and the azimuth and elevation driving device is controlled by the single chip microprocessor, so that the solar panel tracks the sunlight to provide the electric power. The ring-needle sensor is characterized in that photosensitive diodes are encircled to form a large ring (102) and a small ring (105) on a surface plate (101), and a separation plate (104) is arranged between two adjacent photosensitive diodes; the front surface and the back surface of the surface plate are respectively provided with a long pointer (115) and a short pointer (113), which are vertical to an installation end. The sensor is light in weight, small in size, small in air resistance and simple in structure; the azimuth and elevation synchronous tracking driving is realized, so that the tracking range completely covers a movement path of the sun.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solar electrical energy generation application, particularly the sunshine tracking drive system of the Vehicular solar battery when parking.
Background technology
That name is called the patent of invention of " honeycomb sunlight following control system ", the patent No.: ZL201010559618.3 with the immediate prior art of the present invention.Honeycomb sunlight following control system is comprised of honeycomb fashion sunray orientation and elevation setting part, electronic control part, electronic orientation mechanical part and electronic elevation angle mechanical part.
Described honeycomb fashion sunray orientation and elevation setting part, by hexagonal pyramid shape cylinder 62, arrange the shape that forms 1/4 sphere, a photodiode VD11 is respectively equipped with in each hexagonal pyramid shape cylinder 62 inner end, and the orientation and the elevation setting wiring board 65 that are fixed in peripheral housing 61 form.
Described electronic control part, is comprised of multi-channel data selector circuit, AD converter, single-chip microcomputer, orientation and elevation angle tracking motor circuit, keyboard circuit, orientation drive motor and elevation angle drive motor driving circuit.
Described electronic orientation mechanical part, consists of orientation drive motor, speed reduction unit, semi-ring tooth bar, azimuth base, bearing supporting frame, clamping device; When receiving the orientation deflection command of orientation and elevation angle motor-drive circuit, orientation drive motor 80 slows down through speed reduction unit 90, and driven gear transmission shaft 81 rotates on semi-ring tooth bar 87, make azimuth base 88 produce smooth rotation with pedestal 75 under bearing 89 supports, reach the effect that follow the tracks of in orientation.
Described electronic elevation angle mechanical part, consists of elevation angle drive motor, speed reduction unit, gear wheel, gear wheel support, clamping device; When receiving the elevation angle deflection command of orientation and elevation angle motor-drive circuit, elevation angle drive motor 91 slows down through speed reduction unit 73, driven gear transmission shaft 74, the gear teeth 76 interlocks on gearing shaft 74 and elevation angle gear wheel 77 cylindricals, and drive elevation angle drive link 71 fixing on elevation angle gear wheel 77.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, the solar cell power generation problem of parking when field scientific investigation and countryside tourism are camped, thereby, solve the demands such as battery charging of LED illumination at night, the power supply of computer notebook, mobile phone and camera; Change diesel-driven generator in the past or the consumption of startup primary energy that automobile generating brings, the problems such as the noise that solution brings to environment and atmospheric pollution.
To achieve the object of the present invention, adopt following technical scheme.
A kind of Vehicular solar battery ring pin type sunshine tracking drive system, structure comprises solar panel, latch, code translator, single-chip microcomputer, orientation and elevation drive, described orientation and elevation drive, consist of the orientation drive motor the same with background technology and elevation angle drive motor driving circuit, electronic orientation mechanical part, electronic elevation angle mechanical part; It is characterized in that, structure is encircled needle sensor 163 in addition; The sunshine information being obtained by ring needle sensor 163 is through latch, then through code translator selected input to single-chip microcomputer, by Single-chip Controlling orientation and elevation drive, make solar panel follow the tracks of sunshine electric energy be provided;
Described ring needle sensor 163, consists of large ring sensor, little ring sensor, minute hand sensor and hour hand sensor; On surface plate 101, with photodiode (VD101～VD172), surround a large ring 102, between each adjacent photodiode, with dividing plate 104, separate; With photodiode (VD173～VD176), surround a concentric little ring 105 large ring 102 is interior, between each adjacent photodiode, with dividing plate 104, separate; In the front of surface plate 101, large ring 102 circle centre positions are vertically fixed with a Long pointer 115, and Long pointer 115 external end heads are equipped with a photodiode (VD177); At the back side of surface plate 101, large ring 102 circle centre positions are vertically fixed with a short pointer 113, and short pointer 113 external end heads are equipped with a photodiode (VD178); By web member 108, ring needle sensor surface plate 101 and solar panel shell 131 are connected as one, at surface plate 101 back sides, signal cable accessory power outlet 117 is housed, cable accessory power outlet 117 is electrically connected to photodiode respectively.
The orientation of background technology and elevation drive can directly be used, and the present invention, for expanding tracking and the driving scope at orientation and the elevation angle, has done following improvement to orientation clamping device 83 and elevation angle clamping device 70:
The radian of the semi-ring tooth bar 87 of electronic orientation mechanical part is wherein 340 degree;
The orientation clamping device 83 of electronic orientation mechanical part wherein, by orientation rise, dead center sensor and braking washer 94 form; Orientation plays point sensor and is comprised of coaxial diode installed (TVD179) relatively and photodiode (VD179), has slit in the middle of light emitting diode (TVD179) and photodiode (VD179); Orientation dead center sensor is comprised of coaxial diode installed (TVD180) relatively and photodiode (VD180), has slit in the middle of light emitting diode (TVD180) and photodiode (VD180); Take the center of circle of the semi-ring tooth bar 87 in electronic orientation mechanical part is starting point, and while being 0 degree angle along the ray of elevation angle drive link 71, orientation rises, the starting point of the braking sensor of stop and the position of terminal be respectively in semi-ring tooth bar 87 outsides at 10 degree angles and 350 degree angles; When braking washer 94 arrives starting point, just arrive the middle slit of light emitting diode (TVD179) and photodiode (VD179), the photoelectric coupling between light emitting diode (TVD179) and photodiode (VD179) is interrupted; When braking washer 94 is reached home, just arrive the middle slit of light emitting diode (TVD180) and photodiode (VD180), the photoelectric coupling between light emitting diode (TVD180) and photodiode (VD180) is interrupted;
The elevation angle clamping device 70 of electronic elevation angle mechanical part wherein, is comprised of elevation angle braking plate washer and elevation angle drive link 71; Braking plate washer in the elevation angle has two, between angle 125 degree, the stroke of restriction elevation angle drive link 71 is in the middle of two elevations angle braking plate washers; Orientation is vertically housed in elevation angle drive link 71 terminations and the elevation angle drives fixed head 72.
On surface plate 101, can have 72 photodiodes (VD101～VD172) to arrange and form large ring 102, sunray positioning precision is 5 degree, makes single-chip microcomputer within every 20 minutes, send the locating information once gathering.
On the shell 86 of orientation and elevation drive, cable input socket 97, compass 99, manual orientation worm and gear 57 that the elevation angle, orientation drives are installed, leading screw 157 upper end mounting bases 75 below orientation and elevation drive, at leading screw 157 and 75 of pedestals, bearing ball 56 is housed, handle manual orientation worm and gear 57 and can make pedestal 75 horizontally rotate, the calibration points 96 bearing direction due south of spending for the intermediate value 180 of orientation following range.
On elevation angle gear wheel 77, with the load-bearing symmetric position of elevation angle drive link 71, balancing weight 98 is installed.
The invention solves following technical matters, also just obtained following beneficial effect:
1, sensor is followed the tracks of the problem of the expanded range at orientation and the elevation angle, makes orientation, elevation angle following range cover the running orbit of the sun completely.
2, solve the problems such as sensor mass is light, and volume is little, windage is little and simple in structure.
3, increase the stroke of the driving at orientation and the elevation angle.
The winding problem of all cable connections, i.e. orientation braking sensor while 4, solving orientation driving.
5, reduce elevation angle drive motor loading problem, increase counter weight device.
6, at sunrise, solve solar panels evening before that day orientation large rotation angle, follow the tracks of and driving problems.
7, when sensor is in special weather: sunrise is after 1 hour, and the weather cloudy day rains suddenly, 17 fine day sunrise in the afternoon, when sensor also rests on the sunrise direction of 1 hour, the existing tracking problem of sensor.
8, solve orientation and the synchronous driving problems in the elevation angle.Reach the object that orientation and the elevation angle synchronously complete driving.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front view of ring needle sensor of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the rear view of ring needle sensor of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is one-piece construction block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is that ring needle sensor of the present invention, orientation rise, the connecting circuit figure of dead center sensor and latch.
Fig. 6 is part (lower right corner) enlarged drawing of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram of the controlling and driving circuits that is electrically connected to code translator 74HC154, orientation and elevation drive of single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the front view of orientation of the present invention and elevation drive.
Fig. 9 is the vertical view of orientation of the present invention and elevation drive.
Figure 10 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 8.
Figure 11 is orientation of the present invention and elevation drive outward appearance front view.
Figure 12 is orientation of the present invention and elevation drive outward appearance vertical view.
Figure 13 is solar panel front view of the present invention.
Figure 14 is solar panel rear view of the present invention.
Figure 15 is the front view of solar cell case of the present invention.
Figure 16 is solar-cell panel support schematic diagram of the present invention.
Figure 17 be of the present invention a kind of when stopping the solar cell working view of (unlatching boot).
Figure 18 be another kind of the present invention when stopping solar cell working view of (closing boot).
Figure 19 is the laying state schematic diagram of the present invention when driving.
Embodiment
Ring needle sensor as shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, surrounds a large ring 102 with photodiode VD101～VD172 on surface plate 101, between each photodiode, with dividing plate 104, separates; Inner side at large ring 102 surrounds a little ring 105 concentric with large ring 102 with photodiode VD173～VD176; Between each photodiode, also with dividing plate 104, separate; Circle centre position at little ring 105 is equipped with a Long pointer 115, and Long pointer 115 center is empty, is thin tube-like, facilitates passing of wire.Long pointer 115, on surface plate 101, has shorter short pointer 113 at surface plate 101 back sides.Short pointer 113 center is empty, is thin tube-like, facilitates passing of wire.At surface plate 101 Long pointer 115 ports above, a photodiode VD177 is housed.Short pointer 113 ports at surface plate 101 back sides are equipped with a photodiode VD178.Long pointer 115 and short pointer 113 can be fixed on surface plate 101 perpendicular to surface plate 101 with fluid sealant 116.The light-receiving angle of photodiode VD177 and VD178 is 180 degree.By web member 108, ring needle sensor surface plate 101 and solar panel shell 131 are connected as one, can be fixing with screw 109, when orientation and elevation angle driving and tracking, ring needle sensor surface plate 101 drives for synchronizeing to follow the tracks of with solar panel shell 131.The waterproof signal cable accessory power outlet 117 of ring needle sensor is housed at ring needle sensor surface plate 101 back sides, and fixing with screw 118.The tempered glass 114 of all using above of photodiode VD101～VD176 seals.The front end of photodiode VD177 and VD178 all, with 119 sealings of semisphere glass, guarantees that light-receiving angle is 180 degree.
The high-precision sunray that act as of large ring 102 is located.The orientation of the sun within one day, be 360 degree/24 hour=15 degree/hour, 15/60 minutes=0.25 degree/min of degree.When single-chip microcomputer sends while once gathering locating information for every 20 minutes, sunray positioning precision is 5 degree, and 360 degree/5 degree=72, can inlay 72 photodiodes (VD101～VD172) so encircle greatly 102.In 102 li of 72 photodiodes inlaying of large ring, the position at each photodiode place is comprising its intrinsic orientation and elevation location information, and their intrinsic orientation and elevation location information are pre-entered into single-chip microcomputer.In 72 photodiodes that 102 li, large ring is inlayed, certain photodiode is hidden by the sunlight shade of Long pointer 115, this photodiode is in high level, positioning signal (ratio at orientation and the elevation angle) is passed to single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer sends driving instruction to orientation drive motor 80 and elevation angle drive motor 91 more simultaneously.Orientation drive motor 80 and elevation angle drive motor 91, by the ratio of orientation and each self-driven distance of the elevation angle, are adjusted driving speed separately, reach the object that synchronously completes driving.105 li, little ring is inlayed 4 photodiodes (VD173～VD176), and when 4 photodiodes are all in low level, 4 photodiodes are not all hidden by the sunlight shade of Long pointer 115.Little ring will stop driving signal to pass to single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer sends and stops driving instruction to orientation drive motor and elevation angle drive motor.
Ring needle sensor and control circuit principle of work, referring to Fig. 4,5,6,7.Large ring sensor (being formed by VD101-VD172), little ring sensor (being formed by VD173-VD176), long and short pin sensor (being formed by VD177, VD178) and orientation rises, the signal of dead center sensor (consisting of VD179, TVD179:VD180, TVD180) is all input in latch 74HC573, single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB controls code translator 74HC154 the signal of ten latch 74HC573 is divided into groups to selected input in single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB, and single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB sends driving instruction to orientation drive motor 80 and elevation angle drive motor 91 simultaneously.Fig. 5 provides the connecting circuit figure of ring needle sensor, orientation (rise, stop) sensor and latch.Fig. 6 is part (lower right corner) enlarged drawing of Fig. 5.Fig. 7 provides the circuit diagram of the controlling and driving circuits that single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB is electrically connected to code translator, orientation and elevation drive.
The principle of work of this ring needle sensor 163 under various weather environments, specific as follows:
(1) when ring needle sensor 163 is in fine day: in 102 li of photodiode VD101～VD172 that inlay of large ring, certain photodiode is hidden by the sunlight shade of Long pointer 115, this photodiode is in high level, encircles greatly 102 other photodiodes all in low level.Meanwhile, the photodiode VD177 of Long pointer 115 ports is in low level, and the photodiode VD178 of short pointer 113 ports is in high level.Single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB sends synchronous driving instruction to orientation drive motor 80 and elevation angle drive motor 91, referring to Fig. 9.
(2) when ring needle sensor 163 is in the cloudy day or when rainy: 102 li, large ring is inlayed each photodiode VD101～VD172 and is in high level.Meanwhile, the photodiode VD178 of the photodiode VD177 of Long pointer 115 ports and short pointer 113 ports is also in high level.Single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB stops sending synchronous driving instruction to orientation drive motor 80 and elevation angle drive motor 91.
(3) when ring needle sensor 163 is in night: encircle greatly 102 li of each photodiode VD101～VD172 inlaying and be in high level.Meanwhile, the photodiode VD178 of the photodiode VD177 of Long pointer 115 ports and short pointer 113 ports is in high level.Single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB stops sending synchronous driving instruction to orientation drive motor 80 and elevation angle drive motor 91.
(4) when ring needle sensor 163 is in while cloudy day or night thundering lightning: inlay in each photodiode VD101～VD172 on 102 li, large ring, the Long pointer 115 lightning shades that produce due to lightning have hidden certain photodiode, when this photodiode is in high level, encircles greatly other photodiode of 102 and be in low level.Meanwhile, the photodiode VD178 of the photodiode VD177 of Long pointer 115 ports and short pointer 113 ports is respectively in a low level and a high level.But, because acquisition time was repeatedly measured in 5 seconds, get rid of the interference of the accidentalia such as lightning, so track and localization signal cannot stablize in acquisition time, single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB stops sending synchronous driving instruction to orientation drive motor 80 and elevation angle drive motor 91.
(5) when ring needle sensor 163 is at sunrise: ring needle sensor 163 also rests on acronical orientation yesterday.102 li, large ring is inlayed each photodiode VD101～VD172 and is in high level, and the photodiode VD177 of Long pointer 115 ports is in high level; The photodiode VD178 of short pointer 113 ports is when low level.Single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB sends the instruction at counterclockwise turnback angle to orientation drive motor 80.After instruction completes.Again according in 102 li of photodiode VD101～VD172 that inlay of large ring.Certain photodiode is hidden by the sunlight shade of Long pointer 115, when this photodiode is in high level, track and localization signal is passed to single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB, and single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB sends synchronous driving instruction to orientation drive motor 80 and elevation angle drive motor 91 again.Now, follow the tracks of at solar azimuth and the elevation angle that total system starts one day, every 20 minutes, automatically gathers and follow the tracks of and drive once.
(6) for example, when ring needle sensor 163 is while being in special weather: sunrise is after 1 hour, and the weather cloudy day rains suddenly, still, fine day sunrise 17 time in the afternoon, ring needle sensor 163 also rests in the sunrise orientation of 1 hour.102 li, large ring is inlayed each photodiode VD101～VD172 and is in high level.Equally, the photodiode VD177 of Long pointer 115 ports is in high level, and the photodiode VD178 of short pointer 113 ports is when low level.Single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB sends the instruction at counterclockwise driving turnback angle to orientation drive motor 80.Very fast orientation drives the starting point that just arrives driving scope, be that orientation drives arrival 10 degree points, at this moment brake in the slit of photoelectric coupling sensor that catch 94 enters into orientation starting point clamping device 83, photoelectric coupling between VD179 and TVD179 is interrupted, single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB sends and drives halt instruction immediately, and drive along clockwise direction orientation to turn 260 degree angles, the positive west of bearing sense (being that this orientation is 270 degree) now.Tracking orientation and elevation information that next step provides according to large ring 102 ring needle sensors 163 again, carry out high-precision solar tracking and driving.
Tracking and the driving at embodiment 2 orientation and the elevation angle
According to geographic position, the residing Northern Hemisphere of China, particularly annual 5 to August, the sunshine-duration was the longest, was also the golden season of solar electrical energy generation.In high latitude area, every day sunshine-duration, namely the orientation of the running orbit of the sun was much larger than 180 degree much larger than 12 hours; Low latitudes on the south the tropic of Cancer, elevation angle running orbit surpasses 90 degree; On high mountain, the elevation angle is lower than zero degree (surface level is zero degree).The technical indicator that background technology orientation and the elevation angle drive all can not reach the demand of high latitude, low latitude and high Mountain area simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 8,9, 10, the driving scope of orientation drive motor 80 is by 180 degree of background technology, and the present invention expands as 340 degree (the semi-ring tooth bar 87 of 180 degree arcs of background technology being changed into the semi-ring tooth bar 87 of 340 degree arcs in electronic orientation mechanical part); And to the orientation in orientation clamping device 83(Fig. 4 rise, dead center sensor is the critical piece of orientation clamping device 83, orientation rises, dead center sensor is exactly following being comprised of light emitting diode and photodiode.As shown in Figure 5, play the photoelectric coupling sensor that point sensor is comprised of TVD179 and VD179; The photoelectric coupling sensor that dead center sensor is comprised of TVD180 and VD180) change of stroke has been carried out expanding in installation site, and orientation clamping device 83 is connected with pedestal 75, and fixing with bolt 100.Elevation angle drive motor 91 driving scopes (take surface level as 0 degree angle) are by 0～90 degree of background technology, and the present invention expands as-5～+ 120 degree.And the change of the installation site of elevation angle clamping device 70 having been carried out expanding stroke; Reach the demand of China's each department different latitude completely.
As shown in Figure 10,11,12, on the surface level of the shell of orientation and elevation drive, water-proof cable input socket 97 and a compass 99 that orientation and the elevation angle drive are installed; Increase manual orientation worm and gear 57 devices, wherein 56 is bearing ball, the bearing direction Due South of spending calibration points 96 for the intermediate value 180 of orientation following range.When solar cell ring pin type sunshine tracking drive system of the present invention is installed in the new guard station of arrival, first, according to the compass 99 on drive unit shell, rotation manual orientation worm and gear 57, drives the intermediate value 180 degree calibration points 96 of scope to aim at Due South in orientation.
As shown in Figure 9, orientation of the present invention following range is at 10～350 degree.Take the center of circle of the semi-ring tooth bar 87 in electronic orientation mechanical part is starting point, and while being 0 degree angle along the ray of elevation angle drive link 71, orientation rises, the starting point of stop braking sensor and the position of stop be respectively in semi-ring tooth bar 87 outsides at 10 degree angles and 350 degree angles.The rising of orientation following range, dead-centre position respectively design and installation photodiode VD179 and VD180, corresponding light emitting diode TVD179 and TVD180 with it, form photoelectric coupling sensor, diode installed TVD179 and photodiode VD179, two coaxial installations relatively of diode, in the middle of two diodes, have a slit, braking catch 94 can enter in its slit.Rise, setting up of stop can prevent that solar panel output cable, sensor signal cable and orientation, the elevation angle driving cable from surpassing the cable winding occurring when 10 degree or 350 are spent and breaking problem in azimuth rotation scope.When braking catch 94 enters in the slit of TVD179 and VD179, coupling light between light emitting diode TVD179 and photodiode VD179 is braked catch 94 and blocks, now photodiode VD179 is cut-off state, photodiode VD179 internal resistance is infinitely great, so the voltage of photodiode VD179 and resistance R 79 intermediate ends is high level, high level state is input to the input end 7D of latch, single-chip microcomputer sends and drives halt instruction immediately, and drive along clockwise direction electronic orientation mechanical part to turn 260 degree angles, the positive west of bearing sense (being that this orientation is 270 degree) now.Orientation and elevation angle trace information that next step provides according to large ring sensor again, carry out high-precision solar tracking.Track and localization signal is passed to single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer sends synchronous driving instruction to orientation drive motor 80 and elevation angle drive motor 91 again.A light emitting diode TVD180 and a photodiode VD180 are installed on stop, and two coaxial installations relatively of diode have a slit in the middle of two diodes, and braking catch can enter in its slit.When braking catch enters in the slit between light emitting diode TVD180 and photodiode VD180, between light emitting diode TVD180 and photodiode VD180, being braked catch 94 blocks, now photodiode VD180 is cut-off state, photodiode VD180 internal resistance is infinitely great, so the intermediate ends voltage of photodiode VD180 and resistance R 80 is high level, high level state is input to the input end 8D of latch, single-chip microcomputer sends and drives halt instruction immediately, and drive in the counterclockwise direction electronic orientation mechanical part to turn 260 degree angles, now bearing sense due east (being that this orientation is 90 degree).Orientation and elevation angle trace information that next step provides according to large ring sensor again, carry out high-precision solar tracking.Track and localization signal is passed to single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer sends driving instruction to orientation drive motor 80 and elevation angle drive motor 91 again.
The elevation angle clamping device 70 of electronic elevation angle mechanical part, is comprised of elevation angle braking plate washer and elevation angle drive link 71; Braking plate washer in the elevation angle has two, between angle 125 degree, the stroke of restriction elevation angle drive link 71 is in the middle of two elevations angle braking plate washers; Orientation is vertically housed in elevation angle drive link 71 terminations and the elevation angle drives fixed head 72.It is at-5～+ 120 degree (take surface level as 0 degree angle) that driving scope is followed the tracks of at the elevation angle.Encircle the sunshine tracking of needle sensor and drive the control working time can reach 18 hours, but in background technology, the working time is controlled in the sunshine tracking of honeycomb fashion sensor and driving can only be within 12 hours.Follow the tracks of in orientation of the present invention, the elevation angle and driving scope covers the running orbit of the sun completely, and have lightweight, volume is little, be subject to the features such as windage resistance is little and simple in structure.
For alleviating the load of elevation angle drive motor 91, the symmetry place of the elevation angle drive link 71 of the present invention on elevation angle gear wheel 77 has increased the installation of balancing weight 98, sees Fig. 8,9.Therefore, the mounting arrangement of orientation drive motor 80 and elevation angle drive motor 91 all changes, as shown in Figure 9.
Other embodiment is identical with background technology, in this omission.
As shown in Figure 13,14,15,16, solar panel 121 has following characteristics: solar panel 121 is designed to folding carton 132 formulas, is easy to carry and installs.The shell 131 of folding carton 132 is aluminum alloy materials, has quality gently and the high feature of intensity.At the shell 131 of solar panel 121, be provided with and connect plug-in unit 128, connect plug-in unit 128 use rivets 129 fixing with shell 131, be convenient to the connection of support 145 and fix, referring to Figure 14, Figure 16.On the housing 124 of solar panel 121, inlay rubber strip 123, make folding carton 132 in Automobile Transportation way, can effectively prevent vibrations and the fragmentation of solar panel 121.And on the shell 131 of folding carton 132, four harder rubber cylinders 130 are installed at the back side of every solar panel 121.Prevent that the shell 131 that connects plug-in unit 128 and solar panel 121 from damaging.At housing 124 bottom sides of every solar panel 121, the water-proof cable power output socket 122 of solar panel 121 is housed.In addition, two snap closes 125 are installed on the shell 131 of folding carton 132, the handle 126 of folding carton 132 is installed on the shell 131 of folding carton 132, between two solar panels 121 of each folding carton 132, with folding 127, connect.
As shown in figure 16, support 145 adopts high-intensity steel plate to make, and for alleviating the weight of support 145, support 145 is designed to " going out " font.When support 145 detachable without using, for reducing volume, the solution of support 145, to install and carrying problem, support 145 is designed to collapsible, and support is connected with the shell 131 of solar panel 121, and fixing with bolt 142.In the middle of support 145, with folding 144, connect, in the surrounding of folding 144, have six screws 143, screw 143 drives the screw 85 on fixed head 72 connect and use fastened by screw for same orientation and the elevation angle.
The vehicle-mounted syndeton of embodiment 4 and installation, debugging and generating
Figure 17,18,19 provides respectively a kind of solar cell working state of boot, a kind of solar cell working state and laying state when driving of closing boot when stopping opened when stopping.
When the present invention opens boot at automobile parking, solar cell enters generating duty: as shown in figure 17, one-piece construction of the present invention is positioned at the rear side 159 of vehicle, have be connected at 3 with vehicle, lay respectively at that Che Liang rear portion buckle 154 connects, the right bottom of rear door frame axle 151 connects and is connected with rear door frame upper right quarter folding 152, buckle opening handle 150 is connected with Che Liang rear portion buckle 154 formation snap closes.When solar cell power generation is worked, the unlatching that does not affect automobile back door 161 is used.
Process and the status of integral installation debugging are as follows: first, pull the opening handle 150 of Che Liang rear portion buckle 154, under the effect of hydraulic stem 165, this device is pulled open to the right along level.Under the power-assisted of the hydraulic stem 153 of both sides, 161 back door, back door, can upwardly open smoothly.From boot 158, take out two sun power folding cartons 132, folding rack 145 and a sensor 163.According to compass 99 azimuth informations, rotation manual orientation worm and gear 57 devices, drive the intermediate value 180 degree calibration points 96 of scope to aim at Due South in orientation.Folding rack 145 is launched, in the surrounding of folding 144, have six screws 143, screw 143 drives the screw 85 on fixed head 72 to connect for same orientation and the elevation angle, and is screwed.One of them sun power folding carton 132 is launched, by connecting plug-in unit 128, be connected with the bottom of support 145, and the screw 142 that is tightened; Again another sun power folding carton 132 is launched, by connecting plug-in unit 128, be connected with the top of support 145, then the screw 142 that is tightened.By web member 108, sensor 163 and solar panel 121 are connected as one.Sensor 163 is mounted on solar panel 121 lower left quarters, and web member is fixing with screw 109.
The upper end of the signal water-proof cable of sensor 163 is connected and is tightened with sensor socket 117, and lower end is connected and is tightened with the signal water-proof cable plate connector 155 on car rear bumper top; The upper end that the driving of orientation and elevation drive shell 86 is connected to water-proof cable is connected and is tightened with the top gang socket 97 of orientation and elevation drive shell 86, lower end is connected water-proof cable plate connector 155 and connects with the driving on car rear bumper top, and is tightened; The upper end that four power supplys is connected to water-proof cable connects respectively at four solar panels, 121 accessory power outlets 122, and is tightened, and lower end is connected with the power supply water-proof cable input plate connector 155 on car rear bumper top, and is tightened; Accumulator is received in tent by the plate connector 155 connection alternating current output cables on car rear bumper top by 220 volts of AC power of output of inverter.Adjust manual orientation worm and gear 57 devices, orientation is driven to the bearing direction Due South of the intermediate value 180 degree calibration points 96 of scope; Rotation worm and gear lifting gear 156 handles, lifting gear makes the leading screw 157 of joint pin constantly promote orientation and elevation drive, makes the base of solar panel 121 a little more than vehicle roof highest point, and pins worm and gear lifting gear 156 handles.Open the power supply of single-chip microcomputer 87C51FB in car, make whole system enter from motion tracking and drive generating duty.
When the present invention closes boot at automobile parking, as shown in figure 18, installment and debugging stage installment and debugging of solar cell power generation when opening boot is consistent.Just, after installment and debugging work completes, whole electricity generation system returns to fixing (Che Liang rear portion buckle 154, the right bottom of rear door frame axle 151 and rear door frame upper right quarter foldings 152) at 3, and Che Liang rear portion buckle 154 is locked with spanner 150.Need to readjust manual orientation worm and gear 57 devices, for orientation, drive the bearing direction Due South of the intermediate value 180 degree calibration points 96 of scope.
The present invention, when Vehicle Driving Cycle, as shown in figure 19, by rotation worm and gear lifting gear 156 handles, reduces orientation and elevation drive.Remove all stube cables, unscrew fixed screw, sensor 163 and solar panel 121 are separated.Two solar panels 121 are folded into case 132, and snap close 125 is locked.Unload lower carriage 145 folding, then together they are packed into boot 158.Inspection trolley beam rear portion buckle 154 and spanner 150 are locked.When Vehicle Driving Cycle, joint pin 172 is positioned at the position that takes over, car rear, and the position of joint pin 172 neither hinders the visual angle of seeing car plate 170, does not also affect the light that taillight 171 sends.
Claims (6)
1. a Vehicular solar battery ring pin type sunshine tracking drive system, structure comprises solar panel, latch, code translator, single-chip microcomputer, orientation and elevation drive, described orientation and elevation drive, consist of orientation drive motor and elevation angle drive motor driving circuit, electronic orientation mechanical part, electronic elevation angle mechanical part; It is characterized in that, structure is encircled needle sensor (163) in addition; The sunshine information being obtained by ring needle sensor (163) is through latch, then through code translator selected input to single-chip microcomputer, by Single-chip Controlling orientation and elevation drive, make solar panel follow the tracks of sunshine electric energy be provided;
Described ring needle sensor (163), consists of large ring sensor, little ring sensor, minute hand sensor and hour hand sensor; At surface plate (101), above with photodiode, surround a large ring (102), between each adjacent photodiode, with dividing plate (104), separate; In large ring (102), with photodiode, surround a concentric little ring (105), between each adjacent photodiode, with dividing plate (104), separate; In the front of surface plate (101), encircle greatly (102) circle centre position and be vertically fixed with a Long pointer (115), Long pointer (115) external end head is equipped with a photodiode; At the large ring in the back side of surface plate (101) (102) circle centre position, be vertically fixed with a short pointer (113), short pointer (113) external end head is equipped with a photodiode; By web member (108), will encircle needle sensor surface plate (101) and solar panel shell (131) connects as one, at surface plate (101) back side, signal cable accessory power outlet (117) is housed, cable accessory power outlet (117) is electrically connected to photodiode respectively.
2. Vehicular solar battery ring pin type sunshine tracking drive system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the radian of the semi-ring tooth bar (87) of electronic orientation mechanical part is wherein 340 degree;
The orientation clamping device (83) of electronic orientation mechanical part wherein, by orientation rise, dead center sensor and braking washer (94) form; Orientation plays point sensor and is comprised of coaxial diode installed (TVD179) relatively and photodiode (VD179), has slit in the middle of light emitting diode (TVD179) and photodiode (VD179); Orientation dead center sensor is comprised of coaxial diode installed (TVD180) relatively and photodiode (VD180), has slit in the middle of light emitting diode (TVD180) and photodiode (VD180); Take the center of circle of the semi-ring tooth bar (87) in electronic orientation mechanical part is starting point, while being 0 degree angle along the ray of elevation angle drive link (71), orientation rises, the starting point of the braking sensor of stop and the position of terminal be respectively in semi-ring tooth bar (87) outside at 10 degree angles and 350 degree angles; When braking washer (94) arrives starting point, just arrive the middle slit of light emitting diode (TVD179) and photodiode (VD179), the photoelectric coupling between light emitting diode (TVD179) and photodiode (VD179) is interrupted; When braking washer (94) is reached home, just arrive the middle slit of light emitting diode (TVD180) and photodiode (VD180), the photoelectric coupling between light emitting diode (TVD180) and photodiode (VD180) is interrupted;
The elevation angle clamping device (70) of electronic elevation angle mechanical part wherein, is comprised of elevation angle braking plate washer and elevation angle drive link (71); Braking plate washer in the elevation angle has two, between angle 125 degree, the stroke of restriction elevation angle drive link (71) is in the middle of two elevations angle braking plate washers; Orientation is vertically housed in elevation angle drive link (71) termination and the elevation angle drives fixed head (72).
3. Vehicular solar battery ring pin type sunshine tracking drive system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described large ring (102), by 72 photodiodes (VD101～VD172), arrange and form, sunray positioning precision is 5 degree, makes single-chip microcomputer within every 20 minutes, send the locating information once gathering.
4. Vehicular solar battery ring pin type sunshine tracking drive system according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described Long pointer (115) and short pointer (113), be made into thin tube-like; The front end of the photodiode (VD178) of the photodiode (VD177) of Long pointer (115) termination and short pointer (113) termination is used respectively semisphere glass (119) sealing.
5. Vehicular solar battery ring pin type sunshine tracking drive system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, on orientation and elevation drive shell (86), the cable input socket (97) that the elevation angle, orientation drives is installed, compass (99), manual orientation worm and gear (57), leading screw below orientation and elevation drive (157) upper end mounting base (75), between leading screw (157) and pedestal (75), bearing ball (56) is housed, handling manual orientation worm and gear (57) can make pedestal (75) horizontally rotate, calibration points (96) the bearing direction due south of spending for the intermediate value 180 of orientation following range.
6. Vehicular solar battery ring pin type sunshine tracking drive system according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, upper at elevation angle gear wheel (77), with the load-bearing symmetric position of elevation angle drive link (71), balancing weight (98) is installed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410006971.7A CN103676978B (en) | 2014-01-07 | 2014-01-07 | Vehicular solar battery ring pin type sunshine tracking drive system |
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| CN201410006971.7A CN103676978B (en) | 2014-01-07 | 2014-01-07 | Vehicular solar battery ring pin type sunshine tracking drive system |
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| CN103676978A true CN103676978A (en) | 2014-03-26 |
| CN103676978B CN103676978B (en) | 2015-12-23 |
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| CN106873646A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-06-20 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of daylight tracing system based on shadow control |
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