CN103674264A - Image fusion device and method based on period diffraction correlated imaging - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an image fusion device and method based on period diffraction correlated imaging. The image fusion device comprises a fake thermal light source module, a transmission module, a detection module and a later-period solving module, wherein the transmission module comprises a signal path and a reference path, and the detection module comprises a first detector and a second detector. The image fusion device method comprises the steps that the fake thermal light source module gives out a light beam, part of the light beam is directly received by the second detector through space transmission, the other part of the light beam irradiates a target object, the light beam which penetrates through the target object is received by the first detector through transmission, output of the second detector and output of the first detector are sent to the later-period solving module, and the later-period solving module recovers an image of the target object through correlated calculation. According to the image fusion device and method based on period diffraction correlated imaging, calculation is easy and convenient, the cost is low, flexibility is high, and anti-interference performance is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of correlated imaging, in particular to an image fusion device and method based on periodic diffraction correlated imaging.
Background
Imaging is the most basic way for human to obtain external information, and is also the basis for human to make judgment and response to external environment. The existing correlation imaging technology is mature, and the good effect can be obtained from microscopic imaging to astronomical imaging. In the conventional correlation imaging, pseudo thermal light is divided into two beams by a beam splitter, the two beams of spatially correlated light propagate along different paths, only one of the two beams of spatially correlated light irradiates on a target object to be imaged, and light penetrating through the target object is collected by a barrel detector, which is called a signal path. The other path of light is collected by a charge coupled device image sensor (CCD) after being transmitted, and is called as a reference path. Then the light intensity detected by the barrel detector is correlated with the light intensity detected by the CCD, and the image of the target object can be recovered. In 2008, a new type of correlation imaging mechanism was proposed, computing ghost imaging, which does not require the use of a beam splitter, but introduces a Spatial Light Modulator (SLM). The mechanism enables the information of the reference path to be obtained through calculation, so that the transmission of one path of light can be reduced in an experiment, and the complexity of the experiment is reduced.
The periodic diffraction correlated imaging is a new correlated imaging mechanism based on a periodic diffraction effect, and a periodic intensity distribution can be generated through a periodic lattice light source, and the intensity distribution has point-to-point correlation, so that the periodic diffraction correlated imaging has the same physical mechanism as the traditional correlated imaging.
The conventional image fusion technology is mainly to synthesize a new image by two or more images through a specific algorithm. The system of the technology mainly comprises the following contents: image preprocessing, an image fusion algorithm, image fusion evaluation and a fusion result. The traditional image fusion algorithm is mainly realized by a software algorithm, is complex in calculation, can only fuse a plurality of images into a new image, and is poor in anti-interference performance.
Therefore, those skilled in the art are dedicated to developing an image fusion device and method based on periodic diffraction correlated imaging, the image fusion is realized by using periodic diffraction correlated imaging by adopting a pseudo-thermal light source, the light field intensity value of a reference path is directly measured by a CCD and is not required to be obtained by calculation, the calculation amount of the system can be reduced, and the complexity and the experimental cost of the imaging system are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above defects in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an image fusion apparatus based on periodic diffraction-associated imaging and a method thereof, wherein a pseudo-thermal light source is used to realize image fusion by periodic diffraction-associated imaging, and the image fusion apparatus is simple and convenient to calculate, low in cost, high in flexibility and good in anti-interference performance.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides an image fusion device based on periodic diffraction correlated imaging, which comprises a pseudo-thermal light source module, a transmission module, a detection module and a later-stage resolving module, wherein the pseudo-thermal light source module is arranged at the near end; the transmission module comprises a target object, a signal path and a reference path; the detection module is arranged at a far end and comprises a first detector and a second detector; the pseudo-thermal light source module emits light beams, one part of the light beams are directly received by the second detector through spatial transmission, the other part of the light beams irradiate the target object, the transmitted light beams of the target object are received by the first detector through transmission, the output of the second detector is used as reference information, the output of the first detector is used as target object information, the output of the second detector and the output of the first detector are sent to the later stage resolving module, and the later stage resolving module restores the image of the target object through correlation calculation.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pseudo thermal light source module comprises a He-Ne laser, ground glass and a periodic array plate arranged in sequence, wherein the He-Ne laser emits a continuous laser beam with a wavelength of 632.8nm, the laser beam generates pseudo thermal light through the rotating ground glass, and the pseudo thermal light is output through the periodic array plate to generate a periodic lattice light source required by an experiment.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the periodic array plate is an N × N lattice, the interval between adjacent dots is a, and the values of N and a are set to 100 and 50 μm, respectively.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the detection module is a charge coupled device image sensor (CCD) or a Bucket Detector (BD).
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotation speed of the rotating ground glass is greater than the sampling frequency of the first and second detectors.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the post-calculation module is configured to perform correlation calculation on the measured data to recover an image of the target object, the first detector records the intensity of the light field penetrating through the target object, the second detector records the intensity of the light field of the reference path, and the post-calculation module performs correlation calculation on the intensity of the light field recorded by the first detector and the intensity of the light field recorded by the second detector to recover the image of the target object.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the target object includes a first target object and a second target object, the detection module further includes a third detector, and a part of the light beam emitted by the pseudo-thermal light source module is transmitted through space and directly received by the second detector; the other part of the light beam irradiates the first target object and the second target object, the transmitted light beams of the first target object and the second target object are respectively received by the first detector and the third detector through transmission, the output of the second detector and the output of the first detector and the output of the third detector are sent to the post-resolving module, and the post-resolving module restores the images of the first target object and the second target object through correlation calculation.
An image fusion method based on periodic diffraction correlation imaging comprises the following steps:
(1) emitting a continuous laser beam by a wavelength He-Ne laser;
(2) the laser beam generates pseudo-thermal light through the rotating ground glass;
(3) the generated pseudo thermo-light is output through a period array plate with the interval of a between adjacent points and an NxN lattice to generate a period lattice light source required by an experiment;
(4) a part of light beams of the light source irradiate on a target object, and light intensity information penetrating through the target object is recorded by the detector respectively; the other part directly propagates in the space and is received by the detectors, and the sampling rate of the first detector and the second detector is 70 frames per second;
(5) the frosted glass is modulated once every time the frosted glass rotates, the intensity of a generated randomly distributed light field is recorded by a first detector after the generated randomly distributed light field is transmitted by a target object, and the measured value is Si(ii) a The second detector records the light field intensity of the reference path as Ii(x, y); repeating the above operations, and continuously modulating to obtain different light intensity values, wherein the measurement times are M;
(6) and (3) performing correlation operation on the measured value obtained by the first detector and the measured value obtained by the second detector by using a formula (1) to obtain an image G (x, y) of the target object:
wherein,denotes the mean of M measurements, SiIs the value of the intensity of the light field transmitted through the target object detected by the first detector.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wavelength of the He — Ne laser is 632.8nm, the diameter of the laser beam is 10cm, the rotation speed of the ground glass is 1000Hz, and the values of N and a of the periodic array plate are set to 100 and 50 μm, respectively.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two target objects are provided in an image fusion method based on periodic diffraction-correlated imaging, which includes the following specific steps:
(1) emitting a continuous laser beam by a He-Ne laser having a wavelength of 632.8 nm;
(2) the laser beam generates pseudo-thermal light through frosted glass with the diameter of 10cm and the rotating speed of 1000 Hz;
(3) outputting the generated pseudo-thermal light through a periodic array plate to generate a periodic lattice light source required by an experiment, wherein the N and a values of the periodic array plate are respectively set to be 100 and 50 mu m;
(4) a part of light beams of the periodic lattice light source irradiate the first target object and the second target object, and light intensity information penetrating through the first target object and the second target object is recorded by the first detector and the third detector respectively; another part propagates directly in space, received by the second detector, the sampling rate of the first, second and third detectors being 70 frames per second;
(5) the frosted glass is modulated once every time the frosted glass rotates, the intensity of a generated randomly distributed light field is recorded by the first detector and the third detector after the generated randomly distributed light field is transmitted by a target object and the target object, and the measured value is SiAnd Bi(ii) a The second detector records the light field intensity of the reference path as Ii(x, y); repeating the operation, and continuously modulating to obtain different light field intensities, wherein the measurement times are M;
(6) performing correlation operation on the light field intensity obtained by the first detector and the third detector and the light field intensity obtained by the second detector by using a formula (2) to obtain images G (x, y) of the first target object and the second target object:
wherein,denotes the mean of M measurements, SiA value of light intensity detected by the first detector and transmitted through the first target object, BiThe value of the light field intensity detected by the third detector and transmitted through the second target object is obtained.
The imaging system provided by the invention realizes image fusion by adopting a pseudo-thermal light source and utilizing periodic diffraction correlation imaging, and compared with the prior art, the imaging system provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the light field intensity value of the reference path is directly measured by the CCD and is not required to be obtained by calculation, so that the calculation amount of the system can be reduced.
2. The realization of the technology does not need to use a beam splitter and an SLM, so the complexity and the cost of an experimental system can be reduced.
3. The sampling times can be changed according to the requirement on the definition of the target object, and the flexibility is high.
4. Good anti-interference performance, and can penetrate smoke, grind the imaging of scattering media such as glass, etc.
The conception, the specific structure and the technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the features and the effects of the present invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an image fusion device for image fusion based on periodic diffraction-correlated imaging of a single target object according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an image fusion device of an image fusion technique based on periodic diffraction correlation imaging for two target objects according to another preferred embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the image fusion apparatus based on periodic diffraction-correlated imaging includes a pseudo-thermal light source module 1, a transmission module 2, a detection module 3, and a post-calculation module 4. The transmission module 2 includes a target object 21, a signal path, and a reference path. The detection module 3 is arranged at a far end and comprises a first detector 31 and a second detector 32, wherein the pseudo-thermal light source module 1 emits a light beam, and a part of the light beam is directly received by the second detector 32 through spatial transmission; the other part irradiates the target object 21, the transmitted light beam of the target object 21 is received by the first detector 31 through transmission, the output of the second detector 32 is used as reference information, the output of the first detector 31 is used as target object information, the output of the second detector 32 and the output of the first detector 31 are sent to the later-stage calculating module 4, and the later-stage calculating module 4 restores the image of the target object 21 through correlation calculation.
The pseudo-thermal light source module 1 includes a He — Ne laser 11, ground glass 12, and a periodic array plate 13 arranged in this order, as shown in fig. 1. The He-Ne laser 11 emits a laser beam of 632.8nm wavelength, which emits a continuous laser beam, first passing through the rotating ground glass 12, at a rotation speed greater than the sampling rate of the first detector 31 and the second detector 32. The laser beam generates pseudo thermo-light through the rotating ground glass 12, the pseudo thermo-light is output through the periodic array plate 13, the periodic array plate 13 is an NxN lattice, the interval between adjacent points is a, and a periodic lattice light source required by an experiment is generated. The values of N and a of the periodic array plate are set in advance as required, and the values of N and a may be set to 100 and 50 μm, respectively.
The detection module 3 is used for recording the light field intensity of the signal path and the reference path. Similar products are charge coupled device image sensors (CCD) and Bucket Detectors (BD).
The post-calculation module 4 is used for performing correlation calculation on the measured data to recover the image of the target object 21. The first detector 31 records the intensity of the light field transmitted through the target object 21 and the second detector 32 records the intensity of the light field in the reference path. The field intensity value recorded by the first detector 31 and the field intensity value recorded by the second detector 32 are subjected to correlation calculation, and the image of the target object 21 can be recovered.
The embodiment provides an image fusion method based on periodic diffraction correlation imaging, wherein a signal path of the image fusion method comprises a target object 21, and a part of light beams of a periodic lattice light source are irradiated on the target object 21, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) emitting a continuous laser beam by a He-Ne laser 11 having a wavelength of 632.8 nm;
(2) the laser beam generates pseudo-thermal light through ground glass 12 with the diameter of 10cm and the rotating speed of 1000 Hz;
(3) the generated pseudo thermo-light is output through a periodic array plate 13 to generate a periodic lattice light source required by an experiment, and the N and a values of the periodic array plate 13 are respectively set to be 100 and 50 mu m;
(4) a part of light beams of the light source are irradiated on the target object 21, and the light intensity information transmitted through the target object 21 is recorded by the first detector 31 respectively; the other part directly propagates in space and is received by the second detector 32, the sampling rate of the first detector 31 and the second detector 32 is 70 frames per second;
(5) once the ground glass 12 rotates once, which is equivalent to once modulation, the generated randomly distributed light field is transmitted by the target object 21, and then the light field intensity is recorded by the first detector 31, and the measured value is Si(ii) a The second detector 32 records the light field intensity of the reference path as Ii(x, y); repeating the above operations, and continuously modulating to obtain different light intensity values, wherein the measurement times are M;
(6) the measurement value obtained by the first detector 31 and the measurement value obtained by the second detector 32 are subjected to correlation operation by using a formula (1), so that an image G (x, y) of the target object 21 is obtained:
wherein,denotes the mean of M measurements, SiIs the value of the light intensity transmitted through the target object 21 detected by the first detector 31.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 2, the transmission module 2 includes a first target object 21 and a second target object 22, the detector 3 includes three detectors, and as shown in fig. 2, the image fusion apparatus based on periodic diffraction-correlated imaging includes a pseudothermal light source module 1, a transmission module 2, a detection module 3, and a post-calculation module 4. The transmission module 2 includes a signal path and a reference path. The detection module 3 is arranged at a far end and comprises a first detector 31, a second detector 32 and a third detector 33, wherein the pseudo-thermal light source module 1 emits light beams, and one part of the light beams are directly received by the second detector 32 through spatial transmission; the other part irradiates a first target object 21 and a second target object 22, transmitted light beams of the two target objects are respectively received by a first detector 31 and a third detector 33 of the detectors through transmission, the output of the second detector 32 is used as reference information, the outputs of the first detector 31 and the third detector 33 are used as first target object information and second target object information, the output of the second detector 32 and the outputs of the first detector 31 and the third detector 33 are sent to a later-stage resolving module 4, and the later-stage resolving module 4 restores images of the first target object 21 and the second target object 22 through correlation calculation.
The pseudo thermal light source module 1 includes a He — Ne laser 11, ground glass 12, and a periodic array plate 13, as shown in fig. 2. The He-Ne laser 11 emits a laser beam of 632.8nm wavelength, which emits a continuous laser beam, first passing through the rotating ground glass 12, at a rotation speed greater than the sampling rate of the first detector 31, the second detector 32, and the third detector 33. The laser beam generates pseudo thermo-light through the rotating ground glass 12, the pseudo thermo-light is output through the periodic array plate 13, the periodic array plate 13 is an NxN lattice, the interval between adjacent points is a, and a periodic lattice light source required by an experiment is generated. The values of N and a of the periodic array plate are set in advance as required, and the values of N and a may be set to 100 and 50 μm, respectively.
The detection module 3 is used for recording the light field intensity of the signal path and the reference path. Similar products are charge coupled device image sensors (CCD) and Bucket Detectors (BD).
The post-calculation module 4 is used for performing correlation calculation on the measured data to recover the images of the first target object 21 and the second target object 22. The first detector 31 and the third detector 33 record the light field intensity transmitted through the target object 21 and the target object 22, and the second detector 32 records the light field intensity of the reference path. The images of the first target object 21 and the second target object 22 can be recovered by performing correlation calculation on the light field intensities recorded by the first detector 31 and the third detector 33 and the light field intensity recorded by the second detector 32.
The embodiment provides an image fusion method based on periodic diffraction correlation imaging, wherein a signal path of the image fusion method comprises two target objects, and a part of light beams of a periodic lattice light source are irradiated on the two target objects, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) emitting a continuous laser beam by a He-Ne laser 11 having a wavelength of 632.8 nm;
(2) the laser beam generates pseudo-thermal light through the ground glass 12 with the diameter of 10cm and the rotating speed of 1000 Hz;
(3) the generated pseudo thermo-light is output through a periodic array plate 13 to generate a periodic lattice light source required by an experiment, and the N and a values of the periodic array plate 13 are respectively set to be 100 and 50 mu m;
(4) a part of the light beam of the light source is irradiated onto the target object, and the light intensity information transmitted through the first target object 21 and the second target object 22 is recorded by the first detector 31 and the third detector 33, respectively; the other part is directly propagated in space and received by the second detector 32, the sampling rate of the first detector 31, the third detector 33 and the second detector 32 is 70 frames per second;
(5) every time the ground glass 12 rotates once, the modulation is performed, and the generated randomly distributed light field passes through the first targetAfter transmission of the object 21 and the second target object 22 the light field intensity is recorded by the first detector 31 and the third detector 33, the measured value being SiAnd Bi(ii) a The second detector 32 records the light field intensity of the reference path as Ii(x, y); repeating the above operations, and continuously modulating to obtain different light intensity values, wherein the measurement times are M;
(6) performing correlation operation on the measurement values obtained by the first detector 31 and the third detector 33 and the measurement value obtained by the second detector 32 by using a formula (2) to obtain an image G (x, y) of the target object;
wherein,denotes the mean of M measurements, SiIs the value of the intensity of the light field transmitted through the first target object 21, B, detected by the first detector 31iIs the value of the light field intensity through the second target object 22 detected by the third detector 33.
In summary, the correlation imaging device and method based on periodic diffraction correlation imaging provided by the invention have the characteristics of simplicity, convenience, low cost, small calculated amount, good anti-interference performance and the like, and can well recover the image of the target object.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. An image fusion device based on periodic diffraction correlated imaging comprises a pseudo-thermal light source module (1), a transmission module (2), a detection module (3) and a later-stage calculation module (4), and is characterized in that the pseudo-thermal light source module (1) is arranged at the near end; the transmission module (2) comprises a target object, a signal path and a reference path; the detection module (3) is arranged at the far end and comprises a first detector (31) and a second detector (32); the pseudo-thermal light source module (1) emits light beams, one part of the light beams is directly received by the second detector (32) through spatial transmission, the other part of the light beams irradiates the target object, and the light beams transmitted through the target object are received by the first detector (31) through transmission; the output of the second detector (32) is used as reference information, the output of the first detector (31) is used as the target object information, the output of the second detector (32) and the output of the first detector (31) are sent to the post-resolving module (4), and the post-resolving module (4) restores the image of the target object through correlation calculation.
2. The image fusion device based on periodic diffraction correlation imaging according to claim 1, wherein said pseudothermal light source module (1) comprises a He-Ne laser (11), a frosted glass (12) and a periodic array plate (13) which are arranged in sequence, said He-Ne laser (11) emits a continuous laser beam with a wavelength of 632.8nm, said laser beam generates pseudothermal light through the rotating frosted glass (12), said pseudothermal light is output through the periodic array plate (13), and a periodic lattice light source required by experiment is generated.
3. The periodic diffraction-correlated imaging-based image fusion apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said periodic array plate (13) is an N x N lattice, the interval between adjacent dots is a, said N is set to 100, and said a value is set to 50 μm.
4. The image fusion apparatus based on periodic diffractive correlation imaging as claimed in claim 2, wherein the detection module (3) is a charge-coupled device image sensor (CCD) or a Bucket Detector (BD).
5. The image fusion device based on periodic diffraction correlated imaging according to claim 2, wherein the rotation speed of the rotating ground glass (12) is greater than the sampling frequency of the first detector (31) and the second detector (32).
6. The image fusion device based on the periodic diffraction correlation imaging according to claim 1, wherein the post-calculation module (4) is configured to perform correlation calculation on the measured data to recover the image of the target object, the first detector (31) records the intensity of the light field transmitted through the target object (21), the second detector (32) records the intensity of the light field of the reference path, and the post-calculation module (4) performs correlation calculation on the intensity of the light field recorded by the first detector (31) and the intensity of the light field recorded by the second detector (32) to recover the image of the target object.
7. The image fusion device based on the periodic diffraction correlation imaging as claimed in claim 1, wherein the target object comprises a first target object (21) and a second target object (22), the detection module (3) further comprises a third detector (33), a part of the light beam emitted by the pseudo-thermal light source module (1) is transmitted through space and is directly received by the second detector (32); the other part of the light beam irradiates the first target object (21) and the second target object (22), the light beam penetrating through the first target object (21) and the second target object (22) is received by the first detector (31) and the third detector (33) respectively through transmission, the output of the second detector (32) and the output of the first detector (31) and the output of the third detector (33) are sent to the later-period resolving module (4), and the later-period resolving module (4) recovers the images of the first target object (21) and the second target object (22) through correlation calculation.
8. An image fusion method based on the image fusion device based on the periodic diffraction correlation imaging according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: emitting a continuous laser beam by a He-Ne laser (11);
step two: passing the laser beam through the rotating frosted glass (12) to generate pseudo-thermo-light;
step three: outputting the generated pseudo thermo-light through a periodic array plate (13) with the interval of a between adjacent points of an NxN lattice to generate a periodic lattice light source required by an experiment;
step four: a part of the light beam of the periodic lattice light source is irradiated on a target object, the intensity of the light field is recorded by the first detector (31), and the measured value is Si(ii) a The other part directly propagates in the space, and the light field intensity of the reference path is recorded by the second detector (32) as Ii(x, y), wherein each rotation of the ground glass (12) corresponds to a modulation; repeating the operation, continuously modulating, and recording a plurality of different light field intensities, wherein the measuring times are M;
step five: and carrying out correlation operation on the light field intensity obtained by the first detector (31) and the light field intensity obtained by the second detector (32) by using a formula (1) to obtain an image G (x, y) of the target object (21):
9. The image fusion method of the image fusion apparatus based on periodic diffraction-correlated imaging according to claim 8, wherein the wavelength of said He-Ne laser (11) is 632.8nm, the diameter of said laser beam is 10cm, the rotation speed of said ground glass (12) is 1000Hz, and the values of N and a of said periodic array plate (13) are set to 100 and 50 μm, respectively.
10. An image fusion method based on the image fusion device based on the periodic diffraction correlation imaging of claim 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: emitting a continuous laser beam by a He-Ne laser (11) having a wavelength of 632.8 nm;
step two: passing a laser beam through frosted glass (12) having a diameter of 10cm and a rotation speed of 1000Hz to generate pseudo-thermo light;
step three: outputting the generated pseudo-thermo light through a periodic array plate (13) to generate a periodic lattice light source required by an experiment, wherein the N and a values of the periodic array plate (13) are respectively set to be 100 and 50 mu m;
step four: a part of light beams of the periodic lattice light source are irradiated on the first target object (21) and the second target object (22), the intensity of a light field is recorded by the first detector (31) and the third detector (33) after the light beams are transmitted by the target object (21) and the target object (22), and the measured value is SiAnd Bi(ii) a The other part directly propagates in space, and the light field intensity of the reference path is recorded by a second detector (32) as Ii(x, y); wherein, the frosted glass (12) is rotated once, which is equivalent to one modulation; repeating the above operation, and continuously modulatingRecording a plurality of different light field intensities, wherein the measuring times are M;
step six: performing correlation operation on the light field intensity obtained by the first detector (31) and the third detector (33) and the light field intensity obtained by the second detector (32) by using a formula (2) to obtain images G (x, y) of the first target object (21) and the second target object (22):
wherein,denotes the mean of M measurements, SiFor the value of the intensity of the light transmitted through the first target object (21) detected by the first detector (31), BiIs the third oneA detector (33) detects the intensity of the light field transmitted through the second target (22) object.
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