CN103674232A - Sound pressure acquisition device for testing noise source - Google Patents
Sound pressure acquisition device for testing noise source Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sound pressure acquisition device for testing a noise source, which comprises: the sound pressure acquisition module is used for acquiring the sound pressure of each acquisition point on the noise measurement plane; and the microphone moving module is connected with the sound pressure acquisition module and used for controlling the sound pressure acquisition module to move to acquisition points at different positions so as to obtain the sound pressure at each acquisition point, so that the noise of the engineering machinery can be accurately detected, and noise sources under different operation parameters can be accurately determined, so that the whole machine can be optimized by adjusting parameters according to the noise sources under the condition of not influencing the performance of the whole machine, and the noise is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to noise source test field, particularly, relate to a kind of acoustic pressure acquisition device for noise source test.
Technical field
The present invention relates to noise source test, particularly, relate to a kind of noise source test device, system and method.
Background technology
In recent years, the health that people cause noise and the concern of environmental problem are more and more, and therefore, noise level becomes one of important evaluation index of engineering machinery.Strong noise can also directly affect quality and the service efficiency of product itself, and increase energy consumption, and then shorten the serviceable life of product outside processing and can working the mischief to health and environment.Therefore, the noise of engineering machinery must be controlled in a rational scope.And first control noise needs to analyze source and the size of noise.
While carrying out noise source test at present, generally that engineering machinery is placed on ward, and make engineering machinery with maximum (top) speed, light condition fixation, by hand-held sound intensity probe, utilize general estimation or tape measure volume coordinate, then predefined measurement point is tested, and is generally only measured sound pressure level, thereby and the record amount of data be easy to occur very greatly mistake.Therefore, by said method, to the test result of engineering machinery noise source, cannot accurately reflect actual noise situations.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of acoustic pressure acquisition device for noise source test, by this acoustic pressure acquisition device, can obtain the acoustic pressure at each place, collection point of engineering machinery to be measured, thereby can determine the noise source under different operating parameters.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of acoustic pressure acquisition device of noise source test, this device comprises: acoustic pressure acquisition module, for obtaining the acoustic pressure of each collection point in noise measurement plane; And microphone mobile module, be connected with described acoustic pressure acquisition module, for controlling described acoustic pressure acquisition module, move to the collection point at diverse location place, to obtain the acoustic pressure at each place, collection point.
Acoustic pressure acquisition device provided by the invention, moves to acoustic pressure acquisition module by microphone mobile module the collection point at diverse location place, to obtain the acoustic pressure at each place, collection point, to can realize detecting comparatively accurately the noise of engineering machinery.
Other features and advantages of the present invention partly in detail are described the embodiment subsequently.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is to be used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and forms a part for instructions, is used from explanation the present invention, but is not construed as limiting the invention with embodiment one below.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is according to the block diagram of noise source test system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is according to the block diagram of the noise source test system of one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is according to the schematic diagram of the acoustic pressure acquisition module of one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is according to the schematic diagram of the microphone mobile module of one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is according to the process flow diagram of noise source test method of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of noise excavator to be measured in idle condition;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of noise excavator to be measured in severe duty; And
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of measured excavator.
Description of reference numerals
100 noise source pick-up unit 110 receiving traps
120 control device 200 operating parameters acquisition device
300 acoustic pressure acquisition device 210 speed probes
220 pressure transducer 311 sound intensity probes
312 Dynamic Data Acquiring front end 331 microphone travel mechanisms
332 Displacement Feedback module 333 controllers
321 spacing column 322 first microphones
323 first locking clamp 324 first data lines
325 joystick 326 second data lines
327 second locking clamp 328 second microphones
341 second motor 342 the 3rd motors
343 first motor 344 Y-direction displacement the second sensors
345 directions X displacement transducer 346 stationary installations
The right Y-direction slide rail of 347 grid 348
349 left Y-direction slide rail 350 directions X slide rails
351 frameworks
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is elaborated.Should be understood that, embodiment described herein only, for description and interpretation the present invention, is not limited to the present invention.
Fig. 1 is according to the block diagram of noise source test system of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, noise source test system provided by the present invention can comprise: noise source test device 100; Operating parameters acquisition device 200 is for obtaining the operating parameters of engineering machinery; And acoustic pressure acquisition device 300, for obtaining acoustic pressure.
Wherein, noise source test device 100 can comprise: receiving trap 110, for receiving the acoustic pressure of each collection point under this operating parameters in the operating parameters of engineering machinery to be measured and noise measurement plane; And control device 120, for: according to described acoustic pressure, calculate the sound intensity of described each collection point under described operating parameters; And according to described each collection point the sound intensity under described operating parameters, determine the noise source under described operating parameters.As shown in Figure 1, receiving trap 110 is connected with acoustic pressure acquisition device 300 with operating parameters acquisition device 200.
Below will describe the present invention by embodiment.
Fig. 2 is according to the block diagram of the noise source test system of one embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 2, in this embodiment, operating parameters acquisition device 200 can comprise for obtaining speed probe 210 and the pressure transducer 220 of rotating speed and pressure.Wherein, it should be noted, for different engineering machinery, the rotating speed obtaining may be different with pressure, for example, for excavator, can distinguish engine speed, radiating fan rotation speed, main pump pressure, engine charge mouth pressure and the engine exhaust mouth pressure under the different operating modes of work machine by engine speed sensor, radiating fan rotation speed sensor, main pump pressure transducer, engine intake pressure transducer and engine exhaust port pressure transducer.
Fig. 3 is according to the schematic diagram of the acoustic pressure acquisition module of one embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 4 is according to the schematic diagram of the microphone mobile module of one embodiment of the present invention.Below with reference to Fig. 2,3 and 4, acoustic pressure acquisition device 300 is described.
As shown in Figure 2, acoustic pressure acquisition device 300 can comprise acoustic pressure acquisition module and microphone mobile module.Wherein, acoustic pressure acquisition module can be for obtaining the acoustic pressure of each collection point in noise measurement plane, and can comprise sound intensity probe 311 and for the Dynamic Data Acquiring front end 312 that is electric signal by gathered acoustic pressure data.Microphone mobile module is connected with acoustic pressure acquisition module, for controlling the collection point that acoustic pressure acquisition module moves to diverse location place, to obtain the acoustic pressure at each place, collection point, and can comprise microphone travel mechanism 331, Displacement Feedback module 332 and controller 333.It should be noted, although in this embodiment, for the object that the data that gather are processed, as store data or meet higher sampling rate and the functions such as collection of several data, and comprised dynamic acquisition front end 312 at acoustic pressure acquisition module, and then send data to receiving trap 110 through dynamic acquisition front end 312, still, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that and can also send the data of each sensor to receiving trap by the mode of other softwares or hardware.
As shown in Figure 3, sound intensity probe 311 can comprise: detect acoustic pressure P when being positioned at place, each collection point at acoustic pressure acquisition device 300
athe first microphone 322; Be used for detecting acoustic pressure P when acoustic pressure acquisition device 300 is positioned at each place, collection point
bthe second microphone 328; Spacing column 321, for regulating the spacing d of the first microphone 322 and the second microphone 328; The first locking clamp 323 and the second locking clamp 327, be respectively used to lock the first microphone 322 and the second microphone 323; The first data line 324 and the second data line 326, the data that record for transmitting the first microphone 322 and the second microphone 328; Joystick 325 for acoustic pressure acquisition module is connected to microphone mobile module, and can carry out mobile acoustic pressure acquisition module by this joystick 325 of manual movement when manual measurement.Wherein, in this embodiment, the first microphone 322 and the second microphone 328 are connected to form a U-shaped by spacing column 321, and the first locking clamp 322 and the second locking clamp 328 are connected to the two ends of U-shaped.And the spacing d of the first microphone 322 and the second microphone 328 can set according to engineering machinery to be measured, for example, in excavator, because its noise mainly concentrates on medium and low frequency region, therefore generally choose 50mm.In addition, in this embodiment, the acoustic pressure that can the first microphone 322 and the second microphone 328 be recorded by Wireless Data Transmission transfers to Dynamic Data Acquiring front end 312 and it should be noted, can also transmit by wired connection, or Dynamic Data Acquiring front end 312 and sound intensity probe 311 are combined.
As shown in Figure 4, microphone travel mechanism 331 can be positioned at by left and right slip pipe, upper and lower supporting traverse by the fastening framework forming 351 scopes of clamp nut, this framework 351 can be supported by the left and right supporting slider being installed on left and right base, left and right supporting slider is passed respectively from left and right slip pipe and left and right slip pipe can slide to regulate the height of framework 351 in left and right supporting slider respectively, and can regulate the height of left and right supporting slider so that framework 351 levels by double nut, and can there is scale in left and right supporting slider.
By describing, control in this embodiment the detailed process that acoustic pressure acquisition module moves below.Controller 333 receives the collection point coordinate (x of self-control device 120
1, y
1), controller 333 is controlled the first motor 343 runnings, to control stationary installation 346, along directions X slide rail 350, moves to the coordinate x in X-axis
1place; And control the second motor 341 and the 3rd motor 342 run-in synchronisms, to control stationary installation 346, along left and right Y-direction slide rail 349,348, move to the coordinate y in Y-axis simultaneously
1place.Wherein, in moving process, directions X displacement transducer 345 and Y-direction displacement transducer 344 also move respectively on directions X slide rail 350 and left and right Y-direction slide rail 349,348, and displacement is the displacement in directions X and Y-direction corresponding to acoustic pressure acquisition module respectively.In mobile, directions X displacement transducer 345 and Y-direction displacement transducer 344 feed back to Displacement Feedback module 332 by displacement separately, after processing by this Displacement Feedback module 332, transfer to controller 333, by controller 333, judge whether acoustic pressure acquisition module moves to collection point coordinate (x
1, y
1) locate, to determine the running to the first motor 343, the second motor 341 and the 3rd motor 342.For example, controller 333 is received after above-mentioned displacement, can judge through the coordinate after this displacement according to the initial coordinate of known acoustic pressure acquisition module, and this coordinate is compared with collection point coordinate, judges that whether the two is consistent.And controller 333 can be transferred to control device 120 by the real-time displacement of acoustic pressure acquisition module, to complete the automatic record of acoustic pressure acquisition module coordinate.
In addition, microphone travel mechanism 331 can also comprise grid 347, and this grid 347 can be arranged in stationary installation 346 movings range, or in framework 351.And the first motor 343, the second motor 341 and the 3rd motor 342 can have scale on mobile directions X slide rail 350 and left and right Y-direction slide rail 349,348 thereon.So, in measuring process, by the scale on grid 347 and slide rail, can observe intuitively the locus at acoustic pressure acquisition module place.And, in measurement, count and be not in a lot of or the less demanding situation of measuring accuracy, can also carry out mobile acoustic pressure acquisition module by manual mobile joystick 325, and utilize the scale on grid 347 and slide rail to come record space coordinate figure to complete the sound pressure measurement at place, corresponding collection point.
Below will describe according to noise source test method of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is according to the process flow diagram of noise source test method of the present invention.As shown in Figure 5, at step 401 place, receive the acoustic pressure of each collection point under this operating parameters in the operating parameters of engineering machinery to be measured and noise measurement plane; At step 402 place, according to described acoustic pressure, calculate the sound intensity of described each collection point under described operating parameters; At step 403 place, the sound intensity according to described each collection point under described operating parameters, determines the noise source under described operating parameters.
Below will describe in detail according to noise source test process of the present invention by embodiment.
This embodiment carries out for excavator.In this embodiment, can be respectively under excavator idle condition and severe duty, utilize noise source test system provided by the present invention to test its noise source during different gears (as 6 gears).
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of noise excavator to be measured in idle condition.In this test process, excavator is placed in to place central authorities, and fixation is motionless, makes its each power source in steady operational status, select unloaded operation pattern, measure one by one the sound pressure level under the engine speed that each gear is corresponding, corresponding force value and corresponding rotating speed.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of noise excavator to be measured in severe duty.In this test process, select heavily loaded mode of operation, simulation digger revolving 90/180 degree shoveling entrucking situation, measures the acoustic pressure under the corresponding engine speed of different gears institute, corresponding force value and rotating speed accordingly.
The test process of above two kinds of operating modes is as described below.
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of measured excavator.In this embodiment, measurement plane is set, the hypothetical rectangle of all noise sources of this measurement plane formula envelope excavator.Because the Main Noise Sources of excavator is the parts such as engine, fan, engine intake, exhausr port, main pump, main valve, and these parts are mainly distributed in the postmedian of excavator, and bottom enveloping surface is ground, rear side enveloping surface is conventionally equipped with counterweight and blocks, and front side does not have the parts that produce overriding noise, therefore the noise radiation of bottom, rear side and front side enveloping surface is less, thereby does not need to measure.And left side, right side and the top that can determine excavator are main noise radiation plane, so measurement plane is mainly at left side enveloping surface, right side enveloping surface and top enveloping surface.In order meeting, to measure needs, measurement plane can be divided into the impartial unit grid (being generally 100mm * 100mm) of size, and can, using the central point of grid as measurement point, still to those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not restricted to this.
In measuring process, the residing framework 351 of Ke Jiang microphone travel mechanism 331 is placed in left side enveloping surface, right side enveloping surface and the top enveloping surface of excavator to be measured, and it is overlapped with measurement plane, and with the spaced surface certain distance (being generally 200mm) of excavator to be measured, then acoustic pressure acquisition module is connected with microphone travel mechanism 331.In order to reach optimum measurement effect, test specification should cover whole measurement plane, if the scope that microphone mobile module drives acoustic pressure acquisition module to move is not enough to cover whole measurement plane, measurement plane can be divided into the sub-measurement plane that several are less than or equal to described scope, complete one by one the test of each sub-measurement plane.
In addition, the operating parameters of different gears and the acoustic pressure at different acquisition point place under the different operating modes of the excavator of measurement can be sent to control device 120, control device 120 can each measurement point according to acoustic pressure, calculate the sound intensity value of each measurement point, and can be according to each tachometer value, the force value of the excavator of the coordinate figure of each measurement point, sound intensity value and correspondence, determine the noise source under corresponding operating parameters, and, can also draw sound intensity cloud atlas, level line or numerical tabular and show by display device.Pass through drawn sound intensity cloud atlas, level line or the numerical tabular tester distribution of noise sources can observe very intuitively different gear under different operating modes time, so can in complicated Control of Mechanical Noise, identify rapidly the position of Main Noise Sources, for taking noise reduction measure that accurate reference frame is provided.
Can calculate sound intensity value I according to following formula
r:
Wherein, P is instantaneous sound pressure, and V is particle instantaneous velocity, P
aand P
bbe the acoustic pressure that the first microphone 322 and the second microphone 328 record, d is the spacing of the first microphone 322 and the second microphone 328, and ρ is atmospheric density.
After noise source when control device 120 is determined the different gear of different operating modes, can be in conjunction with the variation of operating parameters of different operating modes, the sound intensity of each collection point change, the comprehensive distribution of analyzing stable state/instantaneous noise source, in the situation that not affecting overall performance, can optimize complete machine by adjusting parameter.
By noise source test system provided by the invention and method of testing, can test for the practical operation situation of engineering machinery to be measured, can determine the distribution of stable state and transient noise source under different operating parameters simultaneously, noise situations while both having considered fixation performance, simulated again the noise situations of actual condition, the practical application of more fitting.And, by adopting microphone mobile device, can realize moving direction and the coordinate figure of Long-distance Control microphone, shortened test period, improved test accuracy, and realized remote measurement, increased security, and directly utilized corresponding tachometer value, force value to analyze its impact on noise, thus can be in the situation that not changing overall performance obtain optimum tractor parameter.In addition,, in test of the present invention, the test of the sound intensity technique of employing has the ability of good anti-ground unrest, has simplified test condition.And, by sound intensity cloud atlas, level line or the numerical tabular drawn, can determine the position of the noise source of place's engineering machinery to be measured, so that pointed improvement.
Below describe by reference to the accompanying drawings the preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail; but; the present invention is not limited to the detail in above-mentioned embodiment; within the scope of technical conceive of the present invention; can carry out multiple simple variant to technical scheme of the present invention, these simple variant all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in addition, each concrete technical characterictic described in above-mentioned embodiment, in reconcilable situation, can combine by any suitable mode, for fear of unnecessary repetition, the present invention is to the explanation no longer separately of various possible array modes.
In addition, between various embodiment of the present invention, also can carry out combination in any, as long as it is without prejudice to thought of the present invention, it should be considered as content disclosed in this invention equally.
Claims (10)
1. for an acoustic pressure acquisition device for noise source test, it is characterized in that, this acoustic pressure acquisition device comprises:
Acoustic pressure acquisition module, for obtaining the acoustic pressure of each collection point in noise measurement plane; And
Microphone mobile module, is connected with described acoustic pressure acquisition module, moves to the collection point at diverse location place for controlling described acoustic pressure acquisition module, to obtain the acoustic pressure at each place, collection point.
2. acoustic pressure acquisition device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described acoustic pressure acquisition module comprises sound intensity probe, and this sound intensity probe comprises:
The first microphone and the second microphone, detect acoustic pressure P when being positioned at place, each collection point at described acoustic pressure acquisition device
aand P
b; And
Spacing device, for regulating the distance d between described the first microphone and described the second microphone.
3. acoustic pressure acquisition device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described acoustic pressure acquisition module also comprises the first locking clamp and the second locking clamp, is respectively used to lock the first microphone and the second microphone,
Wherein said the first microphone and described the second microphone are connected to form a U-shaped by described spacing device, and described the first locking clamp and described the second locking clamp are connected to the two ends of described U-shaped.
4. acoustic pressure acquisition device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described acoustic pressure acquisition module also comprises Dynamic Data Acquiring front end, for gathering and store the data from described the first microphone and described the second microphone, described Dynamic Data Acquiring front end is connected by wired or wireless with described sound intensity probe.
5. acoustic pressure acquisition device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described microphone mobile module comprises:
Microphone travel mechanism, comprising:
Stationary installation, for fixing described acoustic pressure acquisition module;
The first motor, for controlling the movement on directions X according to the X coordinate of described collection point of described stationary installation; And
The second motor and the 3rd motor, for controlling described stationary installation according to the movement in the Y direction of the Y coordinate of described collection point; And
Controller, for receiving collection point coordinate, controls described the first motor, the second motor and the 3rd motor rotation, described stationary installation is moved to coordinate place, described collection point.
6. acoustic pressure acquisition device according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described microphone mobile module also comprises:
Directions X displacement transducer and Y-direction displacement transducer, be respectively used to detect the displacement of described stationary installation in directions X and Y-direction, and this displacement is sent to described controller, wherein X orientation and Y-direction are respectively the one in horizontal direction and vertical direction.
7. acoustic pressure acquisition device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described microphone mobile module comprises framework, directions X slide rail, left Y-direction slide rail and the right Y-direction slide rail for limiting described stationary installation moving range, described the first motor is fixed on described directions X slide rail, described the second motor and described the 3rd motor are individually fixed on described left Y-direction slide rail and described right Y-direction slide rail
Wherein, described left Y-direction slide rail is fixed on the relative both sides of this framework with right Y-direction slide rail, and described directions X slide rail also can slide between described left Y-direction slide rail and right Y-direction slide rail on described left Y-direction slide rail and right Y-direction slide rail.
8. acoustic pressure acquisition device according to claim 7, is characterized in that, in described framework, has grid, and is respectively arranged with scale on described directions X slide rail, described left Y-direction slide rail and described right Y-direction slide rail.
9. acoustic pressure acquisition device according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described microphone mobile module also comprises left support slide bar and right support slide bar, the relative both sides of described framework are installed on respectively on described left support slide bar and right support slide bar, and the height of described left support slide bar and described right support slide bar can be conditioned to adjust the position of described framework.
10. acoustic pressure acquisition device according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described acoustic pressure acquisition module also comprises joystick, for being connected with described stationary installation.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN103994819A (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2014-08-20 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳飞机设计研究所 | Engine noise test method |
| CN104344886A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-02-11 | 北京航天计量测试技术研究所 | Method for evaluating high sound intensity characteristics of sound intensity measuring instrument |
| CN105551495A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-05-04 | 青岛海尔智能技术研发有限公司 | Sound noise filtering device and method |
| CN107367325A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2017-11-21 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of automatic Sound Intensity Test System for obtaining spatial coordinate location |
| CN108594163A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-09-28 | 江苏大学 | The method that inner product operation identifies sound source is combined with the movement of single microphone |
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| CN109141619A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2019-01-04 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | A kind of noise measuring method for rail traffic current transformer |
| CN107367325A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2017-11-21 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of automatic Sound Intensity Test System for obtaining spatial coordinate location |
| CN108594163A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-09-28 | 江苏大学 | The method that inner product operation identifies sound source is combined with the movement of single microphone |
| CN108594163B (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2020-03-31 | 江苏大学 | Method for identifying sound source by using single microphone movement and inner product operation |
| CN109323756A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-02-12 | 江苏中聚检测服务有限公司 | A kind of device for noise radiation detection |
| CN109323756B (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2020-09-18 | 江苏中聚检测服务有限公司 | Device for detecting noise radiation |
| CN111721554A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-09-29 | 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 | Rail transit vehicle noise distribution calculation method and system |
| CN114646383A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2022-06-21 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Sound source detection system and sound source detection method |
| CN114646383B (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2024-07-12 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Sound source detection system and sound source detection method |
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