CN103673396B - Heat-exchange system - Google Patents
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- CN103673396B CN103673396B CN201310710441.6A CN201310710441A CN103673396B CN 103673396 B CN103673396 B CN 103673396B CN 201310710441 A CN201310710441 A CN 201310710441A CN 103673396 B CN103673396 B CN 103673396B
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Abstract
A kind of heat-exchange system, is made up of closed subsystem and open subsystem, and a heat exchanger in closed subsystem and No. two heat exchangers adopt pipeline in parallel; Dividing plate and steam shutter is adopted to be divided into condensation chamber and vaporizer in phase change device in open subsystem; The liquid outlet of vaporizer is linked in sequence the nozzle of pump and ejector, and the negative pressure cavity of ejector connects the gas outlet of condensation chamber; Liquid vapour shower nozzle is installed in the top of vaporizer, and the entrance of liquid vapour shower nozzle connects the outlet of heater, and the liquid inlet of heater connects heat exchange tower; The liquid vapor outlet of ejector connects the jet box of non-hermetic, and the liquid outlet of jet box is mounted on the fluid jetting head in heat exchange tower; A heat exchanger is arranged in condensation chamber, and No. two heat exchangers are arranged on the servant quarters of the fluid jetting head in heat exchange tower; Be provided with liquid level sensor in vaporizer, vaporizer liquid level sensor controls the duty of heater.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heat-exchange system that can make full use of liquid vapour latent heat and sensible heat.
Background technology
Along with continuous growth and economic the developing rapidly of the size of population, exacerbate consumption and the exhaustion of fossil energy, also bring comparatively severe contamination and destruction to environment simultaneously.For this reason, people are just to make great efforts the outlet finding the energy greatly: one is economize energy, and two is tap a new source of energy.Up to the present, power-saving technology based on the first law of thermodynamics, is set about from amount aspect, is reduced various loss and waste on the one hand; On the other hand from the second law of thermodynamics, set about research from the aspect of matter, utilize low-phase energy (air, soil, water, solar energy, industrial waste heat etc.) to replace a part of high-order energy (coal, oil, electric energy), to save the high-order energy.Therefore, the heat pump techniques of low-phase energy is utilized to attract people's attention.
The Energy Efficiency Ratio of heat pump and environment temperature directly have relation, if heat the water of identical temperature, be directly proportional to environment temperature, environment temperature more high efficiency is also higher, environment temperature is more inefficient also lower, simultaneously cold-producing medium charging amount number, air-breathing, delivery temperature is all the main cause directly affecting efficiency.Utilize a small amount of high-grade electric energy as drive energy, be transferred to high temperature heat source from low-temperature heat source efficient absorption low grade heat energy, reach the object of " pump heat ".Heat pump techniques is also a kind of technology improving energy grade, and it is not the process of power conversion, not by the restriction of the energy conversion efficiency limit 100%, but by the restriction against Carnot's cycle efficiency.Its efficiency COP refers to quantity of heat production and inputs comparing of electric energy.Its theoretical efficiency is (operating temperature+273)/temperature rise △ T.When operating temperature 25 DEG C, when △ T is 20 DEG C, theoretical heating efficiency just can reach COP=15.But in the middle of reality, motor efficiency=0.95, compressor efficiency=0.8, heat exchanger efficiency=0.9, system effectiveness=0.8, then gross efficiency is 0.95 × 0.8 × 0.9 × 0.8=0.55.COP reality=15 × 0.55=8.25.The electric energy dropping into 1KW in other words to carry heat energy, when operating temperature 25 DEG C, when △ T is 20 DEG C, the highest heat can carrying 8.25KW.
But different from the situation of air source heat pump manufacturing enterprise fast development, air source heat pump is unsatisfactory in the application feature of China.For a long time, air source heat pump only obtains some application in southern areas such as the Guangdong of China, Fujian, Zhejiang, Hunan, Jiangxi, Yunnan, and its situation promoted at northern area is not fully up to expectations.To this, insider points out, in cold climates, the unit coil pipe of air source heat pump is easy to the phenomenon occurring frosting, this is extremely unfavorable to the normal heat supply of whole net for air-source heat pump units.Want the application promoting air source heat pump at northern area, net for air-source heat pump units coil pipe easy this problem of frosting at low ambient temperatures must be solved in time.But the defrost effect of several defrost technology adopted in current China net for air-source heat pump units is not ideal greatly.
Data according to the large market of air conditioner refrigerating is understood, and the defrost technology adopted in current air source heat pump mainly contains three kinds: the reverse defrost of cross valve, hot-gas bypass defrost, electrical heating defrost.With regard to applicable cases, this technology of the reverse defrost of cross valve is utilized to carry out the product of defrost relatively many.Although the defrost effect of the reverse defrost of cross valve is better, when utilizing this kind of technology to carry out defrost, the compressor of air source heat pump stops heat supply, oppositely start running as refrigeration, therefore system heating load is obviously affected.Through relevant test, the heat loss caused when adopting this technology to carry out defrost accounts for 10.2% of the loss of air source heat pump total energy consumption.This defrost technology also easily causes " liquid hammer " simultaneously, very unfavorable to the normal use of compressor.
In addition, adopt the enterprise of this technology of hot-gas bypass defrost also many.Although the impact that this technology causes whole air source heat pump system is smaller, security is corresponding higher, and its maximum drawback is that the effect of defrost is thorough not.
For above two kinds of technology, the utility ratio of this technology of electrical heating defrost is lower.Although its actual defrost effect is ideal, adopt electrical heating defrost to need to use electric heating tube, this makes the energy consumption of air source heat pump increase, and then the advantage making it energy-conservation has not existed.In addition, the service life of electric heating tube is limited, and exists and overheatedly cause possibility on fire, in security, also have hidden danger.
Except above technology, although it is also proposed maximum average heating load to control the technology that this class of defrost has new meaning very much in some documents, these technology also rest on theoretical research stage at present mostly, and practical application example is little.Just because of net for air-source heat pump units coil pipe at low ambient temperatures easily this problem of frosting also effectively do not solved so far, so the manufacturer of many air source heat pumps is all secretive for this problem of air source heat pump defrost poor effect.Because the air source heat pumps energy-saving that this phenomenon is external publicized with it, environmental protection, safety, can the image of round-the-clock use conflicting.
It is reported, the manufacturing enterprise of some air source heat pumps makes some progress in the defrost of air source heat pump at present, improved air source heat pump product, normally can use, can adapt to the weather of most area under the environment of subzero 15 degrees Celsius.But this is for the northern area of extreme severe cold in winter, also shows slightly not enough, need further improvement.In a word, defrost effect is not ideal enough has become the key factor that restriction air source heat pump promotes in China on a large scale, be also numerous manufacturing enterprise have to one " weakness " overcoming.Especially China's part also rests on and utilizes nature fossil energy to do the main resource means of heating, this administers haze weather for China very bad impact, we go the problem solving this heating needle-holding hand with how looking for another way, and are also the problems that improvement China haze weather is stood in the breach.
In fact inherently contain huge heat energy in air, especially the latent heat of steam also can not be despised, how we go to develop air can, scientific worker have also been made a large amount of trials, if any a kind of heat source tower, it utilizes air to carry out heating, but drawback is also very many existing for existing heat source tower, non-freezing solution is carrying out the continuous steam that absorb in air of meeting in energy exchange processes with air, thus non-freezing solution concentration is declined, if do not concentrated, its freezing point will raise, even can cause situation about cannot run, energy input certainly will be increased if concentrated, Energy Efficiency Ratio also can decline.Have in view of that, patent of the present invention have employed and namely do not affect concentrated effect, the way of steam latent heat is not lost yet, have employed injection injection principle to evaporate in lower temperature situation by non-freezing solution, and vaporized steam, aqueous water is condensed into again in heat exchanger, the latent heat of its condensation feeds back the non-freezing solution giving heat exchanger inside again, reach perfect absorption water in air vapour latent heat object, and unlike existing heat source tower the steam latent heat got, abandon in vain again in non-freezing solution concentration process, and concentrated energy consumption will be lost, really lose more than gain.
In air, thermal source is what many, and that is endlessly, is also inexhaustible.Be the problem how we adopt very economical means to shift to drive the heat energy in air to high temperature place, this is a huge problem, is also the problem being worth going into seriously.
What existing heat source tower was discharged is steam, and it is lose after having got it to the steam latent heat in air, is not made full use of, and it carries out concentratedly also will consuming a part of heat energy to non-freezing solution; In the place that humidity is larger, energy consumption is more, and value is less.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, overcomes deficiency of the prior art, provides a kind of liquid vapour latent heat to be fully utilized, runs that parts are few, the heat-exchange system of stable and reliable operation.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the employing of its technical problem is: a kind of heat-exchange system, be made up of closed subsystem and open subsystem, a heat exchanger in described closed subsystem and No. two heat exchangers are by pipeline parallel connection, and two ports A, B of described pipeline are connected with work station; Phase change device in described open subsystem is sealed body structure, and adopt dividing plate and steam shutter to be divided into condensation chamber and vaporizer in it, described dividing plate is positioned at the below of steam shutter; The liquid outlet of described vaporizer is linked in sequence the nozzle of pump and ejector, and the negative pressure cavity of described ejector connects the gas outlet of condensation chamber; Liquid vapour shower nozzle is installed in the top of vaporizer, and the entrance of liquid vapour shower nozzle connects the outlet of heater, and the liquid inlet of heater connects heat exchange tower; The liquid vapor outlet of ejector connects the jet box of non-hermetic, and the liquid outlet of jet box is mounted on the fluid jetting head in heat exchange tower; A heat exchanger is arranged in condensation chamber, and No. two heat exchangers are arranged on the below of the fluid jetting head in heat exchange tower; In vaporizer, liquid level sensor is installed, when the liquid level sensor in vaporizer detects the liquid level of vaporizer higher than setting value, heater work, otherwise, heater stop work.
Further, the parallel entry place of a described heat exchanger and No. two heat exchangers is provided with separating liquid valve.
Further, be provided with intake valve and draining valve above and below described condensation chamber, condensed water liquid level sensor is installed in condensation chamber, when condensed water liquid level sensor detects the liquid level of condensed water higher than setting value, intake valve and draining valve are opened simultaneously, air inlet discharge opeing; Otherwise intake valve and draining valve are all in closed condition.
Further, the top of described fluid jetting head is provided with air exhauster, and the sidewall of heat source tower is provided with ventilating opening.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: (l) system flow structure is simple, and cost of investment is low; (2) parts are run few, stable and reliable operation; (3) quality is light, volume is little, installation is simple, need not people on duty; (4) both there is no the anxiety of frosting condensation, the latent heat of water in air vapour can have been made full use of again, and made it as the important component part of thermal source, and do not limit by condition, in the very large place of humidity, more can show its superiority; (5) Energy Efficiency Ratio is high, more more economical than existing air energy heat pump more energy-conservation; (6) liquid vapour latent heat and sensible heat can fully be utilized.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of one embodiment of the invention.
In figure: 1-separating liquid valve, 2-intake valve, 3-heat exchanger, 4-phase change device, 5-condensation chamber liquid level sensor, 6-condensation chamber, 7-draining valve, 8-dividing plate, 9-vaporizer, 10-vaporizer liquid level sensor, 11-heater, 12-No. bis-heat exchangers, 13-heat source tower, 14-air exhauster, 15-fluid jetting head, 16-ventilating opening, 17-jet box, 18-ejector, 19-liquid vapour shower nozzle, 20-pump, 21-steam shutter.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
With reference to accompanying drawing: the present invention is made up of closed subsystem and open subsystem; A heat exchanger 3 in described closed subsystem and No. two heat exchangers 12 adopt pipeline in parallel, and two ports A, B of pipeline are connected with work station; Phase change device 4 in described open subsystem is sealed body structure, and adopt dividing plate 8 and steam shutter 21 to be divided into condensation chamber 6 and vaporizer 9 in it, dividing plate 8 is positioned at the below of steam shutter 21; The liquid outlet of vaporizer 9 is linked in sequence the nozzle of pump 20 and ejector 18, and the negative pressure cavity of ejector 18 connects the gas outlet of condensation chamber 6; Liquid vapour shower nozzle 19 is installed in the top of vaporizer 9, and the entrance of liquid vapour shower nozzle 19 connects the outlet of heater 11, and the liquid inlet of heater 11 connects heat source tower 13; The liquid vapor outlet of ejector 18 connects jet box 17, and the liquid outlet of jet box 17 is mounted on the fluid jetting head 15 in heat source tower 13; A heat exchanger 3 is arranged in condensation chamber 6, and No. two heat exchangers 12 are arranged on the below of the fluid jetting head 15 in heat exchange tower 13; Install vaporizer liquid level sensor 10 in steam room 9, when vaporizer liquid level sensor 10 detects the liquid level of vaporizer 9 higher than setting value, heater 11 works, otherwise heater 11 quits work.
Separating liquid valve 1 is installed at the parallel entry place of a described heat exchanger 3 and No. two heat exchangers 12.
Intake valve 2 and draining valve 7 are set above and below described condensation chamber 6, in condensation chamber 6, condensed water liquid level sensor 5 is installed, when condensed water liquid level sensor 5 detects the liquid level of condensed water higher than setting value, intake valve 2 and draining valve 7 are opened simultaneously, air inlet discharge opeing; Otherwise intake valve 2 and draining valve 7 are all in closed condition.
Air exhauster 14 is installed in the top of described fluid jetting head 15, and the sidewall of heat source tower 13 arranges ventilating opening 16.
Described separating liquid valve 1, intake valve 2, solidifying room liquid level sensor 5, draining valve 7, vaporizer liquid level sensor 10, air exhauster 14, fluid jetting head 15, ejector 18, liquid vapour shower nozzle 19 and pump 20 adopt commercially available prod.Separating liquid valve 1 function is the flow for a heat exchanger 3 and No. two heat exchanger 12 distribution media.
A described heat exchanger 3, No. two heat exchangers 12 adopt air side finned and the heat exchanger that can realize adverse current carries out supporting.
The work station that described port A, B connect is one or one group of thermal energy converter.
Embodiment 1:
Two subsystems: closed subsystem and open subsystem.
A heat exchanger 3 in closed subsystem and No. two heat exchangers 12 adopt pipeline in parallel, and two ports A, B of pipeline are connected with work station.
Phase change device 4 in open subsystem is sealed body structure, and adopt dividing plate 8 and steam shutter 21 to be divided into condensation chamber 6 and vaporizer 9 in it, dividing plate 8 is positioned at the below of steam shutter 21; The liquid outlet of vaporizer 9 is linked in sequence the nozzle of pump 20 and ejector 18, and the negative pressure cavity of ejector 18 connects the gas outlet of condensation chamber 6; Liquid vapour shower nozzle 19 is installed in the top of vaporizer 9, and the entrance of liquid vapour shower nozzle 19 connects the outlet of heater 11, and the liquid inlet of heater 11 connects heat source tower 13; The liquid vapor outlet of ejector 18 connects jet box 17, and the liquid outlet of jet box 17 is mounted on the fluid jetting head 15 in heat source tower 13; A heat exchanger 3 is arranged in condensation chamber 6, and No. two heat exchangers 12 are arranged on the servant quarters of the fluid jetting head 15 in heat source tower 13; Liquid level sensor 10 is installed in vaporizer 9.
When vaporizer liquid level sensor 10 detects the liquid level of vaporizer 9 higher than setting value, heater 11 works, otherwise heater 11 quits work.
After port B in closed subsystem, forced circulation pump is installed, allows the liquid medium in closed subsystem enter a heat exchanger 3 and No. two heat exchangers 12 from port A shunting, then gone out by port B.In the present embodiment, the liquid medium flow through in a heat exchanger 3 and No. two heat exchangers 12 does not have artificial intervention.
Embodiment 2:
On the basis of embodiment 1, at the parallel entry place of a heat exchanger 3 and No. two heat exchangers 12, separating liquid valve 1 is installed.In the present embodiment, the liquid medium flow through in a heat exchanger 3 and No. two heat exchangers 12 is by separating liquid valve 1 pro rate.
Embodiment 3,4:
Respectively on the basis of embodiment 1,2, intake valve 2 and draining valve 7 are set above and below condensation chamber 6, in condensation chamber 6, condensed water liquid level sensor 5 is installed, when condensed water liquid level sensor 5 detects the liquid level of condensed water higher than setting value, intake valve 2 and draining valve 7 are opened simultaneously, air inlet discharge opeing; Otherwise intake valve 2 and draining valve 7 are all in closed condition.
Embodiment 5-8:
Respectively on the basis of embodiment 1-4, air exhauster 14 is installed above fluid jetting head 15, and the sidewall of heat source tower 3 arranges ventilating opening 16.
Present system is applicable to heating, health hot water processed.
Systems Theory basis of the present invention: by the latent heat of a subsystem or/and the heat energy of sensible heat passes to another one subsystem, the subsystem accepting heat energy works in sensible heat mode.
Operation principle: when heater 11 works, its hot non-freezing solution produced is or/and steam enters vaporizer 9 by liquid vapour shower nozzle 19, the hot non-freezing solution of part is vaporized in vaporizer 9, steam in vaporizer 9 enters condensation chamber 6 by steam shutter 21, and high temperature heat is passed to a heat exchanger 3 with the form of latent heat; The non-freezing solution of not vaporizing in vaporizer 9 is sent into the nozzle of ejector 18 by pump 20, the steam of condensation chamber 6 is connected to the negative pressure cavity of ejector 18 by pipeline, when the nozzle of ejector 18 sprays non-freezing solution, condensation chamber 6 is caused certain vacuum environment by the negative pressure of the negative pressure cavity of ejector 18, and its object is exactly that steam in order to utilize pressure reduction to make vaporizer produce is to condensation chamber 6 diffluence; Liquid vapour is ejected in jet box 17 by the liquid vapor outlet of ejector 18, and the liquid outlet of jet box 17 is mounted on the fluid jetting head 15 in heat source tower 13; Spray the outer wall to No. two heat exchangers 12 with the non-freezing solution in jet box 17, that is: two systems are all with the mode transferring heat energy of sensible heat.
Significantly being different from of the present invention and existing heat source tower: the present invention does not only have the anxiety of frosting condensation, the latent heat of water in air vapour can also be made full use of, make it as the important component part of thermal source, like this, just can obtain cheap air energy thermal source, no matter where air can have everywhere, and not limit by condition, in the very large place of humidity, the present invention more can show its superiority.
Claims (5)
1. a heat-exchange system, it is characterized in that: be made up of closed subsystem and open subsystem, a heat exchanger (3) in described closed subsystem and No. two heat exchangers (12) are by pipeline parallel connection, and two ports A, B of described pipeline are connected with work station; Phase change device (4) in described open subsystem is sealed body structure, and adopt dividing plate (8) and steam shutter (21) to be divided into condensation chamber (6) and vaporizer (9) in it, dividing plate (8) is positioned at the below of steam shutter (21); The liquid outlet of described vaporizer (9) is linked in sequence the nozzle of pump (20) and ejector (18), and the negative pressure cavity of ejector (18) connects the gas outlet of condensation chamber (6); The top of vaporizer (9) is provided with liquid vapour shower nozzle (19), and the entrance of described liquid vapour shower nozzle (19) connects the outlet of heater (11), and the liquid inlet of described heater (11) connects heat source tower (13); The liquid vapor outlet of described ejector (18) connects jet box (17), and the liquid outlet of described jet box (17) is mounted on the fluid jetting head (15) in heat source tower (13); A described heat exchanger (3) is arranged in condensation chamber (6), and No. two heat exchangers (12) are arranged on the below of the fluid jetting head (15) in heat source tower (13); Vaporizer liquid level sensor (10) is installed in described vaporizer (9), when vaporizer liquid level sensor (10) detects the liquid level of vaporizer (9) higher than setting value, described heater (11) works, otherwise described heater (11) quits work.
2. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the parallel entry place of a described heat exchanger (3) and No. two heat exchangers (12) is provided with separating liquid valve (1).
3. system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: intake valve (2) and draining valve (7) are set above and below described condensation chamber (6) respectively, condensed water liquid level sensor (5) is installed in described condensation chamber (6), when condensed water liquid level sensor (5) detects the liquid level of condensed water higher than setting value, described intake valve (2) and draining valve (7) are opened simultaneously, air inlet discharge opeing; Otherwise described intake valve (2) and draining valve (7) are all in closed condition.
4. system according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the top of described fluid jetting head (15) is provided with air exhauster (14), and the sidewall of heat source tower (13) arranges ventilating opening (16).
5. system according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the top of described fluid jetting head (15) is provided with air exhauster (14), and the sidewall of heat source tower (13) arranges ventilating opening (16).
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310710441.6A CN103673396B (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2013-12-20 | Heat-exchange system |
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| CN201310710441.6A CN103673396B (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2013-12-20 | Heat-exchange system |
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| CN103673396A CN103673396A (en) | 2014-03-26 |
| CN103673396B true CN103673396B (en) | 2015-11-18 |
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| CN108826750B (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2023-11-28 | 广东省汕头市质量计量监督检测所 | Heat pump energy consumption detection system and method thereof |
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| CN103216900A (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2013-07-24 | 重庆大学 | Solar phase-change heat-storage heat source tower heat pump system |
| CN203657273U (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-06-18 | 湖南创化低碳环保科技有限公司 | Heat exchange device |
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- 2013-12-20 CN CN201310710441.6A patent/CN103673396B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
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| WO2008074990A1 (en) * | 2006-12-16 | 2008-06-26 | Star Refrigeration Limited | Air-source heat pump |
| CN201513992U (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2010-06-23 | 湖南大学 | Water-loop heat pump air-conditioning system based on hot-cold source tower |
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Inventor after: Jiang Xiongbiao Inventor after: Peng Weijun Inventor before: Liu Bin Inventor before: Liu Xiaojiang |
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Effective date of registration: 20160331 Address after: 417701 science and Technology Industrial Park, Shuangfeng Economic Development Zone, Loudi, Hunan, Loudi Patentee after: Hunan Jinsong Machinery Co., Ltd. Address before: Quan Lu and Lu Lu 410013 high-tech zones in Hunan province Changsha Pine Road interchange of agricultural extension business building 14 floor No. 1462 Patentee before: Hunan Chuanghua Low-carbon Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. |