CN103670551A - Combined solar energy and biomass organic Rankine circulation system - Google Patents
Combined solar energy and biomass organic Rankine circulation system Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
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Abstract
The invention provides a combined solar energy and biomass organic Rankine circulation system, and belongs to the technical field of energy and environment. The combined solar energy and biomass organic Rankine circulation system comprises a heat transmission fluid loop, an organic working medium loop and a cooling water loop. The heat transmission fluid loop is composed of a solar heat collector, a hot fluid tank, a heat transmission fluid booster pump, an evaporator, a pre-heater, a heat transmission fluid booster pump, a biomass combustion furnace, a cold fluid tank and a heat transmission fluid booster pump. The organic working medium loop is composed of an evaporator, a pre-heater, a turbine, an excitation generator, a condenser, a liquid storage tank, an organic working medium booster pump and pipelines which enables the parts to be connected. The cooling water loop is composed of a condenser, a cooling tower and a cooling water pump. By means of the combined solar energy and biomass organic Rankine circulation system, heat transmission fluid heated by the sun in the daytime can be stored to be used at night, meanwhile, the solar heat collector and the biomass combustion furnace are arranged in parallel, the load of the solar heat collector and the load of the biomass combustion furnace are adjusted respectively according to the sun radiation strength, and therefore fuel is saved to the maximum under the situation that electric energy is output stably.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solar energy and living beings alliance organic rankine cycle system, belong to energy and environment technical field.
Background technique
Electrical production is being played the part of more and more important role in modern production life, can say that power supply is the bottleneck of entire society's development.Since oneth century, power industry depends critically upon fossil fuel all, although in recent years along with the application of the technology such as overcritical Rankine cycle, coal electrical efficiency progressively improves (state-of-the-art technology can reach nearly 50% the thermal efficiency in the world now), but power industry is still carbon dioxide and the main emission source of the serious environmental contaminants of sulfur dioxide, while is along with the exhaustion of fossil fuel, the cost of exploitation and difficulty can be increasing, therefore strengthen the dynamics to new energy development, the dependence of minimizing to fossil fuel, using the more clean energy is the present mankind's inevitable choice.
The radiation power of the sun reaches 3.8 x 1023kW, and wherein, the solar radiation flux of energy of earth intercepting is 1.7x 1014kW, and than nuclear energy, underground heat and gravitational energy reserves summation are also wanted large more than 5000 times.It is estimated, the sun is radiated tellurian energy within January, can support 10 times more than of all non-renewable energy resources gross reserves that comprise fossil fuel, atomic power etc. on the earth, and solar energy is really inexhaustible, the nexhaustible energy.China belongs to the quite abundant country of solar energy resources, and a 2/3 area year sunshine duration of area is greater than 2200h, and unit area solar radiation total amount is higher than 5016MJ/m2.Therefore, research solar energy generation technology is significant to China and even the whole mankind's sustainable development.Solar electrical energy generation can convert solar energy into electrical energy environment not being brought in any pollution and public hazards situation, and solar electrical energy generation is described as following optimal generation mode.Press the difference of conversion regime, can be divided into photovoltaic generation and light-Re-two kinds of electricity mode, wherein, photovoltaic power generation technology is more ripe, but its efficiency is low, initial cost is high.
Biomass resource mainly refers to the solid waste that combustible component is contained in agricultural and woods industrial waste, livestock breeding industry ight soil and city.There is abundant biomass resource in China, and only the straw amount of abandoning is just up to 700,000,000 tons (calorific value is 10.2 * 1015kJ approximately) in China rural area according to statistics, and woods industrial waste nearly 200,000,000 tons (calorific value is 3.1 * 1015kJ approximately), still has the agricultural wastes such as a large amount of rice husks, stalk.If these wastes are unreasonable, recycled, just can become ring harmful substances.Current biomass energy utilization technologies mainly contains: directly burning, and the heat that burning produces and steam can be used for generating, or to user's heat supply; Biogas technology, the biogas that living beings produce can be used as living combustion gas and generating; Biomass gasification technology, the combustible gas that gasification is produced can be used for cooking, heating and used for drying corps, also can be used as the fuel of internal-combustion engine, gas turbine equal power device, output power or power; Biomass pyrolytic technology, is divided into destructive distillation water gas processed, charcoal processing and fast pyrogenation bio oil technology processed; Biomass liquefying technology.As a whole, agricultural and forest products industry living beings need absorbing carbon dioxide to carry out photosynthesis in growing process, the using energy source of this biolobic material and conversion system can not cause the increase of total carbon dioxide capacity in earth atmosphere, therefore, the research of biomass energy utilization technologies has become the focus of international community's new energy technology research.At present, the clean combustion technology of living beings, as production and use of marsh gas technology, Gasification Technology etc. have become ripe, and Related product is just progressively realized the sizing marketization.
Coupled low temperature solar energy and biomass energy build cogeneration system effectively, can realize between solar energy and biomass energy and having complementary advantages, and guarantee stability and the high efficiency of energy source conversion system, are expected to become the important technique measure that builds distributed energy supply system.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of solar energy and living beings alliance organic rankine cycle system, the form that adopts biomass combustion furnace and solar thermal collector to be arranged in parallel, the load that can regulate the two to bear according to solar irradiance intensity, prerequisite at stable output electric energy is issued to fuel saving to greatest extent, adopt heat-storing device simultaneously, improved the heat utilization efficiency of system.
Solving the scheme that technical problem of the present invention adopts is: a kind of solar energy and living beings alliance organic rankine cycle system, comprise heat transfer fluid loop, organic working medium loop, chilled(cooling) water return (CWR), described heat transfer fluid loop consists of solar thermal collector 1, hot fluid tank 2, thermal fluid compression pump 3, vaporizer 4, preheater 5, thermal fluid compression pump 6, biomass combustion furnace 7, cold fluid tank 8, thermal fluid compression pump 9, solar thermal collector 1 outlet exports with cold fluid tank 8 respectively through pipeline, 9 imports of thermal fluid compression pump, 2 imports of hot fluid tank, vaporizer 4 hot fluid side-entrances connect, 2 outlets of hot fluid tank are connected with 3 imports of thermal fluid compression pump through pipeline, 3 outlets of thermal fluid compression pump are connected with vaporizer 4 hot fluid side-entrances through pipeline, vaporizer 4 hot fluid side outlets are connected with preheater 5 hot fluid side-entrances through pipeline, preheater 5 hot fluid side outlets are connected with thermal fluid compression pump 6 and 8 imports of cold fluid tank respectively through pipeline, 6 outlets of thermal fluid compression pump are connected with biomass combustion furnace 7 thermal fluid imports through pipeline, biomass combustion furnace 7 thermal fluid outlets are connected with vaporizer 4 hot fluid side-entrances through pipeline, 8 outlets of cold fluid tank are connected with 9 imports of thermal fluid compression pump through pipeline, and 9 outlets of thermal fluid compression pump are connected with solar thermal collector 1 import through pipeline, organic working medium loop is by vaporizer 4, preheater 5, turbine 10, excitation generator 11, condenser 12, liquid container 13, organic working medium compression pump 14 and the pipeline that they are connected form, vaporizer 4 cold fluid side outlets are connected with turbine 10 imports and condenser 12 hot fluid side-entrances through pipeline, turbine 10 outlets are connected with condenser 12 hot fluid side-entrances through pipeline, condenser 12 hot fluid side outlets are connected with liquid container 13 imports through pipeline, liquid container 13 outlets are connected with 14 imports of organic working medium compression pump through pipeline, 14 outlets of organic working medium compression pump are connected with preheater 5 cold fluid side-entrances through pipeline, preheater 5 cold fluid side outlets are connected with vaporizer 4 cold fluid side-entrances through pipeline, turbine 10 output shafts are connected with excitation generator 11, chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) consists of condenser 12, cooling tower 15, cooling waterpump 16, cooling waterpump 16 is connected between cooling tower 15 outlets and condenser 12 cold fluid side-entrances by pipeline, and condenser 12 cold fluid side outlets are connected with cooling tower upper end water distributor through pipeline.
The fuel that described biomass combustion furnace 7 is used is fuel diesel, heavy oil, methyl alcohol, ethanol, methane, rock gas, coal gas, dimethyl ether, biomass fuel or the fuel (as biodiesel, gasification of biomass combustible gas) made by living beings.
In described organic working medium loop, organic working medium is any one or several any mixture in R123, R245fa, toluene, butane, isobutane, pentane, isopentane, cyclopentane, heptane, R113, R11, cyclohexane, benzene, ortho-xylene, ethylo benzene, 6 methyl 2 siloxane, 8 methyl 3 siloxane, 10 methyl 4 siloxane, 12 methyl 5 siloxane, R134a, R227ea.
Described heat transfer fluid loop heat-transfer working medium is conduction oil.
Described hot fluid tank 2 adopts cylindrical metal tank, and outside installs thermal insulating material additional.
The present invention is according to the selected fuel type of biomass combustion furnace, the selected selected working medium kind in working medium kind, organic working medium loop of heat transfer fluid loop, and generate output is on demand installed biomass combustion furnace, solar thermal collector, thermal fluid compression pump, hot fluid tank, cold fluid tank, turbine, excitation generator, vaporizer, preheater, condenser, liquid container, working medium compression pump, cooling tower, cooling waterpump and pipeline and accessory; According to the charging amount of each pipeline volume calculations cycle fluid, cycle fluid metering is filled with in circulation loop.
Working principle of the present invention is: from solar thermal collector 1 thermal fluid being heated out lead up to pipeline with from cold fluid tank 8 thermal fluid out, mix, reach the effect to cold fluid preheating, one tunnel can enter in hot fluid tank 2 and store (when solar irradiance intensity is excessive), another road enters vaporizer 4, the hot fluid simultaneously storing in hot fluid tank 2 when needed can be through 3 pressurizations of thermal fluid compression pump, equally also enter vaporizer 4, thermal fluid is passed to organic working medium by heat in vaporizer 4, make from vaporizer 4, out to enter preheater 5 after its evaporation, in preheater 5, same release heat is carried out preheating to the organic working medium that is about to enter in vaporizer 4, then from preheater 4 out, now, the load of bearing respectively according to solar thermal collector 1 and biomass combustion furnace 7, thermal fluid one tunnel enters release heat in vaporizer 4 enter biomass combustion furnace 7 heating after 6 pressurizations of thermal fluid compression pump after equally, another road enters cold fluid tank 8, then from cold fluid tank 8, out mixes with the thermal fluid being heated by solar thermal collector 1 by entering in solar thermal collector 1 and be heated after 9 pressurizations of thermal fluid compression pump, completes a heat transfer fluid loop circulation, from vaporizer 4 organic working medium steam one tunnel out enters turbine 10 expansion actings, turbine 10 output shaft works drive excitation generators 11 rotations to generate electricity, when vapor pressure is not enough, from another road, directly enter condenser 12 condensations, from turbine 10 exhaust steam out, equally also enter condenser 12 and be condensed into liquid, then from condenser 12, out enter liquid container 13, then being pressurizeed by organic working medium compression pump 14 from liquid container 13 liquid out, enter preheater 5 heat absorption preheatings, then reenter vaporizer 4 heat absorption evaporations, complete an organic working medium circuit cycle, the working medium being delivered to 12 pairs of organic working medium loops of condenser through cooling waterpump 16 from cooling tower 15 cooling water is out carried out condensation, returns to afterwards the water distributor of cooling tower 15, through supercooling is laggard enter tower at the bottom of water-collecting tray, complete a chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) circulation.
The layout that native system adopts solar thermal collector and biomass combustion furnace to be arranged in parallel has heat-storing device simultaneously, has following beneficial effect:
(1) can regulate more easily the load of solar thermal collector and biomass combustion furnace;
(2) can stably export electric energy;
(3) can when solar radiation is faint, discharge heat energy at solar irradiance peak heat energy storage, when having improved the lasting energy supply ability of system, save to greatest extent fuel;
(4) compare and improved generating efficiency with ordinary water steam Rankine power generation cycle;
(5) greatly reduced power generation process harmful matter CO
x, SO
xgeneration and discharge;
(6) can by the very abundant low density solar energy of resource and multiple low grade fuel-efficient be converted into electric energy;
(7) be convenient to realize personalized power generation system, be applicable to some should not centrally connected power supply or the not enough area of power supply electric power is provided, as mountain area, pastoral area, fragmentary island, the farmers' of living scattered, remote geological park, to the high military base of power supply safety requirement etc.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is system architecture schematic diagram of the present invention.
In figure, each label is: 1-solar thermal collector, 2-hot fluid tank, 3-thermal fluid compression pump, 4-vaporizer, 5-preheater, 6-thermal fluid compression pump, 7-biomass combustion furnace, 8-cold fluid tank, 9-thermal fluid compression pump, 10-turbine (or decompressor), 11-excitation generator, 12-condenser, 13-liquid container, 14-organic working medium compression pump, 15-cooling tower, 16-cooling waterpump.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.
Embodiment 1: a solar energy and living beings alliance organic rankine cycle system are built in somewhere, and output power of motor is 20kW.
This solar energy and living beings alliance organic rankine cycle system, comprise heat transfer fluid loop, organic working medium loop, chilled(cooling) water return (CWR), described heat transfer fluid loop consists of solar thermal collector 1, hot fluid tank 2, thermal fluid compression pump 3, vaporizer 4, preheater 5, thermal fluid compression pump 6, biomass combustion furnace 7, cold fluid tank 8, thermal fluid compression pump 9, solar thermal collector 1 outlet exports with cold fluid tank 8 respectively through pipeline, 9 imports of thermal fluid compression pump, 2 imports of hot fluid tank, vaporizer 4 hot fluid side-entrances connect, 2 outlets of hot fluid tank are connected with 3 imports of thermal fluid compression pump through pipeline, 3 outlets of thermal fluid compression pump are connected with vaporizer 4 hot fluid side-entrances through pipeline, vaporizer 4 hot fluid side outlets are connected with preheater 5 hot fluid side-entrances through pipeline, preheater 5 hot fluid side outlets are connected with thermal fluid compression pump 6 and 8 imports of cold fluid tank respectively through pipeline, 6 outlets of thermal fluid compression pump are connected with biomass combustion furnace 7 thermal fluid imports through pipeline, biomass combustion furnace 7 thermal fluid outlets are connected with vaporizer 4 hot fluid side-entrances through pipeline, 8 outlets of cold fluid tank are connected with 9 imports of thermal fluid compression pump through pipeline, and 9 outlets of thermal fluid compression pump are connected with solar thermal collector 1 import through pipeline, organic working medium loop is by vaporizer 4, preheater 5, turbine 10, excitation generator 11, condenser 12, liquid container 13, organic working medium compression pump 14 and the pipeline that they are connected form, vaporizer 4 cold fluid side outlets are connected with turbine 10 imports and condenser 12 hot fluid side-entrances through pipeline, turbine 10 outlets are connected with condenser 12 hot fluid side-entrances through pipeline, condenser 12 hot fluid side outlets are connected with liquid container 13 imports through pipeline, liquid container 13 outlets are connected with 14 imports of organic working medium compression pump through pipeline, 14 outlets of organic working medium compression pump are connected with preheater 5 cold fluid side-entrances through pipeline, preheater 5 cold fluid side outlets are connected with vaporizer 4 cold fluid side-entrances through pipeline, turbine 10 output shafts are connected with excitation generator 11, chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) consists of condenser 12, cooling tower 15, cooling waterpump 16, cooling waterpump 16 is connected between cooling tower 15 outlets and condenser 12 cold fluid side-entrances by pipeline, and condenser 12 cold fluid side outlets are connected with cooling tower upper end water distributor through pipeline.
Biomass combustion furnace 7 fuel adopt combustible gas that stalk gasification stove produces, and thermal fluid adopts the synthetic conduction oil Therminol VP-1 of the first promise of excellent stability; Hot fluid tank 2 and cold fluid tank 8 are the cylindrical steel container made of diameter 2m, high 4m, outer parcel thermoinsulation material.Thermal fluid compression pump high temperature oil pump, vaporizer 4 adopts plate type heat exchanger with preheater 5, solar thermal collector 1 adopts bushing type vacuum-tube heat-pipe solar thermal collector, the diameter of the heat collecting pipe of bushing type vacuum-tube heat-pipe solar thermal collector is 6.5cm, length is 1.7m, every group 10, with the sleeve pipe that diameter is 50cm, couple together, totally 5 groups, order by solar thermal collector 1 outlet-hot fluid tank 2--thermal fluid compression pump 3-vaporizer 4-preheater 5-thermal fluid compression pump 6-biomass combustion furnace 7-cold fluid tank 8-thermal fluid compression pump 9-solar thermal collector 1 import connects oil circuit with hot galvanized steel pipe.
Organic working medium loop working medium is R123, and turbine (decompressor) adopts IT10 screw type decompressor, and net power output is 10Kw; Organic working medium loop expander inlet power pressure is 0.97MPa, 110 ℃ of temperature; Condenser 12 adopts plate type heat exchanger, and organic working medium compression pump adopts high-pressure masked pump.Organic working medium loop is sequentially: liquid container 13 outlet-organic working medium compression pump 14-preheater 5-vaporizer 4-turbine 10-excitation generator 11-condenser 12-liquid container 13 imports.With copper tube, loop is installed respectively.
It is 20m that cooling tower 15 is selected cooling water circulation flow
3the low form cooling tower LBCM-20 of/h, cooling waterpump 16 is selected 12KQL50/100-1.1/2 model, cooling water pipeline adopts seamless steel pipe, and the order of connection is: cooling tower 15 outlets--cooling waterpump 16-condenser 12-cooling tower 15 import orders install chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) and required accessory.
Above all devices and equipment part are pressed Fig. 1 and are connected, and after installation, carry out the nitrogen blowing of pipeline, to organic working medium vacuum-pumping loop, and in respective line, are filled with R123, conduction oil and tap water on request respectively.
Embodiment 2: this solar energy is identical with embodiment 1 with living beings alliance organic rankine cycle system, and the working medium in organic working medium loop adopts R245fa.
Embodiment 3: this solar energy is identical with embodiment 1 with living beings alliance organic rankine cycle system, and the working medium in organic working medium loop adopts R123, R245, butane, mix respectively by 30%, 25%, 45% volume ratio.
By reference to the accompanying drawings specific embodiments of the invention are explained in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, in the ken possessing those of ordinary skills, can also under the prerequisite that does not depart from aim of the present invention, makes various variations.
Claims (5)
1. solar energy and a living beings alliance organic rankine cycle system, is characterized in that: comprise heat transfer fluid loop, organic working medium loop, chilled(cooling) water return (CWR), described heat transfer fluid loop consists of solar thermal collector (1), hot fluid tank (2), thermal fluid compression pump (3), vaporizer (4), preheater (5), thermal fluid compression pump (6), biomass combustion furnace (7), cold fluid tank (8), thermal fluid compression pump (9), solar thermal collector (1) outlet exports with cold fluid tank (8) respectively through pipeline, thermal fluid compression pump (9) import, hot fluid tank (2) import, vaporizer (4) hot fluid side-entrance connects, hot fluid tank (2) outlet is connected with thermal fluid compression pump (3) import through pipeline, thermal fluid compression pump (3) outlet is connected with vaporizer (4) hot fluid side-entrance through pipeline, vaporizer (4) hot fluid side outlet is connected with preheater (5) hot fluid side-entrance through pipeline, preheater (5) hot fluid side outlet is connected with thermal fluid compression pump (6) and cold fluid tank (8) import respectively through pipeline, thermal fluid compression pump (6) outlet is connected with biomass combustion furnace (7) thermal fluid import through pipeline, the outlet of biomass combustion furnace (7) thermal fluid is connected with vaporizer (4) hot fluid side-entrance through pipeline, cold fluid tank (8) outlet is connected with thermal fluid compression pump (9) import through pipeline, and thermal fluid compression pump (9) outlet is connected with solar thermal collector (1) import through pipeline, organic working medium loop is by vaporizer (4), preheater (5), turbine (10), excitation generator (11), condenser (12), liquid container (13), organic working medium compression pump (14) and the pipeline that they are connected form, vaporizer (4) cold fluid side outlet is connected with turbine (10) import and condenser (12) hot fluid side-entrance through pipeline, turbine (10) outlet is connected with condenser (12) hot fluid side-entrance through pipeline, condenser (12) hot fluid side outlet is connected with liquid container (13) import through pipeline, liquid container (13) outlet is connected with organic working medium compression pump (14) import through pipeline, organic working medium compression pump (14) outlet is connected with preheater (5) cold fluid side-entrance through pipeline, preheater (5) cold fluid side outlet is connected with vaporizer (4) cold fluid side-entrance through pipeline, turbine (10) output shaft is connected with excitation generator (11), chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) consists of condenser (12), cooling tower (15), cooling waterpump (16), cooling waterpump (16) is connected between cooling tower (15) outlet and condenser (12) cold fluid side-entrance by pipeline, and condenser (12) cold fluid side outlet is connected with cooling tower upper end water distributor through pipeline.
2. solar energy according to claim 1 and living beings alliance organic rankine cycle system, is characterized in that: the fuel that described biomass combustion furnace (7) is used is fuel diesel, heavy oil, methyl alcohol, ethanol, methane, rock gas, coal gas, dimethyl ether, biomass fuel or the fuel made by living beings.
3. solar energy according to claim 1 and living beings alliance organic rankine cycle system, is characterized in that: in described organic working medium loop, organic working medium is any one or several any mixture in R123, R245fa, toluene, butane, isobutane, pentane, isopentane, cyclopentane, heptane, R113, R11, cyclohexane, benzene, ortho-xylene, ethylo benzene, 6 methyl 2 siloxane, 8 methyl 3 siloxane, 10 methyl 4 siloxane, 12 methyl 5 siloxane, R134a, R227ea.
4. solar energy according to claim 1 and living beings alliance organic rankine cycle system, is characterized in that: described heat transfer fluid loop heat-transfer working medium is conduction oil.
5. solar energy according to claim 1 and living beings alliance organic rankine cycle system, is characterized in that: described hot fluid tank (2) adopts cylindrical metal tank, and outside installs thermal insulating material additional.
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