CN103669151A - Piezoelectric asphalt concrete and power generation pavement structure thereof - Google Patents
Piezoelectric asphalt concrete and power generation pavement structure thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a piezoelectric asphalt concrete, which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 83 to 90 parts of aggregate, 4 to 6 parts of mineral powder, 2 to 4 parts of piezoelectric material, 1 to 2 parts of conductive material, and 3 to 5 parts of asphalt, wherein the total raw material part number is 100. The invention also provides two power generation pavement structures based on the piezoelectric asphalt concrete. The two power generation pavement structures utilize cooperation between the piezoelectric asphalt concrete and rod-shaped electrode or metal net electrode to achieve the electric energy collection. The piezoelectric asphalt concrete has a good economic property, and is suitable for being widely promoted and applied.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to bituminous concrete field, be specifically related to a kind of piezoelectricity bituminous concrete and generating road structure thereof.
Background technology
Along with rapid economic development, China's road project gradual perfection, to 2012 the end of the year highway in China total kilometrage reached 4,230,000 kilometers.From open to traffic to life-span, sum up, hundreds of thousands time even millions of inferior vehicular loads will be born in road surface, road surface will produce the vibration of certain strain, displacement, certain frequency under the effect of stress, road surface just obtains considerable kinetic energy and strain energy from the acting of vehicular load, self gravitation, if the kinetic energy of this generation and strain energy are converted into electric energy, huge economic and social profit will be brought.
Domestic existing part generating road surface, its achievement in research is mainly divided into following three classes: 2008, Israel company has developed a set of road surface energy collecting system based on PZT (piezoelectric transducer), it is mainly in common asphalt concrete pavement, to have buried a large amount of piezo-electric crystals underground, and these piezo-electric crystals are linked with certain form, when automobile passes through, the mechanical energy that traffic load brings will be converted into electric energy, and these electricity collection are utilized.2009, Le Van discloses electricity-generating method and the device that a kind of weight of utilizing the vehicles produces useful work, he is by bury the deformable body of some filleds with fluid underground in road forces, automobile by time can cause that the potential energy that the change in location of liquid is brought transforms electric energy, is collected utilization.In recent years, more domestic researchers arrange electromagnetic coil on road side, in road, excavation is also buried generating torch in advance underground, when automobile passes through, by vibrating or rubbing, make to generate electricity the magnetic induction line of torch motion cutting electromagnetic coil, thereby part traffic load is converted into electric energy, collects utilization.Piezo-electric crystal, liquid deformable body are buried underground in road surface, be difficult to guarantee that piezo-electric crystal is not destroyed when pavement construction, and be not easy to be repeated to utilize.The generating of above-mentioned road surface is that generating element is generating electricity, rather than flexible pavement is originally in generating.The above-mentioned generating road surface that utilizes cutting magnetic induction line, when generating torch is laid, can road pavement cause destruction to a certain degree, very easily causes road surface Moisture Damage etc.Therefore, the technical problem be badly in need of solving at road surface power field is to provide a kind of Pavement Performance, power generation performance bituminous concrete that generates electricity preferably that do not affect, and develops one and belongs to Chinese resource-conserving road.
Chinese invention patent " a kind of piezoelectric ceramics-pitch composite piezoelectric material " (publication No.: disclose a kind of composite piezoelectric material CN103011695A), this composite material has been broken through the class limitations of existing organism material, and realizing and utilizing piezoelectric ceramics pitch composite material is electric energy by the discarded Conversion of Energy in road surface.This composite material medium pitch only accounts for its very little ratio, and pitch is used as the binding material of piezoelectric, in highway construction application to running into following difficulty:
(A) temperature of existing road engineering asphalt pavement construction is at 150～180 ℃, and piezoelectric ceramics-pitch composite piezoelectric material is at this temperature, and because the softening of pitch is out of shape, the performances such as its piezo-electric effect all uncertain variation can occur.
(B) piezoelectric ceramics-pitch composite piezoelectric material is used for making piezoelectric ceramic piece, piezoelectric ceramic piece is in highway construction in application process, be subject to traffic load to make the impact of the deflection basin of pavement deformation formation, the deformation of piezoelectric patches under Driving Loading is very little, piezo-electric effect is difficult to performance, and the collection efficiency of its road pavement energy is low.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the invention is to, a kind of piezoelectricity bituminous concrete is provided, the mechanism producing from piezo-electric effect, research and development have the bituminous concrete of piezo-electric effect, and exploitation is based on the concrete generating road structure of piezoelectricity, uses it for road energy collecting system, for the development of Environmental Protection in China energy-saving road lays the foundation.
Another object of the present invention is to solve generating bituminous concrete electricity collection problem, two kinds of generating road structures are provided, for the different electricity generator reason of generating bituminous concrete, piezoelectrics must adopt different electricity collection modes, by piezoelectricity asphalt concrete structure optimal design, meet generating road surface internal energy and collect problem.
In order to realize above-mentioned task, the present invention adopts following technical scheme to be achieved:
A piezoelectricity bituminous concrete, in parts by weight, is comprised of following raw material: gather materials 83～90 parts, and 4～6 parts of breezes, 2～4 parts of piezoelectrics, 1～2 part of conductive material, 3～5 parts of pitches, raw material umber summation is 100 parts;
Described gathering materials adopts granite, basalt, diabase or limestone;
Described breeze adopts granite powder, basalt powder, diabase flour or limestone powder;
Described piezoelectric adopts tourmaline;
Described conductive material adopts graphite;
Described pitch adopts SBS modified bitumen, bi tumenf orr oad, PE modified bitumen, SBR modified bitumen or rubber powder modified asphalt.
A kind of generating road structure based on piezoelectricity bituminous concrete, comprise basic asphalt layer of concrete and the surperficial asphalt concrete layer above basic asphalt layer of concrete, between basic asphalt layer of concrete and surperficial asphalt concrete layer, be provided with piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer, on two wheelmark zonations in piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer, each self-embedding has current acquisition end;
Described current acquisition end comprises two parallel wires, between two parallel wires, is distributed with a plurality of stick electrode, and each stick electrode is only connected with a wire in two parallel wires, and adjacent stick electrode is alternately connected on two parallel wires;
Two parallel wires of current acquisition end are connected with rectification circuit, and rectification circuit is connected with battery by direct-current transducer;
Described piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer, in parts by weight, is comprised of following raw material: gather materials 83～90 parts, and 4～6 parts of breezes, 2～4 parts of piezoelectrics, 1～2 part of conductive material, 3～5 parts of pitches, raw material umber summation is 100 parts;
Described gathering materials adopts granite, basalt, diabase or limestone;
Described breeze adopts granite powder, basalt powder, diabase flour or limestone powder;
Described piezoelectric adopts tourmaline;
Described conductive material adopts graphite;
Described pitch adopts SBS modified bitumen, bi tumenf orr oad, PE modified bitumen, SBR modified bitumen or rubber powder modified asphalt.
Distance between described adjacent stick electrode is 10cm.
A kind of generating road structure based on piezoelectricity bituminous concrete, comprise basic asphalt layer of concrete and the surperficial asphalt concrete layer above basic asphalt layer of concrete, between basic asphalt layer of concrete and surperficial asphalt concrete layer, be provided with piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer, on two wheelmark zonations of the upper surface of piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer and on two wheelmark zonations of the soffit of piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer, be equipped with separately wire lath electrode, wire lath electrode is connected with rectification circuit by wire, and rectification circuit is connected with battery by direct-current transducer;
Described piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer, in parts by weight, is comprised of following raw material: gather materials 83～90 parts, and 4～6 parts of breezes, 2～4 parts of piezoelectrics, 1～2 part of conductive material, 3～5 parts of pitches, raw material umber summation is 100 parts;
Described gathering materials adopts granite, basalt, diabase or limestone;
Described breeze adopts granite powder, basalt powder, diabase flour or limestone powder;
Described piezoelectric adopts tourmaline;
Described conductive material adopts graphite;
Described pitch adopts SBS modified bitumen, bi tumenf orr oad, PE modified bitumen, SBR modified bitumen or rubber powder modified asphalt.
The sizing grid of described wire lath electrode is the rectangular mesh of (3～5) mm * (3～5) mm.
Thickness proportion between described basic asphalt layer of concrete, piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer and surperficial asphalt concrete layer is 6:2.5:4.
Compared with prior art, useful technique effect is in the present invention:
(I) economy is good.Existing piezoelectric mostly is composite material, expensive and processing technology is complicated.Tourmaline in the present invention, gather materials, the material such as graphite is large in China's storage capacity, its cheap market price, apply in being adapted on a large scale on this generating road surface.
(II) generated energy is large.The present invention design, can be along road axes longitudinal extension under road travel road wheelmark zonation, compares with the existing generation technology part filled type of digging pit, and the traffic load of collection is more, and the electric energy of collecting is more.
(III) is rational in infrastructure.Generating road surface adopts upper, middle and lower-ranking form of structure, and comparatively similar to China existing flexible pavement, the pavement performance of having inherited existing flexible pavement is good, the features such as safety and comfort.
(IV) easy construction.The present invention carries out construction in layer according to structure, can guarantee fully construction quality and progress.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, particular content of the present invention is described in more detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the generating road structure of the first based on piezoelectricity bituminous concrete.
Fig. 2 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the generating road structure of the second based on piezoelectricity bituminous concrete.
In figure, the implication of each label is: 1-basic asphalt layer of concrete, 2-surface asphalt concrete layer, 3-piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer, 4-current acquisition end, 5-wire, 6-stick electrode, 7-rectification circuit, 8-direct-current transducer, 9-battery, 10-wire lath electrode.
The specific embodiment
When asphalt concrete pavement is under Driving Loading, can produce certain flexure, bituminous concrete is inner to be produced different distortion and causes the variation of internal stress, on the surface of bituminous concrete, produce the contrary electric charge of symbol, by the electricity collection measure of conventional piezoelectric ring energy device just by these electricity collection.Yet bituminous concrete self does not possess piezo-electric effect, and bituminous concrete is isolator, and this is unfavorable for the displacement of its internal charge.
Defer to technique scheme, following embodiment provides a kind of piezoelectricity bituminous concrete, in parts by weight, by following raw material, formed: gather materials 83～90 parts, 4～6 parts of breezes, 2～4 parts of piezoelectrics, 1～2 part of conductive material, 3～5 parts of pitches, raw material umber summation is 100 parts;
Described gathering materials adopts granite, basalt, diabase or limestone;
Described breeze adopts granite powder, basalt powder, diabase flour or limestone powder;
Described piezoelectric adopts tourmaline;
Described conductive material adopts graphite;
Described pitch adopts SBS modified bitumen, bi tumenf orr oad, PE modified bitumen, SBR modified bitumen or rubber powder modified asphalt.
Material specification:
The particle diameter gathering materials is within the scope of 0.075～19mm;
The fineness of tourmaline is within the scope of 200～325 orders;
Breeze is the powder that particle diameter is less than 0.075.
Below provide specific embodiments of the invention, it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to following specific embodiment, all equivalents of doing on present techniques scheme basis all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
The present embodiment provides a kind of piezoelectricity bituminous concrete, in parts by weight, following raw material, consists of: limestone 83kg, limestone powder 6kg, tourmaline 4kg, graphite 2kg, SBS modified bitumen 5kg.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment provides a kind of piezoelectricity bituminous concrete, in parts by weight, following raw material, consists of: limestone 85kg, limestone powder 5kg, tourmaline 4kg, graphite 2kg, bi tumenf orr oad 4kg.
Embodiment 3:
The present embodiment provides a kind of piezoelectricity bituminous concrete, in parts by weight, following raw material, consists of: granite 89kg, granite powder 4kg, tourmaline 2kg, graphite 1kg, PE modified bitumen 4kg.
Embodiment 4:
The present embodiment provides a kind of piezoelectricity bituminous concrete, in parts by weight, following raw material, consists of: basalt 87kg, basalt powder 6kg, tourmaline 3kg, graphite 1kg, SBR modified bitumen 3kg.
Embodiment 5:
The present embodiment provides a kind of piezoelectricity bituminous concrete, in parts by weight, following raw material, consists of: diabase 90kg, diabase flour 4kg, tourmaline 2kg, graphite 1kg, rubber powder modified asphalt 3kg.
The preparation method of the piezoelectricity bituminous concrete of above-described embodiment: will gather materials, breeze and pitch mixes to evenly, then add piezoelectric and conductive material to be stirred to evenly in lorry mounted mixer.During application, by mixing and stirring complete piezoelectricity bituminous concrete, be transported to job site, utilize paver to pave, roll.
Performance test:
In order to verify the performance of above-described embodiment, piezoelectricity bituminous concrete in above-described embodiment is prepared into AC-13 bituminous concrete, according to the correlated performance test on < < highway engineering pitch and Asphalt Mixture Experiment rules > > (JTG E20-2011) road surface of generating electricity.The invention is not restricted to AC-13, be also applicable to be prepared into GAC, OGFC, SMA type.The AC-13 type concrete grating that test adopts is as table 1, and the fundamental performance parameter of piezoelectric tourmaline is in Table 2.
Table 1AC-13 type bituminous concrete mineral aggregate formate gradation composition
The key property of table 2 piezoelectric tourmaline
| Parameter | Dielectric constant | Dielectric loss (%) | Electromechanical coupling factor (%) | Piezoelectric charge coefficients |
| Performance indications | 1450 | 1.4 | 66 | 150 |
(1) high-temperature stability:
According to < < highway engineering pitch and Asphalt Mixture Experiment rules > > (JTG E20-2011), carry out high-temperature behavior test, result is as shown in table 3:
Table 3 generating asphalt concrete elevated temperature property test structure
| Embodiment | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| DS (inferior/mm) | 6735 | 5742 | 6948 | 5969 | 7389 |
From table 3, can obviously find out, generating bituminous concrete has good high-temperature stability, far meets the requirement of < < Asphalt Pavement Construction Technique standard > > to bituminous concrete high-temperature stability.
(2) low-temperature cracking-resistance:
According to < < highway engineering pitch and Asphalt Mixture Experiment rules > > (JTG E20-2011), carry out crack resistance at low-temperature test, result is as shown in table 4:
Table 4 generating bituminous concrete cryogenic property
| Embodiment | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Bending tensile strength (MPa) | 10.73 | 9.04 | 10.26 | 9.32 | 11.92 |
| Stiffness modulus (MPa) | 4798 | 4598 | 4873 | 4676 | 4903 |
From table 4, can obviously find out, sericite bituminous concrete has good low-temperature cracking-resistance, the requirement meeting durability of asphalt pavement far away.
(3) water stability:
According to < < highway engineering pitch and Asphalt Mixture Experiment rules > > (JTG E20-2011), carry out water stability test, as shown in table 5.
Table 5 generating bituminous concrete water stability
| Embodiment | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| MS(%) | 89.1 | 86.7 | 91.3 | 87.5 | 94.2 |
| TSR(%) | 90.8 | 87.3 | 91.4 | 90.7 | 93.9 |
From table 5, can obviously find out, sericite bituminous concrete has good low-temperature cracking-resistance, far meet water stability MS in < < Asphalt Pavement Construction Technique standard > > be greater than 80% and TSR be greater than the requirement of 75% durability.
(4) piezoelectric property:
According to < < highway engineering pitch and Asphalt Mixture Experiment rules > > (JTG E20-2011) moulding generating bituminous concrete rut plate, in rut plate, add electrode, effect by rut to generating bituminous concrete rut plate, study its piezoelectric property, result is as shown in table 6.
Table 6 generating bituminous concrete piezoelectric property
| Embodiment | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Crest voltage (mV) | 744 | 672 | 756 | 694 | 868 |
| Frequency (Hz) | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 |
Generating bituminous concrete effect by Measuring Device to pre-buried electrode, the piezoelectric voltage of generating bituminous concrete test specimen is pulse type, and peak value is between 600mV～900mV, and frequency is all 21Hz.And after 1260 subordinate load effects, internal electrode and external circuits are all intact.
For the distinctive piezoelectric properties of checking the present invention, select two kinds of same type of material and different formulas, be analyzed, study the electrical property of its piezoelectricity bituminous concrete.
Comparative example 1:
This comparative example provides a kind of piezoelectricity bituminous concrete, in parts by weight, following raw material, consists of: limestone 84kg, limestone powder 7.2kg, tourmaline 4kg, SBS modified bitumen 4.8kg.
Comparative example 2:
This comparative example provides a kind of piezoelectricity bituminous concrete, in parts by weight, following raw material, consists of: limestone 84kg, limestone powder 7.2kg, quartz 4kg, SBS modified bitumen 4.8kg.
Comparative example 3:
This comparative example provides a kind of piezoelectricity bituminous concrete, in parts by weight, following raw material, consists of: limestone 83kg, limestone powder 5.7kg, quartz 4kg, graphite 2kg, SBS modified bitumen 5.3kg.
Comparative example 4:
This comparative example provides a kind of piezoelectricity bituminous concrete, in parts by weight, following raw material, consists of: limestone 84kg, limestone powder 7.2kg, BaTiO
34kg, SBS modified bitumen 4.8kg.
Comparative example 5:
This comparative example provides a kind of piezoelectricity bituminous concrete, in parts by weight, following raw material, consists of: limestone 83kg, limestone powder 5.7kg, BaTiO
34kg, graphite 2kg, SBS modified bitumen 5.3kg.
The preparation method of the piezoelectricity bituminous concrete of above-mentioned contrast comparative example: will gather materials, breeze and pitch mixes to evenly, then add piezoelectric and conductive material to be stirred to evenly in lorry mounted mixer.During piezoelectricity bituminous concrete making, by mixing and stirring complete piezoelectricity bituminous concrete, be transported to job site, utilize common paver, road roller to pave, roll.
Electric performance test:
The AC-13 type concrete grating that test adopts is studied, and the fundamental performance parameter of reduced pressure electric material is in Table 7.
Table 7 reduced pressure electric material key property
| Parameter | Dielectric constant | Dielectric loss (%) | Electromechanical coupling factor (%) | Piezoelectric charge coefficients |
| Quartzy | 4.6 | 14 | 43 | 2.37 |
| BaTiO 3 | 1700 | 2.6 | 58 | 193 |
According to < < highway engineering pitch and Asphalt Mixture Experiment rules > > (JTG E20-2011) moulding generating bituminous concrete rut plate, in rut plate, add electrode, effect by rut to generating bituminous concrete rut plate, study its piezoelectric property, result is as shown in table 8.
Table 8 contrast generating bituminous concrete piezoelectric property
| Comparative example | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Crest voltage (mV) | 0 | 0 | 43 | 0 | 79 |
| Frequency (Hz) | 0 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 20 |
Adopt Measuring Device to roll effect to the contrast generating bituminous concrete of pre-buried electrode, comparative example 1,2,4 is not measured the output of electric energy, shows that graphite is one of necessary material of piezoelectricity bituminous concrete.The piezoelectric voltage of comparative example 3,5 bituminous concrete test specimens is pulse type, peak value is between 40mV～80mV, frequency, in 20Hz left and right, is compared with embodiments of the invention electrical property, and its piezoelectric property can not show a candle to the piezoelectric property of the piezoelectricity bituminous concrete in embodiments of the invention.
The generating road surface that adopts piezoelectricity bituminous concrete of the present invention to make, can be used for collecting the energy that traffic load brings to road surface, its durability and pavement performance are all good, the generating asphalt concrete pavement that is different from piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectricity original paper completely, can extensive use in engineering entity.
Below provide the generating road structure that adopts the piezoelectricity bituminous concrete in above-described embodiment to prepare:
It should be noted that: in following two kinds of road structures, the thickness proportion between basic asphalt layer of concrete 1, piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer 3 and surperficial asphalt concrete layer 2 is 6:2.5:4.Preferred one group of gauge is 6cm, 2.5cm, and 4cm, can be also 9cm, 3.75cm, 6cm.
It should be noted that: rectification circuit 7 is conventional rectification circuit, direct-current transducer 8 is also the conventional direct-current transducer in this area.
It should be noted that: wheelmark zonation refer to wheel on road surface by time the position that can roll of wheel, in the art, wheelmark on a road surface distributes with two, and the distance between two wheelmark zonations is 150～200cm, and the width of every wheelmark zonation is 30cm.
It should be noted that: it is 2cm that a plurality of electrodes 6 in following content refer to diameter in this programme, the graphite electrode that length is 15cm.
It should be noted that: the basic asphalt layer of concrete 1 in following content and the raw material of surperficial asphalt concrete layer 2 form the raw material composition that is this area routine, be the conventional supercrust that basic asphalt layer of concrete 1 and surperficial asphalt concrete layer 2 are this area, for example:
Described basic asphalt layer of concrete 1, in parts by weight, is comprised of following raw material: gather materials 89～94 parts, and 3～6 parts of breezes, 3～5 parts of pitches, raw material umber summation is 100 parts.
Described surperficial asphalt concrete layer 2, in parts by weight, is comprised of following raw material: gather materials 87～92 parts, and 5～8 parts of breezes, 3～5 parts of pitches, raw material umber summation is 100 parts.
The generating road structure of the first based on piezoelectricity bituminous concrete:
A generating road structure based on piezoelectricity bituminous concrete, comprises basic asphalt layer of concrete 1 and basic asphalt layer of concrete 1 surperficial asphalt concrete layer 2 above;
Preferred basic asphalt layer of concrete 1, in parts by weight, is comprised of following raw material: gather materials 91 parts, 4.7 parts of breezes, 4.3 parts of pitches;
Preferred surperficial asphalt concrete layer 2, in parts by weight, is comprised of following raw material: gather materials 89 parts, 6.1 parts of breezes, 4.9 parts of pitches;
Between basic asphalt layer of concrete 1 and surperficial asphalt concrete layer 2, be provided with piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer 3, on two wheelmark zonations in piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer 3, each self-embedding has current acquisition end 4;
Described current acquisition end 4 comprises two parallel wires 5, article two, between parallel wire 5, be distributed with a plurality of stick electrode 6,6 of each stick electrode are connected with a wire 5 in two parallel wires 5, and adjacent stick electrode 6 is alternately connected on two parallel wires 5;
Two parallel wires 5 of current acquisition end 4 are connected with rectification circuit 7, and rectification circuit 7 is connected with battery 9 by direct-current transducer 8;
Described piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer 3 is made with the piezoelectricity bituminous concrete in above-described embodiment 1～embodiment 5.
Distance between described adjacent stick electrode 6 is 10cm.The spacing of stick electrode 6 is one of key factors that affect electricity collection, thereby the too little meeting of stick electrode 6 spacing causes piezoelectricity bituminous concrete by the undue pillared matrix of cutting apart, the durability on road surface to be declined, spacing too greatly electricity collection efficiency can decline, and is unfavorable for the collection of electric energy.
Application process and the operating principle of the generating road structure of the first based on piezoelectricity bituminous concrete are as described below:
(I) carries out the making of the basic asphalt layer of concrete 1 on road surface, and basic asphalt layer of concrete 1 will be guaranteed smooth.
(II) lays stick electrode 6, the rectification circuit 7 that stick electrode 6 is connected respectively to by two wires 5 separately by compartment, for preventing that electrode 6 from moving when constructing, with seccotine, paste on the surface of basic asphalt layer of concrete 1, then build piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer 3, during laying, paver vehicle can not directly roll stick electrode 6 and wire 5.
(III) surperficial asphalt concrete layer 2 makings, surperficial asphalt concrete layer 2 roller-compactions.
(IV) adopts direct current (1000V) to the processing that polarizes of generating road surface, until that pavement temperature is reduced to is consistent with ambient temperature.
After the open to traffic of road surface, traffic load rolls wheelmark zonation surface asphalt concrete layer 2, traffic load is delivered to piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer 3 through surperficial asphalt concrete layer 2, and the piezoelectric of piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer 3 is the lower polarization generation electric charge that occurs under the effect of stress, adopts d
31the method of type piezoelectrics electricity collection is collected the electric charge in piezoelectricity bituminous concrete, d
31be piezoelectric strain constant, what first subscript represented is produced dielectric displacement direction, and second subscript represents the direction of suffered stress.Therefore when traffic load acts on piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer 3 perpendicular to road surface, the dielectric displacement direction of piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer 3 is perpendicular to being subject to force direction, electric charge moves to electrode bar along road surface in-plane, thereby is collected.
The generating road structure of the second based on piezoelectricity bituminous concrete:
A generating road structure based on piezoelectricity bituminous concrete, comprises basic asphalt layer of concrete 1 and basic asphalt layer of concrete 1 surperficial asphalt concrete layer 2 above;
Preferred basic asphalt layer of concrete 1, in parts by weight, is comprised of following raw material: gather materials 91 parts, 4.7 parts of breezes, 4.3 parts of pitches;
Preferred surperficial asphalt concrete layer 2, in parts by weight, is comprised of following raw material: gather materials 89 parts, 6.1 parts of breezes, 4.9 parts of pitches;
Between basic asphalt layer of concrete 1 and surperficial asphalt concrete layer 2, be provided with piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer 3, on two wheelmark zonations of the upper surface of piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer 3 and on two wheelmark zonations of the soffit of piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer 3, be equipped with separately wire lath electrode 10, wire lath electrode 10 is connected with rectification circuit 7 by wire 5, and rectification circuit 7 is connected with battery 9 by direct-current transducer 8;
Described piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer 3 is made with the piezoelectricity bituminous concrete in above-described embodiment 1～embodiment 5.
The sizing grid of described wire lath electrode 10 is the rectangular mesh of (3～5) mm * (3～5) mm.Metal grill is too tiny, makes the piezoelectricity layer of concrete of road structure be difficult to good contact with basic asphalt layer of concrete, surperficial asphalt concrete layer, and under the effect of highway loading shearing force, generating road surface very easily the disease such as passes, peels off along time interlayer; Metal grill is unfavorable for too greatly the collection of electric energy, and metal grill is thinner, easily destroyed in construction rolling process.
Application process and the operating principle of the generating road structure of the second based on piezoelectricity bituminous concrete are as described below:
(I) carries out the making of the basic asphalt layer of concrete 1 on road surface, and basic asphalt layer of concrete 1 will be guaranteed smooth.
(II) lays wire lath 10, the rectification circuit 7 that wire lath end is connected to by wire 5, for preventing that wire lath 10 from moving when constructing, with seccotine, paste on the surface of basic asphalt layer of concrete 1, then build piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer 3, during laying, paver vehicle can not directly roll and belong to net 10 and wire 5.After roller-compaction, lay second layer metal net 10, the rectification circuit 7 that wire lath end is connected to by wire 5, pastes wire lath 10 on the surface of piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer 3 with seccotine.
(III) surperficial asphalt concrete layer 2 makings, surperficial asphalt concrete layer 2 roller-compactions.
(IV) adopts direct current (1000V) to the processing that polarizes of generating road surface, until that pavement temperature is reduced to is consistent with ambient temperature.
After the open to traffic of road surface, traffic load rolls wheelmark zonation surface asphalt concrete layer 2, traffic load is delivered to piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer 3 through surperficial asphalt concrete layer 2, and the piezoelectric of piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer 3 is the lower polarization generation electric charge that occurs under the effect of stress, adopts d
33the method of type piezoelectrics electricity collection is collected the electric charge in piezoelectricity bituminous concrete, d
33be piezoelectric strain constant, what first subscript represented is produced dielectric displacement direction, and second subscript represents the direction of suffered stress.Therefore when traffic load acts on piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer perpendicular to road surface, the dielectric displacement direction of piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer is parallel to and is subject to force direction, electric charge moves to wire lath electrode 10 along road surface plane vertical direction, thereby is collected.
For above-mentioned two kinds of piezoelectricity bituminous concretes generating road structure, inventor adopts vehicle tracking test instrument, oscillograph, power generation performance to the rut plate test specimen of piezoelectricity bituminous concrete institute moulding is tested, oscillograph test voltage wave shows: the effect at Measuring Device load issues the characteristic that circuit face presents moment, periodically generates electricity, No. one time wheel can be lighted 3～4 LED lamps through generating road surface institute generated output, and this road surface that shows to generate electricity can directly application in road caution sign.
Claims (6)
1. a piezoelectricity bituminous concrete, is characterized in that, in parts by weight, following raw material, consists of: gather materials 83～90 parts, and 4～6 parts of breezes, 2～4 parts of piezoelectrics, 1～2 part of conductive material, 3～5 parts of pitches, raw material umber summation is 100 parts;
Described gathering materials adopts granite, basalt, diabase or limestone;
Described breeze adopts granite powder, basalt powder, diabase flour or limestone powder;
Described piezoelectric adopts tourmaline;
Described conductive material adopts graphite;
Described pitch adopts SBS modified bitumen, bi tumenf orr oad, PE modified bitumen, SBR modified bitumen or rubber powder modified asphalt.
2. the generating road structure based on piezoelectricity bituminous concrete, comprise basic asphalt layer of concrete (1) and basic asphalt layer of concrete (1) surperficial asphalt concrete layer (2) above, it is characterized in that, between basic asphalt layer of concrete (1) and surperficial asphalt concrete layer (2), be provided with piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer (3), on two wheelmark zonations in piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer (3), each self-embedding has current acquisition end (4);
Described current acquisition end (4) comprises two parallel wires (5), article two, between parallel wire (5), be distributed with a plurality of stick electrode (6), each stick electrode (6) is only connected with the wire (5) in two parallel wires (5), and adjacent stick electrode (6) is alternately connected on two parallel wires (5);
Two parallel wires (5) of current acquisition end (4) are connected with rectification circuit (7), and rectification circuit (7) is connected with battery (9) by direct-current transducer (8);
Described piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer (3), in parts by weight, is comprised of following raw material: gather materials 83～90 parts, and 4～6 parts of breezes, 2～4 parts of piezoelectrics, 1～2 part of conductive material, 3～5 parts of pitches, raw material umber summation is 100 parts;
Described gathering materials adopts granite, basalt, diabase or limestone;
Described breeze adopts granite powder, basalt powder, diabase flour or limestone powder;
Described piezoelectric adopts tourmaline;
Described conductive material adopts graphite;
Described pitch adopts SBS modified bitumen, bi tumenf orr oad, PE modified bitumen, SBR modified bitumen or rubber powder modified asphalt.
3. the generating road structure based on piezoelectricity bituminous concrete as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, the distance between described adjacent stick electrode (6) is 10cm.
4. the generating road structure based on piezoelectricity bituminous concrete, comprise basic asphalt layer of concrete (1) and basic asphalt layer of concrete (1) surperficial asphalt concrete layer (2) above, it is characterized in that, between basic asphalt layer of concrete (1) and surperficial asphalt concrete layer (2), be provided with piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer (3), on two wheelmark zonations of the upper surface of piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer (3) and on two wheelmark zonations of the soffit of piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer (3), be equipped with separately wire lath electrode (10), wire lath electrode (10) is connected with rectification circuit (7) by wire (5), rectification circuit (7) is connected with battery (9) by direct-current transducer (8),
Described piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer (3), in parts by weight, is comprised of following raw material: gather materials 83～90 parts, and 4～6 parts of breezes, 2～4 parts of piezoelectrics, 1～2 part of conductive material, 3～5 parts of pitches, raw material umber summation is 100 parts;
Described gathering materials adopts granite, basalt, diabase or limestone;
Described breeze adopts granite powder, basalt powder, diabase flour or limestone powder;
Described piezoelectric adopts tourmaline;
Described conductive material adopts graphite;
Described pitch adopts SBS modified bitumen, bi tumenf orr oad, PE modified bitumen, SBR modified bitumen or rubber powder modified asphalt.
5. the generating road structure based on piezoelectricity bituminous concrete as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, the sizing grid of described wire lath electrode (10) is the rectangular mesh of (3～5) mm * (3～5) mm.
6. if claim 2 is to the generating road structure based on piezoelectricity bituminous concrete as described in claim 5 any one claim, it is characterized in that, the thickness proportion between described basic asphalt layer of concrete (1), piezoelectricity asphalt concrete layer (3) and surperficial asphalt concrete layer (2) is 6:2.5:4.
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| CN106868971A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-06-20 | 长安大学 | A kind of asphalt concrete pavement layer for collecting piezoelectric energy and preparation method thereof |
| CN107628774A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2018-01-26 | 长安大学 | A kind of piezoelectric type asphaltmastic road surface electricity generation material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN107628774A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2018-01-26 | 长安大学 | A kind of piezoelectric type asphaltmastic road surface electricity generation material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109928674A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2019-06-25 | 常州万博金属构件厂 | A kind of preparation method of piezoelectricity ground surface material |
| CN112878191A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-06-01 | 长安大学 | Bridge deck asphalt pavement structure based on renewable energy conversion and paving process |
| CN112878191B (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2022-10-25 | 长安大学 | Bridge deck asphalt pavement structure based on renewable energy conversion and paving process |
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