CN103668328A - Device and method for eliminating anode effect of aluminum electrolysis cell - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a device and method for eliminating the anode effect of an aluminum electrolysis cell. The device comprises a compressed air conveyer pipe installed at the top of an electrolysis cell and is characterized in that the compressed air conveyer pipe is connected with a regulating pipe with control valves and a pressure gauge, and the regulating pipe is connected with an insertion pipe. The device has the advantages and effects that when the electrolysis cell has the anode effect, the insertion pipe connected with the compressed air conveyer pipe is inserted into an electrolyte solution corresponding to the position under an anode from an aluminium outlet end of the electrolysis cell, so that the anode effect is eliminated more safely and quickly after molten aluminium comes into contact with the anode in the presence of compressed air and short circuit happens, and various gases such as CO2, CO, NO<X>, SO2 and the like are not generated, thus effectively protecting the environment, avoiding carbon residues, not affecting electrolytic production, saving the wood and reducing the production cost of aluminium electrolysis.

Description

A kind of device and method of eliminating aluminum cell anode effect

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of method of eliminating anode effect, particularly a kind of method of utilizing pressurized air to eliminate aluminum cell anode effect, belongs to technical field of aluminum electrolysis.

Technical background

Anode effect is a kind of electric discharge phenomena that produce in sodium aluminum fluoride-alumina molten salt electrolysis aluminium production process, this electric discharge phenomena can produce bright sparklet in anode surrounding, and with obvious sputter, cause the bubble on anode and electrolyte interface to be separated out no longer in a large number, ionogen stops boiling, bath voltage raises, and generally reaches 20～30V.The high calorie that anode effect produces, can make the secondary reaction of aluminium and meltage strengthen, and current efficiency reduces, not only expend a large amount of electric energy, but also can be because of the high calorie producing during anode effect, and the normal production of electrolyzer has been disturbed in the volatilization of aggravation aluminum fluoride to a certain extent.The method that prior art is eliminated anode effect has a lot, as: 1) scrape the method for anode bottom, utilize the instruments such as drag to drive aluminium liquid and anode bottom to be short-circuited, with this, eliminate anode effect, because anode bottom is not on a horizontal plane, and troublesome poeration, weak effect, is eliminated, 2) method of decline anode,, by manually reducing anode height, makes anode contact and be short-circuited with aluminium liquid, and then elimination anode effect, its success ratio is generally 70%, but is easy to the ionogen in aluminium cell to extrude outside groove, and impact is normal, produce, cause security incident simultaneously, 3) the most frequently used method is to utilize wooden stick to eliminate anode effect, under soon wooden stick will be inserted into anode bottom from aluminium flowing-out mouth, make wooden stick in ionogen, burn and produce reducing gas, aluminium liquid is under reducing gas drives, can contact with anode and be short-circuited, thereby elimination anode effect, but in operating process, when wooden stick inserts after anode bottom, wooden stick burning needs for some time while producing gas, this can extend the time that anode effect is eliminated, the anode of wooden stick insertion simultaneously bottom just can be extracted for 30～60 seconds, cause wooden stick to run out of, can not reuse, waste the trees that a large amount of diameters is 2～3cm, increase cost, simultaneously when eliminating anode effect, wooden stick burning can produce CO ₂, CO, NO _x, SO ₂etc. multiple gases, not only can produce the normal production that a certain amount of carbon slag affects electrolyzer, and these gases need to enter flue gas purification system through gas collecting skirt, purify after up to standard and could discharge, increase gas cleaning cost.Therefore, be necessary prior art to be improved, to reduce aluminium cell production cost, improve electrolysis of aluminum economic and technical norms, improve environmental benefit.

Summary of the invention

For overcoming prior art above shortcomings, shorten anode effect and eliminate the time, save wooden stick, reduce gas cleaning cost, improve environmental benefit, the invention provides a kind of method and device of eliminating aluminum cell anode effect.

The present invention completes by following technical proposal: a kind of device of eliminating aluminum cell anode effect, comprise the blowpipe that is arranged on electrolytic bath top, it is characterized in that blowpipe is connected with band control valve and manometric adjustable pipe on it, adjustable pipe is connected with intubate, with the pressurized air that blowpipe is sent here, when adjustable pipe regulates pressure, flow to desirable value, again in the ionogen under intubate is sent into anode electrolytic cell, make aluminium liquid under pressurized air effect, contact with anode and be short-circuited, thereby eliminate anode effect.

Described adjustable pipe two ends are respectively equipped with control valve, and wherein one end is connected with blowpipe by flexible pipe, and the other end is connected with intubate.

Described intubate comprises the connecting leg that connects adjustable pipe, and the high-temperature resistant tube being connected with connecting leg, and the port of high-temperature resistant tube is made as flat port, so that by intubate quick insertion anode bottom, and is conducive to discharge pressurized air.

Described intubate end part interval arranges a plurality of through holes, and preferably 2～4 through holes, so that pressurized air enters in the ionogen and aluminium liquid of anode bottom evenly, fast, reach the object of moment elimination anode effect.

Described connecting leg is PU pipe, and high-temperature resistant tube is that diameter is the stainless steel tube of 1～2cm.

Described blowpipe is the blowpipe for crust-breaking & baiting that electrolyzer carries, and eliminates the anode effect of electrolyzer with the pressurized air by existing transfer lime.

The method of elimination aluminum cell anode effect provided by the invention, process the following step:

A), when electrolyzer generation anode effect, the intubate of blowpipe will be connected, in the electrolyte solution under electrolyzer aluminium inlet is inserted into corresponding anode;

B) sending into moisture content is that 0.20～0.30MPa, flow velocity are 10～12m/ second lower than 0.001% mass ratio, pressure, and flow is 0.8～0.94m ³the pressurized air of/second, makes aluminium liquid under pressurized air effect, contact with anode and after being short-circuited, eliminate anode effect;

C) after anode effect is eliminated, extract intubate out, carry out normal Aluminium Electrolysis.

Described compressed air pressure, flow and flow velocity complete by the control valve being arranged on the adjustable pipe between blowpipe and intubate.

The present invention compared with prior art has following advantages and effect:

(1) with pressurized air, replace traditional wooden stick to eliminate anode effect, reduce CO ₂, CO, NO _x, SO ₂discharge etc. multiple gases; by 300,000 tons of production capacities, calculate; can reduce the discharge of 63 tons of comprehensive waste gas; effectively protected ecotope, simultaneously due to intubate stainless steel tube, can in eliminating anode effect process, not consume; do not produce carbon slag; do not affect electrolysis production, can Reusability, reduced Aluminium Electrolysis cost.

(2) safer, eliminate anode effect more quickly, eliminating time average is 6 seconds, with respect to traditional wooden stick, within 30～60 seconds, has had very large breakthrough, has effectively reduced traditional wooden stick long combustion time, in a large number the serious problems of aluminium liquid secondary reaction.

(3) elimination anode effect is simple to operate, safe and reliable.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is that apparatus of the present invention are used structural representation;

Fig. 2 is the intubate amplification assumption diagram in Fig. 1.

In figure, 1 is electrolytic cell body, and 2 is intubate, and 3 is connecting leg, and 4,7 is control valve, 5 is adjustable pipe, and 6 is pressure, flow, tachograph, and 8 is flexible pipe, and 9 is blowpipe, and 10 is anode, 11 is electrolyte solution, and 12 is aluminium liquid, and 21 is high-temperature resistant tube, and 22 is flat port, and 23 is through hole.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention will be further described.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, the device of elimination aluminum cell anode effect provided by the invention, comprise the blowpipe 9 that is arranged on electrolyzer 1 groove top, blowpipe 9 is connected with the adjustable pipe 5 with control valve 4,7 and tensimeter 6 on it, adjustable pipe 5 is connected with intubate 2, described adjustable pipe 5 two ends are respectively equipped with control valve 4,7, and wherein upper end is connected with blowpipe 9 by flexible pipe 8, and lower end is connected with intubate 2; Described intubate 2 comprises the connecting leg 3 that connects adjustable pipe 5, this connecting leg 3 is PU pipe, the high-temperature resistant tube 21 being connected with connecting leg 3, the stainless steel tube that this high-temperature resistant tube 21 is 1cm for diameter, the port of high-temperature resistant tube 21 is made as flat port 22, to by intubate quick insertion anode bottom, be conducive to discharge pressurized air simultaneously; Described intubate 2 end part intervals arrange 4 through holes, so that pressurized air enters in the ionogen and aluminium liquid of anode bottom evenly, fast, reach the object of moment elimination anode effect.

Embodiment 1

A), when anode effect occurs electrolyzer 1, the intubate 1 of blowpipe 9, adjustable pipe 5 will be connected, in the electrolyte solution 11 under electrolyzer 1 aluminium inlet is inserted into corresponding anode 10;

B) by being arranged on control valve 4,7 on the adjustable pipe 5 between blowpipe 9 and intubate 2 and pressure, flow, tachograph 6, send into moisture content lower than the pressurized air of 0.001% mass ratio, and to regulate compressed-air actuated pressure be that 0.20MPa, flow velocity are 12m/ second, flow is 0.8m ³/ second, make aluminium liquid 12 under pressurized air effect, contact with anode 10 and after being short-circuited, eliminate anode effect;

C) after anode effect is eliminated, extract intubate 2 out, carry out normal Aluminium Electrolysis.

Embodiment 2

A), when anode effect occurs electrolyzer 1, the intubate 1 of blowpipe 9, adjustable pipe 5 will be connected, in the electrolyte solution 11 under electrolyzer 1 aluminium inlet is inserted into corresponding anode 10;

B) by being arranged on control valve 4,7 on the adjustable pipe 5 between blowpipe 9 and intubate 2 and pressure, flow, tachograph 6, send into moisture content lower than the pressurized air of 0.001% mass ratio, and to regulate compressed-air actuated pressure be that 0.30MPa, flow velocity are 10m/ second, flow is 0.94m ³/ second, make aluminium liquid 12 under pressurized air effect, contact with anode 10 and after being short-circuited, eliminate anode effect;

C) after anode effect is eliminated, extract intubate 2 out, carry out normal Aluminium Electrolysis.

Claims (6)

1. eliminate a device for aluminum cell anode effect, comprise the blowpipe that is arranged on electrolytic bath top, it is characterized in that blowpipe is connected with band control valve and manometric adjustable pipe on it, adjustable pipe is connected with intubate.

2. the device of elimination aluminum cell anode effect according to claim 1, is characterized in that described adjustable pipe two ends are respectively equipped with control valve, and wherein one end is connected with blowpipe by flexible pipe, and the other end is connected with intubate.

3. the device of elimination aluminum cell anode effect according to claim 1, is characterized in that described intubate comprises the connecting leg that connects adjustable pipe, and the high-temperature resistant tube being connected with connecting leg, and the port of high-temperature resistant tube is made as flat port.

4. the device of elimination aluminum cell anode effect according to claim 1, is characterized in that described intubate end part interval arranges a plurality of through holes.

5. the device of elimination aluminum cell anode effect according to claim 3, is characterized in that described connecting leg is PU pipe, and high-temperature resistant tube is that diameter is the stainless steel tube of 1～2cm.

6. with device described in claim 1, eliminate a method for aluminum cell anode effect, process the following step:

A), when electrolyzer generation anode effect, the intubate of blowpipe will be connected, in the electrolyte solution under electrolyzer aluminium inlet is inserted into corresponding anode;

B) sending into moisture content is that 0.20～0.30MPa, flow velocity are 10～12m/ second lower than 0.001% mass ratio, pressure, and flow is 0.8～0.94m ³the pressurized air of/second, makes aluminium liquid under pressurized air effect, contact with anode and after being short-circuited, eliminate anode effect;

C) after anode effect is eliminated, extract intubate out, carry out normal Aluminium Electrolysis.

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