CN103668176B - Be beneficial to the laser cladding repair technique of the gear improving hardness and wear resistance - Google Patents

Be beneficial to the laser cladding repair technique of the gear improving hardness and wear resistance Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103668176B
CN103668176B CN201310239780.0A CN201310239780A CN103668176B CN 103668176 B CN103668176 B CN 103668176B CN 201310239780 A CN201310239780 A CN 201310239780A CN 103668176 B CN103668176 B CN 103668176B
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gear
laser
cladding layer
layer
carried out
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CN103668176A (en
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邓琦林
刘少彬
何建方
马万花
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XINJIANG HUIXIANG LASER TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.
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DANYANG HONGTU LASER TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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  • Gears, Cams (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of laser repairing process of gear, comprise the following steps: A. processes gear surface, failure analysis is carried out to gear; B. gear is carried out to the overall preheating of 80 DEG C to 120 DEG C, gear position to be repaired is carried out to the partial preheating of 180 DEG C to 220 DEG C simultaneously; C. according to the failure analysis result of gear, Optimizing Process Parameters, carry out successively laser melting coating, the thickness of every layer of cladding layer is less than or equal to 0.4mm, does the edge of edge the past one deck cladding layer of later layer cladding layer stretch out 4? mm to 6mm, the component of the powdered alloy adopted and weight percent content are C≤0.5%, Cr:38% to 52%, B:1.5% to 2.5%, Si:0.5% to 1.5%, all the other are Fe; D. detect.The laser repairing process of this gear carries out laser melting coating to gear surface, makes its size reach service requirements, repairs back-geared hardness and wear resistance exceedes original performance.

Description

Be beneficial to the laser cladding repair technique of the gear improving hardness and wear resistance
The application is divisional application, the application number of original application: 201210351302.4, the applying date: 2012-09-20, invention and created name " laser cladding repair technique of gear ".
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of laser cladding method, especially a kind of laser melting coating restorative procedure of gear.
Background technology
The application of gear in all trades and professions is extremely extensive.Due to the performance characteristics of gear, while requiring that its centre ensures toughness, the flank of tooth can reach hardness requirement, with requirement of strength during satisfied use.The occlusal surface of gear requires high, and operation labor intensity is large, so can occur wearing and tearing at first at flank of tooth occlusal area and peel off, causes gear failure to be scrapped.Laser melting coating refers to and is made it to melt with matrix surface skim through laser irradiation by coated material cladding matrix surface placed by selecting with different adding material modes simultaneously, and it is extremely low to form extent of dilution after rapid solidification, the top coat of metallurgical binding is become with matrix, the remarkable processing method improving the wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, heat-resisting, anti-oxidant of substrate surface and electrical specification, thus reach the object of surface modification or reparation.With built-up welding, spraying, plating and gas phase sediment-filled phase ratio, laser melting coating has that extent of dilution is little, dense structure, coating and matrix is combined, be applicable to that cladding material is many, granularity and the feature such as content is large.How laser melting and coating technique being effectively applied to gear reparation, is the problem that those skilled in the art needs to solve.
Chinese patent literature CN100557082C discloses a kind of carburization-like overloading tooth component tooth surface laser cladding powdered material and restorative procedure, powdered material comprises the material of following mass percent: 0.80-1.10%C, 7.50-9.00%Mn, 0.90-1.30%Cr, 0.20-0.35%Mo, 2.00-3.50%B, 2.50-3.50%Si, impurity P≤0.06%, impurity S≤0.04%, all the other are Fe, and granularity is-140 order ~+260 orders.The powdered material C content that the method is selected is too high, although weldability is better, easily crack, Cr, Mn, Mo content is lower in addition, although there is certain alloy strengthening effect, effect is still not obvious.
Chinese patent literature CN102021568A discloses a kind of method of laser hardening gear part, comprises the following steps: 1) according to prior art machining gears part, requires the little 1.5mm of gear teeth Thickness Ratio design load; 2) gear is loaded on laser reinforcing equipment, and gear is preheated to 400-500 DEG C; 3) laser scanning is carried out to gear member surface, laser output power is 5kw, sweep velocity is 480mm/min, powder feeding rate is 18g/min, in a work step, powder feeding and laser melting coating synchronously carry out, by the metal-powder cladding containing high-abrasive material to gear surface, form the Laser Strengthening Layer of cladding thickness 3mm and reserve polishing surplus, laser beam is 15 × 2.5 broadband rectangular light spots; Point three layers of mode carrying out scanning cladding are respectively adopted to carry out cladding.The method divides the powder of three layers of use, three kinds of heterogeneities to carry out cladding, and excess enthalpy is loaded down with trivial details, and its preheating temperature is higher, and laser output power is higher, can make the too high generation thermal distortion of whole gear temperature.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of carries out laser melting coating to gear surface, makes its size restoration to service requirements, and hardness after reparation and wear resistance exceed the laser cladding repair technique of the gear of original performance.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of laser repairing process of gear, comprising the following steps:
A. gear surface is processed, failure analysis is carried out to gear;
B. gear is carried out to the overall preheating of 80 DEG C to 120 DEG C, gear position to be repaired is carried out to the partial preheating of 180 DEG C to 220 DEG C simultaneously;
As the embodiment optimized, gear is carried out to the overall preheating of 100 DEG C, gear position to be repaired is carried out to the partial preheating of 200 DEG C simultaneously;
C. according to the failure analysis result of gear, Optimizing Process Parameters, carry out successively laser melting coating, laser melting coating from the lower-most point in teeth groove, the thickness of every layer of cladding layer is less than or equal to 0.4mm, later layer cladding layer covers on front one deck cladding layer, the 4mm to 6mm and the edge of the edge of later layer cladding layer the past one deck cladding layer stretches out;
Adopting the mode of preset powder feeding, is that light source carries out lap connection scanning to gear with fast-transverse-flow CO2 laser; Laser power is 1500W to 1900W, and absolute altitude is 260mm to 275mm, and spot size is 10mm × 1.8mm, and sweep velocity is 110mm/min to 130mm/min, and amount of lap is 6.5mm, and powder sending quantity is 12g/min to 18g/min; The component of the powdered alloy adopted and weight percent content are C≤0.5%, Cr:38% to 52%, B:1.5% to 2.5%, Si:0.5% to 1.5%, and all the other are Fe;
As the embodiment optimized, according to the failure analysis result of gear, Optimizing Process Parameters, carry out successively laser melting coating, laser melting coating from the lower-most point in teeth groove, the thickness of every layer of cladding layer is 0.4mm, and later layer cladding layer covers on front one deck cladding layer, the 5mm and the edge of the edge of later layer cladding layer the past one deck cladding layer stretches out;
Adopting the mode of preset powder feeding, is that light source carries out lap connection scanning to gear with fast-transverse-flow CO2 laser; Laser power is 1700W, and absolute altitude is 270mm, and spot size is 10mm × 1.8mm, and sweep velocity is 120mm/min, and amount of lap is 6.5mm, and powder sending quantity is 15g/min; The component of the powdered alloy adopted and weight percent content are C:0.5%, Cr:45%, B:2%, Si:1%, and all the other are Fe;
D. detect.
In order to make gear to be repaired repair successfully in the process of laser melting coating, and obtain better repairing effect, a kind of preferred technical scheme is: the dust on gear, greasy dirt, corrosion are removed by above-mentioned steps A; The size at each position of detection of gear, determines failure site and abrasion loss thereof, determines gear shifting quadrant texturing amount; Remove the fatigue layer 0.5mm to 2mm at gear failure position, and clean.
In order to ensure the quality of the gear after repairing, a kind of preferred technical scheme is: above-mentioned steps D is detection of gear surface hardness; Detection of gear deflection; Mechanical workout is carried out to gear surface; Carry out detecting a flaw, verifying.
Technique scheme of the present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology:
(1) adopt homemade powdered alloy in the laser repairing process of gear of the present invention, by the content of strict control C in the composition of powdered alloy, make it have good wettability, to prevent from cracking in cladding process; Making alloy form matrix based on austenite after solidification by adding appropriate B, Si, to meet its hardness requirement, and making powdered alloy have good self-fluxing nature; Only utilize Cr element to carry out element strengthening to ferrous alloy, and in powdered alloy, the content of Cr element, apparently higher than prior art, under the prerequisite not affecting weldability, can make the hardness on reparation backgear surface and wear resistance significantly improve.
(2) laser repairing process of gear of the present invention adopts broad band laser bundle, and efficiency is higher; Adopt the mode of preset powder feeding, strictly control powder sending quantity, and laser power, sweep velocity, amount of lap etc. are optimized, such that the homogeneity of structure of cladding layer is good, thickness and hardness even.This technique make the fusion rate of the matrix at cladding layer and gear failure position high, combine closely, gear shifting quadrant texturing amount is little, and gear surface does not have crackle and pore, and hardness is high, has fabulous wear resistance.
(3) laser repairing process of gear of the present invention adopts gear to carry out overall preheating low temperature about 100 DEG C, the flank of tooth carries out partial preheating middle temperature about 200 DEG C, integral high-temperature preheating can be avoided to make gear produce thermal distortion, significantly reduce the thermograde of local surfacing simultaneously, reduce the stress in laser cladding process.In addition, this technique adopts the method for successively laser melting coating, and the thickness of every layer of cladding layer is no more than 0.4mm, and front one deck cladding layer covers by later layer cladding layer completely, and both edges are not overlapping, also effectively can prevent concentrating of stress.Adopt the gear that this technique is repaired, without the need to being incubated after laser melting coating, more without the need to annealing.
Embodiment
The concrete steps of the laser repairing process of the gear of the present embodiment are as follows:
A. gear surface to be repaired is processed, failure analysis is carried out to gear.
By removings such as the dust on gear, greasy dirt, corrosions; The size at each position of detection of gear, determines failure site and abrasion loss thereof, and whether inspection gear has metamorphism; Removed the fatigue layer 0.5mm at gear failure position by polishing, and clean.
B. carry out overall preheating to gear, overall preheating temperature is 100 DEG C, carries out partial preheating to the position to be repaired of gear simultaneously, and local preheat temperature is 200 DEG C.
C. according to the failure analysis result of gear, Optimizing Process Parameters, carry out successively laser melting coating, laser melting coating from the lower-most point in teeth groove, the thickness of every layer of cladding layer is 0.4mm, later layer cladding layer covers on front one deck cladding layer, and the edge of the edge of later layer cladding layer the past one deck cladding layer stretches out, and the distance of extension is 5mm.
Adopting the mode of preset powder feeding, is that lap connection scanning is carried out at the to be repaired position of light source to gear with fast-transverse-flow CO2 laser.Laser power is 1700W, and absolute altitude (namely laser apparatus is from the distance between Substrate, absolute altitude=focal length+defocusing amount) is 270mm, and spot size is 10mm × 1.8mm, and sweep velocity is 120mm/min, and amount of lap is 6.5mm, and powder sending quantity is 15g/min.The component of the powdered alloy adopted and weight percent content are C:0.5%, Cr:45%, B:2%, Si:1%, and all the other are Fe.
D. repair after terminating, detect.
Detect surface hardness; Detect deflection; Mechanical workout is carried out to gear surface; Detect a flaw, detect and whether have pore, slag inclusion, slight crack etc. to affect the defect of gear mechanism performance; Verify, whether quality inspection is qualified.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for example of the present invention is clearly described, and is not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all embodiments.And these belong to spirit institute's apparent change of extending out of the present invention or change and are still among protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. a laser repairing process for gear, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
A. gear surface is processed, failure analysis is carried out to gear;
B. gear is carried out to the overall preheating of 100 DEG C, gear position to be repaired is carried out to the partial preheating of 200 DEG C simultaneously;
C. according to the failure analysis result of gear, Optimizing Process Parameters, carry out successively laser melting coating, laser melting coating from the lower-most point in teeth groove, the thickness of every layer of cladding layer is 0.4mm, later layer cladding layer covers on front one deck cladding layer, the 5mm and the edge of the edge of later layer cladding layer the past one deck cladding layer stretches out;
Adopting the mode of preset powder feeding, is that light source carries out lap connection scanning to gear with fast-transverse-flow CO2 laser; Laser power is 1700W, and absolute altitude is 270mm, and spot size is 10mm × 1.8mm, and sweep velocity is 120mm/min, and amount of lap is 6.5mm, and powder sending quantity is 15g/min; The component of the powdered alloy adopted and weight percent content are C:0.5%, Cr:45%, B:2%, Si:1%, and all the other are Fe;
D. detect.
2. according to the laser repairing process of gear according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described steps A is removed at the dust on gear, greasy dirt, corrosion; The size at each position of detection of gear, determines failure site and abrasion loss thereof, determines gear shifting quadrant texturing amount; Remove the fatigue layer 0.5mm to 2mm at gear failure position, and clean.
3. according to the laser repairing process of gear according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step D is detection of gear surface hardness; Detection of gear deflection; Mechanical workout is carried out to gear surface; Carry out detecting a flaw, verifying.
CN201310239780.0A 2012-09-20 2012-09-20 Be beneficial to the laser cladding repair technique of the gear improving hardness and wear resistance Active CN103668176B (en)

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Inventor after: Zhou Jianxue

Inventor after: Sun Chuanwu

Inventor after: Zhu Jinjiao

Inventor after: Li Yan

Inventor after: Chen Yongfeng

Inventor after: Lu Pengtao

Inventor before: Deng Qilin

Inventor before: Liu Shaobin

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Address before: 212000, Jiangsu, Zhenjiang province Danyang City, Lu Town, canal plexus Yang Village

Patentee before: Danyang Hongtu Laser Technology Co., Ltd.