CN114657556A - Laser derusting process parameter determination method - Google Patents
Laser derusting process parameter determination method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114657556A CN114657556A CN202210313175.2A CN202210313175A CN114657556A CN 114657556 A CN114657556 A CN 114657556A CN 202210313175 A CN202210313175 A CN 202210313175A CN 114657556 A CN114657556 A CN 114657556A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
- C23C24/106—Coating with metal alloys or metal elements only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
- B08B7/0035—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by radiant energy, e.g. UV, laser, light beam or the like
- B08B7/0042—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by radiant energy, e.g. UV, laser, light beam or the like by laser
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of laser rust removal, and discloses a method for determining technological parameters of laser rust removal. According to the invention, through grade definition of the workpieces with different degrees of rust and the proportion correspondence of the laser cladding alloy powder content, after comparison before and after rust removal detection, the repair effect of the laser cladding process parameters on workpiece rust removal can be determined, and the rust removal process parameters of the workpieces can be accurately defined, so that not only can the rust removal cost be saved, but also the standard performance of the rust removal parameters can be determined, the working strength is saved, and meanwhile, the accurate determination work of the process parameters by workers can be facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser rust removal, in particular to a method for determining technological parameters of laser rust removal.
Background
With the first ruby laser invented by american scientist emman in 1960, the laser technology is continuously developed along with the development of science, materials and computers, the laser processing technology is more and more diverse, and the laser processing technology is from laser drilling, laser engraving, laser welding to laser cutting, laser surface alloying, laser marking, laser texturing, laser cladding, laser shock strengthening to laser shock forming, laser cleaning (rust removal) and laser cosmetology, which relates to the electronic industry, IT industry, automobile manufacturing industry, medical health and other industries, and because the laser has the advantages of high brightness, good directivity, easy control and the like, the laser is also a big player in the rust removal industry.
The laser rust removal technology is an important branch of laser cleaning technology, and is a technical process for cleaning a rust layer on the surface of a raw rust metal by using laser, in particular to a process for instantly evaporating or stripping the rust layer, a paint layer, oil stains and the like on the surface by irradiating the surface of a workpiece by using high-energy laser beams so as to purify the workpiece.
In the laser rust removal process, material properties, rust degree and process parameters are the most main factors influencing rust removal quality, so that the energy of laser can be selected according to the actual rust degree of metal, the laser power density radiated on a sample can be changed by moving a rusty metal sample back and forth to change the size of a light spot, and the rust removal effect can be optimized by adjusting the working frequency of a laser. Accordingly, those skilled in the art have provided a method for determining process parameters for laser descaling to solve the problems set forth in the background art described above.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for determining technological parameters of laser rust removal so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for determining technological parameters of laser rust removal comprises the following steps:
(1) and rust damage detection
The method comprises the steps of rust dimension detection, crack detection, hardness detection and nondestructive inspection of a workpiece, defining the rust grade of the workpiece, determining the damage quantity of the workpiece and ensuring that the workpiece has no defect crack which influences repair;
(2) preheating before repair
The part to be overhauled is locally preheated at 200-300 ℃ in an electric heating mode;
(3) making a technical scheme
Based on a visual detection technology, carrying out visual detection and positioning on a part of the workpiece to be derusted, making a laser probe driving route, and further calculating the layer number and the thickness of metal powder and a cladding layer according to the rust condition detected by the original workpiece by utilizing the characteristic of good laser cladding controllability;
adopting a prefabricated powder feeding mode, and continuously scanning a workpiece by taking a rapid transverse flow carbon dioxide laser as a light source, wherein the adopted alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 0.42-0.50, Mn: 0.5-0.8, Si: 0.17-0.37, S: less than or equal to 0.035, P: less than or equal to 0.035, Cr: less than or equal to 0.2, Ni: less than or equal to 0.3, and the balance of Fe;
cladding laser parameters: the power is 300-;
(4) and detection in repair
The method comprises the steps of carrying out rust removal quality detection by adopting a laser surface acoustic wave signal, carrying out single-point multiple laser irradiation on a workpiece by using laser with the wavelength of 1064nm, the pulse width of 10ns, the energy of 1J and the spot diameter of 3mm, successively collecting the surface acoustic wave signal generated in the rust removal process by using a PVDF piezoelectric film, and analyzing the relation between the surface acoustic wave signal and the laser rust removal quality;
(5) post repair detection
And carrying out hardness detection, nondestructive inspection detection and rust removal size detection on the workpiece after rust removal.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the corrosion rating of the workpiece is classified into A, B, C, D, 4 grades:
A. entirely covered with scale with little rust;
B. rust has occurred and part of the scale has spalled off;
C. the scale has been peeled off by corrosion or can be scraped off with little pitting;
D. the scale has been peeled off all over due to corrosion, and pitting corrosion has occurred commonly.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the rust removal tracks of the laser probe are respectively 1-4 times in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, through grade definition of the workpieces with different degrees of rust and the proportion correspondence of the laser cladding alloy powder content, after comparison before and after rust removal detection, the repair effect of the laser cladding process parameters on workpiece rust removal can be determined, and the rust removal process parameters of the workpieces can be accurately defined, so that not only can the rust removal cost be saved, but also the standard performance of the rust removal parameters can be determined, the working strength is saved, and meanwhile, the accurate determination work of the process parameters by workers can be facilitated.
Detailed Description
Example one
In the embodiment of the invention, a method for determining technological parameters of laser rust removal comprises the following steps:
(1) and rust damage detection
The method comprises the steps of rust dimension detection, crack detection, hardness detection and nondestructive inspection of a workpiece, defining the rust grade of the workpiece, determining the damage quantity of the workpiece and ensuring that the workpiece has no defect crack which influences repair;
(2) preheating before repair
The part to be overhauled is locally preheated at 200-300 ℃ in an electric heating mode;
(3) making a technical scheme
Based on a visual detection technology, carrying out visual detection and positioning on a part of the workpiece to be derusted, making a laser probe driving route, and further calculating the layer number and the thickness of metal powder and a cladding layer according to the rust condition detected by the original workpiece by utilizing the characteristic of good laser cladding controllability;
adopting a prefabricated powder feeding mode, and continuously scanning a workpiece by taking a rapid transverse flow carbon dioxide laser as a light source, wherein the adopted alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 0.42, Mn: 0.5, Si: 0.17, S: 0.035, P: 0.035, Cr: 0.2, Ni: 0.3, and the balance of Fe;
cladding laser parameters: the power is 300-2000W, the diameter of a light spot is 3-4mm, the frequency is 20KHz, the laser on delay is 1 mu s, and the laser off delay is 50 mu s;
(4) and detection in repair
The method comprises the steps of carrying out rust removal quality detection by adopting a laser surface acoustic wave signal, carrying out single-point multiple laser irradiation on a workpiece by using laser with the wavelength of 1064nm, the pulse width of 10ns, the energy of 1J and the spot diameter of 3mm, successively collecting the surface acoustic wave signal generated in the rust removal process by using a PVDF piezoelectric film, and analyzing the relation between the surface acoustic wave signal and the laser rust removal quality;
(5) post repair detection
And carrying out hardness detection, nondestructive inspection detection and rust removal size detection on the workpiece after rust removal.
The rust rating of the workpiece was classified into A, B, C, D, 4 grades:
A. entirely covered with scale with little rust;
B. rust has occurred and part of the scale has spalled off;
C. the scale has been peeled off by corrosion or can be scraped off with little pitting;
D. the scale has been peeled off all over due to corrosion, and pitting corrosion has occurred commonly;
the corrosion rating of the workpiece is B grade.
The rust removal tracks of the laser probe are respectively 1-4 times in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction.
Example two
In the embodiment of the invention, a method for determining technological parameters of laser rust removal comprises the following steps:
(1) and rust damage detection
The method comprises the steps of rust dimension detection, crack detection, hardness detection and nondestructive inspection of a workpiece, defining the rust grade of the workpiece, determining the damage quantity of the workpiece and ensuring that the workpiece has no defect crack which influences repair;
(2) preheating before repair
The part to be overhauled is locally preheated at 200-300 ℃ in an electric heating mode;
(3) making a technical scheme
Based on a visual detection technology, carrying out visual detection and positioning on a part of the workpiece to be derusted, making a laser probe driving route, and further calculating the layer number and the thickness of metal powder and a cladding layer according to the rust condition detected by the original workpiece by utilizing the characteristic of good laser cladding controllability;
adopting a prefabricated powder feeding mode, and continuously scanning a workpiece by taking a rapid transverse flow carbon dioxide laser as a light source, wherein the adopted alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 0.45, Mn: 0.6, Si: 0.25, S: 0.03, P: 0.03, Cr: 0.15, Ni: 0.25, and the balance of Fe;
cladding laser parameters: the power is 300-;
(4) and detection in repair
The method comprises the steps of carrying out rust removal quality detection by adopting a laser surface acoustic wave signal, carrying out single-point multiple laser irradiation on a workpiece by using laser with the wavelength of 1064nm, the pulse width of 10ns, the energy of 1J and the spot diameter of 3mm, successively collecting the surface acoustic wave signal generated in the rust removal process by using a PVDF piezoelectric film, and analyzing the relation between the surface acoustic wave signal and the laser rust removal quality;
(5) post repair detection
And carrying out hardness detection, nondestructive inspection detection and rust removal size detection on the workpiece after rust removal.
The rust rating of the workpiece was classified into A, B, C, D, 4 grades:
A. covered with scale over the entire surface with little rust;
B. rust has occurred and part of the scale has spalled off;
C. the scale has been peeled off by corrosion or can be scraped off, and there is little pitting;
D. the scale has been peeled off all over due to corrosion, and pitting corrosion has occurred commonly;
the corrosion rating of the workpiece is A grade.
The rust removal tracks of the laser probe are respectively 1-4 times in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction.
EXAMPLE III
In the embodiment of the invention, a method for determining technological parameters of laser rust removal comprises the following steps:
(1) and rust damage detection
The method comprises the steps of rust dimension detection, crack detection, hardness detection and nondestructive inspection of a workpiece, defining the rust grade of the workpiece, determining the damage quantity of the workpiece and ensuring that the workpiece has no defect crack which influences repair;
(2) preheating before repair
The part to be overhauled is locally preheated at 200-300 ℃ in an electric heating mode;
(3) making a technical scheme
Based on a visual detection technology, carrying out visual detection and positioning on a part of the workpiece to be derusted, making a laser probe driving route, and further calculating the layer number and the thickness of metal powder and a cladding layer according to the rust condition detected by the original workpiece by utilizing the characteristic of good laser cladding controllability;
adopting a prefabricated powder feeding mode, and continuously scanning a workpiece by taking a rapid transverse flow carbon dioxide laser as a light source, wherein the adopted alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 0.48, Mn: 0.7, Si: 0.3, S: 0.02, P: 0.02, Cr: 0.1, Ni: 0.2, and the balance of Fe;
cladding laser parameters: the power is 300-;
(4) and detection in repair
The method comprises the steps of carrying out rust removal quality detection by adopting a laser surface acoustic wave signal, carrying out single-point multiple laser irradiation on a workpiece by using laser with the wavelength of 1064nm, the pulse width of 10ns, the energy of 1J and the spot diameter of 3mm, successively collecting the surface acoustic wave signal generated in the rust removal process by using a PVDF piezoelectric film, and analyzing the relation between the surface acoustic wave signal and the laser rust removal quality;
(5) post repair detection
And carrying out hardness detection, nondestructive inspection detection and rust removal size detection on the workpiece after rust removal.
The rust rating of the workpiece was classified into A, B, C, D, 4 grades:
A. entirely covered with scale with little rust;
B. rust has occurred and part of the scale has spalled off;
C. the scale has been peeled off by corrosion or can be scraped off with little pitting;
D. the scale has been peeled off all over due to corrosion, and pitting corrosion has occurred commonly;
the corrosion rating of the workpiece is grade C.
The rust removal tracks of the laser probe are respectively 1-4 times in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction.
Example four
In the embodiment of the invention, a method for determining technological parameters of laser rust removal comprises the following steps:
(1) and rust damage detection
The method comprises the steps of rust dimension detection, crack detection, hardness detection and nondestructive inspection of a workpiece, defining the rust grade of the workpiece, determining the damage quantity of the workpiece and ensuring that the workpiece has no defect crack which influences repair;
(2) preheating before repair
The part to be overhauled is locally preheated at 200-300 ℃ in an electric heating mode;
(3) making a technical scheme
Based on a visual detection technology, carrying out visual detection and positioning on a part of the workpiece to be derusted, making a laser probe driving route, and further calculating the layer number and the thickness of metal powder and a cladding layer according to the rust condition detected by the original workpiece by utilizing the characteristic of good laser cladding controllability;
adopting a prefabricated powder feeding mode, and continuously scanning a workpiece by taking a rapid transverse flow carbon dioxide laser as a light source, wherein the adopted alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 0.50, Mn: 0.8, Si: 0.37, S: 0.01, P: 0.01, Cr: 0.1, Ni: 0.1, and the balance of Fe;
cladding laser parameters: the power is 300-;
(4) and detection in repair
The method comprises the steps of carrying out rust removal quality detection by adopting a laser surface acoustic wave signal, carrying out single-point multiple laser irradiation on a workpiece by using laser with the wavelength of 1064nm, the pulse width of 10ns, the energy of 1J and the spot diameter of 3mm, successively collecting the surface acoustic wave signal generated in the rust removal process by using a PVDF piezoelectric film, and analyzing the relation between the surface acoustic wave signal and the laser rust removal quality;
(5) post repair detection
And carrying out hardness detection, nondestructive inspection detection and rust removal size detection on the workpiece after rust removal.
The rust rating of the workpiece was classified into A, B, C, D, 4 grades:
A. covered with scale over the entire surface with little rust;
B. rust has occurred and part of the scale has spalled off;
C. the scale has been peeled off by corrosion or can be scraped off with little pitting;
D. the scale has been peeled off all over due to corrosion, and pitting corrosion has occurred commonly;
the corrosion rating of the workpiece is D grade.
The rust removal tracks of the laser probe are respectively 1-4 times in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction.
By comparing the four groups of workpieces with different grades before and after rust removal detection and the proportion of the four groups of laser cladding alloy powder, the repair effect of the laser cladding process parameters on workpiece rust removal can be determined, the rust removal process parameters of the workpieces can be accurately defined, the rust removal cost can be saved, and the standard performance of the rust removal parameters can be determined.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention are equivalent to or changed within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A laser derusting process parameter determining method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) and rust damage detection
The method comprises the steps of rust dimension detection, crack detection, hardness detection and nondestructive inspection of a workpiece, defining the rust grade of the workpiece, determining the damage quantity of the workpiece and ensuring that the workpiece has no defect crack which influences repair;
(2) preheating before repair
The part to be overhauled is locally preheated at 200-300 ℃ in an electric heating mode;
(3) and making a technical scheme
Based on a visual detection technology, carrying out visual detection and positioning on a part of the workpiece to be derusted, making a laser probe driving route, and further calculating the layer number and the thickness of metal powder and a cladding layer according to the rust condition detected by the original workpiece by utilizing the characteristic of good laser cladding controllability;
adopting a prefabricated powder feeding mode, and continuously scanning a workpiece by taking a rapid transverse flow carbon dioxide laser as a light source, wherein the adopted alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 0.42-0.50, Mn: 0.5-0.8, Si: 0.17-0.37, S: less than or equal to 0.035, P: less than or equal to 0.035, Cr: less than or equal to 0.2, Ni: less than or equal to 0.3, and the balance of Fe;
cladding laser parameters: the power is 300-;
(4) and detection in repair
The method comprises the steps of carrying out rust removal quality detection by adopting a laser surface acoustic wave signal, carrying out single-point multiple laser irradiation on a workpiece by using laser with the wavelength of 1064nm, the pulse width of 10ns, the energy of 1J and the spot diameter of 3mm, successively collecting the surface acoustic wave signal generated in the rust removal process by using a PVDF piezoelectric film, and analyzing the relation between the surface acoustic wave signal and the laser rust removal quality;
(5) post repair detection
And carrying out hardness detection, nondestructive inspection detection and rust removal size detection on the workpiece after rust removal.
2. The method for determining the technological parameters for laser derusting according to claim 1, wherein the workpiece is divided into A, B, C, D, 4 grades:
A. entirely covered with scale with little rust;
B. rust has occurred and part of the scale has spalled off;
C. the scale has been peeled off by corrosion or can be scraped off with little pitting;
D. the scale has been peeled off all over due to corrosion, and pitting corrosion has occurred commonly.
3. The method for determining the technological parameters of the laser rust removal is characterized in that the rust removal tracks of the laser probe are 1-4 times respectively in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118081104A (en) * | 2024-04-29 | 2024-05-28 | 福建奥瑞斯机器人工程技术有限公司 | Visual positioning laser marking machine |
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2022
- 2022-03-28 CN CN202210313175.2A patent/CN114657556A/en active Pending
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101643909A (en) * | 2009-09-03 | 2010-02-10 | 昆明理工大学 | Pickling method before steel electroplating |
| CN102828182A (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2012-12-19 | 丹阳宏图激光科技有限公司 | Laser cladding repair process for gear |
| CN104087931A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2014-10-08 | 辽宁工业大学 | Laser single-path cladding process method for 45 steel |
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| CN112570708A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-03-30 | 首钢集团有限公司 | Metal powder for repairing supporting roller based on laser coaxial powder feeding process and preparation method thereof |
| CN112589105A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-04-02 | 首钢集团有限公司 | Repairing method of cold-rolled supporting roller |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118081104A (en) * | 2024-04-29 | 2024-05-28 | 福建奥瑞斯机器人工程技术有限公司 | Visual positioning laser marking machine |
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