CN103667628A - Heat treatment method - Google Patents
Heat treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103667628A CN103667628A CN201210353452.9A CN201210353452A CN103667628A CN 103667628 A CN103667628 A CN 103667628A CN 201210353452 A CN201210353452 A CN 201210353452A CN 103667628 A CN103667628 A CN 103667628A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a heat treatment method which is mainly used for solving the problem of too much oil mist generated by heat treatment oil on the using site in the prior art. The heat treatment method provided by the invention comprises the following step: tempering a workpiece to be tempered in a heat treatment oil composition at the temperature of 130-260 DEG C for 0.5-8h, wherein the heat treatment oil composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: a) 0.01-5 parts of oil mist inhibitor; b) 0.1-8 parts of amides detergent dispersant; c) 0.05-3 parts of antioxidant; d) 0.001-3 parts of brightener; and e) 75-98 parts of base oil. The technical scheme can better solve the problem in the prior art and can be used for low-temperature tempering hot working process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heat treating method.
Background technology
Heat-treated oil refers to that metal parts adds needed oil base heat-eliminating medium in man-hour heat-treating.Especially, tempering is also a kind of conventional metal heating processing technology, claims again to join fire, is that the workpiece after quenching is reheated to the proper temperature lower than lower critical temperature, after insulation for some time, and cooling process in air, water or wet goods medium.Its object is mainly the internal stress producing while quenching in order to reduce or eliminate, or reduces hardness and the intensity of workpiece, to improve its ductility or toughness.Tempering process comprises high tempering (500 ~ 600 ℃), average tempering (300 ~ 400 ℃) and low-temperaturetempering (160 ~ 260 ℃).Conventionally, while only having low-temperaturetempering, can adopt heat-treated oil as medium, also referred to as tempering oil.
In the past, the heat-treated oil that China's tempering process is used mostly is standard machinery oil or cylinder stock oil, and work-ing life is short, aging serious, easily produces a large amount of greasy filth, and product performance are undesirable.Therefore, should adopt special-purpose heat-treated oil.The oil product using due to low-temperaturetempering continues to use for a long time at 160 ~ 260 ℃, therefore requires heat-treated oil to use and will have good thermal oxidation stability and thermal conduction at higher temperature.In addition, at tempering processing site, because use temperature is higher, the mist of oil in oil is easily vacateed, and especially, when workpiece in enormous quantities is come out of the stove, workshop mist of oil fills the air, and smell is large, and the health poor on operator has impact, and oil consumption simultaneously increases, and causes waste.
Document " development of No. 1 tempering oil and application (metal heat treatmet; 1985; 3; 16 ~ 18 pages) " discloses a kind of No. 1 tempering oil being comprised of base oil and oxidation inhibitor, be applied to the low-temperaturetempering of the workpiece such as bearing steel, mould steel, alloy carburizing steel, compare with machinery oil, locomotive oil, long service life, raw slag are few, noncoking, and in use detergent-dispersant performance can be significantly.But and not mentioned oil product has the ability that mist of oil produces that suppresses.For reducing mist of oil, once attempt adding mist inhibitor, but add common mist inhibitor, do not mate with other components in tempering oil again, still there is the problem that on-the-spot mist of oil is large.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is that in prior art, heat-treated oil, using the larger problem of on-the-spot mist of oil, provides a kind of heat treating method.This heat-treated oil method not only has good thermal oxidation stability and thermal conduction, under comparatively high temps the life-span of life-time service long, produce greasy filth few, and job shop mist of oil is few, workman's Working environment environment-protecting clean.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows: a kind of heat treating method, under 130 ~ 260 ℃ of conditions, will need tempering workpiece temper 0.5 ~ 8 hour in heat-treatment oil composition; Described heat-treatment oil composition, comprises following component in parts by weight:
A) mist inhibitor of 0.01 ~ 5 part;
B) the amides detergent-dispersant additive of 0.1 ~ 8 part;
C) oxidation inhibitor of 0.05 ~ 3 part;
D) brightening agent of 0.001 ~ 3 part;
E) base oil of 75 ~ 98 parts;
Wherein, described mist inhibitor is selected from least one in ethylene-propylene random copolymer, polyisobutene, polyisobutene and poly-propoxy-silicone composite; Described amides detergent-dispersant additive is selected from least one in mono alkenyl succimide, polyisobutylene-bis-succinimide, the many succimides of polyisobutene or high molecular succimide; Described oxidation inhibitor is selected from least one in phenolic antioxidant or amine antioxidants; Described brightening agent is selected from least one in tetrahydroglyoxaline oleate or methyl terpine resin.
In technique scheme, described high molecular succimide is known in the field, refers to T161 series.
In technique scheme, in parts by weight, the consumption preferable range of mist inhibitor is 0.05 ~ 3 part, the consumption preferable range of amides detergent-dispersant additive is 0.1 ~ 6 part, the consumption preferable range of oxidation inhibitor is 0.1 ~ 2 part, the consumption preferable range of brightening agent is 0.003 ~ 2 part, and the consumption preferable range of base oil is 78 ~ 95 parts.The molecular-weight average preferable range of ethylene-propylene random copolymer is 90000 ~ 150000; The molecular-weight average preferable range of polyisobutene is 1000 ~ 200000.Phenolic antioxidant preferred version is for being selected from least one in 4,4-methylene-bis (2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), thioether group phenol or thioether group phenolic ester.Amine antioxidants preferred version is for being selected from least one of alkylated diphenylamine, alkyl phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine or N-phenyl-N '-alkyl-P-pHENYLENE dI AMINE.
In technique scheme, during for low-temperaturetempering, when tempering temperature is 145 ~ 155 ℃, during as No. 1 tempering oil in industry standard SH/T0564, the kinematic viscosity preferable range at 100 ℃ of base oils is for being not more than 35mm
2s
-1, for example, can be HVI 650; When tempering temperature is 195 ~ 205 ℃, during as No. 2 tempering oils in industry standard SH/T 0564, the kinematic viscosity preferable range at 100 ℃ of base oils is for being not more than 50mm
2s
-1, for example, can be HVI 150BS.
In technique scheme, described heat-treatment oil composition preferred version is for also comprising f) rust-preventive agent, in parts by weight, the consumption of rust-preventive agent is 0.5 ~ 8 part, preferable range is 0.5 ~ 6 part.Described rust-preventive agent preferred version is at least one being selected from sulfonate or dodecenylsuccinic acid.Wherein, described sulfonate preferred version is at least one being selected from petroleum sodium sulfonate, synthetic sodium sulfonate, barium mahogany sulfonate, synthetic barium sulfonate, dinonyl naphthalene sulfonate barium or dinonylnaphthalene sulfonic acid calcium.Added after rust-preventive agent, played short-term rust inhibition before making workpiece after tempering enter subsequent processing, thereby save the step that is coated with slushing oil, saved production cost.
The preparation method of the heat-treatment oil composition that the present invention adopts, comprise: by the base oil of aequum, rust-preventive agent, detergent-dispersant additive, oxidation inhibitor, brightening agent and mist inhibitor mixed, be heated to 50 ~ 70 ℃, constant temperature stirs 1 ~ 10 hour to obtain described heat-treatment oil composition.
During concrete preparation heat-treatment oil composition of the present invention, can first base oil be pumped into blending kettle, start agitator and heater switch, when oil product is heated to 55～65 ℃, the mist inhibitor, amides detergent-dispersant additive, oxidation inhibitor, brightening agent and the rust-preventive agent that add successively aequum, continue insulated and stirred at 55～65 ℃ and within 2 ~ 10 hours, obtain yellow uniform liquid.
The inventive method, owing to having adopted the mist inhibitor of high molecular polymer, increases the average the droplet sizes of fluid, and makes small-particle mist of oil assemble rapidly sedimentation, can finally effectively reduce airborne mist of oil amount.Simultaneously, owing to selecting, be selected from ethylene-propylene random copolymer, polyisobutene, at least one in polyisobutene and poly-propoxy-silicone composite is as mist inhibitor, be selected from mono alkenyl succimide, polyisobutylene-bis-succinimide, at least one in the many succimides of polyisobutene or high molecular succimide is as detergent-dispersant additive, be selected from least one in phenolic antioxidant or amine antioxidants as oxidation inhibitor, be selected from least one in tetrahydroglyoxaline oleate or methyl terpine resin as brightening agent, take full advantage of mist inhibitor, amides detergent-dispersant additive, oxidation inhibitor, the synergy of brightening agent and base oil, not only there is good thermal oxidation stability and thermal conduction, the life-span of life-time service long (can improve 50% work-ing life) under comparatively high temps, generation greasy filth is few, and job shop mist of oil is few, workman's Working environment environment-protecting clean.In addition; due to added be selected from sulfonate or dodecenylsuccinic acid at least one as rust-preventive agent; can form protection adsorption film at workpiece surface; before entering subsequent processing, play short-term rust inhibition; follow-up being easy to cleaned; thereby save the step that is coated with slushing oil, save production cost, obtained good technique effect.
Below by embodiment, the invention will be further elaborated.
Embodiment
[embodiment 1 ~ 10]
Base oil is pumped into blending kettle, starts agitator and heater switch, when oil product is heated to 65 ℃, add successively the each component of aequum, at 65 ℃, continue insulated and stirred and within 3 hours, obtain yellow uniform liquid.In heat-treatment oil composition, each component amounts to 100 parts, and wherein each component and content is in Table 1, and its respective performances index the results are shown in Table 3 and table 4.
In table 1, T161A is high molecular succimide, Jinzhou Petrochemical Company additive factory.T511 is 4,4-methylene-bis (2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), Beijing Xing Pu technology development co. that becomes more meticulous.T534 is alkylated diphenylamine, Beijing Xing Pu technology development co. that becomes more meticulous.L-AN100, oil for total loss system, high bridge refinery.L-AN150, oil for total loss system, high bridge refinery.HVI650, lubricant base, high bridge refinery.HVI750, lubricant base, high bridge refinery.HVI 120BS, lubricant base, high bridge refinery.HVI 150BS, lubricant base, high bridge refinery.
Heat-treatment oil composition is in the use of low-temperaturetempering oil bath furnace, and its oil mist monitoring adopts the DATA portable push button mist of oil of RAM (concentration) determinator to carry out, and wherein the mist of oil control limit of domestic relevant industries suggestion is for being not more than 5mg/m
3.
[comparative example 1]
Form identically with [embodiment 3], just, containing mist inhibitor, each component and content are in Table 2.Investigate every physical and chemical index and the oil mist concentrations in 160 ℃ of uses such as its thermal oxidation stability, the results are shown in Table 3.
[comparative example 2]
In the formula shown in [embodiment 5], with polymethacrylate, substitute the mist inhibitor adopting, each component and content are in Table 2.Investigate every physical and chemical indexs such as its thermal oxidation stability and in 160 ℃ of uses oil mist concentration, the results are shown in Table 3.Polymethacrylate can bring certain mist of oil inhibition, but improves limitedly, and can make the thermal oxidation stability of heat-treatment oil composition slightly decline.
[comparative example 3]
Form identically with [embodiment 8], just, containing mist inhibitor, each component and content are in Table 2.Investigate every physical and chemical indexs such as its thermal oxidation stability and in 200 ℃ of uses oil mist concentration, the results are shown in Table 4.
[comparative example 4]
In the formula shown in [embodiment 10], with polyhutadiene, substitute the mist inhibitor adopting, each component and content are in Table 2.Investigate every physical and chemical indexs such as its thermal oxidation stability and in 200 ℃ of uses oil mist concentration, the results are shown in Table 4.In the drawing process of 200 ℃, the mist of oil inhibition of polyhutadiene is not obvious.
Table 1
Table 2
Table 3
Table 4
Therefore not all mist inhibitor can produce the oil mist prevention effect of anticipation in system of the present invention.Only select and be selected from ethylene-propylene random copolymer, polyisobutene, at least one in polyisobutene and poly-propoxy-silicone composite is as mist inhibitor, be selected from mono alkenyl succimide, polyisobutylene-bis-succinimide, at least one in the many succimides of polyisobutene or high molecular succimide is as detergent-dispersant additive, be selected from least one in phenolic antioxidant or amine antioxidants as oxidation inhibitor, be selected from least one in tetrahydroglyoxaline oleate or methyl terpine resin as brightening agent, these additive compound combinations, guarantee heat-treatment oil composition has good thermal oxidation stability, on the basis of detergency and thermal conduction, there is good mist of oil inhibition simultaneously.
[embodiment 11]
Under 150 ℃ of conditions, will need tempering workpiece temper 3 hours in [embodiment 3] heat-treatment oil composition.In use procedure, show good thermal oxidation stability and thermal conduction, produce greasy filth few, this heat-treatment oil composition is used 15 hours every day, can use 1 year.Meanwhile, during use, job shop mist of oil is few, workman's Working environment environment-protecting clean.
[embodiment 12]
Under 200 ℃ of conditions, will need tempering workpiece temper 2 hours in [embodiment 8] heat-treatment oil composition.In use procedure, show good thermal oxidation stability and thermal conduction, produce greasy filth few, this heat-treatment oil composition is used 16 hours every day, can use 1 year.Meanwhile, during use, job shop mist of oil is few, workman's Working environment environment-protecting clean.
Claims (9)
1. a heat treating method, under 130 ~ 260 ℃ of conditions, will need tempering workpiece temper 0.5 ~ 8 hour in heat-treatment oil composition; Described heat-treatment oil composition, comprises following component in parts by weight:
A) mist inhibitor of 0.01 ~ 5 part;
B) the amides detergent-dispersant additive of 0.1 ~ 8 part;
C) oxidation inhibitor of 0.05 ~ 3 part;
D) brightening agent of 0.001 ~ 3 part;
E) base oil of 75 ~ 98 parts;
Wherein, described mist inhibitor is selected from least one in ethylene-propylene random copolymer, polyisobutene, polyisobutene and poly-propoxy-silicone composite; Described amides detergent-dispersant additive is selected from least one in mono alkenyl succimide, polyisobutylene-bis-succinimide, the many succimides of polyisobutene or high molecular succimide; Described oxidation inhibitor is selected from least one in phenolic antioxidant or amine antioxidants; Described brightening agent is selected from least one in tetrahydroglyoxaline oleate or methyl terpine resin; The kinematic viscosity that described base oil is selected from 100 ℃ is not more than 65mm
2s
-1mineral type base oil or at least one in synthesis type base oil.
2. heat treating method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in parts by weight, the consumption of mist inhibitor is 0.05 ~ 3 part, the consumption of amides detergent-dispersant additive is 0.1 ~ 6 part, the consumption of oxidation inhibitor is 0.1 ~ 2 part, the consumption of brightening agent is 0.003 ~ 2 part, and the consumption of base oil is 78 ~ 95 parts.
3. heat treating method according to claim 1, the molecular-weight average that it is characterized in that ethylene-propylene random copolymer is 90000 ~ 150000; The molecular-weight average of polyisobutene is 1000 ~ 200000;
Phenolic antioxidant is selected from least one in 4,4-methylene-bis (2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), thioether group phenol or thioether group phenolic ester; Amine antioxidants is selected from least one of alkylated diphenylamine, alkyl phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine or N-phenyl-N '-alkyl-P-pHENYLENE dI AMINE.
4. heat treating method according to claim 1, while it is characterized in that treatment temp is 145 ~ 160 ℃, the kinematic viscosity at 100 ℃ of base oils is not more than 35mm
2s
-1.
5. heat treating method according to claim 1, while it is characterized in that treatment temp is 185 ~ 240 ℃, the kinematic viscosity at 100 ℃ of base oils is not more than 50mm
2s
-.
6. heat treating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described heat-treatment oil composition also comprises f) rust-preventive agent, in parts by weight, the consumption of rust-preventive agent is 0.5 ~ 8 part.
7. heat treating method according to claim 6, the consumption that it is characterized in that rust-preventive agent is 0.5 ~ 6 part.
8. heat treating method according to claim 6, is characterized in that described rust-preventive agent is selected from least one in sulfonate or dodecenylsuccinic acid.
9. heat treating method according to claim 8, is characterized in that described sulfonate is selected from least one in petroleum sodium sulfonate, synthetic sodium sulfonate, barium mahogany sulfonate, synthetic barium sulfonate, dinonyl naphthalene sulfonate barium or dinonylnaphthalene sulfonic acid calcium.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103667629A (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2014-03-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Low-temperature tempering method |
| CN105950842A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-09-21 | 昌利锻造有限公司 | Quenching oil for bearing end caps |
| CN113736547A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-12-03 | 南京正明观新材料有限公司 | Novel electric spark machining oil |
| CN115003781A (en) * | 2020-02-04 | 2022-09-02 | 出光兴产株式会社 | Heat treatment oil composition |
| WO2022264951A1 (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2022-12-22 | 出光興産株式会社 | Heat-treatment oil composition |
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| CN105950842A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-09-21 | 昌利锻造有限公司 | Quenching oil for bearing end caps |
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| CN113736547A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-12-03 | 南京正明观新材料有限公司 | Novel electric spark machining oil |
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Application publication date: 20140326 |