Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose the preparation method of the photochromic adjustable carbon quantum dot of a kind of fluorescence; preparation method to existing carbon quantum dot improves, and regulates fluorescence color, to expand the range of application of carbon quantum dot by adding oxygenant; and simplify preparation technology, make its suitability for scale production.
The preparation method of the photochromic adjustable carbon quantum dot of fluorescence that the present invention proposes, can have three kinds of different technical schemes, wherein: the first technical scheme comprises the following steps:
(1) citric acid or Citrate trianion are added to the water, making the mass percent concentration of citric acid or Citrate trianion is 0.2%~30%, obtains citric acid or citrate solution;
(2) using nitrogenous compound as nitridizing agent, nitridizing agent is joined in the citric acid or citrate solution of step (1), the mol ratio adding is: nitridizing agent: citric acid or citrate solution=1:2~50, under room temperature, use magnetic agitation, Citrate trianion and nitridizing agent are fully dissolved, obtain mixed solution;
(3) mixed solution of step (2) is put into hydrothermal reaction kettle, move in baking oven and carry out pyrolytic reaction, temperature of reaction is 120 ℃~200 ℃, and the reaction times is 2~24 hours, obtains crude product;
(4) crude product of step (3) is dialysed with dialysis tubing, the molecular weight that dams of dialysis tubing is 100-10000, and dialysis time is 6~72 hours, obtains the carbon quantum dot aqueous solution that ultraviolet excitation issues blue-fluorescence.
The second technical scheme comprises the following steps:
(1) citric acid or Citrate trianion are added to the water, making the mass percent concentration of citric acid or Citrate trianion is 0.2%~30%, obtains citric acid or citrate solution;
(2) using nitrogenous compound as nitridizing agent, using hydrogen peroxide as oxygenant, join in the citric acid or citrate solution of step (1), the mol ratio adding is: nitridizing agent: citric acid or citrate solution=1:2~50, oxygenant: citric acid or citrate solution=1:5~25, room temperature lower magnetic force stirs, and makes citric acid or Citrate trianion, nitrogenous compound and hydrogen peroxide fully dissolve and mix, and obtains mixed solution;
(3) mixed solution of step (2) is put into hydrothermal reaction kettle, move in baking oven and carry out pyrolytic reaction, temperature of reaction is 120 ℃~200 ℃, and the reaction times is 2~24 hours, obtains crude product;
(4) crude product of step (3) is dialysed with dialysis tubing, the molecular weight that dams of dialysis tubing is 100-10000, and dialysis time is 6~72 hours, obtains the carbon quantum dot aqueous solution that ultraviolet excitation issues green fluorescence.
The third technical scheme comprises the following steps:
(1) citric acid or Citrate trianion are added to the water, making the mass percent concentration of citric acid or Citrate trianion is 0.2%~30%, obtains citric acid or citrate solution;
(2) using nitrogenous compound as nitridizing agent, nitridizing agent is joined in the citric acid or citrate solution of step (1), the mol ratio adding is: nitridizing agent: citric acid or citrate solution=1:2~50, under room temperature, use magnetic agitation, citric acid or Citrate trianion and nitridizing agent are fully dissolved, obtain mixed solution;
(3) mixed solution of step (2) is put into hydrothermal reaction kettle, move in baking oven and carry out pyrolytic reaction, temperature of reaction is 120 ℃~200 ℃, and the reaction times is 2~24 hours, obtains the first crude product;
(4) using hydrogen peroxide as oxygenant, join in the first crude product of step (4), add mol ratio ratio to be: oxygenant: citric acid or Citrate trianion=1:5~25 mix mixed solution under magnetic stirrer;
(5) mixed solution of step (4) is moved in hydrothermal reaction kettle, put into immigration baking oven and carry out hydrothermal oxidization reaction, temperature of reaction is 120 ℃~200 ℃, and the reaction times is 2~24 hours, obtains the second crude product;
(6) the second crude product of step (5) is dialysed with dialysis tubing, the molecular weight that dams of dialysis tubing is 100-10000, and dialysis time is 6~72 hours, obtains the carbon quantum dot aqueous solution that ultraviolet excitation issues green fluorescence.
In above-mentioned three schemes, described Citrate trianion is any in Trisodium Citrate, Tripotassium Citrate or ammonium citrate.
In above-mentioned three schemes, described nitrogenous compound is any in bicarbonate of ammonia, volatile salt, ammoniacal liquor or urea.
The preparation method of the photochromic adjustable carbon quantum dot of fluorescence that the present invention proposes, its advantage is, the inventive method raw material is easy to get, nontoxic, in production process without special protection; Synthesis technique is simple, take citric acid or Citrate trianion as carbon source, take nitrogenous compound as nitridizing agent, hydrogen peroxide is oxygenant, by hydrothermal synthesis method, obtain issuing at ultraviolet excitation the carbon quantum dot aqueous solution of blueness or green fluorescence, easy control of reaction conditions, suitability for scale production; The carbon quantum dot preparing has photochromic adjustable, the plurality of advantages such as productive rate is high, quantum yield is high, result is reproducible of fluorescence.And, in the inventive method, by the simple oxygenant that adds, realize the adjusting to fluorescence color, blueness or the green fluorescence carbon quantum dot of preparation, can be applied to cell marking and viable cell imaging, add the substratum that contains blueness or green fluorescence carbon quantum dot to hatch altogether in the cell after cultivating, and observe with fluorescent microscope, and can be directly used in tumour cell mark.
Embodiment
The preparation method of the photochromic adjustable carbon quantum dot of fluorescence that the present invention proposes, can have three kinds of different technical schemes, wherein: the first technical scheme comprises the following steps:
(1) citric acid or Citrate trianion are added to the water, making the mass percent concentration of citric acid or Citrate trianion is 0.2%~30%, obtains citric acid or citrate solution;
(2) using nitrogenous compound as nitridizing agent, nitridizing agent is joined in the citric acid or citrate solution of step (1), the mol ratio adding is: nitridizing agent: citric acid or citrate solution=1:2~50, under room temperature, use magnetic agitation, Citrate trianion and nitridizing agent are fully dissolved, obtain mixed solution;
(3) mixed solution of step (2) is put into hydrothermal reaction kettle, move in baking oven and carry out pyrolytic reaction, temperature of reaction is 120 ℃~200 ℃, and the reaction times is 2~24 hours, obtains crude product;
(4) crude product of step (3) is dialysed with dialysis tubing, the molecular weight that dams of dialysis tubing is 100-10000, and dialysis time is 6~72 hours, obtains the carbon quantum dot aqueous solution that ultraviolet excitation issues blue-fluorescence.
The second technical scheme comprises the following steps:
(1) citric acid or Citrate trianion are added to the water, making the mass percent concentration of citric acid or Citrate trianion is 0.2%~30%, obtains citric acid or citrate solution;
(2) using nitrogenous compound as nitridizing agent, using hydrogen peroxide as oxygenant, join in the citric acid or citrate solution of step (1), the mol ratio adding is: nitridizing agent: citric acid or citrate solution=1:2~50, oxygenant: citric acid or citrate solution=1:5~25, room temperature lower magnetic force stirs, and makes citric acid or Citrate trianion, nitrogenous compound and hydrogen peroxide fully dissolve and mix, and obtains mixed solution;
(3) mixed solution of step (2) is put into hydrothermal reaction kettle, move in baking oven and carry out pyrolytic reaction, temperature of reaction is 120 ℃~200 ℃, and the reaction times is 2~24 hours, obtains crude product;
(4) crude product of step (3) is dialysed with dialysis tubing, the molecular weight that dams of dialysis tubing is 100-10000, and dialysis time is 6~72 hours, obtains the carbon quantum dot aqueous solution that ultraviolet excitation issues green fluorescence.
The third technical scheme comprises the following steps:
(1) citric acid or Citrate trianion are added to the water, making the mass percent concentration of citric acid or Citrate trianion is 0.2%~30%, obtains citric acid or citrate solution;
(2) using nitrogenous compound as nitridizing agent, nitridizing agent is joined in the citric acid or citrate solution of step (1), the mol ratio adding is: nitridizing agent: citric acid or citrate solution=1:2~50, under room temperature, use magnetic agitation, citric acid or Citrate trianion and nitridizing agent are fully dissolved, obtain mixed solution;
(3) mixed solution of step (2) is put into hydrothermal reaction kettle, move in baking oven and carry out pyrolytic reaction, temperature of reaction is 120 ℃~200 ℃, and the reaction times is 2~24 hours, obtains the first crude product;
(4) using hydrogen peroxide as oxygenant, join in the first crude product of step (4), add mol ratio ratio to be: oxygenant: citric acid or Citrate trianion=1:5~25 mix mixed solution under magnetic stirrer;
(5) mixed solution of step (4) is moved in hydrothermal reaction kettle, put into immigration baking oven and carry out hydrothermal oxidization reaction, temperature of reaction is 120 ℃~200 ℃, and the reaction times is 2~24 hours, obtains the second crude product;
(6) the second crude product of step (5) is dialysed with dialysis tubing, the molecular weight that dams of dialysis tubing is 100-10000, and dialysis time is 6~72 hours, obtains the carbon quantum dot aqueous solution that ultraviolet excitation issues green fluorescence.
In above-mentioned three schemes, described Citrate trianion is any in Trisodium Citrate, Tripotassium Citrate or ammonium citrate.
In above-mentioned three schemes, described nitrogenous compound is any in bicarbonate of ammonia, volatile salt, ammoniacal liquor or urea.
In the inventive method, the hydrothermal reaction kettle of use is with polytetrafluoroethyllining lining.
Below introduce the embodiment of the inventive method:
Embodiment mono-, prepare the carbon quantum dot that ultraviolet excitation issues blue-fluorescence:
(1) take 0.4 gram of Tripotassium Citrate is carbon source, joins in 20 ml waters and dissolves, and forms the Tripotassium Citrate aqueous solution;
(2) take 2.8 grams of volatile salts, join in the solution of step 1, room temperature condition lower magnetic force stirs and makes Tripotassium Citrate and volatile salt fully dissolve and mix;
(3) the resulting mixed solution of step 2 is transferred in 50 milliliters of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining tanks, packs in stainless steel hydrothermal reaction kettle, put into baking oven, under 180 degrees Celsius, react 3 hours, obtain the brown solution that contains carbon quantum dot.
(4) dialysis tubing that solution step 3 being obtained is 500 through molecular weight cut-off is dialysed, and obtains the carbon quantum dot aqueous solution that ultraviolet excitation issues blue-fluorescence.
The photoluminescent property of the carbon quantum dot of this embodiment mono-preparation characterizes: with the ultraviolet lamp of wavelength 365 nanometers, carbon quantum dot aqueous sample is irradiated, can be observed obvious blue light, as shown in Figure 1, wherein A is sample photo under white light, B is that hand-held ultraviolet lamp 365 nano-ultraviolet lights irradiate lower fluorescent photo, with spectrophotofluorometer, obtain the photoluminescence spectrogram of carbon quantum dot and excite accordingly spectrogram, further proved is invented prepared carbon quantum dot and send blue-fluorescence under burst of ultraviolel, as shown in Figure 2, fluorescence spectrum (solid line, 360 nanometers excite, peak position is set to 447 nanometers) and corresponding excitation spectrum (dotted line, 447 nanometer transmittings, excitation spectrum peak position is set to 360 nanometers).
Embodiment bis-, prepare the carbon quantum dot that ultraviolet excitation issues blue-fluorescence:
(1) take 0.04 gram of Tripotassium Citrate is carbon source, adds in 20 ml waters and dissolves;
(2) take 0.3 gram of volatile salt, join in the solution of step 1, room temperature condition lower magnetic force stirs and makes Tripotassium Citrate and volatile salt fully dissolve and mix;
(3) the resulting mixed solution of step 2 is transferred in 50 milliliters of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining tanks, packs in stainless steel hydrothermal reaction kettle, put into baking oven, under 170 degrees Celsius, react 12 hours, obtain the solution that contains carbon quantum dot.
(4) dialysis tubing that solution step 3 being obtained is 4000 through molecular weight cut-off is dialysed and obtain launching the carbon quantum dot aqueous solution of blue light under the ultraviolet lamp of 365 nanometers.
Embodiment tri-, prepare the carbon quantum dot that ultraviolet excitation issues blue-fluorescence:
(1) take 0.4 gram of Trisodium Citrate is carbon source, adds in 20 ml waters and dissolves;
(2) take 1 gram of urea, join in the solution of step 1, room temperature condition lower magnetic force stirs and makes Trisodium Citrate and urea fully dissolve and mix;
(3) the resulting mixed solution of step 2 is transferred in 50 milliliters of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining tanks, packs in stainless steel hydrothermal reaction kettle, put into baking oven, under 150 degrees Celsius, react 24 hours, obtain the solution that contains carbon quantum dot.
(4) dialysis tubing that solution step 3 being obtained is 3000 through molecular weight cut-off is dialysed and obtain launching the carbon quantum dot aqueous solution of blue light under the ultraviolet lamp of 365 nanometers.
Embodiment tetra-, prepare the carbon quantum dot that ultraviolet excitation issues blue-fluorescence:
(1) take 0.04 gram of ammonium citrate is carbon source, adds in 20 ml waters and dissolves;
(2) take the ammoniacal liquor of 3 milliliter 30%, join in the solution of step 1, room temperature condition lower magnetic force stirs and makes ammonium citrate and ammoniacal liquor fully dissolve and mix;
(3) the resulting mixed solution of step 2 is transferred in 50 milliliters of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining tanks, packs in stainless steel hydrothermal reaction kettle, put into baking oven, under 200 degrees Celsius, react 2 hours, obtain the solution that contains carbon quantum dot.
(4) dialysis tubing that solution step 3 being obtained is 500 through molecular weight cut-off is dialysed and obtain launching the carbon quantum dot aqueous solution of blue light under the ultraviolet lamp of 365 nanometers.
Embodiment five, prepare the carbon quantum dot that ultraviolet excitation issues blue-fluorescence:
(1) take 0.04 gram of citric acid is carbon source, adds in 20 ml waters and dissolves;
(2) take 0.3 gram of volatile salt, join in the solution of step 1, room temperature condition lower magnetic force stirs and makes Trisodium Citrate and volatile salt fully dissolve and mix;
(3) the resulting mixed solution of step 2 is transferred in 50 milliliters of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining tanks, packs in stainless steel hydrothermal reaction kettle, put into baking oven, under 120 degrees Celsius, react 24 hours, obtain the solution that contains carbon quantum dot.
(4) dialysis tubing that solution step 3 being obtained is 3500 through molecular weight cut-off is dialysed and obtain launching the carbon quantum dot aqueous solution of blue light under the ultraviolet lamp of 365 nanometers.
Embodiment six, prepare the carbon quantum dot that ultraviolet excitation issues green fluorescence:
(1) take 0.4 gram of Trisodium Citrate is carbon source, adds in 20 ml waters and dissolves;
(2) take 3.2 grams of bicarbonate of ammonia, and 3 milliliters containing 30% aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, join in the solution of step 1, room temperature condition lower magnetic force stirs and makes Trisodium Citrate, and bicarbonate of ammonia and hydrogen peroxide fully dissolve and mix;
(3) the resulting mixed solution of step 2 is transferred in 50 milliliters of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining tanks, packs in stainless steel hydrothermal reaction kettle, put into baking oven, under 170 degrees Celsius, react 12 hours, obtain the yellow solution that contains carbon quantum dot.
(4) dialysis tubing that solution step 3 being obtained is 3000 through molecular weight cut-off is dialysed and is obtained the carbon quantum dot aqueous solution.
The photoluminescent property of the carbon quantum dot of the green-emitting fluorescence of these embodiment six preparations characterizes: with the ultraviolet lamp of wavelength 365 nanometers, carbon quantum dot aqueous sample is irradiated, can be observed obvious green glow, as Fig. 1, wherein C is sample photo under white light, and D is that hand-held ultraviolet lamp 365 nano-ultraviolet lights irradiate lower fluorescent photo; With spectrophotofluorometer, obtain the photoluminescence spectrogram of carbon quantum dot and excite accordingly spectrogram, further proved is invented prepared carbon quantum dot and send green fluorescence under burst of ultraviolel, as shown in Figure 3, fluorescence spectrum (solid line, 372 nanometers excite, peak position is set to 560 nanometers) and corresponding excitation spectrum (excitation spectrum peak position is set to 372 nanometers for dotted line, 560 nanometer transmittings)).
Embodiment seven, prepare the carbon quantum dot that ultraviolet excitation issues green fluorescence:
(1) take 0.4 gram of Tripotassium Citrate is carbon source, adds in 20 ml waters and dissolves;
(2) take 3 grams of urea, and 5 milliliters containing 30% aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, join in the solution of step 1, room temperature condition lower magnetic force stirs and makes Tripotassium Citrate, and urea and hydrogen peroxide fully dissolve and mix;
(3) the resulting mixed solution of step 2 is transferred in 50 milliliters of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining tanks, packs in stainless steel hydrothermal reaction kettle, put into baking oven, under 180 degrees Celsius, react 4 hours, obtain the solution that contains carbon quantum dot.
(4) dialysis tubing that solution step 3 being obtained is 10000 through molecular weight cut-off is dialysed and is obtained the carbon quantum dot aqueous solution of transmitting green light under the ultraviolet lamp of 365 nanometers.
Embodiment eight, prepare the carbon quantum dot that ultraviolet excitation issues green fluorescence:
(1) take 0.4 gram of ammonium citrate is carbon source, adds in 20 ml waters and dissolves;
(2) pipette the ammoniacal liquor of 3 milliliter 50%, and 10 milliliters containing 30% aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, join in the solution of step 1, room temperature condition lower magnetic force stirs and makes ammonium citrate, and ammoniacal liquor and hydrogen peroxide fully dissolve and mix;
(3) the resulting mixed solution of step 2 is transferred in 50 milliliters of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining tanks, packs in stainless steel hydrothermal reaction kettle, put into baking oven, under 170 degrees Celsius, react 12 hours, obtain the solution that contains carbon quantum dot.
(4) dialysis tubing that solution step 3 being obtained is 8000 through molecular weight cut-off is dialysed and is obtained the carbon quantum dot aqueous solution of transmitting green light under the ultraviolet lamp of 365 nanometers.
Embodiment nine, prepare the carbon quantum dot that ultraviolet excitation issues green fluorescence:
(1) take 2 grams of Trisodium Citrates is carbon source, adds in 20 ml waters and dissolves;
(2) take 3 grams of volatile salts, and 10 milliliters containing 30% aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, join in the solution of step 1, room temperature condition lower magnetic force stirs and makes Trisodium Citrate, and volatile salt and hydrogen peroxide fully dissolve and mix;
(3) the resulting mixed solution of step 2 is transferred in 50 milliliters of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining tanks, packs in stainless steel hydrothermal reaction kettle, put into 200 degrees Celsius, baking oven 2 hours, obtain the solution that contains carbon quantum dot.
(4) dialysis tubing that solution step 3 being obtained is 8000 through molecular weight cut-off is dialysed and is obtained the carbon quantum dot aqueous solution of transmitting green light under the ultraviolet lamp of 365 nanometers.
Embodiment ten, prepare the carbon quantum dot that ultraviolet excitation issues green fluorescence:
(1) take 0.4 gram of citric acid is carbon source, adds in 20 ml waters and dissolves;
(2) take 3 grams of urea, and 10 milliliters containing 30% aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, join in the solution of step 1, room temperature condition lower magnetic force stirs and makes Trisodium Citrate, and urea and hydrogen peroxide fully dissolve and mix;
(3) the resulting mixed solution of step 2 is transferred in 50 milliliters of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining tanks, packs in stainless steel hydrothermal reaction kettle, put under 160 degrees Celsius, baking oven, react 24 hours, obtain the solution that contains carbon quantum dot.
(4) dialysis tubing that solution step 3 being obtained is 100 through molecular weight cut-off is dialysed and is obtained the carbon quantum dot aqueous solution of transmitting green light under the ultraviolet lamp of 365 nanometers.
Embodiment 11, prepare the carbon quantum dot that ultraviolet excitation issues green fluorescence:
(1) take 0.4 gram of Trisodium Citrate is carbon source, adds in 20 ml waters and dissolves;
(2) take 2.8 grams of bicarbonate of ammonia, join in the solution of step 1, room temperature condition lower magnetic force stirs and makes Trisodium Citrate and bicarbonate of ammonia fully dissolve and mix;
(3) the resulting mixed solution of step 2 is transferred in 50 milliliters of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining tanks, packs in stainless steel hydrothermal reaction kettle, put into baking oven, under 180 degrees Celsius, react 3 hours, obtain brown solution.
(4) pipette 3 milliliters of aqueous hydrogen peroxide solutions containing 30% and join obtaining in solution of step 3, room temperature condition lower magnetic force stirs and makes to mix.
(5) the resulting mixed solution of step 4 is transferred in 50 milliliters of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining tanks, packs in stainless steel hydrothermal reaction kettle, put into baking oven, under 180 degrees Celsius, react 3 hours, obtain pale yellow solution.
(6) dialysis tubing that solution step 5 being obtained is 500 through molecular weight cut-off is dialysed and is obtained the carbon quantum dot aqueous solution.
The ultraviolet excitation of the present embodiment 11 preparations issues the carbon quantum dot light photoluminescence property representation of green fluorescence: with the ultraviolet lamp of wavelength 365 nanometers, carbon quantum dot aqueous sample is irradiated, can be observed obvious green glow, as shown in Figure 1, wherein E is sample photo under white light, and F is that hand-held ultraviolet lamp 365 nano-ultraviolet lights irradiate lower fluorescent photo; With spectrophotofluorometer, obtain the photoluminescence spectrogram of carbon quantum dot and excite accordingly spectrogram, further proved is invented prepared carbon quantum dot and send green fluorescence under burst of ultraviolel, as shown in Figure 4, fluorescence spectrum (solid line, 413 nanometers excite, peak position is set to 563 nanometers) and corresponding excitation spectrum (excitation spectrum peak position is set to 413 nanometers for dotted line, 563 nanometer transmittings).
Embodiment 12, prepare the carbon quantum dot that ultraviolet excitation issues green fluorescence:
(1) take 2 grams of Tripotassium Citrates is carbon source, adds in 20 ml waters and dissolves;
(2) take 3 grams of urea, join in the solution of step 1, room temperature condition lower magnetic force stirs and makes Tripotassium Citrate and urea fully dissolve and mix;
(3) the resulting mixed solution of step 2 is transferred in 50 milliliters of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining tanks, packs in stainless steel hydrothermal reaction kettle, put into 180 degrees Celsius, baking oven 5 hours, obtain brown solution.
(4) pipette 5 milliliters of aqueous hydrogen peroxide solutions containing 30% and join obtaining in solution of step 3, room temperature condition lower magnetic force stirs and makes to mix.
(5) the resulting mixed solution of step 4 is transferred in 50 milliliters of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining tanks, packs in stainless steel hydrothermal reaction kettle, put into baking oven, under 180 degrees Celsius, react 3 hours, obtain pale yellow solution.
(6) dialysis tubing that solution step 5 being obtained is 500 through molecular weight cut-off is dialysed and is obtained the carbon quantum dot aqueous solution of transmitting green light under the ultraviolet lamp of 365 nanometers.
Embodiment 13, prepare the carbon quantum dot that ultraviolet excitation issues green fluorescence:
(1) take 2 grams of ammonium citrates is carbon source, adds in 20 ml waters and dissolves;
(2) pipette the ammoniacal liquor of 3 milliliter 50%, join in the solution of step 1, room temperature condition lower magnetic force stirs and makes ammonium citrate and ammoniacal liquor fully dissolve and mix;
(3) the resulting mixed solution of step 2 is transferred in 50 milliliters of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining tanks, packs in stainless steel hydrothermal reaction kettle, put into baking oven, under 150 degrees Celsius, react 24 hours, obtain brown solution.
(4) pipette 5 milliliters of aqueous hydrogen peroxide solutions containing 30% and join obtaining in solution of step 3, room temperature condition lower magnetic force stirs and makes to mix.
(5) the resulting mixed solution of step 4 is transferred in 50 milliliters of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining tanks, packs in stainless steel hydrothermal reaction kettle, put into baking oven, under 190 degrees Celsius, react 2 hours, obtain pale yellow solution.
(6) dialysis tubing that solution step 5 being obtained is 5000 through molecular weight cut-off is dialysed and is obtained the carbon quantum dot aqueous solution of transmitting green light under the ultraviolet lamp of 365 nanometers.
Embodiment 14, prepare the carbon quantum dot that ultraviolet excitation issues green fluorescence:
(1) take 2 grams of citric acids is carbon source, adds in 20 ml waters and dissolves;
(2) take 3 grams of urea, join in the solution of step 1, room temperature condition lower magnetic force stirs and makes Trisodium Citrate and urea fully dissolve and mix;
(3) the resulting mixed solution of step 2 is transferred in 50 milliliters of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining tanks, packs in stainless steel hydrothermal reaction kettle, put into baking oven, under 160 degrees Celsius, react 10 hours, obtain brown solution.
(4) pipette 10 milliliters of aqueous hydrogen peroxide solutions containing 30% and join obtaining in solution of step 3, room temperature condition lower magnetic force stirs and makes to mix.
(5) the resulting mixed solution of step 4 is transferred in 50 milliliters of polytetrafluoroethyllining lining tanks, packs in stainless steel hydrothermal reaction kettle, put into baking oven, under 180 degrees Celsius, react 4 hours, obtain pale yellow solution.
(6) dialysis tubing that solution step 5 being obtained is 1000 through molecular weight cut-off is dialysed and is obtained the carbon quantum dot aqueous solution of transmitting green light under the ultraviolet lamp of 365 nanometers.
Application example: the viable cell imaging applications of blueness or green fluorescence carbon quantum dot:
(1) s is inoculated in culture dish of the quartzy end, in 37 degrees Celsius, 5% CO2gas incubator, cultivates;
(2) after cell attachment, suck original fluid, join respectively and contain in example one, six of the present invention, 11 bluenesss of preparation or three substratum of green fluorescence carbon quantum dot, at 37 degrees Celsius, gas concentration lwevel is in 5% incubator, to hatch altogether 24 hours;
(3) take out culture dish, by phosphate buffered saline buffer buffer solution for cleaning, fall nutrient solution, use the phosphate buffered saline buffer damping fluid fixed cell of paraformaldehyde;
(4) under inverted fluorescence microscope, observe carbon quantum dot to Hela cell marking situation, as shown in Figure 5, wherein A, B are the shows fluorescent microscopy images of the quantum dot-labeled Hela cell of blue-fluorescence carbon that obtains of embodiment mono-, A is cell pattern under halogen light, and B is cell fluorescence figure under mercury lamp UV-irradiation; C, D are the shows fluorescent microscopy images of the quantum dot-labeled Hela cell of blue-fluorescence carbon that obtains of example six, and C is cell pattern under halogen light, and D is cell fluorescence figure under mercury lamp blue light illumination; E, F are the shows fluorescent microscopy images of the quantum dot-labeled Hela cell of blue-fluorescence carbon that obtains of example 11, and E is cell pattern under halogen light, and F is cell fluorescence figure under mercury lamp blue light illumination.