CN103659167A - Pipe fitting machining method - Google Patents
Pipe fitting machining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103659167A CN103659167A CN201210335802.9A CN201210335802A CN103659167A CN 103659167 A CN103659167 A CN 103659167A CN 201210335802 A CN201210335802 A CN 201210335802A CN 103659167 A CN103659167 A CN 103659167A
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- pipe
- core
- ozzle
- pipeline section
- pipe fitting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L43/00—Bends; Siphons
- F16L43/001—Bends; Siphons made of metal
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a pipe fitting machining method used for manufacturing a heat pipe section of a main pipeline of a nuclear power station. The pipe fitting machining method comprises the following steps that a pipe blank is manufactured, and the length of the pipe blank is made horizontally symmetrical; pre-compensation is conducted on the pipe blank; the pipe blank formed after pre-compensation is preheated; a bending forming mold is used for conducting one-off press bending forming on the processed pipe blank, so that a pipe fitting is manufactured; the pipe fitting formed after bending forming is machined; solid solution heat treatment is conducted on the machined pipe fitting, and a finished product is manufactured through finish machining finally. By means of the pipe fitting machining method which is a machining method for a nearly-formed pipe fitting, a 100% qualified bent pipe product can be obtained; besides, the process is short, energy consumption is low, mold investment is small, the structure is reasonable, and operation is simple.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pipe fitting manufacture field, in particular to a kind of pipe processing method for a bent into shape of main nuclear power pipeline heat pipe section.
Background technology
In pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant, main pipeline is one of seven large key equipments in nuclear island, is described as the sustainer of nuclear power station.Main pipeline has connected reactor pressure vessel, steam generator and reactor coolant pump.Main pipeline has adopted the pipe fitting processing of solid forging 316LN in design first, does not have weld seam.Wherein, the machine-shaping of the main pipeline heat pipe section of AP1000 and CAP1400 is the difficult point in difficult point.
Domestic existing forming technique comprises hot pressing bent pipe forming technology and the bent pipe forming technology of colding pressing.
Described hot pressing bent pipe forming technology refers to pipe preprocessing to certain size, integral body is heated to more than 950 ℃, adopt bending die moulding, bending die is combined into a set of mould by three kinds of patrixes, a counterdie, there is no inner core die system, whole process need heats several times repeatedly, the later stage also need additional heating shaping process with guarantee pipe fitting size, ovality, thicken the technical parameters such as rate, reduction, finally carry out solution treatment and fine finishining.Process route is: pipe preprocessing-heating-repeatedly bending-heating-shaping pipe fitting-machined-solution treatment-fine finishining repeatedly.
Its shortcoming is: can not realize newly net forming; The incidence of plastic instability is high; Without inner core die system, it is 1.5-2 times of reduction that interior segmental arc thickens rate, easily produces fold; Curved rear machined more complicated; Pipe fitting is heated to more than 950 ℃ repeatedly, expends the energy, easily causes grain growth; Mold system more complicated, manufacturing cost is high, and long flow path does not meet green manufacturing theory.
The described bent pipe forming technology of colding pressing is to certain size by pipe preprocessing, at ambient temperature, adopt molding die, the complete envelope pipe of upper and lower mould, adopts many inner core die systems, inner core die covers the space of pipe interior 95%, bend pipe needs larger power-equipment, and the angle of die is a fixed value, needs accurately to estimate after curved rear spring back angle and heat treatment spring back angle, determine the angle of die, after moulding, carry out machined, solution treatment and fine finishining.Pipe fitting processing route is: prefabricated pipe-bending-machined-solution treatment-fine finishining;
Its shortcoming: brake forming technical parameter is difficult to guarantee; During flexural deformation, be easy to occur crackle; Die pressing bending pipe outer arc segments attenuate trend is more obvious; The huge manufacturing cost of mould is higher, and core system is many, and efficiency is low, is difficult to dismounting after curved; Need to be compared with great tonnage press, cost is high, energy consumption is high.
Therefore, need to improve the bent tube technique of main nuclear power pipeline heat pipe section, to improve yield rate, save the energy, facilitate core dismounting, can realize newly net forming, be the technical problem that those skilled in the art need solution badly.
Summary of the invention
For solve the problems of the technologies described above or one of, the invention provides a kind of new pipe processing method, solved above-mentioned technical problem, improved the yield rate of pipe fitting processing, can realize very bend pipe qualified products, and save the energy, reduce costs, raise the efficiency.
In view of this, the invention provides a kind ofly in order to manufacture the pipe processing method of nuclear power station main pipeline heat pipe section, comprise the following steps:
In this technical scheme, make the length of pipe symmetrical, while having guaranteed bend pipe, the angle of bend at pipe two ends is symmetrical.Pipe precompensation is processed, for later stage bend pipe, made qualified finished product and lay a good foundation, optimize appearance and size tolerance, reduction after bend pipe, thicken rate etc.A bent into shape is the key link of this processing method, brake forming mould directly guaranteed pipe fitting appearance and size tolerance, angle, reduction, thicken the locus of rate, ovality, ozzle.Solution treatment has improved plasticity, toughness and the corrosion resistance of material.A whole set of pipe processing method connects each other, makes finished product meet every specification requirements, has saved cost, has reduced energy consumption, has improved stability and the yield rate of moulding.
In technique scheme, preferably, between described step 102 and step 104, also comprise step 103, the described pipe after precompensation is processed is carried out to the pre-heat treatment.
In this technical scheme, the pre-heat treatment, has eliminated the work hardening of pipe inside, has improved the processability of pipe, and the security that has improved bend pipe, has avoided occurring the phenomenons such as crackle.
In technique scheme, preferably, described pipe in described step 101, comprise the first ozzle, the second ozzle, the first pipeline section, the second pipeline section and the 3rd pipeline section, described the first nozzle set is on described the first pipeline section, and described the second nozzle set is on described the second pipeline section, and described the 3rd pipeline section is between described the first pipeline section and described the second pipeline section, and described pipe is made after finished product: described the first pipeline section and the second pipeline section are straight length, and described the 3rd pipeline section is bend loss.
The given pipe processing method of the present invention is specially adapted to process above-mentioned pipe, for the manufacture of the pipe of main nuclear power pipeline heat pipe section.
In technique scheme, preferably, the described precompensation in described step 102 is processed and is comprised that the angle of described the first ozzle center line and described the second ozzle centreline space reduces in advance; The external diameter of described the 3rd pipeline section increases in advance; The pre-attenuate of described the 3rd pipeline section madial wall, lateral wall thicken in advance; The axial distance of described the first ozzle center line to the axial distance of described the 3rd pipeline section one end and described the second ozzle center line to described the 3rd pipeline section other end all reduces in advance.
In this technical scheme, specifically provide position and the compensation direction of precompensation in step 102.Pipe is processed through precompensation, has eliminated the unfavorable factor of bend pipe plastic deformation, has reduced the difficulty of follow-up Tube Bending Deformation, has guaranteed the technical parameter of forming elbow, and bend pipe yield rate is brought up to 100%.
In technique scheme, preferably, the described the pre-heat treatment in described step 103 comprises the solution heat treatment that is heated to the stress-removal heat treatment of 500 ℃-700 ℃ or is heated to 1000 ℃-1150 ℃.
The pre-heat treatment, temperature should not be too high, as long as can eliminate stress.After processing, improved plasticity and the toughness of pipe, the plastic instability phenomenon such as guaranteed not crack when crooked.
In technique scheme, preferably, the described brake forming mould in described step 104 comprises: split type top die, composite core formwork and bed die, and described bed die comprises two habitual abortions, two movable axis, two pillars and base; Described base is supported on ground, and described in two, pillar is fixed on described base, and described in two, props up the distance capable of regulating of intercolumniation; Described in two, movable axis is installed in rotation on respectively in the axial trough on pillar top described in two, described in two habitual abortion be installed in rotation on two respectively described on movable axis, described pipe is contained in the tube seat of habitual abortion described in two, by habitual abortion described in two, is being supported; Described composite core formwork is placed in the centre bore of described pipe bending section, is provided with described split type top die on the top of described pipe bending section; Described split type top die is exerted pressure to described pipe, and described habitual abortion is rotated with the bending of described pipe by described movable axis.
In this technical scheme, pillar is split type being fixedly connected with base, and the position capable of regulating of post on base, thereby can guarantee under base strength condition, change the distance between two lateral braces, with realize habitual abortion wheelbase from adjustable, adapt to bend test and production requirement under different condition, improve pipe brake forming quality.Habitual abortion is connected with described movable axis with pillar, and it is consistent that movable axis makes in pipe bending deformation process habitual abortion and split type top die rotational synchronization and both sides habitual abortion rotate, and reduced the degree of local buckling, guaranteed crudy.The intensity of movable axis, machining accuracy and lubricated easily realization, thus the rotation precision of habitual abortion improved, guarantee brake forming quality.Composite core formwork delicate structure, lightweight, easy to operate, installs, location is convenient, dismounting is simple, can be in pipe self adaptation, along with the intensity of material is different, can adjust the distance between composite core formwork, can not cause impression in pipe, guarantee carrying out smoothly of press-bending process.Split type top die is for convenience detach, time saving and energy saving, control accuracy is high, has guaranteed carrying out smoothly and crudy of press-bending process.
In technique scheme, preferably, described composite core formwork is positioned in the centre bore of described pipe, comprise separately independently core mould, the first other core, the second other core, the first ozzle supports core and the second ozzle supports core, wherein, the described first other core and the second other core symmetry are placed on the both sides of described core mould, the center line of described core mould overlaps with the elastic line of the bending section of described pipe, described the first ozzle supports core and described the second ozzle support core is placed on respectively in the described first ozzle place of described pipe and the centre bore of described the second ozzle.
In this technical scheme, independently composite core formwork makes mould install, dismantle simple separately.The placement location of core mould, the first other core and the second other core, has guaranteed that pipe bending section arc length is effectively supported, thereby has guaranteed pipe brake forming.The first ozzle supports core and the second ozzle supports the part ellipseization phenomenon that ozzle outside could be avoided or reduce to core, has guaranteed the formed precision at pipe ozzle place.
In technique scheme, preferably, the described first other core is identical with the second other core mold structure, and it is identical with described the second ozzle supporting-core mode structure that described the first ozzle supports core; Described core mould, the first other core, the second other core, the first ozzle supports core and the second ozzle supports core, the column that includes top board, base plate and connect described top board and base plate, described top board Height Adjustable; The two ends of the described top board of described core mould can coordinate by tongue-and-groove with one end of the described first other core top board and one end of the described second other core top board, and the two ends of the described base plate of described core mould can coordinate by tongue-and-groove with one end of the described first other core base plate and one end of the described second other core base plate; The length of adjacent described core mould one side of described top board of the described first other core and the second other core is greater than the length of its column opposite side, and the length of adjacent described core mould one side of described base plate of the described first other core and the second other core is less than the length of its column opposite side; Described core mould, the first other core, the second other core, the first ozzle support the part that upper surface that core and the second ozzle support the described top board of core is the face of cylinder of matching with centre bore described in described pipe, and the radius on the described face of cylinder is less than the radius of centre bore described in described pipe; The lower surface of the described base plate of described core mould, the first other core, the second other core is take the part of the sphere that described pipe bending radius is radius; Described the first ozzle supports the part that lower surface that core and the second ozzle support the described base plate of core is the face of cylinder of matching with centre bore described in described pipe.
In this technical scheme, use the identical core of structure, simplified design, reduced production cost, make fitting operation simpler, be convenient to change.The column of top board, base plate and connection top board and base plate can provide large support force, the effect that composite core formwork is played and support pipe, suppresses ellipseization of pipe.Top board height is adjustable, can facilitate the installation and removal of each core.Adopt tongue-and-groove fit structure, make each core combination with separated simple and convenient, composite core formwork can be adapted fitting part automatic according to the variation of pipe bending and pipe, both played a supporting role, guaranteed again the moulding of pipe.The length of adjacent core mould one side of top board of the other core of employing first and the second other core is greater than the length of its column opposite side, the length of adjacent core mould one side of base plate of the first other core and the second other core is less than the length structure scheme of its column opposite side, in bend pipe process, top board and base plate, guaranteeing the hands-off while of space, are brought into play the moulding effect to pipe bending section fully.The top board of each core and the shape of base plate, can match with the bending section of pipe, thereby guarantee the shape of crooked rear pipe flexure plane; The radius of curvature of top board is slightly less than the radius of curvature of pipe, can make forming elbow latter stage, and the tube wall place that the two ends of each core contact with pipe can not produce impression.Adopt said structure scheme, make core mould, the first other core, the second other core in holding voluble state, be convenient in bend pipe process, for above-mentioned core provides normal turning moment, to have guaranteed pipe fitting bending section precise forming.
In technique scheme, preferably, the described machined in described step 105 comprises the machined that the ozzle on described pipe fitting is carried out and the straight length of described pipe fitting is carried out to machined.
Like this, can make pipe fitting reach designing requirement.
In technique scheme, preferably, described solution heat treatment in described step 106, comprise and carbide is dissolved described pipe heating to 1000 ℃-1150 ℃, then in three minutes, again the temperature of described pipe fitting is reduced to 427 ℃, the heat treated distortion of controlled system, obtaining structure is single-phase austenitic pipe fitting.
Like this, can improve plasticity and the corrosion resistance of described pipe fitting, make described pipe fitting more durable.
In technique scheme, preferably, the fine finishining in described step 107, comprises the fine finishining of ozzle and the polishing of pipe fitting, to reach the fineness of designing requirement.
In sum, provided by the invention for once the bend pipe processing method of newly net forming of pipe fitting bending, creatively precompensation processing, heat treatment, press-bending are combined cleverly, difficult point is solved by precompensation in advance, adopt and first pipe is carried out to pre-compensation, then pipe is carried out to the pre-heat treatment, use afterwards proprietary mold system press-bending pipe, finally, to pipe fitting machined, solution treatment and accurately machined pipe processing method, realize very bend pipe qualified products.Flow process of the present invention is short, low energy consumption, mould small investment, rational in infrastructure, simple to operate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is according to the FB(flow block) of an embodiment of pipe processing method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram in original state while adopting pipe processing method processing pipe of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of processing pipe state in process shown in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the composite core formwork in Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the bed die in Fig. 2;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the pipe in Fig. 2;
Fig. 7 carries out to pipe the structural representation that precompensation is processed rear described pipe one embodiment;
Fig. 8 carries out to pipe the structural representation that precompensation is processed rear described another embodiment of pipe;
Fig. 9 carries out to pipe the structural representation that precompensation is processed the rear another embodiment of described pipe;
Figure 10 is brake forming mould major parameter schematic diagram.
Wherein, in Fig. 2 to Fig. 9, the corresponding relation between Reference numeral and component names is:
1 split type top die, 2 pipes, 3 habitual abortions, 4 movable axis, 5 pillars, 6 bases,
7 first ozzles support core, 8 first other cores, and 9 core moulds, 10 second other cores,
11 second ozzles support core, 12 top boards, and 13 columns, 14 base plates, 15 first pipeline sections,
16 first ozzles, 17 the 3rd pipeline sections, 18 second ozzles, 19 second pipeline sections.
The specific embodiment
In order more clearly to understand above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further described in detail.
A lot of details have been set forth in the following description so that fully understand the present invention; but; the present invention can also adopt other to be different from other modes described here and implement, and therefore, protection scope of the present invention is not subject to the restriction of following public specific embodiment.
Fig. 1 is according to the FB(flow block) of pipe processing method one embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the invention provides a kind ofly in order to manufacture the pipe processing method of nuclear power station main pipeline heat pipe section, comprise the following steps:
In this technical scheme, make the length of pipe 2 symmetrical, while guaranteeing bend pipe, the angle of bend at pipe 2 two ends is symmetrical.
Because the amount of machining of pipe 2 before crooked is larger, the hardenability value of material is higher, increase along with deflection, inner work hardening is more serious, and the yield strength of material, tensile strength and hardness all improve very large, have reduced the plasticity of material, the yield tensile ratio σ 0.2/ σ b of material is also along with raising, along with the mouldability of the increase material of cold deformation becomes very poor, need to heat-treat pipe 2, make its plasticity meet the deformation extent of bend pipe requirement.The pre-heat treatment has improved the processability of pipe 2, and the security that has improved bend pipe avoids occurring crackle etc.
A bent into shape is the key link of this method, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, brake forming mould directly guaranteed pipe 2 appearance and size tolerance, angle, reduction, thicken rate, ovality; Brake forming mould structure is simple, and it is convenient to install, locate, convenient disassembly, and safe and reliable, cost is low, more flexible, can adjust for different press-bending radiuses.
Machined, by the relative tertiary location of measuring requirement and find several mouths of pipe; Solution treatment, has improved plasticity, toughness and the corrosion resistance of tube material; Fine finishining, carries out reconditioning to making indivedual places of pipe fitting, further meets the needs of product design.
Each step of above-mentioned a whole set of pipe processing method connects each other, makes finished product meet every specification requirements, has saved cost, has reduced energy consumption, has improved stability and the yield rate of moulding.
To sum up, above-mentioned pipe processing method, creatively combines precompensation processing, heat treatment, press-bending cleverly, and difficult point is solved by precompensation in advance, and a whole set of pipe processing method has improved the yield rate of bend pipe, can realize very bend pipe qualified products.Flow process of the present invention is short, low energy consumption, mould small investment, rational in infrastructure, simple to operate.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 6, pipe 2 in step 101, comprise that the first ozzle 16, the second ozzle 18, the first pipeline section 15, the second pipeline section 19 and the 3rd pipeline section 17, the first ozzles 16 are arranged on the first pipeline section 15, the second ozzle 18 is arranged on the second pipeline section 19, the 3rd pipeline section 17 is between the first pipeline section 15 and the second pipeline section 19, and pipe 2 is made after finished product: as shown in Figure 3, the first pipeline section 15 and the second pipeline section 19 are straight length, and the 3rd pipeline section 17 is bend loss.
The given pipe processing method of the present invention is specially adapted to the processing of above-mentioned pipe 2, for the manufacture of the processing of main nuclear power pipeline heat pipe section pipe 2.
Preferably, the precompensation in step 102 is processed and is comprised that the angle of the first ozzle 16 center lines and the second ozzle 18 centreline spaces reduces in advance; The external diameter of the 3rd pipeline section 17 increases in advance; The pre-attenuate of the 3rd pipeline section 17 madial wall, lateral wall thicken in advance; The axial distance of the axial distance of first ozzle 16 center line to the three pipeline section 17 one end and second ozzle 18 center line to the three pipeline section 17 other ends all reduces in advance.
In this embodiment, specifically provide position and the compensation direction of precompensation in step 102.The precompensation of pipe 2 is processed, and the pipe 2 that is about to two ends symmetry carries out preprocessing, and the wall thickness of buildup area is increased progressively gradually mind-set both sides from bend, and on the contrary, the wall thickness of thinning area successively decreases gradually mind-set both sides from bend, and realizes precompensation wall thickness.Compensation rate is controlled according to the trend of attenuate under flexure temperature, and the compensation rate under general cold conditions is little, and it is large that hot compensation rate is wanted; Precompensation is processed the unfavorable factor of having eliminated bend pipe plastic deformation, has reduced the difficulty of follow-up Tube Bending Deformation, has guaranteed the technical parameter of forming elbow, and bend pipe yield rate is brought up to 100%.Those skilled in the art will be appreciated that; Wherein, the pre-attenuate of the 3rd pipeline section 17 madial wall, lateral wall thicken in advance, can be the inside pipe wall processing to pipe 2, can be also the processing of pipe outer wall, can also be other processing modes.
In the above-described embodiments, preferably, the pre-heat treatment in step 103 comprises the solution heat treatment that is heated to the stress-removal heat treatment of 500-700 ℃ or is heated to 1000 ℃-1150 ℃.
In this technical scheme, temperature should not be too high, as long as can eliminate stress.After processing, improve plasticity and the toughness of pipe 2, guaranteed the plastic instabilities such as pipe 2 does not crack when crooked.
In the above-described embodiments, as shown in Figures 2 to 5, the brake forming mould in step 104 comprises: split type top die 1, composite core formwork and bed die, and described bed die comprises two habitual abortions 3, two movable axis 4, two pillars 5 and base 6; Base 6 is supported on ground, and two pillars 5 are fixed on base 6, and the distance capable of regulating of 5, two pillars; Two movable axis 4 are installed in rotation on respectively in the axial trough on two pillar 5 tops, and two habitual abortions 3 are installed in rotation on respectively on two movable axis 4, and pipe 2 is contained in the tube seat of two habitual abortions 3, by two habitual abortions 3, is being supported; Composite core formwork is placed in the centre bore of pipe 2 bending sections, on the top of pipe 2 bending sections, is provided with split type top die 1; During 1 pair of pipe 2 of split type top die, exert pressure, habitual abortion 3 is rotated with the bending of pipe 2 by movable axis 4.
In this technical scheme, adopt the bent into shape of habitual abortion 3 guiding, by split type top die 1, press down and overcome material bending resistance of deformation institute work (∑ WB) and must be more than or equal to and overcome habitual abortion 3 outside resisting moment institute works (∑ WK) and realize brake forming.Brake forming mould structure is simple, but intensity is higher, and its major parameter as shown in figure 10, comprises press-bending radius R, wheelbase D, the high y of axle, press-bending angle a, habitual abortion 3 length x, pipe 2 radius r.Regularly, emphasis mates press-bending wheelbase D, the high y of axle to angle one, controls the pressure of direction, distance and the press of pipe 2 slips, and the wheelbase that makes to bend is greater than threshold shaft distance.In brake forming process, top die applies crooked power, controls camber line profile and the angle of bend of segmental arc in bending section; Pipe 2 slides along habitual abortion 3, can alleviate the attenuate of bend pipe outer arc segments, controls the transition of deformed area and straightway; The ovality of deformed area and the camber line profile of outer arc segments are controlled in composite core formwork synergy, the thickening and fold of ellipseization at ozzle place, interior segmental arc.
In brake forming process, split type top die 1 applies crooked power, controls camber line profile and the angle of bend of bending section in bending section.Split type top die 1 is conveniently torn open, time saving and energy saving, control accuracy is high, has guaranteed carrying out smoothly of press-bending process.
As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 5, pipe 2 slides along habitual abortion 3, can alleviate the attenuate of bend pipe outer arc segments, controls the transition of deformed area and straightway.Habitual abortion 3 is connected with pillar 5 use movable axis 4, and the machining accuracy of movable axis 4 easily guarantees, intensity and wearability also can improve the rotation precision of habitual abortion 3 by selecting good material to improve, and have guaranteed the quality of brake forming.
As shown in Figure 4, composite core formwork delicate structure, lightweight, easy to operate, can along with the intensity of material is different, can adjust the distance between axle in the interior self adaptation of pipe 2, has guaranteed carrying out smoothly of press-bending process.Composite core formwork directly contacts with pipe 2, and transmission of pressure has avoided combination inner core die to cause impression to pipe fitting.
Adopt split type top die 1, for convenience detach, time saving and energy saving, control accuracy is high, has guaranteed carrying out smoothly and crudy of press-bending process.
Preferably, composite core formwork, as shown in Figures 2 to 4, and be positioned in the centre bore of pipe 2, comprise that independently the other core 10 of the other core 8, second of core mould 9, first, the first ozzle support core 7 and the second ozzle support core 11 separately, wherein, the first other core 8 and the second other core 10 claim to be placed on the both sides of core mould 9, the center line of core mould 9 overlaps with the elastic line of the bending section of pipe 2, and the first ozzle supports core 7 and the second ozzle support core 11 is placed on respectively in the centre bore at pipe 2 bending section two side neck places.
In this technical scheme, above-mentioned separately independently composite core formwork make that mould is installed, dismounting is simple, the placement location of core mould the 9, first other core 8 and the second other core 10, has guaranteed pipe 2 bending section arc length, thereby has guaranteed pipe 2 brake formings.The first ozzle supports core 7 and the second ozzle supports the part ellipseization phenomenon that ozzle outside could be avoided or reduce to core 11, has guaranteed pipe 2 ozzle place formed precisions.
Further, the first other core 8 is identical with the second other core 10 structures, and it is identical with the second ozzle support core 11 structures that the first ozzle supports core 7; Core mould 9, the other core 10 of the first other core 8, second, the first ozzle supports core 7 and the second ozzle supports core 11, the column 13 that includes top board 12, base plate 14 and connect top board 12 and base plate 14, top board 12 Height Adjustable; The two ends of the top board 12 of core mould 9 can coordinate by tongue-and-groove with one end of one end of the top board 12 of the first other core 8 and the top board 12 of the second other core 10, and the two ends of the base plate 14 of core mould 9 can coordinate by tongue-and-groove with one end of one end of the base plate 14 of the first other core 8 and the base plate 14 of the second other core 10; The length of adjacent core mould 9 one sides of top board 12 of the first other core 8 and the second other core 10 is greater than the length of its column 13 opposite sides, and the length of adjacent core mould 9 one sides of base plate 14 of the first other core 8 and the second other core 10 is less than the length of its column 13 opposite sides; The upper surface of the top board 12 of the other core 10 of the other core 8, second of core mould 9, first, the first ozzle support core 7 and the second ozzle support core 11 is the part on the face of cylinder of matching with pipe 2 centre bores, and the radius on the face of cylinder is less than the radius of pipe 2 centre bores; The lower surface of the base plate 14 of core mould 9, the first other core 8, the second other core 10 is take the part of the sphere that pipe 2 bending radius are radius; The first ozzle supports the part that lower surface that core 7 and the second ozzle support the base plate 14 of core 11 is the face of cylinder of matching with pipe 2 centre bores.
In this technical scheme, use the identical core of structure, simplified design, reduced production cost, make fitting operation simpler, be convenient to change.
The column 13 of top board 12, base plate 14 and connection top board 12 and base plate 14 can provide large support force, the effect that composite core formwork is played and support pipe 2, suppresses pipe 2 ellipseization.Top board 12 is highly adjustable, and composite core formwork can be adapted fitting part automatic according to the variation of pipe 2 bendings and pipe 2, both plays a supporting role, and has guaranteed again the moulding of pipe fitting.
Adopt tongue-and-groove fit structure, make each core combination with separated simple and convenient, and can make composite core formwork adapt fitting part automatic according to the variation of pipe fitting bending and pipe 2, both played a supporting role, guaranteed again the moulding of pipe 2.
The length of adjacent core mould 9 one sides of top board 12 of the other core 8 of employing first and the second other core 10 is greater than the length of its column 13 opposite sides, the length of adjacent core mould 9 one sides of base plate 14 of the first other core 8 and the second other core 10 is less than the length structure scheme of its column 13 opposite sides, in bend pipe process, top board 12 guaranteeing the hands-off while of space, is brought into play the moulding effect to pipe fitting bending section with base plate 14 fully.Adopt said structure scheme, make other core the 8, the second other core 10 of core mould 9, first in holding voluble state, be convenient in bend pipe process, for above-mentioned core provides normal turning moment, to have guaranteed pipe 2 bending section precise forming.
The top board 12 of each core and the shape of base plate 14, can match with the bending section of pipe fitting 2, thereby guarantee the shape of crooked rear tubular member flexure plane; The radius of curvature of top board 12 is slightly less than the radius of curvature of pipe 2, can make forming elbow latter stage, and the tube wall place that the two ends of each core contact with pipe 2 can not produce impression.
In the above-described embodiments, preferably, the machined in step 105 comprises the machined that the ozzle on pipe fitting is carried out and the machined that the straight length of pipe fitting is carried out.
In this technical scheme, make locus and the follow-up machined of pipe fitting process of ozzle, to reach the designing requirement of product.
In the above-described embodiments, preferably, the solution heat treatment in step 106, comprises and carbide is dissolved pipe heating to 1000 ℃-1150 ℃, then in three minutes, again the temperature of pipe fitting is reduced to 427 ℃, obtaining structure is single-phase austenitic pipe fitting.
In this technical scheme, solution treatment has improved plasticity and the corrosion resistance of pipe fitting, makes pipe fitting more durable, in three minutes, again the temperature of pipe fitting is reduced to 427 ℃, the heat treated distortion of controlled system, and obtaining structure is single-phase austenitic pipe fitting.
In technique scheme, preferably, the fine finishining in step 107, comprises the fine finishining of ozzle and the polishing of body.
Like this, make pipe fitting can reach the fineness of drawing requirement.
In sum, provided by the invention for once the bend pipe processing method of newly net forming of pipe fitting bending, adopt first pipe through row pre-compensation, again pipe is carried out to the pre-heat treatment, use afterwards proprietary mold system press-bending pipe, finally, to pipe fitting machined, solution treatment and accurately machined pipe processing method, realize very bend pipe qualified products.Flow process of the present invention is short, low energy consumption, mould small investment, rational in infrastructure, simple to operate.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the embodiment of pipe processing method of the present invention is described:
Embodiment mono-:
Step 1, preparation size specification is the pipe of the TP316LN of Φ 965mm * 90mm * 6650mm, makes pipe length symmetrical.
The press-bending center of location pipe and mould, the location that comprises axial and circumferential, location inner core die is installed, after everything is ready, adopting press-bending speed is 30mm/s, BENDING PROCESS monitoring bend pipe stroke, bend pipe angle, forming force and mold system, 56.4 ° of curved rear design angles, make curved rear pipe appearance and size tolerance, angle, reduction, thicken rate, ovality etc. and all meet the demands.After bend pipe, Fig. 3 is shown in by schematic diagram.
Finally, ozzle and body are carried out to fine finishining, make the qualified production tube of AP1000 main pipeline heat pipe section.
Embodiment bis-:
Step 1, preparation size specification is the pipe of the TP316LN of Φ 965mm * 90mm * 6650mm, makes pipe length symmetrical.
The press-bending center of location pipe and mould, the location that comprises axial and circumferential, location inner core die is installed, after everything is ready, adopting press-bending speed is 20mm/s, BENDING PROCESS monitoring bend pipe stroke, bend pipe angle, forming force and mold system, curved rear design angle is 56.4 °, make curved rear pipe appearance and size tolerance, angle, reduction, thicken rate, ovality etc. and all meet the demands.After bend pipe, Fig. 3 is shown in by schematic diagram.
Finally, ozzle and body are carried out to fine finishining, make the qualified production tube of AP1000 main pipeline heat pipe section.
Embodiment tri-:
Step 1, preparation size specification is the pipe of the TP316LN of Φ 1100mm * 100mm * 7000mm, makes pipe length symmetrical.
The press-bending center of location pipe and mould, the location that comprises axial and circumferential, location inner core die is installed, after everything is ready, adopting press-bending speed is 13mm/s, BENDING PROCESS monitoring bend pipe stroke, bend pipe angle, forming force and mold system, curved rear design angle is 56.4 °, make curved rear pipe appearance and size tolerance, angle, reduction, thicken rate, ovality etc. and all meet the demands.After bend pipe, Fig. 3 is shown in by schematic diagram.
Finally, ozzle and body are carried out to fine finishining, make the qualified production tube of CAP1400 main pipeline heat pipe section.
The processing method that the present invention provides belongs to green manufacturing, and by modeling and simulating optimal design, optimize pipe fitting machined parameters early stage, saves cost; Can realize newly net forming, avoid the machined of follow-up complexity, shorten pipe fitting work flow, realize high efficiency; Lightweight mould structure to greatest extent; Reduce energy consumption, reduced the requirement to power-equipment, belonged to the new pipe processing method of green flow process; Utilize the present invention can make the wall thickness of forming elbow thicken the 5%-11.7% that attenuate amount is not more than nominal wall thickness; The ovality of forming elbow can control in 4%; AP1000 main pipeline heat pipe section bend pipe angle can control within the scope of 56.4 ± 1 °.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a pipe processing method, in order to manufacture the heat pipe section of nuclear power station main pipeline, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 101, prepares pipe (2), makes the length of described pipe (2) symmetrical;
Step 102, carries out precompensation processing to described pipe (2);
Step 104, adopts brake forming mould to carry out bent into shape one time to the described pipe (2) after above-mentioned steps is processed, and makes pipe fitting;
Step 105, carries out machined to the described pipe fitting after brake forming;
Step 106, carries out solution heat treatment to the described pipe fitting after machined;
Step 107, carries out fine finishining to the described pipe fitting after solution heat treatment, makes qualified production tube.
2. pipe processing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, between described step 102 and step 104, also comprises step 103, and the described pipe (2) after precompensation is processed is carried out to the pre-heat treatment.
3. pipe processing method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described pipe (2) in described step 101, comprise the first ozzle (16), the second ozzle (18), the first pipeline section (15), the second pipeline section (19) and the 3rd pipeline section (17), described the first ozzle (16) is arranged on described the first pipeline section (15), described the second ozzle (18) is arranged on described the second pipeline section (19), described the 3rd pipeline section (17) is positioned between described the first pipeline section (15) and described the second pipeline section (19), and described pipe (2) is made after finished product: described the first pipeline section (15) and the second pipe (19) section are straight length, described the 3rd pipeline section (17) is bend loss.
4. pipe processing method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the described precompensation in described step 102 is processed and comprised that the angle of described the first ozzle (16) center line and described the second ozzle (18) centreline space reduces in advance; The external diameter of described the 3rd pipeline section (17) increases in advance; The pre-attenuate of described the 3rd pipeline section (17) madial wall, lateral wall thicken in advance; The axial distance of described the first ozzle (16) center line to the axial distance of described the 3rd pipeline section (17) one end and described the second ozzle (18) center line to described the 3rd pipeline section (17) other end all reduces in advance.
5. pipe processing method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the described the pre-heat treatment in described step 103 comprises the solution heat treatment that is heated to the stress-removal heat treatment of 500 ℃-700 ℃ or is heated to 1000 ℃-1150 ℃.
6. pipe processing method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described brake forming mould in described step 104 comprises: split type top die (1), composite core formwork and bed die, and described bed die comprises two habitual abortions (3), two movable axis (4), two pillars (5) and base (6); Described base (6) is supported on ground, and it is upper that pillar described in two (5) is fixed on described base (6), and the distance capable of regulating between pillar (5) described in two; Movable axis described in two (4) is installed in rotation on respectively in the axial trough on pillar described in two (5) top, habitual abortion described in two (3) be installed in rotation on two respectively described on movable axis (4), described pipe (2) is contained in the tube seat of habitual abortion described in two (3), by habitual abortion described in two (3), is being supported; Described composite core formwork is placed in the centre bore of described pipe (2) bending section, on the top of described pipe (2) bending section, is provided with described split type top die (1); Described split type top die (1) is exerted pressure to described pipe (2), and described habitual abortion (3) is rotated with the bending of described pipe (2) by described movable axis (4).
7. pipe processing method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described composite core formwork, be positioned in the centre bore of described pipe (2), comprise separately independently core mould (9), the first other core (8), the second other core (10), the first ozzle supports core (7) and the second ozzle supports core (11), wherein, the described first other core (8) and the second other core (10) symmetry are placed on the both sides of described core mould (9), the center line of described core mould (9) overlaps with the elastic line of the bending section of described pipe (2), in the centre bore that described the first ozzle (16) that described the first ozzle support core (7) and described the second ozzle support core (11) are placed on respectively described pipe (2) is located to locate with described the second ozzle (18).
8. pipe processing method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the described first other core (8) is identical with the second other core (10) structure, and it is identical with described the second ozzle support core (11) structure that described the first ozzle supports core (7); Described core mould (9), the first other core (8), the second other core (10), the first ozzle support core (7) and the second ozzle support core (11), include top board (12), base plate (14) and connect described top board (12) and the column (13) of base plate (14), described top board (12) Height Adjustable; The two ends of the described top board (12) of described core mould (9) can coordinate by tongue-and-groove with one end of one end of the top board (12) of the described first other core (8) and the top board (12) of the described second other core (10), and the two ends of the described base plate (14) of described core mould (9) can coordinate by tongue-and-groove with one end of one end of the base plate (14) of the described first other core (8) and the base plate (14) of the described second other core (10); The length of adjacent described core mould (9) one sides of described top board (12) of the described first other core (8) and the second other core (10) is greater than the length of its column (13) opposite side, and the length of adjacent described core mould (9) one sides of described base plate (14) of the described first other core (8) and the second other core (10) is less than the length of its column (13) opposite side; The upper surface of the described top board (12) of described core mould (9), the first other core (8), the second other core (10), the first ozzle support core (7) and the second ozzle support core (11) is the part on the face of cylinder of matching with the described centre bore of described pipe (2), and the radius on the described face of cylinder is less than the radius of the described centre bore of described pipe (2); The lower surface of the described base plate (14) of described core mould (9), the first other core (8), the second other core (10) is take the part of the sphere that described pipe (2) bending radius is radius; Described the first ozzle supports the part that lower surface that core (7) and the second ozzle support the described base plate (14) of core (11) is the face of cylinder of matching with the described centre bore of described pipe (2).
9. pipe processing method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the described machined in described step 105 comprises the machined that the ozzle on described pipe fitting is carried out and the straight length of described pipe fitting is carried out to machined.
10. pipe processing method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described solution heat treatment in described step 106, comprise and carbide is dissolved described pipe heating to 1000 ℃-1150 ℃, then in three minutes, again the temperature of described pipe fitting is reduced to 427 ℃, obtaining structure is single-phase austenitic pipe fitting.
11. pipe processing methods according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the fine finishining in described step 107 comprises the fine finishining of ozzle and the polishing of pipe fitting.
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| CN201210335802.9A CN103659167A (en) | 2012-09-11 | 2012-09-11 | Pipe fitting machining method |
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| CN201210335802.9A CN103659167A (en) | 2012-09-11 | 2012-09-11 | Pipe fitting machining method |
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| CN107511685A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2017-12-26 | 宁波市晶杰国际物流有限公司 | A kind of copper pipe forming machine |
| CN107824646A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2018-03-23 | 南通振华重型装备制造有限公司 | A kind of anti-fold bending technique of materials in the tube |
| CN108481093A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-09-04 | 中国核工业第五建设有限公司 | A kind of pressure inlet inside intersection polishing process |
| CN108889792A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-11-27 | 无锡市新峰管业有限公司 | A kind of super wall thickness seamless elbow pipe fitting forming technique of heavy caliber |
| CN109033563A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-12-18 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | One kind being used for spring clip part transition technique digital-to-analogue modeling method |
| CN109255135A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2019-01-22 | 天津大学 | Incubation period prediction technique containing oval circumferential inner surface crackle in high-temperature pipe |
| CN111549212A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-18 | 沈予忠 | Solid solution device and method for stainless steel bent pipe fitting |
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| CN112894013A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-06-04 | 佛山市三简包装有限公司 | Processing method of pre-compensation type mould pressing plate roller |
| CN113600732A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-11-05 | 初冠南 | Die for shortening local circumference of tube blank and using method thereof |
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| CN108889792A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-11-27 | 无锡市新峰管业有限公司 | A kind of super wall thickness seamless elbow pipe fitting forming technique of heavy caliber |
| CN108889792B (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2020-03-17 | 无锡市新峰管业有限公司 | Forming process of large-caliber super-wall-thickness seamless elbow pipe fitting |
| CN109033563A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-12-18 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | One kind being used for spring clip part transition technique digital-to-analogue modeling method |
| CN111549212A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-18 | 沈予忠 | Solid solution device and method for stainless steel bent pipe fitting |
| CN112045061A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2020-12-08 | 烟台大学 | Pipe cold-bending die and cold-bending method |
| CN112894013A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-06-04 | 佛山市三简包装有限公司 | Processing method of pre-compensation type mould pressing plate roller |
| CN113600732A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-11-05 | 初冠南 | Die for shortening local circumference of tube blank and using method thereof |
| CN114558965A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-05-31 | 南通高新管件制造有限公司 | Forging, pressing and shaping equipment and machining process for marine pipe elbow |
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