Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, for the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, provides a kind of by the integrated application of engineering-oil degradation material-biotechnology principle, repairs the method for large area oil-polluted soils.
To achieve these goals, technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of restorative procedure of large area oil-polluted soils, comprises engineering technology system, oil degradation material and biotechnology system; Described engineering technology system comprises traction platform, pipeline is imbedded with constructing device, be fixedly mounted on air compression plant, material distribution device and soil profile plumbing installation on traction platform; Described pipeline is imbedded and is comprised with constructing device and be arranged on the lifter of traction on platform, be arranged on the cutting plate of lifter bottom and adhere to the material that is installed on cutting plate rear portion and send into pipe; Described material distribution device comprises and is fixedly mounted on the body feed tank of traction on platform, is fixedly connected with body feed tank and material is sent into the passage of pipe and is fixedly mounted on the pipe-coiling rack on traction platform; Described soil profile plumbing installation comprises air duct, connects the suction piping of air duct, by pipe joint connect other end suction piping the pipeline that catchments, by pipe joint, connect drainage pipeline and the pipe joint of the pipeline that catchments; Described oil degradation material is oil degradation solid material or oil degradation fluent material and preparation method thereof, during construction, is positioned in the body feed tank of material distribution device; Described biotechnology system is after utilizing engineering oil degradation material to be blown into the constructions such as soil profile hole to finish, and is conducive to the plant of degraded oil in soil surface plantation.
Further, described traction platform is the device moving with power, preferably tractors more than 25 horsepowers.
Described cutting plate, its length is 10-100cm, and width is 5-20cm, and the top of cutting plate arranges circular hollow between bottom, and the foot of cutting plate is that front end is the cylindrical of point, columniform diameter is greater than the width of cutting plate.
Described soil profile plumbing installation, its selection for pipeline diameter is 2-18cm and has certain degree of hardness and flexible plastics or other materials, on pipeline, be provided with aperture, the distance adjustment between pipeline is at 10-200cm.
The plant of described degraded oil, is selected from one or more in the plants such as alfalfa, lyme grass, corn and soybean.
Described oil degradation solid material or oil degradation fluent material, its preparation method comprises the steps:
1). the preparation of nutrient material: utilize carbon-nitrogen ratio to surpass 1 organic carbon high-load material, as stalk, straw, domestic sludge, the peat composed of rotten mosses, animal wastes etc., the organic fertilizer having become thoroughly decomposed by the production of aerobic fermentation technology is as the nutrient material of propagate microorganisms.The chemical composition of nutrient material mainly contains C, N, P
5o
2, K
2o element.N, P
5o
2, K
2o ratio is between 1:0.5:0.15~1:2:3, and Elements C/N is 2~100.Also have Fe, Cu, Zn, Mo, Sr trace element.
2). the preparation of loading material: utilize the material carbonization manufactures such as timber, bamboo chip, stalk to there is the nature materials such as particle (a) that certain degree of hardness, porosity and diameter are 0-3cm or artificial synthetic porous material (b) or wheat flag (c) as the carrier material of carrying oil degradation bacteria.The denominator of these materials requires as having micro hole structure, and micropore volume is greater than 0.1cm
3g
-1, surface area is greater than 400cm
2g
-1.Also (a), (b), (c) material can be mixed into loading material in arbitrary combination and arbitrary ratio.
3). screening oil degradation bacteria: the material of carrying oil degradation bacteria is directly imbedded in oil-polluted soils, after (October~2 year), taken out screening oil degradation bacteria through after a while;
4). the preparation of oil degradation bacteria carrier: bioengineered strain or Natural Selection bacterium are written in the material of carrying oil degradation bacteria, make oil degradation bacteria carrier;
5). above nutrient material is mixed for 100:1~1:100 in mass ratio with oil degradation bacteria carrier, make petroleum coal degradable material, oil degradation bacteria is joined in mass ratio and is mixed with solution for 100:1~1:100, make liquid petroleum degradable material.
Further, described oil degradation bacteria is screening bacterium or the bioengineered strain of occurring in nature.
The present invention is achieved in that the power that utilizes traction platform, operation is arranged on the degree of depth that the lifter drawing on platform regulates the cutting plate Subsoiling that is arranged on lifter bottom, pipeline is positioned on pipe-coiling rack and passes the circular hollow of cutting plate, cutting plate is imbed the depth of soil of 5-100cm by the pipeline of its circular hollow, when traction platform moves forward, on the soil profile contacting with cutting plate, form various be full of cracks, simultaneously, the high pressure gas of utilizing air compression plant to produce, by passage the material that adheres to installation after cutting plate on section, sending into pipe is blown into oil degradation material in the be full of cracks hole producing in soil profile, being conducive to degraded oil material fully contacts with soil, in addition, pipeline in placing into the soil, each other by connecting, formation is by air duct, pipeline catchments, pipe joint, the soil profile plumbing installation that drainage pipeline and suction piping form, by the continuous conveying air of air duct, be conducive to form aerobic condition at soil profile, promote the degraded of oil.After utilizing engineering oil degradation material to be blown into the constructions such as soil profile hole to finish, the plant of and degraded oil favourable in soil surface plantation, utilizes biotechnology further to accelerate the degraded of oil, and then completes the reparation to large area oil-polluted soils.
In the soil profile that application engineering technology is blown into oil degradation material, in soil surface plantation, be conducive to the plant of degraded oil simultaneously, this complex art is the technical system of large area repair oil-polluted soils of the present invention, is also the features and advantages of the invention.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Shown in accompanying drawing, a kind of restorative procedure of large area oil-polluted soils, comprise engineering technology system, oil degradation material and biotechnology system, described engineering technology system comprises traction platform 4, pipeline is imbedded with constructing device, be fixedly mounted on air compression plant 3, material distribution device and soil profile plumbing installation on traction platform 4; Pipeline is imbedded and is comprised with constructing device and be arranged on the lifter 2 of traction on platform 4, be arranged on the cutting plate 6 of lifter bottom and adhere to the material that is installed on cutting plate 6 rear portions and send into pipe 5; Material distribution device comprises and is fixedly mounted on the body feed tank 1 of traction on platform 4, is fixedly connected with body feed tank 1 and material and sends into the passage 7 of pipe 5 and be fixedly mounted on traction platform 4 pipe-coiling rack 9; Soil profile plumbing installation comprises air duct 10, connects the suction piping 11 of air duct 10, by pipe joint 13 connect other end suction pipings 11 the pipeline 14 that catchments, by pipe joint 13, connect drainage pipeline 12 and the pipe joint 13 of the pipeline 14 that catchments, traction platform 4 is selected the tractor of 30 horsepowers; Cutting plate 6 arranges circular hollow 8, and the foot of cutting plate 6 is that front end is the cylindrical of point, and columniform diameter is greater than the width of cutting plate 6, and the length of cutting plate 6 is 20cm, and width is 5cm; Soil profile plumbing installation, its selection for pipeline diameter is 4cm and has certain degree of hardness and flexible plastics or other materials, on pipeline, be provided with aperture, the distance adjustment between pipeline is at 20cm; The plant of degraded oil is lyme grass.
Described oil degradation solid material or oil degradation fluent material, its preparation method comprises the steps:
1). the preparation of nutrient material: utilize carbon-nitrogen ratio to surpass 1 the peat composed of rotten mosses, the organic fertilizer having become thoroughly decomposed by the production of aerobic fermentation technology is as the nutrient material of propagate microorganisms, and the chemical composition of nutrient material mainly contains C, N, P
5o
2, K
2o element.N, P
5o
2, K
2o ratio is between 1:0.5:0.15~1:2:3, and Elements C/N is 2~100.Also have Fe, Cu, Zn, Mo, Sr trace element.
2). the preparation of loading material: utilize artificial synthetic porous material as the carrier material of carrying oil degradation bacteria.Porous material has micro hole structure, and micropore volume is greater than 0.1cm
3g
-1, surface area is greater than 400cm
2g
-1.
3). screening oil degradation bacteria: the material of carrying oil degradation bacteria is directly imbedded in oil-polluted soils, after (October~2 year), taken out screening oil degradation bacteria through after a while.
4). the preparation of oil degradation bacteria carrier: bioengineered strain is written in the material of carrying oil degradation bacteria, makes oil degradation bacteria carrier;
5). above nutrient material with oil degradation bacteria carrier in mass ratio for 1:10 mixes, make petroleum coal degradable material.
During construction, utilize the power of traction platform 4, the lifter 2 that operation is arranged on traction platform 4 is arranged on the degree of depth of cutting plate 6 Subsoilings of lifter 2 bottoms with adjusting, pipeline is positioned on pipe-coiling rack 9 and passes the circular hollow 8 of cutting plate 6, cutting plate 6 is imbed the depth of soil of 8-15cm by the pipeline of its circular hollow 8, when traction platform 4 moves forward, on the soil profile contacting with cutting plate 6, form various be full of cracks, simultaneously, the high pressure gas of utilizing air compression plant 3 to produce, by passage 7 material that adheres to installation after cutting plate 6 on section, sending into pipe 5 is blown into oil degradation material in the be full of cracks hole producing in soil profile, being conducive to degraded oil material fully contacts with soil, in addition, pipeline in placing into the soil, each other by connecting, formation is by air duct 10, pipeline 14 catchments, the soil profile plumbing installation that pipe joint 13 drainage pipelines 12 and suction piping 11 form, by the continuous conveying air of air duct 10, be conducive to form aerobic condition at soil profile, promote the degraded of oil.After utilizing engineering oil degradation material to be blown into the constructions such as soil profile hole to finish, the plant of and degraded oil favourable in soil surface plantation, utilizes biotechnology further to accelerate the degraded of oil, and then completes the reparation to large area oil-polluted soils.
Embodiment 2
Shown in accompanying drawing, a kind of restorative procedure of large area oil-polluted soils, comprise engineering technology system, oil degradation material and biotechnology system, described engineering technology system comprises traction platform 4, pipeline is imbedded with constructing device, be fixedly mounted on air compression plant 3, material distribution device and soil profile plumbing installation on traction platform 4; Pipeline is imbedded and is comprised with constructing device and be arranged on the lifter 2 of traction on platform 4, be arranged on the cutting plate 6 of lifter bottom and adhere to the material that is installed on cutting plate 6 rear portions and send into pipe 5; Material distribution device comprises and is fixedly mounted on the body feed tank 1 of traction on platform 4, is fixedly connected with body feed tank 1 and material and sends into the passage 7 of pipe 5 and be fixedly mounted on traction platform 4 pipe-coiling rack 9; Soil profile plumbing installation comprises air duct 10, connects the suction piping 11 of air duct 10, by pipe joint 13 connect other end suction pipings 11 the pipeline 14 that catchments, by pipe joint 13, connect drainage pipeline 12 and the pipe joint 13 of the pipeline 14 that catchments, traction platform 4 is selected the tractor of 30 horsepowers; Cutting plate 6 arranges circular hollow 8, and the foot of cutting plate 6 is that front end is the cylindrical of point, and columniform diameter is greater than the width of cutting plate 6, and the length of cutting plate 6 is 50cm, and width is 10cm; Soil profile plumbing installation, its selection for pipeline diameter is 10cm and has certain degree of hardness and flexible plastics or other materials, on pipeline, be provided with aperture, the distance adjustment between pipeline is at 100cm; The plant of degraded oil is corn.
Described oil degradation solid material or oil degradation fluent material, its preparation method comprises the steps:
1). the preparation of nutrient material: utilize carbon-nitrogen ratio to surpass 1 stalk, the organic fertilizer having become thoroughly decomposed by the production of aerobic fermentation technology is as the nutrient material of propagate microorganisms, and the chemical composition of nutrient material mainly contains C, N, P
5o
2, K
2o element.N, P
5o
2, K
2o ratio is between 1:0.5:0.15~1:2:3, and Elements C/N is 2~100.Also have Fe, Cu, Zn, Mo, Sr trace element.
2). the preparation of loading material: utilize stalk material carbonization manufacture to have particle that certain degree of hardness, porosity and diameter are 0-3cm as the carrier material of carrying oil degradation bacteria, particle has micro hole structure, and micropore volume is greater than 0.1cm
3g
-1, surface area is greater than 400cm
2g
-1.
3). screening oil degradation bacteria: the material of carrying oil degradation bacteria is directly imbedded in oil-polluted soils, after (October~2 year), taken out screening oil degradation bacteria through after a while.
4). oil degradation bacteria is mixed with to solution for 100:1~1:100 in mass ratio, makes liquid petroleum degradable material.
During construction, utilize the power of traction platform 4, the lifter 2 that operation is arranged on traction platform 4 is arranged on the degree of depth of cutting plate 6 Subsoilings of lifter 2 bottoms with adjusting, pipeline is positioned on pipe-coiling rack 9 and passes the circular hollow 8 of cutting plate 6, cutting plate 6 is imbed the depth of soil of 50-60cm by the pipeline of its circular hollow 8, when traction platform 4 moves forward, on the soil profile contacting with cutting plate 6, form various be full of cracks, simultaneously, the high pressure gas of utilizing air compression plant 3 to produce, by passage 7 material that adheres to installation after cutting plate 6 on section, sending into pipe 5 is blown into oil degradation material in the be full of cracks hole producing in soil profile, being conducive to degraded oil material fully contacts with soil, in addition, pipeline in placing into the soil, each other by connecting, formation is by air duct 10, pipeline 14 catchments, the soil profile plumbing installation that pipe joint 13 drainage pipelines 12 and suction piping 11 form, by the continuous conveying air of air duct 10, be conducive to form aerobic condition at soil profile, promote the degraded of oil.After utilizing engineering oil degradation material to be blown into the constructions such as soil profile hole to finish, the plant of and degraded oil favourable in soil surface plantation, utilizes biotechnology further to accelerate the degraded of oil, and then completes the reparation to large area oil-polluted soils.
Embodiment 3
Shown in accompanying drawing, a kind of restorative procedure of large area oil-polluted soils, comprise engineering technology system, oil degradation material and biotechnology system, described engineering technology system comprises traction platform 4, pipeline is imbedded with constructing device, be fixedly mounted on air compression plant 3, material distribution device and soil profile plumbing installation on traction platform 4; Pipeline is imbedded and is comprised with constructing device and be arranged on the lifter 2 of traction on platform 4, be arranged on the cutting plate 6 of lifter bottom and adhere to the material that is installed on cutting plate 6 rear portions and send into pipe 5; Material distribution device comprises and is fixedly mounted on the body feed tank 1 of traction on platform 4, is fixedly connected with body feed tank 1 and material and sends into the passage 7 of pipe 5 and be fixedly mounted on traction platform 4 pipe-coiling rack 9; Soil profile plumbing installation comprises air duct 10, connects the suction piping 11 of air duct 10, by pipe joint 13 connect other end suction pipings 11 the pipeline 14 that catchments, by pipe joint 13, connect drainage pipeline 12 and the pipe joint 13 of the pipeline 14 that catchments, traction platform 4 is selected the tractor of 30 horsepowers; Cutting plate 6 arranges circular hollow 8, and the foot of cutting plate 6 is that front end is the cylindrical of point, and columniform diameter is greater than the width of cutting plate 6, and the length of cutting plate 6 is 80cm, and width is 20cm; Soil profile plumbing installation, its selection for pipeline diameter is 18cm and has certain degree of hardness and flexible plastics or other materials, on pipeline, be provided with aperture, the distance adjustment between pipeline is at 200cm; The plant of degraded oil is alfalfa.
Described oil degradation solid material or oil degradation fluent material, its preparation method comprises the steps:
1). the preparation of nutrient material: utilize carbon-nitrogen ratio to surpass 1 animal wastes, the organic fertilizer having become thoroughly decomposed by the production of aerobic fermentation technology is as the nutrient material of propagate microorganisms, and the chemical composition of nutrient material mainly contains C, N, P
5o
2, K
2o element.N, P
5o
2, K
2o ratio is between 1:0.5:0.15~1:2:3, and Elements C/N is 2~100.Also have Fe, Cu, Zn, Mo, Sr trace element.
2). the preparation of loading material: utilize nature material wheat flag as the carrier material of carrying oil degradation bacteria, wheat flag has micro hole structure, and micropore volume is greater than 0.1cm
3g
-1, surface area is greater than 400cm
2g
-1.
3). screening oil degradation bacteria: the material of carrying oil degradation bacteria is directly imbedded in oil-polluted soils, after (October~2 year), taken out screening oil degradation bacteria through after a while.
4). the preparation of oil degradation bacteria carrier: Natural Selection bacterium is written in the material of carrying oil degradation bacteria, makes oil degradation bacteria carrier.
5). above nutrient material with oil degradation bacteria carrier in mass ratio for 100:10 mixes, make petroleum coal degradable material.
During construction, utilize the power of traction platform 4, the lifter 2 that operation is arranged on traction platform 4 is arranged on the degree of depth of cutting plate 6 Subsoilings of lifter 2 bottoms with adjusting, pipeline is positioned on pipe-coiling rack 9 and passes the circular hollow 8 of cutting plate 6, cutting plate 6 is imbed the depth of soil of 80-90cm by the pipeline of its circular hollow 8, when traction platform 4 moves forward, on the soil profile contacting with cutting plate 6, form various be full of cracks, simultaneously, the high pressure gas of utilizing air compression plant 3 to produce, by passage 7 material that adheres to installation after cutting plate 6 on section, sending into pipe 5 is blown into oil degradation material in the be full of cracks hole producing in soil profile, being conducive to degraded oil material fully contacts with soil, in addition, pipeline in placing into the soil, each other by connecting, formation is by air duct 10, pipeline 14 catchments, the soil profile plumbing installation that pipe joint 13 drainage pipelines 12 and suction piping 11 form, by the continuous conveying air of air duct 10, be conducive to form aerobic condition at soil profile, promote the degraded of oil.After utilizing engineering oil degradation material to be blown into the constructions such as soil profile hole to finish, the plant of and degraded oil favourable in soil surface plantation, utilizes biotechnology further to accelerate the degraded of oil, and then completes the reparation to large area oil-polluted soils.
The above; embodiment is only that the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described; not scope of the present invention is limited; under the prerequisite of spirit that does not depart from the technology of the present invention; various distortion and improvement that this area engineers and technicians make technical scheme of the present invention, all should fall in the definite protection domain of claims of the present invention.