For the combined locking screw of blade plate and comprise its bone plate system
Technical field
The present invention relates to medical apparatus and instruments implant, be specifically related to lock screw and the bone plate system in orthopedic injury treatment operation, used.
Background technology
The object of fracture surgical operation therapy is to dissect and restore funcitons in order to rebuild.According to AO(ASIF) principle, in fracture, be fixedly that a kind of accurate fracture anatomical reduction, the stable blood of fixing, retain as far as possible bone of building on transported the comprehensive treatment on the basis of (blood supply), early function sexual activity.
In fracture, fixing early stage employing is fracture bone plate technology.But fracture bone plate system not can be used for the structure of locking, makes the screw of fracture bone plate system and the connection of blade plate can not form fixing.So, there is biomechanics defect in fracture bone plate system: oppresses periosteum, affects fracture end blood supply, this causes traditional plate osteosynthesis fixedly securing to have quite high complication rate, comprises infection, Plate break, delayed union and disunion.
Development in recent years locking bone fracture plate technology, it relies on the connection of taper thread on synthetism plate hole and lock screw head taper thread to produce locking effect.Locking bone fracture plate system does not rely on the frictional force between bone-steel plate interface, thereby has reduced the damage of periosteum, has retained as much as possible the blood fortune of bone.The stability of locking bone fracture plate system maintains by having screw that angle is stable and the interface between steel plate.Because this locking inner fixer has stable globality, the resistance to plucking of the screw of its elongated insertion part is exerted oneself and is exceeded much compared with plain screw, so the utilization of current lock blade plate technology on market is more and more.
Chinese invention patent application CN201110003221.0 discloses a kind of steel plate screw system with universal lock screw, and this system comprises steel plate and at least two lock screw with the taper head of a nail.
Chinese utility model patent CN201020132646.2 discloses a kind of locking steel plate device of fix bone, the second locking bushing of the head that the first locking bushing that it comprises lock screw, offers the locking steel plate in locking screw thread hole, external diameter is consistent with the head of lock screw and internal diameter are slightly larger than lock screw.
Chinese utility model patent CN200920026695.5 discloses a kind of fixing system in locking plate at proximal end of thighbone, its structure comprises lockplate, lock screw, lockplate upper end-face edge has sewing hole, tuberosity hook is fixed on sewing hole by retainer ring, lockplate top has neck of femur locking nail hole, and nail hole is fixed with neck of femur locking nail by screw thread.
But, although that the lock screw of locking bone fracture plate system and the connection of blade plate can form is fixing, the resistance to plucking output capacity that lock screw is axial and radially anti-rotation performance is undesirable.And locking bone fracture plate is far expensive compared with general steel plate, some fracture also needn't be treated with locking bone fracture plate.In addition, in operation, be difficult to utilize locking bone fracture plate fully to reset to fracture, especially only have the special plate of lock hole.In this case, before steel plate is fixing, must be first by fracture end reduction.Once lock screw sees through steel plate and squeezes into epiphysis, epiphysis just can not be by squeezing into other screw or adjusting position by modes such as pressue devices.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the screw of fracture bone plate system and the connection of blade plate and can not form the axial resistance to plucking output capacity of lock screw after the lock screw of fixing problem and locking bone fracture plate system and the connection of blade plate and the problem of anti-rotation performance deficiency radially.
According to a first aspect of the invention, provide a kind of combined locking screw for blade plate, be particularly suitable for fracture bone plate system.Described lock screw comprises for the bone screw of implant into body and Lock Part, bone screw is provided with respect to the tilt through hole of an angle of its longitudinal axis on its head, for Lock Part, extend through, and described through hole is provided with engagement device on the inwall of hole, for engaging the corresponding engagement device on Lock Part.In an embodiment of the present invention, the engagement device of bone screw and the engagement device of Lock Part comprise screw thread, and Lock Part is locking nail.
According to the present invention, the angle that through hole tilts with respect to the longitudinal axis of bone screw is between 10 °-30 °.
According to embodiments of the invention, Lock Part can comprise and is provided with the front end lock part of engagement device and is connected in front end lock part and broken end section.In an embodiment of the present invention, Lock Part is locking pin, and front end lock part is locking shank, and end section is empennage, and locking shank is provided with holding tank on the one end being connected with empennage.In the case, when implanting, by clamping device, clamp empennage and implant locking pin, and when taking out, in the situation that empennage fractures, by clamping device, clamp holding tank and take out locking shank.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the head of bone screw comprises interior Flos Mume, so that implant and take out bone screw.Equally, the head of Lock Part comprises interior hexagonal, so that implant and take out Lock Part.
According to a second aspect of the invention, provide a kind of bone plate system, it comprises blade plate and one or more above-mentioned combined locking screw.Can be according to the several combined locking screws of patient's fracture situation choice for use.
The present invention can make fracture bone plate and combined locking screw form stable integral body by common bone screw of the prior art being changed over to combined locking screw in the situation that adopting fracture bone plate, has improved fracture bone plate system.Combined locking screw of the present invention has been avoided fracture bone plate system weak point, meets or exceeds locking steel plate system in performance, and price is low, and operation technique is simple.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By the detailed description of with reference to the accompanying drawings embodiment of the present invention being carried out, feature of the present invention and advantage thereof will be apparent.In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is according to the view of the combined locking screw of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that wherein lock screw has packed in the hole of blade plate according to the fracture bone plate system view with the combined locking screw of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 A-3C is respectively according to profile and the perspective view of the front view of the bone screw of the combined locking screw of the embodiment of the present invention, A-A along the line.
Fig. 4 is according to the perspective view of the locking nail of the combined locking screw of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the perspective view of combined locking screw according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the perspective view of the locking pin of combined locking screw according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the perspective view after combined locking screw installation in position according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals list
1, combined locking screw 2, locking nail 3, bone screw
1 ', combined locking screw 3 ', bone screw 4, locking pin
5, interior Flos Mume 6, skewed screw hole 7, locking nail bar
8, locking ailhead 9, interior hexagonal 10, empennage
11, holding tank 12, locking shank 13, bone-fracture fixation steel plate
The specific embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 has shown assembling all-in-one-piece combined locking screw 1, and it comprises bone screw 3 and locking nail 2.Bone screw 3, as shown in Fig. 3 A-3C, is provided with interior Flos Mume 5 on its head, so that implant and take out bone screw 3.In addition, bone screw 3 is also provided with the skewed screw hole 6 that runs through head on its head.In this example, the longitudinal axis angle a of skewed screw hole 6 and bone screw 3 is between 10 ° ~ 30 °.Skewed screw hole diameter is 2.5 ~ 6.0mm.
As shown in Figure 4, it comprises the locking nail bar 7 of front end and the locking ailhead 8 of tail end to locking nail 2, and locking nail bar 7 is in implant into body, and locking ailhead 8 is provided with external screw thread, with the female thread of the skewed screw hole 6 with bone screw 3, engages.In addition, on the tail end of locking nail 2, be provided with interior hexagonal 9, so that implant and take out locking nail 2.In this example, the locking ailhead on locking nail 28 is connected and fixed with double thread with the skewed screw hole 6 of bone screw 3.
During operation, first bone screw 3 is pressed to the operational approach implant into body of fracture bone plate technology.Then, according to patient's fracture situation, select to increase one or more locking nails 2, by locking nail 2 along skewed screw hole 6 implant into body on bone screw 3, until the locking head on locking nail 2 is all imbedded in the interior Flos Mume 5 of bone screw 3.Fig. 2 has shown the bone plate system that comprises combined locking screw 1, and wherein 4 lock screw 1 have been installed in the hole of blade plate 13.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 5, combined locking screw 1 ' comprises bone screw 3 ' and locking pin 4.Bone screw 3 ' is basic identical with the bone screw 3 of embodiment 1.In this example, skewed screw hole diameter 2.5 ~ 10mm, identical with embodiment 1 of angle.
Embodiment 2 is locking pin 4 with the difference of embodiment 1.As shown in Figure 6, locking pin 4 comprises the locking shank 12 of front end, in implant into body, and broken empennage 10.In addition, locking shank 12 is provided with holding tank 11 on the one end being connected with empennage 10.
During operation, by locking pin 4 along skewed screw hole 6 implant into body on bone screw 3.After implantation puts in place, the empennage 10 that fractures, only leaves the locking shank 12 that is provided with holding tank 11, as shown in Figure 7.During implantation, by clamping device (not shown), clamp empennage 10 and implant locking pin 4; During taking-up, in the situation that empennage 10 fractures, by clamping device, clamp holding tank 11 and take out locking shank 12.
Combined locking screw of the present invention can use individually AO standard blade plate and screw technology, also can use individually inner fixed support principle, can also being combined with two kinds of methods.Therefore, the present invention can obtain best clinical effectiveness to the treatment of any fracture.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that above description is exemplary.In the situation that not deviating from thought of the present invention and scope, those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations to the present invention.