CN103654701B - 一种防雾内窥镜系统的装置和方法 - Google Patents

一种防雾内窥镜系统的装置和方法 Download PDF

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CN103654701B
CN103654701B CN201210324982.0A CN201210324982A CN103654701B CN 103654701 B CN103654701 B CN 103654701B CN 201210324982 A CN201210324982 A CN 201210324982A CN 103654701 B CN103654701 B CN 103654701B
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郑耀
辜长明
郑安民
毛荣壮
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QINGDAO AOMEIKE MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种防雾内窥镜系统的装置和方法,属于微创医疗的技术领域,其在传统内窥镜系统的基础上,增加一路近红外防雾照明光源,合色耦合进入照明传输通道,并改变前光学窗口片的材料特性,使其透射可见光,保证术野白光照明的同时吸收近红外光能量而使前光学窗口片的温度升高,减小内窥镜前光学窗口片与人体的温度差,从而达到防雾的目的。本发明与采用生理盐水预热和涂抹防雾油等防雾相比,具有医生手术操作更方便,更简单的优点,且不存在生理盐水,防雾油等存在的消毒不尽的隐患,适宜应用于各种内窥手术中,特别适宜应用于需将内窥镜反复插入和拔出人体的内窥手术中,起防雾作用。

Description

一种防雾内窥镜系统的装置和方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种防雾内窥镜系统的装置和方法,属于微创医疗的技术领域。
背景技术
医疗内窥镜已经广泛应用于微创手术中,当前采用内窥镜系统的微创手术一个操作上的缺陷是:当内窥镜进入人体操作时,由于人体内外的温度差异,部分水蒸汽遇到温度较低的内窥镜时,容易在内窥镜前光学窗口片上形成凝雾,影响术野的成像清晰度,使显示器上显示的术野图像变得模糊,影响医生的观察和操作。为了克服内窥镜起雾,医生主要采用生理盐水预热内窥镜,涂抹防雾油等方式,能在一定程度上缓解内窥镜起雾的问题,但缺点是复杂化了手术准备过程,存在消毒不尽的隐患,并会增加手术准备时间,因此,直接从内窥镜系统上提供防雾或除雾的解决方案是最佳的方式。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种防雾内窥镜系统的装置和方法,其在传统内窥镜系统的基础上,增加一路近红外防雾照明光源,合色耦合进入照明传输通道,并改变前光学窗口片的材料特性,使其透射可见光,保证术野白光照明的同时吸收近红外光能量,而使前光学窗口片的温度升高,减小内窥镜前光学窗口片与人体的温度差,从而达到防雾的目的。
现结合附图详细说明本发明的技术方案:
一种防雾内窥镜系统的装置,含照明光源1,传输光纤束2,内窥镜3,照明光源1含白光照明光源11,耦合光学透镜14,白光照明光源11是氙灯,白光LED或红绿蓝三基色混合白光LED,提供可见光波段的光输出,采用氙灯,功率在250W~350W范围内,采用白光LED,功率在50W~100W范围内,采用红绿蓝三基色混合白光LED,功率在150W~200W范围内,耦合光学透镜14是光学透镜或透镜组,传输光纤束2由若干直径数十微米的光纤绑定在一起,入射面和出射面表面抛光,耦合光学透镜14的聚焦面与传输光纤束2的入射面重合,内窥镜3含内窥镜光学透镜系统31,前光学窗口片32,导光光纤束33,内窥镜壳体34,光纤连接接口35,内窥镜光学透镜系统31由数十片光学透镜组成,对术野进行成像,内窥镜壳体34主要由不锈钢材料制成,表面抛光,前光学窗口片32是一种透明光学材料,可透射可见光,置于内窥镜光学透镜系统31前面,焊接或胶接在内窥镜壳体34上, 导光光纤束33由若干直径数十微米的光纤绑定在一起,入射面和出射面表面抛光,导光光纤束33的入射面置于光学连接接口35内,导光光纤束33的入射面通过光纤连接接口35与传输光纤束2的出射面耦合连接,导光光纤束33置于光学透镜系统31和内窥镜壳体34之间的环带内,出射面紧贴前光学窗口片32, 其特征在于:所述的照明光源1还含近红外防雾照明光源12,合色滤色片13,合色滤色片13是一种光学平板,以与耦合光学透镜14成45°夹角的方式置于白光照明光源11和耦合光学透镜14之间,合色滤色片13上镀制透射可见光反射近红外光的光学薄膜,近红外防雾照明光源12是一种只发射近红外光的光源如半导体激光光源或泵浦激光器光源等,发射光的波长范围在780nm~1100nm之间,全功率发射光功率介于5瓦~10瓦之间,近红外防雾照明光源12以与白光照明光源11垂直,与合色滤色片13呈45°角的方式放置,白光照明光源11和近红外防雾照明光源12可独立控制开关和亮度,内窥镜3的前光学窗口片32由一种改进了材料光谱特性的光学材料制成,它不仅能透射可见光同时能吸收近红外光,可见光平均透过率大于80%,近红外光平均吸收率大于80%。
根据上述防雾内窥镜系统的装置,所述的防雾内窥镜系统的防雾方法包括以下步骤:
(1)手术前2~3分钟,全功率开启近红外防雾照明光源12,近红外光依次通过耦合光学透镜14,传输光纤束2,导光光纤束33传输后,照射到前光学窗口片32上,前光学窗口片32吸收近红外光能量,温度开始上升;
(2)30秒~1分钟后,前光学窗口片温度从室温25℃左右上升到37℃左右,此时降低近红外防雾照明光源12功率至全功率的10%~30%,以保持前光学窗口片温度维持在37℃左右;
(3)医生将内窥镜插入人体前,关闭近红外防雾照明光源12,开启白光照明光源11,然后将内窥镜插入人体,前光学窗口片32温度与人体温度基本一致,不会起雾,医生可以进行正常的观察和手术,达到防雾的目的。
本发明的积极进步效果在于:在典型内窥镜系统基础上不做太大的改变,只增加一路近红外防雾照明光源,同时改变前光学窗口片的材料就实现了系统级的防雾功能,与采用生理盐水预热和涂抹防雾油等防雾相比,具有医生手术操作更方便,更简单的优点,且不存在生理盐水,防雾油等存在的消毒不尽的隐患。
附图说明
图1为本发明的防雾内窥镜系统的装置结构示意图。
具体实施方式
现结合附图和实施例详细说明本发明的技术方案和工作原理。
所有实施例都具有与发明内容所述装置的结构完全相同的结构和方法所述的相同的方法。为避免重复,以下实施例仅罗列关键的技术数据。
实施例1:
白光照明光源11是白光LED,总功率80W,近红外防雾照明光源12是辐射波长为808nm的半导体激光器,全功率输出5W,前光学窗口片32在808nm的吸收率为80%,可见光平均透过率为90%。近红外防雾照明光源12全功率开启1分钟,前光学窗口片32的温度从室温25℃左右上升到37℃左右,功率降至全功率的30%,温度维持在37℃左右。
工作原理为:手术前2~3分钟,开启808nm的半导体激光器,输出5W的808nm的激光,808nm的激光通过合色滤色片13后反射进入耦合光学透镜14,耦合光学透镜14将808nm的近红外光聚焦耦合到传输光纤束2中,并从传输光纤束2的出射面出射,出射的808nm的近红外光通过光纤连接接口35耦合进入导光光纤束33,并从导光光纤束33的出射面出射,出射的808nm的近红外光照射到前光学窗口片32上,约80%的近红外光被前光学窗口片吸收,前光学窗口片32的温度开始由室温开始上升,1分钟后,前光学窗口片温度上升到37℃左右,这时,降低近红外防雾照明光源12的功率至全功率的30%,前光学窗口片温度将维持在37℃左右,在将内窥镜3插入人体前,关闭近红外防雾照明光源12,开启白光照明光源11,白光照明光源11发出的白光入射到合色滤色片13上并透过合色滤色片13进入到耦合光学透镜14,耦合光学透镜14将白光聚焦耦合到传输光纤束2中,然后从传输光纤束2的出射面出射,出射的白光通过光纤连接接口35耦合进入导光光纤束33并从导光光纤束33的出射面出射,出射的白光照射到前光学窗口片32上,约90%的白光透过前光学窗口片32照明术野。这样,由于前光学窗口片32的温度与人体内温度基本一致,因此前光学窗口片32上不会起雾,同时,白光照明术野,保证术野正常的观察和手术操作。
实施例2:
白光照明光源11是红绿蓝三基色混合白光LED,总功率170W,近红外防雾照明光源12是辐射波长微940nm的半导体激光器,全功率输出10W,前光学窗口片32在940nm吸收率为90%,可见光平均透过率为85%。近红外防雾照明光源12全功率开启30秒,前光学窗口片32的温度从室温25℃左右上升到37℃左右,功率降至全功率的10%,温度维持在37℃左右。
实施例3:
白光照明光源11是氙灯,总功率350W,近红外防雾照明光源12是辐射波长为1064nm的Nd:YAG激光器,全功率输出7W,前光学窗口片32在1064nm吸收率为95%,可见光平均透过率为80%。近红外防雾照明光源12全功率开启45秒,前光学窗口片32的温度从室温25℃左右上升到37℃左右,功率降至全功率的20%,温度维持在37℃左右。
实施例2和实施例3的工作原理与实施例1工作原理类似,这里不在赘述。
本发明的防雾内窥镜系统的装置和方法,适宜应用于各种内窥手术中,特别适宜应用于需将内窥镜反复插入和拔出人体的内窥手术中,起防雾作用。

Claims (5)

1.一种防雾内窥镜系统的装置,含照明光源(1),传输光纤束(2),内窥镜(3),照明光源(1)含白光照明光源(11),耦合光学透镜(14),白光照明光源(11)是氙灯,白光LED或红绿蓝三基色混合白光LED,提供可见光波段的光输出,采用氙灯,功率在250W~350W范围内,采用白光LED,功率在50W~100W范围内,采用红绿蓝三基色混合白光LED,功率在150W~200W范围内,耦合光学透镜(14)是光学透镜或透镜组,传输光纤束(2)由若干直径数十微米的光纤绑定在一起,入射面和出射面表面抛光,耦合光学透镜(14)的聚焦面与传输光纤束(2)的入射面重合,内窥镜(3)含内窥镜光学透镜系统(31),前光学窗口片(32),导光光纤束(33),内窥镜壳体(34),光纤连接接口(35),内窥镜光学透镜系统(31)由数十片光学透镜组成,对术野进行成像,内窥镜壳体(34)主要由不锈钢材料制成,表面抛光,前光学窗口片(32)是一种透明光学材料,可透过可见光,置于内窥镜光学透镜系统(31)前面,焊接或胶接在内窥镜壳体(34)上,导光光纤束(33)由若干直径数十微米的光纤绑定在一起,入射面和出射面表面抛光,导光光纤束(33)的入射面置于光学连接接口(35)内,导光光纤束(33)的入射面通过光纤连接接口(35)与传输光纤束(2)的出射面耦合连接,导光光纤束(33)置于光学透镜系统(31)和内窥镜壳体(34)之间的环带内,出射面紧贴前光学窗口片(32),其特征在于,所述的照明光源(1)还含近红外防雾照明光源(12),合色滤色片(13),合色滤色片(13)是一种光学平板,以与耦合光学透镜(14)成45°夹角的方式置于白光照明光源(11)和耦合光学透镜(14)之间,合色滤色片(13)上镀制透过可见光反射近红外光的光学薄膜,近红外防雾照明光源(12)是一种只发射近红外光的光源,发射光的波长范围在780nm~1100nm之间,全功率发射光功率介于5瓦~10瓦之间,近红外防雾照明光源(12)以与白光照明光源(11)垂直,与合色滤色片(13)呈45°角的方式放置,白光照明光源(11)和近红外防雾照明光源(12)可独立控制开关和亮度,内窥镜(3)的前光学窗口片(32)由一种改进了材料光谱特性的光学材料制成,它不仅能透射可见光同时能吸收近红外光,可见光平均透过率≥80%,近红外光平均吸收率≥80%。
2.根据权利要求1所述防雾内窥镜系统的装置,其特征在于,白光照明光源(11)是白光LED,功率80W,近红外防雾照明光源(12)是辐射波长为808nm的半导体激光器,全功率输出5W,前光学窗口片(32)在808nm的吸收率为80%,可见光平均透过率为90%,近红外防雾照明光源(12)全功率开启1分钟,前光学窗口片(32)的温度从室温25℃左右上升到37℃左右,功率降至全功率的30%,温度维持在37℃左右。
3.根据权利要求1所述防雾内窥镜系统的装置,其特征在于,白光照明光源(11)是红绿蓝三基色混合白光LED,总功率170W,近红外防雾照明光源(12)是辐射波长微940nm的半导体激光器,全功率输出10W,前光学窗口片(32)在940nm吸收率为90%,可见光平均透过率为85%,近红外防雾照明光源(12)全功率开启30秒,前光学窗口片(32)的温度从室温25℃左右上升到37℃左右,功率降至全功率的10%,温度维持在37℃左右。
4.根据权利要求1所述防雾内窥镜系统的装置,其特征在于,白光照明光源(11)是氙灯,总功率350W,近红外防雾照明光源(12)是辐射波长为1064nm的Nd:YAG激光器,全功率输出7W,前光学窗口片(32)在1064nm吸收率为95%,可见光平均透过率为80%,近红外防雾照明光源(12)全功率开启45秒,前光学窗口片(32)的温度从室温25℃左右上升到37℃左右,功率降至全功率的20%,温度维持在37℃左右。
5.一种防雾内窥镜系统的防雾方法,可使用权利要求1-4任一种装置实现,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)手术前2~3分钟,全功率开启近红外防雾照明光源(12),近红外光依次通过耦合光学透镜(14),传输光纤束(2),导光光纤束(33)传输后,照射到前光学窗口片(32)上,前光学窗口片(32)吸收近红外光能量,温度开始上升;
(2)30秒~1分钟后,前光学窗口片温度从室温25℃左右上升到37℃左右,此时降低近红外防雾照明光源(12)功率至全功率的10%~30%,以保持前光学窗口片温度维持在37℃左右,前光学窗口片(32)温度与人体温度基本一致,达到防雾的目的。
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