CN103646534B - A kind of road real-time traffic accident risk control method - Google Patents
A kind of road real-time traffic accident risk control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103646534B CN103646534B CN201310596435.2A CN201310596435A CN103646534B CN 103646534 B CN103646534 B CN 103646534B CN 201310596435 A CN201310596435 A CN 201310596435A CN 103646534 B CN103646534 B CN 103646534B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of road real-time traffic accident risk control method, is a kind of road real-time traffic accident risk prediction based on multi-class support vector machine and control method, can be used to the possibility that traffic hazard occurs in predicted detection section.To detecting section foundation based on the accident prediction model of multi-class support vector machine, bringing the real-time traffic characteristic parameter of collection into accident prediction model, judging whether the risk that traffic hazard occurs.This method utilizes the real-time traffic characteristic parameter of collection to predict contingent traffic hazard, and has good precision of prediction, overcomes prior art and utilizes collection meter statistic to analyze the technological deficiency of traffic safety existence with not enough.This method is judging that the risk that all kinds of traffic hazard occurs has actual engineer applied value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to intelligent traffic administration system and control technology field, use support vector machine to existing traffic hazard learning classification model and then carry out accident risk discrimination and classification, propose a kind of method of discrimination to certain section road traffic accident occurrence risk and control solution.
Background technology
The increase of automobile pollution and day by day frequently road traffic trip and logistics transportation, bring about a prosperous economy and in life while, day by day serious pressure is brought to traffic safety environment, objectively also active demand is proposed to the research and development of the safe and smooth without hindrance correlation technique of road traffic environment.
Along with the lifting of traffic safety management level and the development of vehicle active safety technologies, transportation security environments is greatly improved; Especially high speed road traffic environment, according to statistics national freeway traffic environment, national traffic accidents quantity is since two thousand three in progressively downward trend according to statistics, and accumulative fall reaches 70%.But downtrending is in recent years gradually steady, and the highway major motor vehicle security incident number of casualties maintains a high position always.Current traffic accidents form main manifestations is: rear-end impact, hit fixture and stationary vehicle, overturning, side impact, just brush up against scraping.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is: under transport information Real time data acquisition and storage have become this background relatively easy, set up the relation between real time traffic data feature and street accidents risks, propose the road real-time traffic accident risk prediction based on multi-class support vector machine and control method.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: based on multi-class support vector machine road real-time traffic accident risk prediction control method, road real-time traffic accident risk prediction and Controlling model are set up to surveyed area, Real-time Road accident risk identification and classification model is substituted into after real time traffic data information is proposed feature, whether have an accident and accident pattern according to Real-time Road accident risk identification and classification model Output rusults predicted detection region, propose corresponding control measure thus.From two aspects expansion below: (1), street accidents risks affair character extract; (2), road traffic risk profile and control.
Technical scheme: for solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts based on multi-class support vector machine road real-time traffic accident risk prediction and control method, comprises the following steps:
Steps A) gather under normal traffic states and before having accident to occur t second (0.01≤t≤0.1) state under data sample N group { X
1, X
2..., X
n.Each X
i(I=1,2,3 ..., N) comprise people, car, road, environmental information: according to time of origin and the generation section of traffic hazard, there is the sex x of people from section in random acquisition traffic hazard
1, driving efficiency x
2; The spacing x of car
3, speed of a motor vehicle x
4, vehicle condition x
5; The type x of road
6, pavement behavior x
7, traffic x
8; And the weather x on the same day
9, pedestrian situation x
10, visibility x
11.
Step B) gather and above-mentioned data sample { X
1, X
2..., X
ncorresponding traffic hazard classification sample { Y
1, Y
2..., Y
n, each Y
i(I=1,2,3 ..., N) correspond to { w
1, w
2, w
3in a certain item.Wherein w
1represent rear-end impact accident, w
2represent and hit fixture and stationary vehicle, w
3represent normal condition.
Step C) traffic hazard data prediction: training sample set and above-mentioned N group historical data sample { X
1, X
2..., X
n, wherein, each X
i={ x
1, x
2..., x
11(I=1,2,3 ..., N) and N group casualty effect { Y corresponding thereto
1, Y
2..., Y
n, wherein each Y
i(I=1,2 ..., N) correspond to { w
1, w
2, w
3in a certain item.
Step D) utilize above-mentioned sample data to train multi-class support vector machine, draw accidents classification decision function
Parameter a
j, b
j.
Step e) to above-mentioned N group data sample classification, to sample X
i(I=1,2,3 ..., N), if
then X
iclassification be g (X
i)=w
j.
Step F) if sample X
iprediction classification g (X
i) be different from true classification Y
i, then optimize multi-class support vector machine parameter, go to step D), until reach best result class precision.
Step G) gather real time traffic data X every s second (0.01≤s≤0.1), i.e. the sex x of people
1, driving efficiency x
2; The spacing x of car
3, speed of a motor vehicle x
4, vehicle condition x
5; The type x of road
6, pavement behavior x
7, traffic x
8, and the weather x on the same day
9, pedestrian situation x
10, visibility x
11.According to criterion
x is assigned to w
jin class, i.e. classification g (the X)=w of X
j.
Step H) if g (X) equals w
1or w
2then differentiate that this section is current and have the risk that traffic hazard occurs, early warning is carried out to driver, as passed through variable message board in this front, section, and start opertaing device, by controlling the ring road of road or the Intersections of through street, reduce upstream vehicle flow, by variable speed-limit plate to Current vehicle speed limit, reduce the travel speed of upstream vehicle.
Step I) if g (X) equals w
3, then this section is current is safe condition, without the need to the prompting that gives the alarm, goes to step G).
Compared with prior art, technical scheme of the present invention has following beneficial effect:
Accident diagnoses accuracy rate is high.Existing street accidents risks detection method only utilizes traffic flow data to calculate traffic hazard probability, and the present invention acquires the several data information affecting traffic hazard simultaneously, thus can improve street accidents risks accuracy of detection.The traffic information data in the section of Real-time Collection is brought into the traffic hazard discriminant classification function after study, in real time traffic hazard is occurred to section and detect.Whether occur according to traffic hazard, determine current the need of startup early warning means, reduce street accidents risks, thus improve the accuracy rate of vehicle regulation and control, reduce traffic hazard, effectively ensured the traffic safety of through street.Testing process is simple.In the present invention, only need after obtaining classification function to gather the real time traffic data information in section, just can in real-time estimate setting-up time in future, whether this section there is traffic hazard, easy to use, practical, has good application prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is accident identification and classification FB(flow block) of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the real-time testing process schematic diagram of road in the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
The invention discloses a kind of based on the real-time traffic accident risk differentiation of support vector machine analysis road and control method, according to the historical traffic accident information gathered, the discriminant classification function utilizing multi-class support vector machine to set up, whether predicted detection section exists the risk that traffic hazard occurs, if occurred, take the corresponding opertaing device of Real-time Road, otherwise continue image data, judge next time; The advantage of the inventive method is that the real-time traffic characteristic parameter utilizing road traffic checkout equipment to obtain carries out real-time estimate to traffic hazard, and has good precision of prediction.Thus, this method is differentiating the risk of through street traffic hazard, and prediction traffic hazard generation aspect has actual engineering application and is worth.
The Real-time Traffic Information collected, weather data, pedestrian's data, vehicle data information are brought in the traffic hazard identification and classification function that the present invention sets up, whether calculate current generation traffic hazard.Have an accident if recorded, then showing that this section is current has the risk that traffic hazard occurs, and should give the alarm, and the control program activated in dynamic traffic control system reduces accident risk, then continues image data; Do not have an accident if recorded, then continue image data, judge next time.
Vehicle regulate and control method of the present invention, according to the real time traffic data, weather data, pedestrian's data, the vehicle data that gather, judges to detect whether section is current exists the risk that traffic hazard occurs, be adopt multi-class support vector machine analysis.
Practice process of the present invention is divided into be set up traffic hazard discriminant function relational expression and detects traffic hazard two processes.
Set up accidents classification discriminant function relational expression: collection or casualty data, weather data and traffic data in a period of time of acquisition testing section.In order to ensure that the accident forecast function set up can have good precision of prediction, the sample of collection is as far as possible large, and usual accident group data sample is greater than 200, and normal group data sample is greater than 400.According to above-mentioned steps A) to step F) draw identification and classification function by training sample set.
Claims (5)
1. a road real-time traffic accident risk control method, is characterized in that, concrete steps are:
Steps A) gather under normal traffic states and before having accident to occur t second (0.01≤t≤0.1) state under data sample N group { X
1, X
2..., X
n; Each X
i(I=1,2,3 ..., N) comprise people, car, road, environmental information: according to time of origin and the generation section of traffic hazard, there is the sex x of people from section in random acquisition traffic hazard
1, driving efficiency x
2; The spacing x of car
3, speed of a motor vehicle x
4, vehicle condition x
5, road type x
6, pavement behavior x
7, traffic x
8; And the weather x on the same day
9, pedestrian situation x
10, visibility x
11;
Step B) gather and above-mentioned data sample { X
1, X
2..., X
ncorresponding traffic hazard classification sample { Y
1, Y
2..., Y
n, each Y
i(I=1,2,3 ..., N) correspond to { w
1, w
2, w
3in a certain item, wherein w
1represent rear-end impact accident, w
2represent and hit fixture and stationary vehicle, w
3represent normal condition;
Step C) traffic hazard data prediction: training sample set and above-mentioned N group historical data sample { X
1, X
2..., X
n, wherein, each X
i={ x
1, x
2..., x
11(I=1,2,3 ..., N) and N group casualty effect { Y corresponding thereto
1, Y
2..., Y
n, wherein each Y
i(I=1,2 ..., N) correspond to { w
1, w
2, w
3in a certain item;
Step D) utilize above-mentioned sample data to train multi-class support vector machine, draw accidents classification decision function
Parameter a
j, b
j;
Step e) to above-mentioned N group data sample classification, to sample X
i(I=1,2,3 ..., N), if
then X
iclassification be g (X
i)=w
j;
Step F) if sample X
iprediction classification g (X
i) be different from true classification Y
i, then optimize multi-class support vector machine parameter, go to step D), until reach best result class precision;
Step G) gather real time traffic data X second every s, i.e. the sex x of people
1, driving efficiency x
2, car spacing x
3, speed of a motor vehicle x
4, vehicle condition x
5, road type x
6, pavement behavior x
7, traffic x
8, and the weather x on the same day
9, pedestrian situation x
10, visibility x
11, according to criterion
x is assigned to w
jin class, i.e. classification g (the X)=w of X
j;
Step H) if g (X) equals w
1or w
2, then differentiating that this section is current has the risk that traffic hazard occurs, and carries out early warning to driver,
Step I) if g (X) equals w
3, then this section is current is safe condition, without the need to the prompting that gives the alarm, goes to step G).
2. according to road real-time traffic accident risk control method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, detection road installs Vehicle License Plate Recognition System, the corresponding information data of driver in data bank is transferred for each board, extract its sex and driving age and passing traffic hazard historical data.
3., according to road real-time traffic accident risk control method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step G) in, transport information sampling time interval s meets 0.01≤s≤0.1.
4. according to road real-time traffic accident risk control method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step H) in early warning be: as passed through variable message board in this front, section, and start opertaing device, by controlling the ring road of road or the Intersections of through street, reduce upstream vehicle flow, by variable speed-limit plate to Current vehicle speed limit, reduce the travel speed of upstream vehicle.
5. according to road real-time traffic accident risk control method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, by variable speed-limit plate to Current vehicle speed limit, the car speed amplitude of each adjustment change is within 5km/h.
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