CN103645768A - Maximum power point tracing method for photovoltaic array - Google Patents
Maximum power point tracing method for photovoltaic array Download PDFInfo
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- CN103645768A CN103645768A CN201310663299.4A CN201310663299A CN103645768A CN 103645768 A CN103645768 A CN 103645768A CN 201310663299 A CN201310663299 A CN 201310663299A CN 103645768 A CN103645768 A CN 103645768A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The invention relates to a maximum power point tracing method for a photovoltaic array. On the basis of the fundamental principles of the constant pressure method and the perturbation and observation method, the constant pressure method and the perturbation and observation method are combined together, and therefore photovoltaic array maximum power point tracing is achieved. When the photovoltaic array is far away from the maximum power point, larger perturbation step length is adopted to improve the tracing speed; when the photovoltaic array is near the maximum power point, the smaller perturbation step length is adopted; power oscillation of the photovoltaic array on the maximum power point is effectively reduced. The maximum power point tracing method for the photovoltaic array solves the contradiction between an original perturbation and observation method and power oscillation, and also solves the problem that the constant pressure method is not the maximum power point tracing method indeed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to photovoltaic array maximum power point tracing method, be specifically related to the conventional photovoltaic array MPPT maximum power point tracking algorithms such as constant-voltage method and disturbance observation method.
Background technology
In the time of at a certain temperature, under different intensities of illumination, the corresponding voltage of photovoltaic array maximum power point is almost distributed in the both sides of a fixed voltage value.Constant-voltage method thinks if allow photovoltaic array be operated on this fixed voltage, and the photovoltaic array now of thinking that can be similar to works in maximum power point place.From principle, the method is not real maximum power point tracing method, but owing to only needing to detect the output voltage of photovoltaic array, detected parameters is few, controls simply, in some occasions, has also obtained application, but this method environmental suitability is poor, and can not realize optimum control [1].This mode has been ignored the impact of its working temperature on photovoltaic cell open-circuit voltage.Take monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic array as example, 1 ℃ of the every rising of its working temperature, its open-circuit voltage is by decline 0.35%-0.45%.This just shows that photovoltaic array maximum power point voltage is not unalterable, but along with the variation of temperature changes.In the larger area of Temperature Difference Ratio, if constant-voltage method is set an operating voltage all the time, so this method can not fully trace into the maximum power point [2] of photovoltaic array under all temperature environments.
Disturbance observation is at maximum power point place according to photovoltaic cell
the characteristic tracking of carrying out maximum power point control, by the disturbing signal that superposes on the basis of original output voltage, thereby change the output voltage of photovoltaic array, measure its corresponding output current, according to output voltage and output current, can calculate photovoltaic array output power at that time, and the output power before this power and output voltage change is made comparisons, with this, determine next step perturbation direction.It is simple that disturbance observation is controlled thinking, realizes more for convenience, only needs to detect output voltage and electric current, uses in actual applications more.In disturbance observation method disturbance step-length choose the size that has affected the tracking velocity of maximum power point algorithm and the concussion power at maximum power point place, for choosing of disturbance step-length, be to be therefore a good problem to study always.In disturbance observation method, the choosing of step-length will be taken into account system in the change dynamic responding speed in situation and in the control accuracy of the power at maximum power point place such as environmental factor, load.If the disturbance step-length D choosing is larger, before and after disturbance, the output voltage of photovoltaic array can produce larger variation, environmental change response speed is also just than comparatively fast to external world for photovoltaic array so, but larger disturbance step-length also can make photovoltaic array near maximum power point, produce larger oscillation of power; Hour, the photovoltaic array output voltage before and after disturbance changes little disturbance step-length D, has weakened near oscillation of power maximum power point, if but disturbance step-length is less, and also can cause the photovoltaic generating system response speed that environmental factor changes to external world slack-off.
Summary of the invention
On the basis of constant-voltage method and disturbance observation ultimate principle, constant-voltage method and disturbance observation are combined, thereby realized the tracking of photovoltaic array maximum power point, the basic thought of the method: when away from maximum power point, adopt larger disturbance step-length to improve tracking velocity; And adopt less disturbance step-length near maximum power point time, effectively reduced the oscillation of power of photovoltaic array at maximum power point place.
In order to improve the dynamic responding speed of track algorithm, can reduce again the oscillation of power at maximum power point place as far as possible, the method to set up of improving disturbance observation step-length just seems particularly important.
It is known according to constant-voltage method: if maximum power point voltage approximate value differs larger in the output voltage of photovoltaic array and constant-voltage method, just show that now photovoltaic array working point is away from maximum power point, at this moment need to allow system fast as far as possible close to maximum power point, it is larger that now disturbance step-length can be chosen; And maximum power point voltage approximate value differs smaller in the output voltage of photovoltaic cell and constant-voltage method, illustrate that photovoltaic cell has now been operated near maximum power point, in order to reduce the power oscillation at maximum power point place, need to adopt less step-length.Based on this, quick MPPT control method in this paper realizes principle suc as formula shown in (1):
In formula:
for disturbance step-length (change in duty cycle); U is photovoltaic cell output voltage now,
for this reason photovoltaic cell at maximum power point place corresponding voltage approximate value.Near maximum power point,
just less, no matter be in maximum power point left side or on maximum power point right side, from maximum power point more away from,
just larger.
In order to verify the validity of the MPPT maximum power point tracking algorithm that constant-voltage method combines with disturbance observation, we take a series of photovoltaic cells, and as example, under the status of criterion, (intensity of illumination is 1000W/m2, temperature is 25 ℃), the maximum power point situation obtaining is as shown in table 1.The MPPT maximum power point tracking algorithm that constant-voltage method combines with disturbance observation has solved the contradiction between original disturbance observation method tracking velocity and oscillation of power, and having solved constant-voltage method is not the problem of MPPT maximum power point tracking algorithm truly yet.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is algorithm flow.
Embodiment
By voltage sensor and current sensor, gather the voltage and current of photovoltaic array, the voltage that photovoltaic array maximum power point is corresponding is set, the voltage of coming by collection and the voltage of setting compare, the step-length of deterministic disturbances observation method, by comparing the rising of power or reducing the correctness that carrys out deterministic disturbances direction, thereby make photovoltaic array be operated in maximum power point.
Above embodiment is only the preferred embodiment of this creation, not in order to limit this creation, any modification of making, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in the protection domain of this creation within all spirit in this creation and principle.
List of references
[1] Xu Pengwei, Liu Fei, Liu Bangyin, etc. the analysis of several photovoltaic system MPPT methods is compared and improvement [J]. Power Electronic Technique, 2007,41 (5): 3-6.
[2] Zhang Chao, He Xiangning. short-circuit current is followed the tracks of the application [J] in controlling in conjunction with disturbance observation at photovoltaic maximum power point. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2006,26 (20): 98-102.
Claims (2)
1. a photovoltaic array maximum power point tracing method, is characterized in that: on the basis of constant-voltage method and disturbance observation ultimate principle, constant-voltage method and disturbance observation are combined, thereby realized the tracking of photovoltaic array maximum power point.
2. a kind of photovoltaic array maximum power point tracing method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: when away from maximum power point, adopt larger disturbance step-length to improve tracking velocity; And adopt less disturbance step-length near maximum power point time.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104571256A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-04-29 | 国家电网公司 | Photovoltaic power extreme value searching system and method considering illumination change |
| CN105159387A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-16 | 江苏金智科技股份有限公司 | Maximum power point implementation method and device base on three-level step length |
| CN110174920A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-08-27 | 上海空间电源研究所 | A kind of solar battery array variable step MPPT control circuit and control method |
| CN111276960A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2020-06-12 | 中国矿业大学 | Energy storage module prediction control method in light-storage direct current micro-grid system |
-
2013
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104571256A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-04-29 | 国家电网公司 | Photovoltaic power extreme value searching system and method considering illumination change |
| CN105159387A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-16 | 江苏金智科技股份有限公司 | Maximum power point implementation method and device base on three-level step length |
| CN105159387B (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2016-11-23 | 江苏金智科技股份有限公司 | Maximum power point implementation methods based on three grades of step-lengths and device |
| CN111276960A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2020-06-12 | 中国矿业大学 | Energy storage module prediction control method in light-storage direct current micro-grid system |
| CN111276960B (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2023-12-26 | 中国矿业大学 | Energy storage module predictive control method in light-storage direct-current micro-grid system |
| CN110174920A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-08-27 | 上海空间电源研究所 | A kind of solar battery array variable step MPPT control circuit and control method |
| CN110174920B (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2021-08-10 | 上海空间电源研究所 | Variable-step MPPT control circuit and control method for solar cell array |
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Application publication date: 20140319 |
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