CN103643034A - Method for reducing granular ferronickel through laterite-nickel ore in two-stage rotary kiln - Google Patents
Method for reducing granular ferronickel through laterite-nickel ore in two-stage rotary kiln Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for reducing granular ferronickel through laterite-nickel ore in a two-stage rotary kiln. The method comprises the steps of adding a drying agent to laterite-nickel ore containing adsorption water, uniformly stirring and mixing, dehydrating and drying; crushing a mixture, adding a reducing agent and a granular ferronickel additive, uniformly mixing, and carrying out reduction roasting in a first stage of rotary kiln; and carrying out smelting reduction on materials subjected to reduction roasting in high temperature in a second stage of rotary kiln, and quenching, cooling, crushing, ball-milling and magnetically separating the materials subjected to reduction roasting to obtain the high-grade granular ferronickel. The method is simple in production, convenient to operate, low in energy consumption, low in cost and high in nickel recovery rate, and the produced ferronickel particle can be directly used as a high-quality raw material for smelting stainless steel. The method is applicable to laterite-nickel ores differing in grade and type.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to Non-ferrous Metallurgy field, particularly a kind of red soil nickel ore reduces the method for grain nickel iron in two sections of rotary kilns.
Background technology:
Along with social development, the progress of science and technology, stainless steel is used widely in the world, and traditional nickel master metal will be extracted from nickel sulfide ore, but its resource can not meet social needs, force people to extract metallic nickel from the red soil nickel ore of occupation of land ball nickel resources approximately 80%.
The technique of extracting metallic nickel in current red soil nickel ore in the world has three kinds.That is: thermal process, wet processing, fiery wet method combined process.Wherein thermal process is mainly blast furnace and rotary kiln-electrosmelting.The outer reducing and smelting ferronickel technique of stove, not only requires the grade of red soil nickel ore to want high, and need to consume a large amount of energy, and the silicon magnesium ratio of raw material is also had to requirement.Wet processing, it is sulfuric acid pressure leaching process, although realized at present suitability for industrialized production, but because it adopts condition of high voltage operation, equipment, scale, investment, operation control and ore grade, magnesium oxide etc. are had to higher requirement, especially in sulfuric acid expensive today, by pickling process, extract metallic nickel, not only cost is high, and produces a large amount of waste liquids, and environment is caused to severe contamination.Fire wet method combined process, is mainly raw ore reduction roasting-ammonia leaching technique, process low-grade laterite nickel ore, but the rate of recovery is low, cost is high, has belonged to superseded technique.Above-mentioned processing unit is not only invested greatly, energy consumption is many, and its ferronickel grade of producing is also lower.At present domestic have some areas to utilize blast-furnace smelting Rhometal, and same existence invested the shortcoming large, tooling cost is high, and seriously polluted environment.
In first to file (patent publication No.: process for preparing nickel ferroalloy by melting and reducing laterite nickel ore 200710034750.0), first the nickel oxide in red soil nickel ore and rhombohedral iron ore prereduction are converted into metallic nickel and metallic iron or Z 250, then utilize wet magnetic separation, make ferronickel significantly when enrichment, the harmful elements such as gangue and sulphur, phosphorus are removed, and the ferronickel concentrate finally prereduction being obtained carries out melting and reducing and prepares Rhometal.Its production stage is: prereduction-magnetic separation-smelting reduction process is produced, its technique is more complicated, tooling cost is higher, the energy consumption of smelting ferronickel alloy is high, and the nickel grade of producing is not high, and economic benefit is lower, particularly red soil nickel ore enters before rotary kiln reduction, meal must be dried grinding, then pressure ball oven dry, and facility investment is large.
At first to file (number of patent application: reduction one mill concentration treatment of dissimilar red soil nickel ore 200610163831.6), its production stage is: by the broken mill of red soil nickel ore, add carbonaceous raw material, composite additive mix grinding, with ball egg shaping mechanism, become pelletizing, then dry, adopt after rotary kiln reducing roasting, slightly break, then carry out after wet ball grinding, adopt shaking table to carry out gravity treatment, the ferronickel concentrate that gravity treatment obtains adopts 3000-5000 Gauss's magnetic separator to sort, and just obtains high-grade ferronickel collective concentrate.Although nickel grade is higher in the ferronickel concentrate that this method is selected, not grain nickel iron alloy, its complete processing is more complicated, and cost is higher, can not directly enter electrosmelting stainless steel.Red soil nickel ore reduction still needs to be dried, and grinding accounts for 90% to 120 orders, reproduces ball and dries, and facility investment is still very large.
Foregoing invention has different creativity and innovation features, but red soil nickel ore enters before rotary kiln, complete processing is complicated, need first fragmentation, mix grinding, pelletizing processed, drying is just sent in rotary kiln and is reduced after processing, and its equipment is more complicated, production cost is higher, especially the pelletizing that superzapping becomes, in kiln, constantly rolling is fallen breeze and the coal ash that friction forms and is being subject under the oxygenizement of furnace gas, makes the red soil nickel ore powder of partial reduction generate the SiO in FeO and coal ash
2form the ferric metasilicate of low melting point, produce the sticky kiln of high viscosity liquid phase, form the long thick ring formation of kliner coating, impact is normally produced.In addition, that in foregoing invention, uses receives salt additives, is easily reduced and is the steam effusion bed of material under rotary kiln reductive condition, to cold zone condensation deposition, forms the sticky kiln of low melting point silicate with kiln lining, forms the long thick ring formation of kliner coating.Moreover foregoing invention, red soil nickel ore is reducing roasting in rotary kiln, through grinding, what magneticly elect is ferronickel fine ore rather than grain nickel iron alloy, can not directly enter electrosmelting stainless steel, also needs within molten minute, could smelt into Rhometal through smelting furnace.
Method at a kind of red soil nickel ore direct-reduction grain nickel iron in rotary kiln of first to file (number of patent application 200810183408.1), complete according to the following steps: first containing in the red soil nickel ore of planar water, adding siccative, be uniformly mixed, red soil nickel ore is dehydrated; Then above-mentioned compound is broken, add reductive agent and grain nickel iron aggregating agent prepared therefrom, mix; Again the above-mentioned material mixing is directly sent into and in rotary kiln, carried out reducing roasting; After reducing roasting, material is discharged in stove, and, ball milling cooling, broken through shrend, then use magnetic separator magnetic separation, just can obtain high-grade grain nickel iron alloy.Although the ring formation that this production method is produced grain nickel iron to rotary kiln for directly reducing laterite makes moderate progress, but due to misoperation and the fluctuation of grain nickel iron additive, laterite will produce sticky liquid phase in same rotary kiln, inevitably, at the sticky kiln ring formation in the joint portion of rotary kiln zone of reduction and high-temperature liquid facies tract, can not fundamentally solve a ring formation difficult problem of producing grain nickel iron with rotary kiln reduction red soil nickel ore.
Summary of the invention:
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of red soil nickel ore and in two sections of rotary kilns, reduce the method for grain nickel iron, it has made up at present red soil nickel ore reduction in rotary kiln, cooling, ball milling, the technologic defect of magnetic separation ferronickel fine ore, can obtain nickeliferous Rhometal particle of high grade, replace smelting furnace smelting ferronickel alloy technology.
The present invention is a kind of method that red soil nickel ore is produced grain nickel iron in two sections of rotary kilns, completes according to the following steps:
First adding siccative containing in the red soil nickel ore of planar water, be uniformly mixed, red soil nickel ore is dehydrated; Then above-mentioned compound is broken, add reductive agent and grain nickel iron additive, mix; Again the above-mentioned material mixing is directly sent into and in first paragraph rotary kiln, carried out reducing roasting; After reducing roasting, material is delivered to the melting and reducing that carries out higher temperature in second segment rotary kiln, and after reducing roasting, material, through cooling, broken, the ball milling of shrend, magnetic separation, just can obtain high-grade grain nickel iron alloy.
The present invention only need add desiccant dryness in red soil nickel ore, after fragmentation, add reductive agent, grain nickel iron additive to mix, can carry out reducing roasting, shrend again, fragmentation, ball milling, magnetic separation after reducing roasting, can obtain the grain nickel iron that nickel recovery is high, nickel is of high grade.The present invention is the liquid phase viscosity that reduces red soil nickel ore under the reduction temperature of red soil nickel ore and high temperature owing to using the effect of grain nickel iron additive, guarantee that red soil nickel ore can not produce sticky liquid phase, sticky kiln and form the long thick ring formation of kliner coating in rotary kiln, and improved reduction reaction speed, under the condition of selective reduction red soil nickel ore, make highly dispersed gather together at FeO nickel shot around, promote grain nickel iron crystal to grow up, be gathered into large grain nickel iron, be convenient to ball milling magnetic separation separated, thereby improve nickel grade and the rate of recovery.The present invention is short and thick kiln owing to having adopted second segment with rotary kiln, diameter is 3-5 rice, length is 5-10 rice (being that rotary kiln coal powder injection device is sprayed onto coal dust the range of kiln tail from kiln hood), even misoperation, the sticky kiln ring formation of additive fluctuation also can be burnt ring formation with coal powder injection device location coal powder injection concentrate firepower and form molten, liquid phase viscosity reduces, thereby has guaranteed that not gluing kiln ring formation rotary kiln normally produces.In addition, the present invention to the grade of the chemical composition of red soil nickel ore and nickel without excessive demand, be nickel oxide ore or silicic acid nickel minerals all available explained hereafter of the present invention go out higher-grade grain nickel iron, the grade of nickel can reach 15-20%, the rate of recovery can reach more than 90%.The present invention has saved the equipment of drying equipment, milling equipment, pressure ball equipment and the dry pelletizing of red soil nickel ore, under equal industrial scale, project construction investment is compared with existing related process investment, production technique reduces, the ferronickel cost of producing significantly reduces, solved ring formation in one section of rotary kiln formidable kiln of a specified duration, the normal difficult problem of producing of impact.Meanwhile, reduced environmental pollution.
The present invention has advantages of that production technique is simple, easy to operate, Production Flow Chart is short, has saved the energy consumption of smelting ferronickel alloy, and cost is low, and the grain nickel iron alloy of producing is of high grade.The grain nickel iron alloying pellet that the present invention produces can be directly as the stainless high quality raw material of electrosmelting.The rate of recovery of nickel of the present invention is high, particularly compares with rotary kiln reduction magnetic separation ferronickel fine ore, has saved the cost of smelting ferronickel alloy, economic benefits.The present invention is applicable to various grades and dissimilar red soil nickel ore reduction, has obvious economic benefit and social benefit, and promotion prospect is wide.
Embodiment:
The present invention is that a kind of red soil nickel ore reduces the method for grain nickel iron in two sections of rotary kilns, complete according to the following steps: first containing in the red soil nickel ore of planar water, adding siccative, be uniformly mixed, described siccative is calcareous unslaked lime or magnesia unslaked lime, and the consumption of the siccative adding is: make red soil nickel ore dehydrate to the weight in wet base in the compound of red soil nickel ore and siccative be 8-10%.Then the compound dehydrating is crushed to grain diameter and is less than or equal to 5mm.And then add reductive agent and grain nickel iron additive to mix.Described reductive agent is carbonaceous reducing agent, adopts coal dust or coke powder, and the weight of carbonaceous reducing agent is the 3-9% of the former red soil nickel ore weight containing planar water.Described grain nickel iron additive is calcium chloride, monazite, szaibelyite and sulfurous iron ore, and the weight of grain nickel iron additive is also the 3-9% of raw ore weight.Weight ratio between calcium chloride, monazite, szaibelyite and sulfurous iron ore is 4:1.5:1:1.The above-mentioned material mixing is without grinding, pelletizing, dries, and directly sends into and in rotary kiln, carries out reducing roasting.Reduction temperature in rotary kiln is controlled at 1000-1100 ℃, and the time of reducing roasting is 3-5 hour.After reducing roasting, material is delivered in second segment rotary kiln again and is carried out high-temperature fusion reduction, and temperature is controlled at 1300-1400 ℃, and the recovery time is 2-3 hour.Iron-doped nickel oxide through being reduced into spongy ferronickel, oozes charcoal under high temperature in one section of rotary kiln in second segment rotary kiln, under the katalysis of grain nickel iron additive and in the process of body of heater rotation, collides with each other, and is combined into grain nickel iron.After reducing roasting, material is discharged in stove, through shrend, be cooled to 25-50 ℃, more broken, ball milling becomes 180-220 object fineness, then use 2000-2500 Gauss's magnetic separator magnetic separation, just can obtain high-grade grain nickel iron alloy, the grade of its nickel can reach 15-20%.
Embodiment 1
By moisture red soil nickel ore powder (Nil.41, Tfe8%) with calcareous unslaked lime, mix that to be dried to weight in wet base be 7% thoroughly, be crushed to particle diameter and be 5mm to the maximum, add the carbonaceous reducing agent of raw ore weight 8% and 7% grain nickel iron additive to mix, directly send into the reducing roasting of first paragraph rotary kiln, temperature is controlled at 1000 ℃, and the recovery time is 5 hours.After reducing roasting, deliver to second segment and carry out high-temperature fusion reduction with rotary kiln, temperature is controlled at 1300 ℃, and the recovery time is 3 hours.After high-temperature fusion reduction, through shrend, be cooled to 30 ℃, carry out cracker and wear into 200 object fineness, then use 2000 Gausses' magnetic separator magnetic separation, obtain grain nickel iron, nickel grade can reach 15.2%, and the rate of recovery of nickel reaches 90.1%.
Embodiment 2
By moisture red soil nickel ore powder (Nil.8, Tfe8.2%) with 5% calcareous unslaked lime, mix that to be dried to weight in wet base be 8% thoroughly, be crushed to particle diameter and be 5mm to the maximum, add the carbonaceous reducing agent of raw ore weight 8% and 7% grain nickel iron additive to mix, directly send into the reducing roasting of first paragraph rotary kiln, temperature is controlled at 1050 ℃, and the recovery time is 4 hours.After reducing roasting material, deliver to second segment rotary kiln and carry out high-temperature fusion reduction, temperature is controlled at 1350 ℃, and the recovery time is 2.5 hours.After high-temperature fusion reduction, through shrend, carry out broken ball milling, then use 2000 Gausses' magnetic separator magnetic separation, obtain grain nickel iron, nickel grade can reach 18%, and the rate of recovery of nickel reaches 90%.
Embodiment 3
By moisture red soil nickel ore powder (Nil.1.75, Tfe6.3%) with 5% calcareous unslaked lime, mix thoroughly dry, be crushed to below 5mm, add the carbonaceous reducing agent of raw ore weight 8% and 7% grain nickel iron additive to mix, directly send into the reducing roasting of first paragraph rotary kiln, temperature is controlled at 1100 ℃, and the recovery time is 3 hours.After reducing roasting material, deliver to second segment and carry out high-temperature fusion reduction with rotary kiln, temperature is controlled at 1300 ℃, and the recovery time is 2 hours.After high-temperature fusion reduction, through shrend, be cooled to 35 ℃, carry out cracker and wear into 200 object fineness, then use 2000 Gausses' magnetic separator magnetic separation, obtain grain nickel iron, nickel grade can reach 20%, and the rate of recovery of nickel reaches 91%.
Claims (9)
1. red soil nickel ore reduces a method for grain nickel iron in two sections of rotary kilns, completes according to the following steps:
First adding siccative containing in the red soil nickel ore of planar water, be uniformly mixed, red soil nickel ore is dehydrated; Then above-mentioned compound is broken, add reductive agent and grain nickel iron additive, mix; Again the above-mentioned material mixing is directly sent into and in first paragraph rotary kiln, carried out reducing roasting; After reducing roasting, expect that delivering to second segment rotary kiln carries out higher temperature melting and reducing; Material after reduction is discharged in stove, and, ball milling cooling, broken through shrend, then use magnetic separator magnetic separation, makes to obtain high-grade grain nickel iron alloy.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described siccative is calcareous unslaked lime or magnesia unslaked lime, and the consumption of the siccative adding is: make red soil nickel ore dehydrate to the weight in wet base in the compound of red soil nickel ore and siccative be 8-10%.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the compound dehydrating is crushed to grain diameter and is less than or equal to 5mm, and then adds reductive agent and grain nickel iron additive to mix.
4. according to the method described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that: described reductive agent is carbonaceous reducing agent, adopt coal dust or coke powder, the weight of carbonaceous reducing agent is the 3-9% of the former red soil nickel ore weight containing planar water.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described grain nickel iron additive is for being calcium chloride, monazite, szaibelyite and sulfurous iron ore, and the weight of grain nickel iron additive is the 3-9% of raw ore weight.
6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the weight ratio between calcium chloride, monazite, szaibelyite, sulfurous iron ore is 4:1.5:1:1.
7. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the reduction temperature in first paragraph rotary kiln is controlled at 1000-1100 ℃, and the time of reducing roasting is 3-5 hour.
8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the reduction temperature in second segment rotary kiln is controlled at 1300-1400 ℃, and the time of reducing roasting is 2-3 hour.
9. method according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the material after described reducing roasting is cooled to 25-50 ℃ through shrend, more broken, ball milling becomes 180-220 object fineness, then uses magnetic separator magnetic separation.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103952541A (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2014-07-30 | 上海火红冶炼技术服务有限公司 | Double rotary kiln and nickel and iron reduction method |
| CN104988302A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-10-21 | 兰州理工大学 | Nickel slag processing method for efficiently recovering iron resource |
| CN105586498A (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-05-18 | 李宾 | Method for producing ferronickel through efficient step forking type rotary reduction furnace in direct reduction manner |
| CN105603214A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-05-25 | 朝阳力宝重工机械有限公司 | Method for producing ferronickel by directly reducing laterite-nickel ore in rotary kiln |
| CN105671305A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-06-15 | 福安市康齐动力科技有限公司 | Method for chloridizing, roasting and reducing laterite-nickel ore through bittern to prepare ferro-nickel fine powder |
| CN105695773A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-06-22 | 昆明理工大学 | Method of preparing nickel-iron alloy through natural gas two-step reduction of nickel laterite and electric furnace smelting separation |
| CN105714009A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-06-29 | 余金铭 | Method and device for preparing ferronickel from laterite nickel ores |
| CN106636625A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2017-05-10 | 宝钢德盛不锈钢有限公司 | Method for producing ferronickel by adopting rotary kiln direct reduction-RKEF (Rotary Kiln-Electric Furnace) combination method |
| CN107267776A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-10-20 | 沈阳有色金属研究院 | A kind of method that lateritic nickel ore direct-reduction beneficiation enrichment produces ferronickel |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103952541B (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2016-01-20 | 上海火红冶炼技术服务有限公司 | The method of double back rotary kiln and reduced nickel and iron |
| CN103952541A (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2014-07-30 | 上海火红冶炼技术服务有限公司 | Double rotary kiln and nickel and iron reduction method |
| CN104988302A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-10-21 | 兰州理工大学 | Nickel slag processing method for efficiently recovering iron resource |
| CN105695773A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-06-22 | 昆明理工大学 | Method of preparing nickel-iron alloy through natural gas two-step reduction of nickel laterite and electric furnace smelting separation |
| CN105671305A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-06-15 | 福安市康齐动力科技有限公司 | Method for chloridizing, roasting and reducing laterite-nickel ore through bittern to prepare ferro-nickel fine powder |
| CN105603214A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-05-25 | 朝阳力宝重工机械有限公司 | Method for producing ferronickel by directly reducing laterite-nickel ore in rotary kiln |
| CN105586498A (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-05-18 | 李宾 | Method for producing ferronickel through efficient step forking type rotary reduction furnace in direct reduction manner |
| WO2017157092A1 (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2017-09-21 | 李宾 | Method for producing ferronickel by means of high efficiency step forking type rotary reduction furnace in direct reduction manner |
| CN105586498B (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2017-09-26 | 李宾 | The method of efficient step fork fraction rotary reduction furnace direct-reduction production ferronickel |
| CN105714009A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-06-29 | 余金铭 | Method and device for preparing ferronickel from laterite nickel ores |
| CN106636625A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2017-05-10 | 宝钢德盛不锈钢有限公司 | Method for producing ferronickel by adopting rotary kiln direct reduction-RKEF (Rotary Kiln-Electric Furnace) combination method |
| CN107267776A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-10-20 | 沈阳有色金属研究院 | A kind of method that lateritic nickel ore direct-reduction beneficiation enrichment produces ferronickel |
| CN107267776B (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2019-11-08 | 沈阳有色金属研究院 | A kind of method of lateritic nickel ore direct-reduction-beneficiation enrichment production ferronickel |
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Application publication date: 20140319 |