CN103636743B - Refrigeration and preservation method of fresh lotus with shell - Google Patents
Refrigeration and preservation method of fresh lotus with shell Download PDFInfo
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- Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
- Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a refrigeration and preservation method of fresh lotus with shell, which mainly comprises the following steps: (1) pretreating fresh picked lotus seedpods at low temperature; (2) screening fresh lotus seeds with hulls which are full in appearance; (3) instant blanching; (4) protecting color, preserving freshness and coating; (5) a small bag of iron powder drying agent is clamped in the inner bag and is packed in vacuum; (6) and (5) refrigerating at a low temperature of 2-4 ℃ to obtain a finished product. The method effectively slows down the physiological metabolic activities of the fresh lotus with shell, such as photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration and the like; the color browning of the lotus seed during storage is slowed down, the appearance quality of the fresh lotus seed is fully kept, the nutritional quality and the flavor of the lotus seed are well kept, and the effective fresh-keeping period can reach more than 3 months. The method has the advantages of simple processing technology, strong operability, low investment, low energy consumption, safety and no pollution, greatly prolongs the shelf life of the fresh lotus seeds, and opens up a new way for high-value utilization of lotus seed products.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fruit and vegetable fresh preservation technical field, be specifically related to a kind of cold-storage and fresh-keeping method with the fresh lotus of shell.
Background technology
Lotus (
nelumbonuciferaGaertn) be aquatic herbaceous plant for many years, it is China's special product, lotus seeds are rich in protein, carbohydrate, vitamin and the trace element such as multiple essential amino acid, flavonoids, water-soluble polysaccharide, superoxide dismutase and calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, it is generally acknowledged all-ages excellent tonic product, there is the effect of the puckery essence of tonifying spleen antidiarrheal, kidney-nourishing, mental-tranquilization, brain tonic and intelligence development, more suitable for person in middle and old age's human body void, insomnia, poor appetite and cancer patient.The medical value of lotus seeds and edibility are all very high, market is main mainly with drying and quick-frozen lotus seed, and dry lotus has lacked nutritive value and the local flavor of fresh lotus because of it, and quality are hard, inconvenient eating; Though quick-frozen lotus seed can keep fresh lotus quality to a certain extent, because its production and transport cost is high, and because of the generation of ice crystal, the texture characteristic that after thawing, fresh lotus seed is intrinsic changes, and causes its local flavor and mouthfeel deterioration all in various degree; Fresh lotus seed is because its exterior quality is full, fragrant taste is sweet tender, nutritious comprehensively dark in consumption favor.But the collecting season due to lotus seeds is during the broiling summer, Physiology and biochemistry and metabolism are all in higher level, and therefore the storage property of fresh lotus is poor.At normal temperatures, the very easily brown stain of fresh lotus, to rot, even if commercial value is low generally at about 10 days (2 ~ 4 DEG C) its storage delivery period under refrigerated conditions.
Zhang Min etc. discloses " a kind of combined refreshing method (publication number: CN102057981A) of prolonging shelf life of fresh vegetable lotus seed ", according to lotus seeds post-harvest physiology characteristic and quality comparison, by harvesting control, vacuum pre-cooling, 1-MCP is stifling, MAP packs and refrigeration combines, can make the shelf life extension about two weeks of lotus seeds, freshness date can reach 15 ~ 16 days.Zheng Baodong etc. disclose " a kind of superhigh pressure fresh-keeping process (publication number: CN102630742A) keeping fresh lotus quality ", successively gathered by fresh lotus, the striping that shells, logical core, protect look, vacuum packaging, ultra high pressure treatment, packaging, refrigeration and obtain corresponding product, under can realizing refrigerated condition, fresh lotus preservation term extends to more than 3 months.The former fresh keeping time is too short, and commercial value is not high; The latter's freshness date can reach more than 3 months, but technique relative complex, need to use special ultrahigh pressure treatment equipment.Therefore, find a kind of simple and efficient fresh lotus preservation technique, for lifting lotus seeds industrial one, increase the additional output value of lotus seeds, meet consumer demand all significant.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of cold-storage and fresh-keeping method with the fresh lotus of shell.
In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme provided by the invention is:
The cold-storage and fresh-keeping method of the fresh lotus of described band shell comprises the following steps:
(1) after the fresh seedpod of the lotus being plucked in the low temperature environment of 2 ~ 4 DEG C Cold pretreatment 2 ~ 4 hours;
(2) from the fresh seedpod of the lotus after Cold pretreatment, strip that external form is full, the fresh lotus of band shell of major diameter 18 ~ 25cm, wide footpath 12 ~ 18mm;
(3) the fresh lotus of shell 80 ~ 100 DEG C of blanchings 5 ~ 10 seconds will be with;
(4) with the fresh lotus of keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid Coating tape shell, described keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid is that pulullan polysaccharide powder to be added pH value be formulated in the Ning lemon Suan Na – citrate buffer solution of 6.5, and in described keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid, pulullan polysaccharide mass percent is 0.25 ~ 0.75%;
(5) vacuum packaging together with deoxidation drying agent after the fresh lotus of band shell that is coated with keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid is air-dry, then refrigerates.
Wherein, step (4) is cooled to room temperature after being boiled by previously prepared keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid, the fresh lotus of shell then will be with by keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid, or pick the fresh lotus of keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid Coating tape shell with towel or sponge.
Step (5) described vacuum packaging loads in polypropylene film bag together with deoxidation drying agent after air-dry for the fresh lotus of band shell of smearing keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid, then packs with vacuum packing machine.Described deoxidation drying agent is made up of the component of following mass percent: iron powder 80 ~ 90%; Calcium oxide 10 ~ 20%.Described iron powder purity is 60 ~ 90%, and iron particle size is 0.10 ~ 0.5mm.Step (5) described refrigerated storage temperature is 2 ~ 4 DEG C.
Present invention also offers a kind of keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid, this keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid is that pulullan polysaccharide powder to be added pH value be formulated in the Ning lemon Suan Na – citrate buffer solution of 6.5, and in described keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid, pulullan polysaccharide mass percent is 0.25 ~ 0.75%.
The present invention will be further explained below:
The Cold pretreatment of the fresh harvesting seedpod of the lotus described in step (1), be intended to by plucking ground low temperature accumulating, the biologically active of reduction or partial deactivation polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase etc., reduce fresh lotus and breathe transpiration, slow down the lotus shell color changes such as the brown stain that in storage and transport process of gathering, high ambient temperature may cause; The screening of the fresh lotus of the described fresh band shell of step (2), according to the turgor of orchard worker's experience and the external form of lotus seeds own, picks out the ripe fresh lotus of fresh band shell.Long-term follow research finds, for Hunan Province's Hunan lotus seeds kind, particularly " very little three lotuses ", the fresh lotus of fresh band shell of major diameter 18 ~ 25cm, wide footpath 12 ~ 18mm has good maturity, so that pluck after screening, in the present invention specially preferred dimension as the choice criteria of maturity.Step (3) described 80 ~ 100 DEG C moment blanching treatment 5 ~ 10 seconds, implement high-temperature instantaneous process, be intended to the biologically active of further passivation polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase etc., slow down lotus seeds browning; The configuration of the described keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid of step (4), selecting of Ning Meng Suan – sodium citrate buffer solution, because citric acid is conventional and efficient color stabilizer; Selecting of buffer system, can maintain certain pH scope, all has good inhibitory action to biology enzyme system and growing of microorganism.Be cooled to room temperature after buffer solution boils, can in advance preventing microorganism etc. by the fresh lotus of buffer solution system contact zones shell.Then, pick the fresh lotus of the manual erasing band shell of keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid with towel or sponge, also the conveyer belt of fresh for carrier tape shell lotus can be slow transitted through keeping fresh and protecting color buffer solution.Because of the film forming characteristics that the blue polysaccharide solution in Shandong is excellent, preferably contained the sodium citrate-citric acid buffer solution system of the pulullan polysaccharide of 0.25 ~ 0.75% by a large amount of experimental studies as keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid.Step (5) is by the fresh lotus of band shell through keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid film, air-dry, loads in polypropylene film bag, is entrained into deoxidation drying agent parcel, packs with vacuum packing machine.Wherein iron powder can in conjunction with the oxygen of fresh lotus photosynthesis generation, the carbon dioxide that calcium oxide can produce with respiration is combined, wherein effective proportioning of iron powder and calcium oxide, optimized by the experimental results and obtain, can slow down band shell fresh lotus breathing and photosynthetic while, maintain its faint vital movement.Prove that the deepfreeze temperature of the fresh lotus of band shell is advisable with 2 ~ 4 DEG C by large quantity research, raw material is good with Fu Lian simultaneously.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is:
1. the inventive method adopt place of production Cold pretreatment to solve fresh lotus seed color and luster change that high temperature in traditional picking process causes greatly, the key technical problem such as aging severity, reduce the activity of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase, slow down the change of lotus seeds color and luster, reduce lotus seeds loss through breathing.
2. the inventive method adopts keeping fresh and protecting color coating method, make use of the color-protecting function of citric acid and the excellent film forming characteristics of pulullan polysaccharide solution, both effectively combine, and achieve the efficient keeping fresh and protecting color of fresh lotus seed, the destruction be worth nutritious lotus seed is little, maintains the original color and luster of lotus seeds and local flavor.
3. the present invention is by keeping fresh and protecting color and carry the vacuum-packed way of deoxidier secretly, effectively slow down lotus seeds to breathe and photosynthesis, fresh lotus seed is made to be in faint life state, effectively extend the shelf life of fresh lotus seed, product maintains the original form of pulp, local flavor, nutritional labeling composition and presentation quality preferably, and the color and luster of product is good, and under 2 ~ 4 DEG C of cryogenic conditions, effective freshness date reaches more than 3 months, substantially prolongs the shelf life of fresh lotus seed, improve the added value of product of lotus seeds.
In a word, the inventive method processing technology is simple, workable, and small investment, energy consumption are low, safety non-pollution, substantially prolongs the shelf life of fresh lotus seed, and the higher value application for lotus seeds product opens new approach.
detailed description of the invention:
embodiment 1
The place of production fresh harvesting seedpod of the lotus 100kg, is placed in 4 DEG C of low-temperature cold store car precooling 3h immediately in the place of production, selectively strip that external form is full, the fresh lotus of fresh band shell of major diameter 20cm, wide footpath 15mm, 80 DEG C moment blanching treatment 10 seconds.Be the sodium citrate-citric acid buffer solution system of the pulullan polysaccharide of 0.50% by the mass percent prepared in advance, pick manual the wiping on of above-mentioned keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid with sponge and be with the fresh lotus of shell.Air-dry, load in polypropylene film bag, be entrained into by granularity be 0.10mm, purity be 80% iron powder 90%(mass percent), calcium oxide 10%(mass percent) the deoxidation drying agent parcel that forms, pack with vacuum packing machine, deepfreeze 35 days under 4 DEG C of conditions, lotus seeds profile is without disadvantageous changes, color and luster is homogeneous, with newly adopting lotus seeds without two samples.
embodiment 2
The place of production fresh harvesting seedpod of the lotus 200kg, is placed in 2 DEG C of low-temperature cold store car precooling 4h immediately in the place of production, selectively strip that external form is full, the fresh lotus of fresh band shell of major diameter 24cm, wide footpath 16mm, 90 DEG C moment blanching treatment 6 seconds.Be the sodium citrate-citric acid buffer solution system of the pulullan polysaccharide of 0.75% by the mass percent prepared in advance, pick manual the wiping on of above-mentioned keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid with sponge and be with the fresh lotus of shell.Air-dry, load in polypropylene film bag, be entrained into by granularity be 0.05mm, purity be 90% iron powder 80%(mass percent), calcium oxide 20%(mass percent) the deoxidation drying agent parcel that forms, pack with vacuum packing machine, deepfreeze 40 days under 2 DEG C of conditions, lotus seeds profile is without disadvantageous changes, color and luster is homogeneous, with newly adopting lotus seeds without two samples.
embodiment 3
A kind of keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid, this keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid is that pulullan polysaccharide powder to be added pH value be formulated in the Ning lemon Suan Na – citrate buffer solution of 6.5, and in described keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid, the mass percent of pulullan polysaccharide is 0.25 ~ 0.75%.
Claims (6)
1. the cold-storage and fresh-keeping method with the fresh lotus of shell, is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
(1) after the fresh seedpod of the lotus being plucked in the low temperature environment of 2 ~ 4 DEG C Cold pretreatment 2 ~ 4 hours;
(2) from the fresh seedpod of the lotus after Cold pretreatment, strip that external form is full, the fresh lotus of band shell of major diameter 18 ~ 25mm, wide footpath 12 ~ 18mm;
(3) the fresh lotus of shell 80 ~ 100 DEG C of blanchings 5 ~ 10 seconds will be with;
(4) with the fresh lotus of keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid Coating tape shell, described keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid is that pulullan polysaccharide powder to be added pH value be formulated in the Ning lemon Suan Na – citrate buffer solution of 6.5, and in described keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid, the mass percent of pulullan polysaccharide is 0.25 ~ 0.75%;
(5) vacuum packaging together with deoxidation drying agent after the fresh lotus of band shell that is coated with keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid is air-dry, then refrigerates.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, step (4) is that previously prepared keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid is cooled to room temperature after boiling, and the fresh lotus of shell then will be with by keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid, or pick the fresh lotus of keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid Coating tape shell with towel or sponge.
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, step (5) described vacuum packaging loads in polypropylene film bag together with deoxidation drying agent after air-dry for the fresh lotus of band shell being coated with keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid, then packs with vacuum packing machine.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described deoxidation drying agent is made up of the component of following mass percent:
Iron powder 80 ~ 90%; Calcium oxide 10 ~ 20%.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described iron powder purity is 60 ~ 90%, and iron particle size is 0.10 ~ 0.5mm.
6. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, step (5) described refrigerated storage temperature is 2 ~ 4 DEG C.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103907671B (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2015-12-02 | 中国热带农业科学院椰子研究所 | A kind of preservation method of coconut meat |
| CN105123900B (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2018-06-12 | 长沙理工大学 | Non-thermal processing preservation method for fresh-cut water chestnuts |
| CN105123902B (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2018-08-31 | 长沙理工大学 | Fresh-keeping method of fresh lotus seedpod |
| CA3059529A1 (en) | 2017-04-14 | 2018-10-18 | Capsugel Belgium Nv | Process for making pullulan |
| CN110678170A (en) | 2017-04-14 | 2020-01-10 | 比利时胶囊公司 | Pullulan polysaccharide capsule |
| CN107212089A (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2017-09-29 | 湖北世林水生蔬菜工程技术研究有限公司 | A kind of fresh lotus seeds store method |
| CN110754516A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-02-07 | 长沙理工大学 | Freezing preservation method of fresh lotus seedpod and fresh lotus seedpod |
| CN112120201A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-25 | 湖北省全莲素食生物科技有限公司 | Processing technology of fresh lotus seed soft can |
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| 壳聚糖低温保鲜去壳青稞莲子的研究;吴少福 等;《江西农业大学学报》;20040430;第26卷(第2期);第259-262页 * |
| 脱氧防潮剂研制及对战备药品器材的保存效果;邓槐春 等;《医疗卫生装备》;20011231(第3期);第19-21页 * |
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Application publication date: 20140319 Assignee: The Development Company Limited Xiangtan pacmos Lotus Industry Assignor: Changsha University of Sciences and Technology Contract record no.: 2019430000016 Denomination of invention: Refrigeration preservation method of hulled fresh lotus seeds Granted publication date: 20160427 License type: Common License Record date: 20190624 |
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