CN103636743A - Refrigeration preservation method of hulled fresh lotus seeds - Google Patents
Refrigeration preservation method of hulled fresh lotus seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN103636743A CN103636743A CN201310723261.1A CN201310723261A CN103636743A CN 103636743 A CN103636743 A CN 103636743A CN 201310723261 A CN201310723261 A CN 201310723261A CN 103636743 A CN103636743 A CN 103636743A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a refrigeration preservation method of hulled fresh lotus seeds. The refrigeration preservation method mainly comprises the following steps: (1), preprocessing fresh picked lotus seedpods at a low temperature; (2), screening the full fresh hulled lotus seeds; (3), instantly blanching; (4), protecting color, preserving and coating; (5), internally filling an iron powder drying agent small bag, and vacuum-packaging; and (6), refrigerating at a low temperature of 2-4 DEG C to obtain the hulled fresh lotus seeds. According to the refrigeration preservation method disclosed by the invention, physiological metabolism activities such as photosynthesis, respiration and evaportranspiration of the hulled fresh lotus seeds are effectively reduced, the color browning in a storage period is decreased, the appearance quality of the fresh lotus seeds is fully remained, the nutritional quality and flavor of the lotus seeds are well kept, and the effective preservation period is capable of reaching above 3 months. The refrigeration preservation method disclosed by the invention is simple in process, strong in maneuverability, small in investment, low in energy consumption, safe, and free of pollution; and the shelf life of fresh lotus seeds is greatly prolonged, and a new approach is developed for high-valued utilization of the lotus seeds.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fruit and vegetable fresh preservation technical field, be specifically related to a kind of cold-storage and fresh-keeping method with the fresh lotus of shell.
Background technology
Lotus (
nelumbo nucifera Gaertn) be aquatic herbaceous plant for many years, it is China's special product, lotus seeds are rich in the trace elements such as protein, carbohydrate, vitamin and multiple essential amino acid, flavonoids, water-soluble polysaccharide, superoxide dismutase and calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, it is the all-ages excellent tonic product of generally acknowledging, there is the effect of tonifying spleen antidiarrheal, the puckery essence of kidney-nourishing, mental-tranquilization, brain tonic and intelligence development, more suitable for person in middle and old age's human body void, insomnia, poor appetite and cancer patient.The medical value of lotus seeds and edibility are all very high, be main, and dry lotus has lacked nutritive value and the local flavor of fresh lotus because of it, and quality are hard, inconvenient eating on market mainly with drying and quick-frozen lotus seed; Though quick-frozen lotus seed can keep fresh lotus quality to a certain extent, because its production and transport cost is high, and because of the generation of ice crystal, after thawing, the intrinsic texture characteristic of fresh lotus seed changes, and causes all bad changes in various degree of its local flavor and mouthfeel; Fresh lotus seed is because its exterior quality is full, taste delicate fragrance is sweet tender, is nutritiously subject to consumption favor comprehensively and deeply.Yet because the collecting season of lotus seeds is during the broiling summer, Physiology and biochemistry and metabolism are all in higher level, therefore the storage property of fresh lotus is poor.At normal temperatures, the very easily brown stain of fresh lotus, rot, even commercial value is low generally about 10 days (2～4 ℃) its storage delivery period under refrigerated condition.
Zhang Min etc. discloses " a kind of combined refreshing method of prolonging shelf life of fresh vegetable lotus seed (publication number: CN102057981A) ", according to lotus seeds post-harvest physiology characteristic and quality, change, harvesting control, vacuum pre-cooling, 1-MCP is stifling, MAP packing and refrigeration combine, the shelf life extension about two weeks that can make lotus seeds, freshness date can reach 15～16 days.Zheng Baodong etc. disclose " a kind of superhigh pressure fresh-keeping process that keeps fresh lotus quality (publication number: CN102630742A) ", successively by fresh lotus gather, shell striping, logical core, protect look, vacuum packaging, ultra high pressure treatment, packing, refrigeration and obtain corresponding product, can realize fresh lotus preservation term under refrigerated condition and extend to more than 3 months.The former fresh keeping time is too short, and commercial value is not high; The latter's freshness date can reach more than 3 months, but technique relative complex need to use special ultrahigh pressure treatment equipment.Therefore, find a kind of simple and efficient fresh lotus preservation technique, for promoting lotus seeds industry level, increase the additional output value of lotus seeds, meet consumer demand all significant.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of cold-storage and fresh-keeping method with the fresh lotus of shell is provided.
In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme provided by the invention is:
The described cold-storage and fresh-keeping method with the fresh lotus of shell comprises the following steps:
(1) the fresh seedpod of the lotus is plucked after low temperature pretreatment 2～4 hours in the low temperature environment of 2～4 ℃;
(2) from the pretreated fresh seedpod of the lotus of low temperature, strip that external form is full, the fresh lotus of band shell of major diameter 18～25 cm, wide footpath 12～18mm;
(3) will be with 80～100 ℃ of blanchings of the fresh lotus of shell 5～10 seconds;
(4) with the fresh lotus of keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid Coating tape shell, described keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid is that pulullan polysaccharide powder is added to pH value is formulated in 6.5 Ning lemon Suan Na – citrate buffer solution, and in described keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid, pulullan polysaccharide mass percent is 0.25～0.75%;
(5) vacuum packaging together with deoxidation drying agent after the fresh lotus of band shell that is coated with keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid is air-dry, then refrigeration.
Wherein, step (4) is to be cooled to room temperature after previously prepared keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid is boiled, and then will be with the fresh lotus of shell by keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid, or pick the fresh lotus of keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid Coating tape shell with towel or sponge.
The described vacuum packaging of step (5) is together with deoxidation drying agent, to pack in polypropylene film bag after the fresh lotus of band shell of smearing keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid is air-dry, then with vacuum packing machine, packs.Described deoxidation drying agent is comprised of the component of following mass percent: iron powder 80～90%; Calcium oxide 10～20%.Described iron powder purity is 60～90%, and iron particle size is 0.10～0.5 mm.The described refrigerated storage temperature of step (5) is 2～4 ℃.
The present invention also provides a kind of keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid, this keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid is that pulullan polysaccharide powder is added to pH value is formulated in 6.5 Ning lemon Suan Na – citrate buffer solution, and in described keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid, pulullan polysaccharide mass percent is 0.25～0.75%.
Below the present invention will be further explained:
The low temperature pretreatment of the fresh harvesting seedpod of the lotus that step (1) is described, be intended to by plucking ground low temperature accumulating, the biologically active of reduction or part passivation polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase etc., reduce fresh lotus and breathe transpiration, slow down the lotus shell change color such as brown stain that in the storage and transport process of gathering, high ambient temperature may cause; The described fresh screening with the fresh lotus of shell of step (2), according to the full degree of orchard worker's experience and the external form of lotus seeds own, picks out the ripe fresh lotus of fresh band shell.Long-term follow research is found, for Hunan Province's Hunan lotus seeds kind, particularly " very little three lotuses ", the fresh lotus of fresh band shell of major diameter 18～25 cm, wide footpath 12～18mm has good maturity, so that the screening after plucking, in the present invention specially preferred dimension as the choice criteria of maturity.Step (3) is described to be processed 5～10 seconds 80～100 ℃ of moment blanchings, implements high-temperature instantaneous and processes, and the biologically active that is intended to further passivation polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase etc., slows down lotus seeds browning; The configuration of the described keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid of step (4), the selecting of Ning Meng Suan – sodium citrate buffer solution, because citric acid is conventional and color stabilizer efficiently; Selecting of buffer system, can maintain certain pH scope, and biology enzyme system and growing of microorganism are all had to good inhibitory action.After buffer solution boils, be cooled to room temperature, preventing microorganism etc. is by the fresh lotus of buffer solution system contact zones shell in advance.Then, with towel or sponge, pick the fresh lotus of the manual erasing band shell of keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid, also can be by the conveyer belt of the fresh lotus of carrier tape shell slowly by keeping fresh and protecting color buffer solution.Because of the good film forming characteristics of the blue polysaccharide solution in Shandong, by a large amount of experimental studies preferably containing natrium citricum-citric acid solution system of 0.25～0.75% pulullan polysaccharide as keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid.Step (5) is by the fresh lotus of band shell of filming through keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid, air-dry, packs in polypropylene film bag, is entrained into deoxidation drying agent parcel, with vacuum packing machine, packs.The oxygen that wherein iron powder can produce in conjunction with fresh lotus photosynthesis, calcium oxide can be combined with the carbon dioxide that respiration produces, effective proportioning of iron powder and calcium oxide wherein, to obtain by the experimental results optimization, can slow down breathing and photosynthetic while with the fresh lotus of shell, maintain its faint vital movement.By studies have shown that in a large number with the deepfreeze temperature of the fresh lotus of shell, with 2～4 ℃, be advisable, raw material be take Fu Lian as good simultaneously.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is:
1. the inventive method adopts place of production low temperature pretreatment to solve the key technical problems such as the fresh lotus seed color and luster that in traditional harvesting process, high temperature causes changes greatly, aging severity, reduced the activity of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase, slow down lotus seeds color and luster and changed, reduced lotus seeds loss through breathing.
2. the inventive method adopts keeping fresh and protecting color coating method, utilized the good film forming characteristics of color-protecting function and the pulullan polysaccharide solution of citric acid, both effective combinations, realized the efficient keeping fresh and protecting color of fresh lotus seed, the destruction that nutritious lotus seed is worth is little, has kept the original color and luster of lotus seeds and local flavor.
3. the present invention is by keeping fresh and protecting color and carry the vacuum-packed way of deoxidier secretly, effectively having slowed down lotus seeds breathes and photosynthesis, make fresh lotus seed in faint life state, effectively extended the shelf life of fresh lotus seed, product has kept the original form of pulp, local flavor, nutritional labeling to form and presentation quality preferably, and the color and luster of product is good, and under 2～4 ℃ of cryogenic conditions, effectively freshness date reaches more than 3 months, greatly extend the shelf life of fresh lotus seed, improved the added value of product of lotus seeds.
In a word, the inventive method processing technology is simple, workable, and small investment, energy consumption are low, and safety non-pollution has extended the shelf life of fresh lotus seed, greatly for the higher value application of lotus seeds product has been opened up new approach.
the specific embodiment:
embodiment 1
The fresh harvesting seedpod of the lotus 100 kg in the place of production, are placed in 4 ℃ of low-temperature cold store cars precooling, 3 h immediately in the place of production, selectively strip that external form is full, the fresh lotus of fresh band shell of major diameter 20 cm, wide footpath 15 mm, and 80 ℃ of moment blanchings are processed 10 seconds.Natrium citricum-citric acid solution system of the pulullan polysaccharide that is 0.50% by the mass percent preparing in advance, picks manual the wiping on of above-mentioned keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid with sponge and is with the fresh lotus of shell.Air-dry, pack in polypropylene film bag, being entrained into by granularity is the iron powder 90%(mass percent that 0.10 mm, purity are 80%), calcium oxide 10%(mass percent) the deoxidation drying agent parcel forming, with vacuum packing machine, pack, under 4 ℃ of conditions, deepfreeze is 35 days, and lotus seeds profile is without disadvantageous changes, color and luster homogeneous, with newly adopting lotus seeds without two samples.
embodiment 2
The fresh harvesting seedpod of the lotus 200 kg in the place of production, are placed in 2 ℃ of low-temperature cold store cars precooling, 4 h immediately in the place of production, selectively strip that external form is full, the fresh lotus of fresh band shell of major diameter 24 cm, wide footpath 16 mm, and 90 ℃ of moment blanchings are processed 6 seconds.Natrium citricum-citric acid solution system of the pulullan polysaccharide that is 0.75% by the mass percent preparing in advance, picks manual the wiping on of above-mentioned keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid with sponge and is with the fresh lotus of shell.Air-dry, pack in polypropylene film bag, being entrained into by granularity is the iron powder 80%(mass percent that 0.05 mm, purity are 90%), calcium oxide 20%(mass percent) the deoxidation drying agent parcel forming, with vacuum packing machine, pack, under 2 ℃ of conditions, deepfreeze is 40 days, and lotus seeds profile is without disadvantageous changes, color and luster homogeneous, with newly adopting lotus seeds without two samples.
embodiment 3
A kind of keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid, this keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid is that pulullan polysaccharide powder is added to pH value is formulated in 6.5 Ning lemon Suan Na – citrate buffer solution, and in described keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid, the mass percent of pulullan polysaccharide is 0.25～0.75%.
Claims (7)
1. with a cold-storage and fresh-keeping method for the fresh lotus of shell, it is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
(1) the fresh seedpod of the lotus is plucked after low temperature pretreatment 2～4 hours in the low temperature environment of 2～4 ℃;
(2) from the pretreated fresh seedpod of the lotus of low temperature, strip that external form is full, the fresh lotus of band shell of major diameter 18～25 cm, wide footpath 12～18mm;
(3) will be with 80～100 ℃ of blanchings of the fresh lotus of shell 5～10 seconds;
(4) with the fresh lotus of keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid Coating tape shell, described keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid is that pulullan polysaccharide powder is added to pH value is formulated in 6.5 Ning lemon Suan Na – citrate buffer solution, and in described keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid, the mass percent of pulullan polysaccharide is 0.25～0.75%;
(5) vacuum packaging together with deoxidation drying agent after the fresh lotus of band shell that is coated with keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid is air-dry, then refrigeration.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, step (4) is that previously prepared keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid is cooled to room temperature after boiling, and then will be with the fresh lotus of shell by keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid, or pick the fresh lotus of keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid Coating tape shell with towel or sponge.
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described vacuum packaging of step (5) is together with deoxidation drying agent, to pack in polypropylene film bag after the fresh lotus of band shell that is coated with keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid is air-dry, then with vacuum packing machine, packs.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described deoxidation drying agent is comprised of the component of following mass percent:
Iron powder 80～90%; Calcium oxide 10～20%.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, described iron powder purity is 60～90%, and iron particle size is 0.10～0.5 mm.
6. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the described refrigerated storage temperature of step (5) is 2～4 ℃.
7. a keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid, it is characterized in that, described keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid is that pulullan polysaccharide powder is added to pH value is formulated in 6.5 Ning lemon Suan Na – citrate buffer solution, and in described keeping fresh and protecting color coating liquid, pulullan polysaccharide mass percent is 0.25～0.75%.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN103907671A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2014-07-09 | 中国热带农业科学院椰子研究所 | Preservation method of coconut meat |
| CN105123902A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2015-12-09 | 长沙理工大学 | Preservation method of fresh lotus seedpods |
| CN105123900A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2015-12-09 | 长沙理工大学 | Non-thermal processing preservation method of fresh-cut water chestnuts |
| CN107212089A (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2017-09-29 | 湖北世林水生蔬菜工程技术研究有限公司 | A kind of fresh lotus seeds store method |
| CN110754516A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-02-07 | 长沙理工大学 | Freezing preservation method of fresh lotus seedpod and fresh lotus seedpod |
| CN112120201A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-25 | 湖北省全莲素食生物科技有限公司 | Processing technology of fresh lotus seed soft can |
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| US11576870B2 (en) | 2017-04-14 | 2023-02-14 | Capsugel Belgium Nv | Pullulan capsules |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103907671A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2014-07-09 | 中国热带农业科学院椰子研究所 | Preservation method of coconut meat |
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| CN105123900A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2015-12-09 | 长沙理工大学 | Non-thermal processing preservation method of fresh-cut water chestnuts |
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| US11319566B2 (en) | 2017-04-14 | 2022-05-03 | Capsugel Belgium Nv | Process for making pullulan |
| US11576870B2 (en) | 2017-04-14 | 2023-02-14 | Capsugel Belgium Nv | Pullulan capsules |
| US11878079B2 (en) | 2017-04-14 | 2024-01-23 | Capsugel Belgium Nv | Pullulan capsules |
| CN107212089A (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2017-09-29 | 湖北世林水生蔬菜工程技术研究有限公司 | A kind of fresh lotus seeds store method |
| CN110754516A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-02-07 | 长沙理工大学 | Freezing preservation method of fresh lotus seedpod and fresh lotus seedpod |
| CN112120201A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-25 | 湖北省全莲素食生物科技有限公司 | Processing technology of fresh lotus seed soft can |
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| CN103636743B (en) | 2016-04-27 |
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Application publication date: 20140319 Assignee: The Development Company Limited Xiangtan pacmos Lotus Industry Assignor: Changsha University of Sciences and Technology Contract record no.: 2019430000016 Denomination of invention: Refrigeration preservation method of hulled fresh lotus seeds Granted publication date: 20160427 License type: Common License Record date: 20190624 |
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