CN103636111A - 用于提高利用率的变频驱动电压升压 - Google Patents

用于提高利用率的变频驱动电压升压 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103636111A
CN103636111A CN201280030653.3A CN201280030653A CN103636111A CN 103636111 A CN103636111 A CN 103636111A CN 201280030653 A CN201280030653 A CN 201280030653A CN 103636111 A CN103636111 A CN 103636111A
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Prior art keywords
variable frequency
motor
alternating current
frequency drives
vfd
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M.A.斯塔克
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Carrier Corp
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Carrier Corp
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/40Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/42Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/44Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
    • H02M5/453Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M5/458Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M5/4585Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having a rectifier with controlled elements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Ac-Ac Conversion (AREA)

Abstract

一种变频驱动器系统包括交流电电源、交流电动机以及连接到电源和电动机的变频驱动器。变频驱动器将电功率提供到电动机,并且包括用于将来自电源的第一交流电转换为直流电的有源整流器以及用于将直流电转换为第二交流电的逆变器。变频驱动器输出电压大于变频驱动器输入电压,从而补偿电动机的视在电流。一种电功率转换的方法包括将第一交流电从电源推进到变频驱动器。通过变频驱动器的有源整流器将第一交流电转换为直流电,以及通过变频驱动器的逆变器将直流电转换为第二交流电。

Description

用于提高利用率的变频驱动电压升压
发明背景
本文公开的主题涉及变频驱动器。
在典型的变频驱动器应用中,将AC电动机连接到变频驱动器(VFD)。VFD为固态功率转换装置。将电功率输入到VFD中作为AC功率。通过利用一个或多个二极管来实现转换的整流器将AC功率转换为DC功率。VFD也包括用于然后将DC功率转换为准正弦AC功率或VFD功率的逆变器。正是输出到AC电动机的这个VFD功率驱动AC电动机。
在典型的VFD应用中,AC电动机的电压与VFD的输入电压匹配。当在这个应用中考虑视在电流时,与在接近单位功率因数下操作的VFD的输入电流相比,逆变器在比例更高的电流下操作以补偿AC电动机的电动机功率因数。这导致VFD的电流受逆变器限制,然后整流器未被充分利用。由于VFD的通用性质,VFD通常被设计成单位功率因数负载,因此VFD具有对整流器和逆变器的匹配电流要求。
发明简述
根据本发明的一个方面,一种变频驱动器系统包括交流电电源、交流电动机以及可操作地连接到电源和电动机的变频驱动器。变频驱动器将电功率提供到电动机,并且包括用于将来自电源的第一交流电转换为直流电的有源整流器以及用于将直流电转换为第二交流电的逆变器。变频驱动器输出电压大于变频驱动器输入电压。
根据本发明的另一方面,一种电功率转换的方法包括将第一交流电从电源推进到变频驱动器。通过变频驱动器的有源整流器将第一交流电转换为直流电,以及通过变频驱动器的逆变器将直流电转换为第二交流电。变频驱动器输出电压大于变频驱动器输入电压。
通过结合附图的以下描述,这些和其他优点以及特征将会变得更加明显。
附图简述
在说明书的结尾处的权利要求书中特别指出和明确要求被认为是本发明的主题。通过结合附图的以下详细描述,本发明的上述和其他特征以及优点会变得明显,在附图中:
图为变频驱动器的实施方案的示意图。
通过参照附图的实例,详述解释本发明的实施方案以及优点和特征。
发明详述
在图1中示出变频驱动器(VFD) 10的示意图。VFD 10连接到AC功率源(例如,变压器12),并且连接到AC电动机14,其中将功率从VFD 10提供到AC电动机14。VFD 10包括整流器,特别是四象限/有源整流器16,有源整流器16用一个或多个晶体管(例如,MOSFET)替换传统整流器的二极管。有源整流器16将输入的AC功率转换为DC功率。然后,通过VFD 10的逆变器18将DC功率转换为AC功率。利用VFD 10中的有源整流器16会产生接近AC功率源的峰间电压的DC母线电压,这是在典型的VFD的DC母线电压上的大幅增加。这个增加的DC母线电压又允许VFD 10的输出电压超过VFD 10的输入电压。
现在将通过实例解释利用VFD 10中的有源整流器16的这个好处。在典型的VFD应用中,将在给定电压V下的电源连接到VFD。典型的VFD的额定电流I与VFD连接到的AC电动机的额定负载电流(RLA)匹配。AC电动机进一步在已知的功率因数Pf下操作。
VFD的功率输出可以表示为:
kWVFD= 1.73*V*I*P f 1000
对于典型的VFD应用,其中VFD的额定为500安培,其具有400伏特电源,并且连接到RLA为500安培并且功率因数为85%的电动机,
kWVFD= 1.73*400*500*0.85 1000 = 294.1 kW
另一方面,通过利用本发明的具有有源整流器16的VFD 10,变压器12的类似的输入电压会产生VFD 10的增加的功率输出,这是因为有源整流器16能够保持与典型的VFD相比增加的DC母线电压。在一些实施方案中,VFD 10的输出电压增加了Pf的倒数倍。例如,在变压器12输出400伏特的情况下,由VFD 10输出的电压为:
VVFD = 400 /0.85 = 470.6 V
增加的电压VVFD产生VFD 10的增加的功率输出。在这种情况下,
kWVFD= 1.73*470.6*500*0.85 /1000 = 346.0 kW
或比典型的VFD增加117.6%。
VFD 10比典型的VFD的功率输出的增加允许更高电压的AC电动机14与给定电源电压的变压器12耦合。这有效地减少了通过VFD 10必需的电流,从而允许利用更小的VFD 10来提供所需的输出电压。
尽管只结合有限数量的实施方案来详细地描述本发明,但是应该很容易理解本发明不限于此类公开的实施方案。相反,可以修改本发明以并入在此以前未描述但是与本发明的精神和范围相当的任何数量的变化、变更、替代或等效布置。此外,尽管已描述本发明的各种实施方案,但是应理解本发明的方面可以只包括所描述的实施方案中的一些。因此,本发明不被看作是受上述描述限制,而是只受所附权利要求书的范围限制。

Claims (16)

1. 一种变频驱动器系统,其包括:
交流电电源;
交流电动机;
变频驱动器,其可操作地连接到所述电源和所述电动机以将电功率提供到所述电动机,所述变频驱动器包括:
有源整流器,其用于将来自所述电源的第一交流电转换为直流电;以及
逆变器,其用于将所述直流电转换为第二交流电;
其中变频驱动器输出电压大于变频驱动器输入电压。
2. 如权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述电动机的电动机电压与所述变频驱动器输出电压基本上匹配。
3. 如权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述电动机具有约500安培的额定值。
4. 如权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述电源为变压器。
5. 如权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述电源具有约400伏特的输出。
6. 如权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述有源整流器包括一个或多个晶体管。
7. 如权利要求1所述的系统,其中所述一个或多个晶体管为一个或多个MOSFET。
8. 一种电功率转换的方法,其包括:
将第一交流电从电源推进到变频驱动器;
通过所述变频驱动器的有源整流器将所述第一交流电转换为直流电;以及
通过所述变频驱动器的逆变器将所述直流电转换为第二交流电;
其中变频驱动器输出电压大于变频驱动器输入电压。
9. 如权利要求8所述的方法,其还包括将所述第二交流电推进到交流电动机。
10. 如权利要求9所述的方法,其中所述电动机的电动机电压与所述变频驱动器输出电压基本上匹配。
11. 如权利要求9所述的方法,其中调整所述输出电压以补偿由所述逆变器支持的视在电流。
12. 如权利要求9所述的方法,其中所述电动机具有约500安培的额定值。
13. 如权利要求8所述的方法,其中所述电源为变压器。
14. 如权利要求8所述的方法,其中所述电源具有约400伏特的输出。
15. 如权利要求8所述的方法,其中所述有源整流器包括一个或多个晶体管。
16. 如权利要求8所述的方法,其中所述一个或多个晶体管为一个或多个MOSFET。
CN201280030653.3A 2011-06-21 2012-06-15 用于提高利用率的变频驱动电压升压 Pending CN103636111A (zh)

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US201161499424P 2011-06-21 2011-06-21
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PCT/US2012/042614 WO2012177498A2 (en) 2011-06-21 2012-06-15 Variable frequency drive voltage boost to improve utilization

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US6801441B2 (en) * 2000-02-04 2004-10-05 Ricotec Oy Pulse width modulation frequency converter
US20020089864A1 (en) * 2001-01-10 2002-07-11 Gabor Kalman Ac-to-ac power converter without a dc link capacitor
JP4370965B2 (ja) * 2004-03-30 2009-11-25 富士電機システムズ株式会社 電力変換装置
CN1719712A (zh) * 2004-07-08 2006-01-11 富士电机系统株式会社 功率变换装置
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EP2724458A2 (en) 2014-04-30
WO2012177498A3 (en) 2013-07-11
US20140117915A1 (en) 2014-05-01

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