CN103633775A - Electric vehicle driving motor internally provided with differential and reducer assembly - Google Patents
Electric vehicle driving motor internally provided with differential and reducer assembly Download PDFInfo
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- CN103633775A CN103633775A CN201310628997.0A CN201310628997A CN103633775A CN 103633775 A CN103633775 A CN 103633775A CN 201310628997 A CN201310628997 A CN 201310628997A CN 103633775 A CN103633775 A CN 103633775A
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- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
Abstract
The invention relate to an electric vehicle driving motor internally provided with a differential and reducer assembly. The electric vehicle driving motor comprises a driving motor, a differential and a planet gear or fixed shaft gear reducer; a motor stator, a motor rotor, the differential and the planet gear or fixed shaft gear reducer are arranged in an enclosure; the differential is embedded in the motor rotor; left and right output shafts of the differential are respectively connected with a planet reducer arranged in the motor, or the motor rotor is connected with the fixed shaft gear reducer, and the differential is used for outputting motor power towards two sides. The electric vehicle driving motor internally provided with the differential and reducer assembly integrates driving, speed reducing and differential speed functions, and selected insulation engine oil can lubricate rolling bearing or a sliding bearing in the motor or a reducer gear, so the integration of cooling and lubricating of the motor power assembly is realized. The electric vehicle driving motor internally provided with the differential and reducer assembly has the advantages of compact structure, high power density, good lubricating and cooling effects and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of driving motor for electric automobile, particularly relate to the driving motor for electric automobile that a kind of built-in difference subtracts assembly.
Background technology
Along with world energy sources is nervous and problem of environmental pollution is day by day serious, low energy consumption, free of contamination electric automobile are more and more subject to people's attention.Because electric automobile oil consumption is low, discharge few, be applicable to very much Urban Transportation, protection of the environment, energy savings are had to very significantly positive role, so He Ge great colleges and universities of domestic and international motor corporation are all at active research electric vehicle engineering.
Because electric automobile needs often starting, stops, therefore for overload performance and the dynamic response performance of drive motors, have relatively high expectations, and owing to having carried a large amount of power brick, its total weight is increased, in order to improve coefficient of mass utilization, give full play to the power savings advantages of electric automobile, drive motors should be light as far as possible under the prerequisite that meets dynamic property requirement.These problems are all the technical problems that electric automobile must solve in popularization and industrialization process.
Driving motor for electric automobile mainly adopts the permagnetic synchronous motor of high power density at present, and the arrangement form of dynamical system mainly contains two kinds.One, for orthodox car is replaced to motor with engine, subtracts assembly with original difference and is connected, to wheel outputting power.This mode is convenient to adopt high-revolving motor, is conducive to improve the power density of drive motors, but due to the external decelerator of needs and differential mechanism, the arrangement space of whole dynamical system is increased.It is two for adopting Low speed electric motor directly to wheel outputting power.Although this mode has been saved decelerator and differential mechanism, make layout compacter, because the power density of Low speed electric motor is low, cause drive motors heavier, also make car load Efficiency Decreasing.
As prior art vapour automobile drive motor, by stator, rotor, casing and bearing, formed.Wherein stator and rotor are arranged in casing, are fixed with iron core on rotor field spider, and cylindrical unshakable in one's determination has armature slot, and at the embedded armature coil that is placed with of armature slot, characteristic part is that the trough rim of armature slot adopts insulation trough rim.Adopt after said structure, can improve climbing capacity and the overload capacity of automobile, but owing to adding insulation trough rim, size unshakable in one's determination is increased, increased assembly difficulty simultaneously, and needed external difference to subtract assembly.
Publication number is that the Chinese invention patent of CN102290950A proposes a kind of mixed power electric car 50Kw permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine.The rotor of this motor adopts the containment type p-m rotor of radial magnet steel, and at rotor surface dress radial magnet steel, radial magnet steel embeds between rotor core boss, and the lasso of a welding fabrication is set outward at radial magnet steel, in two ends of rotor, end plate is set.This electric machine structure is compact, has higher power density.But complex rotor structure, makes difficulty of processing large, and cost is high.Need equally external difference to subtract assembly.
Notification number is the permanent magnet motor that the Chinese utility model patent of CN201388111Y proposes a kind of built-in differential mechanism.This motor is connected the shell of mechanical differential gear box and rotor core, and two output shafts of differential mechanism are as the output shaft of motor, to reach the object that drives automobile, realizes differential.But owing to there is no deceleration, when this motor is used for Automobile drive, can only select the motor of low rated speed, cause complete machine power density lower, be unfavorable for electric automobile during traveling needs.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned existing driving motor for electric automobile, a kind of driving motor for electric automobile that driving, deceleration, the integrated built-in difference of differential function subtract assembly that collects is provided.
The present invention is embedded in differential mechanism in rotor, differential mechanism left and right output shaft is connected with the planetary reduction gear that is built in motor respectively, or rotor is connected with fixed axis gear decelerator, then through differential mechanism, motor power is exported to both sides, to realize driving, deceleration, differential integrated.Driving motor for electric automobile provided by the invention is not limit motor pattern, can adopt direct current machine, AC induction motor, ac synchronous motor and magneto.
The object of the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Built-in difference subtracts a driving motor for electric automobile for assembly, comprises motor, differential mechanism and gear reduction unit, and motor comprises casing, oil jacket, motor stator and rotor, oil jacket is connected with casing at internal side of shell, forms a toroidal cavity between casing and oil jacket, and oil atomizer is arranged on casing, and nozzle is facing to toroidal cavity, this driving motor for electric automobile also comprises differential mechanism and planetary reduction gear, motor stator, rotor, differential mechanism, planetary reduction gear are arranged in casing, and differential mechanism comprises differential carrier, the first differential mechanism driven gear, the second differential mechanism driven gear, the first differential mechanism output shaft, the second differential mechanism output shaft and differential mechanism driving gear, planetary reduction gear comprises the first planetary reduction gear sun gear, the second planetary reduction gear sun gear, the first planetary reduction gear planetary gear, the second planetary reduction gear planetary gear, the first planet carrier for planetary reduction gear, the second planet carrier for planetary reduction gear, the first planetary reduction gear gear ring, the second planetary reduction gear gear ring, rotor and differential carrier are affixed, 2 or 4 differential mechanism driving gears are contained on the axle of differential carrier, the differential mechanism driving gear engagement on the first differential mechanism driven gear and right side, the differential mechanism driving gear engagement in the second differential mechanism driven gear and left side, the first differential mechanism driven gear is connected with the first differential mechanism output shaft, the second differential mechanism driven gear is connected with the second differential mechanism output shaft, the second differential mechanism output shaft in the first differential mechanism output shaft and left side is connected with the second planetary reduction gear sun gear with the first planetary reduction gear sun gear of left and right planetary reduction gear respectively, the first planetary reduction gear sun gear is connected with the second planetary reduction gear planetary gear with the first planetary reduction gear planetary gear respectively with the second planetary reduction gear sun gear, the first planetary reduction gear planetary gear is connected with the second planet carrier for planetary reduction gear with the first planet carrier for planetary reduction gear respectively with the second planetary reduction gear planetary gear, the first planet carrier for planetary reduction gear is connected with transmission device with the second planet carrier for planetary reduction gear, the first planetary reduction gear gear ring and the second planetary reduction gear gear ring are all connected with oil jacket.
Preferably, described motor also comprises oil phase, and fuel tank is arranged on the bottom of casing.
Described motor is direct current machine, AC induction motor, ac synchronous motor or magneto.
The another kind of technical scheme of the present invention: a kind of built-in difference subtracts the driving motor for electric automobile of assembly, comprises motor, differential mechanism and gear reduction unit, and motor comprises casing, oil jacket, motor stator and rotor; Oil jacket is connected with casing at internal side of shell, forms a toroidal cavity between casing and oil jacket, and oil atomizer is arranged on casing, and nozzle is facing to toroidal cavity; Driving motor for electric automobile also comprises differential mechanism and fixed axis gear decelerator; Rotor is connected with the input gear of fixed axis gear decelerator, input gear and the engagement of the first idler gear, the first idler gear and the engagement of the second idler gear; The second idler gear and differential carrier are affixed, 2 or 4 differential mechanism driving gears are contained on the axle of differential carrier, the first differential mechanism driven gear and the engagement of differential mechanism driving gear, the differential mechanism driving gear engagement in the second differential mechanism driven gear and left side, the first differential mechanism driven gear is connected with the first differential mechanism output shaft; The second differential mechanism driven gear is connected with the second differential mechanism output shaft in left side; The first differential mechanism output shaft is connected with transmission device with the second differential mechanism output shaft.
Preferably, described rotor is connected with the input gear of fixed axis gear decelerator by spline.Described motor also comprises oil phase, and fuel tank is arranged on the bottom of casing.Described differential mechanism is symmetrical conical gear formula differential mechanism, Cam differential or free wheel type differential mechanism.Described differential mechanism also comprises frictional disk or differential lock.
The present invention is mainly comprised of drive motors, differential mechanism and planet or fixed axis gear decelerator.Differential mechanism is embedded in rotor, and the left and right output shaft of differential mechanism is connected with the planetary reduction gear that is built in motor respectively, and the power of motor is exported to the wheel on both sides through differential carrier, differential mechanism left and right output shaft, planetary reducer; Also rotor can be connected with fixed axis gear decelerator, then through differential mechanism, motor power be exported to both sides.
With respect to prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1) the present invention, due to built-in differential mechanism and decelerator, can adopt high-revolving motor, is convenient to improve the power density of motor.
2) because differential mechanism is directly inlaid in rotor, and the planetary gear type reduction gear that decelerator is compact conformation, it is compacter that the structure of whole power assembly subtracts assembly scheme than the external difference of traditional drive motors, makes power system of electric automobile lighter, and cloth is set up also more convenient.
3) for improving efficiency and the overload capacity of motor, the cooling circulation oil-cooling mode of taking of motor stator.Meanwhile, in motor bottom, accumulate a certain amount of cold oil, motor fixed (turning) and gear are realized to immersion oil (splashing) cooling, the whole cooling effect of enhancing system.Because the cold oil adopting is for having high-insulativity, good chemical stability and thermo oxidative stability, suitable viscosity, lower pour point and floc point, volatility is little, and lightning is high, the insulation machine oil of oil-containing and impurity not, therefore the cold oil that is splashed to motor winding can not affect the electromagnetic performance of motor, and can also be used to rolling bearing or sliding bearing and reducer gear in lubrication motor, thereby it is integrated to realize the cooling and lubricating of motor power assembly.
4) driving motor for electric automobile provided by the invention is not limit motor pattern, can adopt direct current machine, AC induction motor, ac synchronous motor and magneto.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that the built-in difference of the embodiment of the present invention 1 subtracts the driving motor for electric automobile of assembly.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the built-in difference of the embodiment of the present invention 2 subtracts the driving motor for electric automobile of assembly.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation that the built-in difference of the embodiment of the present invention 3 subtracts the driving motor for electric automobile of assembly.
Embodiment
For understanding better the present invention, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further illustrated, but embodiments of the present invention are not limit so.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of built-in difference subtracts the driving motor for electric automobile of assembly, comprises casing 12, oil jacket 11, motor stator 9, rotor 8, differential mechanism, planetary reduction gear and fuel tank 1; Motor stator 9, rotor 8, differential mechanism, planetary reduction gear are arranged in casing 12, oil jacket 11 is connected with casing 12 in casing 12 inner sides, between casing 12 and oil jacket 11, form a toroidal cavity, oil atomizer is arranged on casing 12, nozzle is facing to toroidal cavity, and fuel tank 1 is arranged on the bottom of casing 12; Differential mechanism comprises differential carrier 2, the first differential mechanism driven gear 3, the second differential mechanism driven gear 18, the first differential mechanism output shaft 4, the second differential mechanism output shaft 17 and differential mechanism driving gear 19; Planetary reduction gear comprises the first planetary reduction gear sun gear 5, the second planetary reduction gear sun gear 16, the first planetary reduction gear planetary gear 6, the second planetary reduction gear planetary gear 15, the first planet carrier for planetary reduction gear 7, the second planet carrier for planetary reduction gear 14, the first planetary reduction gear gear ring 10, the second planetary reduction gear gear ring 13; Rotor 8 is affixed with differential carrier 2,2 or 4 differential mechanism driving gears 19 are contained on the axle of differential carrier 2 and can rotate freely around each axis of rotation, the first differential mechanism driven gear 3 on right side meshes with the differential mechanism driving gear 19 on right side, the second differential mechanism driven gear 18 in left side meshes with the differential mechanism driving gear 19 in left side, the first differential mechanism driven gear 3 on right side is connected with the first differential mechanism output shaft 4 on right side, and motor power is exported from right side; The second differential mechanism driven gear 18 in left side is connected with the second differential mechanism output shaft 17 in left side, and motor power is exported from left side; Form the rotor of a built-in differential mechanism.
The first differential mechanism output shaft 4 on right side and the second differential mechanism output shaft 17 in left side are connected with the second planetary reduction gear sun gear 16 with the first planetary reduction gear sun gear 5 of left and right planetary reduction gear respectively, the first planetary reduction gear sun gear 5 is connected with the second planetary reduction gear planetary gear 15 with the first planetary reduction gear planetary gear 6 respectively with the second planetary reduction gear sun gear 16, the first planetary reduction gear planetary gear 6 is connected with the second planet carrier for planetary reduction gear 14 with the first planet carrier for planetary reduction gear 7 respectively with the second planetary reduction gear planetary gear 15, the first planet carrier for planetary reduction gear 7 and the second planet carrier for planetary reduction gear 14 are connected to left and right wheels through transmission device, the first planetary reduction gear gear ring 10 and the second planetary reduction gear gear ring 13 are all connected with oil jacket 11.
The first planetary reduction gear gear ring 10 and the second planetary reduction gear gear ring 13 are fixing, power is input to the first planetary reduction gear sun gear 5 and the second planetary reduction gear sun gear 16 from the first differential mechanism output shaft 4 and the second differential mechanism output shaft 17, again by the first planetary reduction gear planetary gear 6 and the second planetary reduction gear planetary gear 15, through the first planet carrier for planetary reduction gear 7 and the second planet carrier for planetary reduction gear 14 outputs, motor power is finally outputed on left and right wheels.
Motor of the present invention poorly subtracts assembly due to built-in, can realize motor driving, deceleration, differential function integrated, make electric machine structure compact, be convenient to arrange, be conducive to again use pot motor, improve the power density of drive motors.
For improving efficiency and the overload capacity of motor of the present invention, the cooling circulation oil-cooling mode of taking of motor stator.Between motor case 12 and oil jacket 11, form a toroidal cavity, cold oil circulates under the pressure-acting of oil pump in this cavity, and to realize cooling to motor stator, fuel tank 1 plays the effect that stores cold oil.
Due to motor of the present invention integrated difference speed reducer, the gear of motor internal also needs to obtain reliable lubrication, accumulates a certain amount of cold oil in motor bottom for this reason, and motor stator, rotor and gear are implemented immersion oil or splashed cooling.Because the insulation machine oil that has adopted insulating properties and lubrification to have both is as cold oil, the electromagnetic performance of motor can not be affected.Therefore the present invention can also realize the cooling and lubricating of drive motors integratedly, can guarantee the cooling and lubricating effect of high efficient and reliable, and the more mechanical attachment of unlikely increase, is conducive to reduce costs again.
Be illustrated in figure 2 another one embodiment of the present invention.This embodiment is used fixed axis gear decelerator, and there is no planetary reduction gear.Built-in difference subtracts a driving motor for electric automobile for assembly, comprises casing 12, oil jacket 11, motor stator 9, rotor 8, differential mechanism, fixed axis gear decelerator and fuel tank 1; Motor stator 9, rotor 8, differential mechanism, fixed axis gear decelerator are arranged in casing 12, oil jacket 11 is connected with casing 12 in casing 12 inner sides, between casing 12 and oil jacket 11, form a toroidal cavity, oil atomizer is arranged on casing 12, nozzle is facing to toroidal cavity, and fuel tank 1 is arranged on the bottom of casing 12; Rotor 8 is connected with the input gear 21 of fixed axis gear decelerator by spline, input gear 21 and the first idler gear 22 engagements, the first idler gear 22 and the second idler gear 23 engagements; The second idler gear 23 is affixed with differential carrier 2,2 or 4 differential mechanism driving gears 19 are contained on the axle of differential carrier 2 and can rotate freely around each axis of rotation, the first differential mechanism driven gear 3 on right side meshes with the differential mechanism driving gear 19 on right side, the second differential mechanism driven gear 18 in left side meshes with the differential mechanism driving gear 19 in left side, the first differential mechanism driven gear 3 on right side is connected with the first differential mechanism output shaft 4 on right side, and motor power is exported from right side; The second differential mechanism driven gear 18 in left side is connected with the second differential mechanism output shaft in left side, and motor power is exported from left side.Motor power passes to differential mechanism through the first idler gear 22, the second idler gear 23, and the first differential mechanism output shaft is connected with transmission device with the second differential mechanism output shaft; The first differential mechanism output shaft is directly connected with two sidecar wheels respectively by transmission device with the second differential mechanism output shaft, drives running car.
Described differential mechanism can be with symmetrical conical gear formula differential mechanism, Cam differential or free wheel type differential mechanism.Differential mechanism also comprises frictional disk or differential lock, to realize slide limiting differential function.
The present embodiment, due to compact not as planetary reduction gear on fixed axis gear reducer structure, makes the axial dimension of this embodiment motor larger.The advantages such as but the manufacture of fixed axis gear decelerator and assembling are all fairly simple, and number of components used is also less, therefore have and are convenient to processing, and cost is lower.The bearing of motor internal and reducer gear can adopt splash lubrication cooling equally.
Be illustrated in figure 3 the 3rd embodiment of the present invention.This embodiment is the simplification to embodiment 1.Wherein drive motors is only integrated decelerator, so the present embodiment only possesses driving, deceleration and does not possess differential function.As shown in Figure 3, a kind of driving motor for electric automobile, comprises casing 12, oil jacket 11, motor stator 9, rotor 8, decelerator and fuel tank 1; Motor stator 9, rotor 8 and decelerator are arranged in casing 12, oil jacket 11 is connected with casing 12 in casing 12 inner sides, between casing 12 and oil jacket 11, forms a toroidal cavity, and oil atomizer is arranged on casing 12, nozzle is facing to toroidal cavity, and fuel tank 1 is arranged on the bottom of casing 12; Rotor 8 is connected with inner rotor shaft 20, inner rotor shaft 20 is connected with planetary reduction gear sun gear 5, planetary reduction gear sun gear 5 is connected with planet carrier for planetary reduction gear 7 with planetary reduction gear planetary gear 6, planet carrier for planetary reduction gear 7 is connected with transmission device, and star decelerator gear ring 10 is connected with oil jacket 11.The power of motor is by 7 outputs of inner rotor shaft 20-planetary reduction gear sun gear 5-planetary reduction gear planetary gear 6-planet carrier for planetary reduction gear.Due to decelerator, therefore can use pot motor, make the power density of drive motors higher, but owing to there is no differential function, so must could drive automobile by peripheral hardware differential mechanism.The other the same as in Example 1.
Claims (8)
1. built-in difference subtracts a driving motor for electric automobile for assembly, comprises motor, differential mechanism and gear reduction unit, and motor comprises casing, oil jacket, motor stator and rotor, oil jacket is connected with casing at internal side of shell, forms a toroidal cavity between casing and oil jacket, and oil atomizer is arranged on casing, and nozzle is facing to toroidal cavity, it is characterized in that: driving motor for electric automobile also comprises differential mechanism and planetary reduction gear, motor stator, rotor, differential mechanism, planetary reduction gear are arranged in casing, and differential mechanism comprises differential carrier, the first differential mechanism driven gear, the second differential mechanism driven gear, the first differential mechanism output shaft, the second differential mechanism output shaft and differential mechanism driving gear, planetary reduction gear comprises the first planetary reduction gear sun gear, the second planetary reduction gear sun gear, the first planetary reduction gear planetary gear, the second planetary reduction gear planetary gear, the first planet carrier for planetary reduction gear, the second planet carrier for planetary reduction gear, the first planetary reduction gear gear ring, the second planetary reduction gear gear ring, rotor and differential carrier are affixed, 2 or 4 differential mechanism driving gears are contained on the axle of differential carrier, the differential mechanism driving gear engagement on the first differential mechanism driven gear and right side, the differential mechanism driving gear engagement in the second differential mechanism driven gear and left side, the first differential mechanism driven gear is connected with the first differential mechanism output shaft, the second differential mechanism driven gear is connected with the second differential mechanism output shaft, the second differential mechanism output shaft in the first differential mechanism output shaft and left side is connected with the second planetary reduction gear sun gear with the first planetary reduction gear sun gear of left and right planetary reduction gear respectively, the first planetary reduction gear sun gear is connected with the second planetary reduction gear planetary gear with the first planetary reduction gear planetary gear respectively with the second planetary reduction gear sun gear, the first planetary reduction gear planetary gear is connected with the second planet carrier for planetary reduction gear with the first planet carrier for planetary reduction gear respectively with the second planetary reduction gear planetary gear, the first planet carrier for planetary reduction gear is connected with transmission device with the second planet carrier for planetary reduction gear, the first planetary reduction gear gear ring and the second planetary reduction gear gear ring are all connected with oil jacket.
2. built-in difference according to claim 1 subtracts the driving motor for electric automobile of assembly, it is characterized in that, described motor also comprises oil phase, and fuel tank is arranged on the bottom of casing.
3. built-in difference according to claim 1 subtracts the driving motor for electric automobile of assembly, it is characterized in that, described motor is direct current machine, AC induction motor, ac synchronous motor or magneto.
4. built-in difference subtracts a driving motor for electric automobile for assembly, comprises motor, differential mechanism and gear reduction unit, and motor comprises casing, oil jacket, motor stator and rotor; Oil jacket is connected with casing at internal side of shell, forms a toroidal cavity between casing and oil jacket, and oil atomizer is arranged on casing, and nozzle is facing to toroidal cavity; It is characterized in that: driving motor for electric automobile also comprises differential mechanism and fixed axis gear decelerator; Rotor is connected with the input gear of fixed axis gear decelerator, input gear and the engagement of the first idler gear, the first idler gear and the engagement of the second idler gear; The second idler gear and differential carrier are affixed, 2 or 4 differential mechanism driving gears are contained on the axle of differential carrier, the first differential mechanism driven gear and the engagement of differential mechanism driving gear, the differential mechanism driving gear engagement in the second differential mechanism driven gear and left side, the first differential mechanism driven gear is connected with the first differential mechanism output shaft; The second differential mechanism driven gear is connected with the second differential mechanism output shaft in left side; The first differential mechanism output shaft is connected with transmission device with the second differential mechanism output shaft.
5. built-in difference according to claim 4 subtracts the driving motor for electric automobile of assembly, it is characterized in that, described rotor is connected with the input gear of fixed axis gear decelerator by spline.
6. built-in difference according to claim 4 subtracts the driving motor for electric automobile of assembly, it is characterized in that, described motor also comprises oil phase, and fuel tank is arranged on the bottom of casing.
7. built-in difference according to claim 4 subtracts the driving motor for electric automobile of assembly, it is characterized in that, described differential mechanism is symmetrical conical gear formula differential mechanism, Cam differential or free wheel type differential mechanism.
8. built-in difference according to claim 7 subtracts the driving motor for electric automobile of assembly, it is characterized in that, described differential mechanism also comprises frictional disk or differential lock.
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| CN106402286A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-02-15 | 长沙汽电汽车零部件有限公司 | Planetary reduction output structure of driving motor and driving motor employing planetary reduction output structure |
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